CN107940446B - Large entrainment jet flow over-fire air system and jet method - Google Patents
Large entrainment jet flow over-fire air system and jet method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107940446B CN107940446B CN201711294863.4A CN201711294863A CN107940446B CN 107940446 B CN107940446 B CN 107940446B CN 201711294863 A CN201711294863 A CN 201711294863A CN 107940446 B CN107940446 B CN 107940446B
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- jet
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
- F23C7/002—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
- F23C9/06—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for completing combustion
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a large entrainment jet flow over-fire air system, which comprises a hearth and top layer over-fire air nozzles arranged on a front wall and a rear wall of the hearth, and is characterized in that: at least one layer of over-fire air nozzles are arranged on the front wall and the rear wall between the top layer of over-fire air nozzle and the main burner, each layer of over-fire air nozzle comprises a plurality of over-fire air nozzles, at least one layer of over-fire air nozzle on the front wall and/or the rear wall is a Y-shaped entrainment jet flow over-fire air nozzle, the nozzle comprises an air inlet pipe and two air outlet pipes which are connected, and the two air outlet pipes are positioned on two sides of the axis horizontal direction of the air inlet pipe; the invention also discloses a jet method of the large entrainment jet over-fire air; the invention can further reduce the concentration of carbon monoxide at the outlet of the hearth and the carbon content of fly ash, and improve the combustion efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an overfire air system and an injection method, in particular to a large entrainment jet overfire air system and an injection method for a pulverized coal boiler.
Background
The air staged combustion technology is one of low-nitrogen combustion technologies commonly adopted by the pulverized coal boiler at present, and the basic principle is to complete the combustion process of fuel in stages. Less than the theoretical amount of air is fed to the main burner zone and the fuel is burned under fuel-rich conditions, the temperature level in the combustion zone being reduced, while the formation of a reducing atmosphere reduces the formation of nitrogen oxides. An over-fire air nozzle is arranged above the main burner, and the introduction of the over-fire air can provide enough oxygen to burn off unburned carbon from the reduction zone, so that the combustion efficiency is ensured, and the carbon content of fly ash is reduced; since the main combustion zone is a fuel-rich combustion zone and the burners are disposed on the front and rear walls, most of unburned gas, unburned carbon, etc. are distributed in the middle (depth direction) of the furnace in the burnout zone, and nitrogen oxides are distributed in the areas near the front and rear walls. The traditional over-fire air is sprayed in by direct current, so that the reduction zone is quickly damaged, the reduced nitrogen oxides are regenerated in the later-period over-fire zone due to the combustion of unburnt carbon and the like, even the carbon content of fly ash is larger, the water-cooling wall of the over-fire zone is slagging, the outlet smoke temperature deviation is increased, and the effect of air classification and emission reduction of the nitrogen oxides is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at overcoming the defects in the prior art, and provides a large entrainment jet flow over-fire air system and an injection method, which can further reduce nitrogen oxides, reduce the concentration of carbon monoxide at the outlet of a hearth and the carbon content of fly ash, and improve the combustion efficiency.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the large entrainment jet over-fire air system of the invention comprises a hearth, top layer over-fire air nozzles arranged on the front wall and the rear wall of the hearth, and is characterized in that: at least one layer of over-fire air nozzles are arranged on the front wall and the rear wall between the top layer of over-fire air nozzle and the main burner, each layer of over-fire air nozzle comprises a plurality of over-fire air nozzles, at least one layer of over-fire air nozzle on the front wall and/or the rear wall is a Y-shaped entrainment jet flow over-fire air nozzle, the nozzle comprises an air inlet pipe and two air outlet pipes which are connected, and the two air outlet pipes are positioned on two sides of the axis horizontal direction of the air inlet pipe;
the above-mentioned front wall and back wall each layer of over-fire air nozzles can be Y-type entrainment jet over-fire air nozzles;
each layer of over-fire air nozzles on one of the front wall and the rear wall can be Y-shaped entrainment jet over-fire air nozzles, and each layer of over-fire air nozzles on the other wall can be direct-current over-fire air nozzles;
as a further improvement of the invention, the height-width ratio of the two air outlet pipes of the Y-shaped entrainment jet overfire air nozzle is 1-6; the included angle between the two air outlet pipes and the central line of the air inlet pipe is 5-45 degrees; the jet flow rigidity of the over-fire air sprayed by the two air outlet pipes can be improved, the entrainment area is increased, and the entrainment effect is enhanced by the larger height-width ratio and the proper included angle;
the injection method for the large entrainment jet over-fire air system is characterized by comprising the following steps of: spraying a plurality of layers of over-fire air on the front wall and the rear wall of the hearth reduction zone in a layered manner, forming two high-speed jet over-fire air with a certain included angle in the horizontal direction by using a Y-shaped entrainment jet over-fire air nozzle, forming a large backflow zone at the outlet of the nozzle, re-entrainment and backflow of flue gas in the middle of the hearth to the two sides of the front wall and the rear wall, and re-reducing nitrogen oxides distributed near the front wall and the rear wall of the hearth; the other layers are sprayed with direct-current over-fire air through a direct-current over-fire air nozzle, the outlet wind speed of the direct-current over-fire air is lower than the outlet wind speeds of two Gao Sushe-flow over-fire air, or two high-speed jet over-fire air with a certain included angle in the horizontal direction are sprayed through a Y-shaped entrainment jet over-fire air nozzle.
As a further improvement of the invention, the outlet wind speed of the two high-speed jet overfire air is 30m/s less than or equal to V less than or equal to 70m/s; the outlet wind speed of the direct-current over-fire air is more than or equal to 20m/s and less than or equal to 40m/s; the air speed of the low-speed direct-current overfire air outlet is low, and the NOx near the front wall and the rear wall can be fed into the large entrainment vortex by being matched with the Y-shaped large entrainment jet overfire air, so that the entrainment effect is further enhanced;
it was found in a number of experiments that: the invention re-entrainment and backflow of the flue gas in the middle of the hearth to the two sides of the front wall and the rear wall by designing entrainment type over-fire air, and the reduction zone is the fuel-rich flue gas, so that the fuel-rich flue gas in the middle of the hearth is fully contacted with NOX distributed near the front wall and the rear wall of the hearth, NOX can be further reduced, the air classification effect can be enhanced, the nitrogen oxide content at the outlet of the hearth can be reduced, meanwhile, the backflow of the flue gas can entrain unburned particles, the residence time of the particles can be prolonged, the concentration of CO at the outlet and the carbon content of fly ash can be reduced while the nitrogen oxide is reduced, and the combustion efficiency is improved.
In conclusion, the invention can further reduce the concentration of carbon monoxide at the outlet of the hearth and the carbon content of fly ash, and improve the combustion efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a furnace employing a high entrainment jet overfire air system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a top view of each layer of overfire air nozzles of the front and rear walls of a first embodiment of the high entrainment jet overfire air system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a front view of the Y-entrainment jet over-fire air nozzle of fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a top view of fig. 3.
FIG. 5 is a top view of each layer of overfire air nozzles of the front and rear walls of a second embodiment of the high entrainment jet overfire air system of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a top view of a front and rear wall each layer of overfire air nozzles of a third embodiment of the high entrainment jet overfire air system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a main burner 2 and a top-layer over-fire air nozzle 3 are layered on a front wall 1 and a rear wall (not shown) of a pulverized coal boiler furnace 5 along the height direction, the top-layer over-fire air nozzle 3 is positioned above the main burner 2, and a furnace reduction zone is arranged between the front wall and the rear wall; the front wall 1 and the rear wall between the top layer over-fire air nozzle 3 and the main burner 2 are respectively provided with an over-fire air nozzle 4;
example 1
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the large entrainment jet over-fire air system of the embodiment comprises a hearth 5, and top-layer over-fire air nozzles 3 arranged on a front wall 1 and a rear wall 6 of the hearth 5, wherein two layers of over-fire air nozzles are arranged on the front wall 1 and the rear wall 6 between the top-layer over-fire air nozzles 3 and a main burner, each layer of over-fire air nozzle comprises a plurality of over-fire air nozzles 4, the over-fire air nozzles 4 on the front wall and the rear wall are Y-shaped entrainment jet over-fire air nozzles, the nozzles 4 comprise an air inlet pipe 7 and two air outlet pipes 8 which are connected, the two air outlet pipes 8 are positioned on two sides of the axis horizontal direction of the air inlet pipe 7, and the height-width ratio H/K of the two air outlet pipes is 1-6; the included angle alpha between the two air outlet pipes and the central line of the air inlet pipe is 5-45 degrees;
the injection method for the large entrainment jet over-fire air system comprises the following steps: spraying a plurality of layers of over-fire air on the front wall 1 and the rear wall 6 of the hearth reduction zone, wherein the over-fire air on each layer forms two high-speed jet over-fire air with a certain included angle in the horizontal direction through two air outlet pipes 8 of a Y-type entrainment jet over-fire air nozzle 4, the outlet air speed is 30m/s or less and V or less than 70m/s, a large reflux zone is formed at the outlet of the nozzle, the flue gas in the middle of the hearth 5 is re-entrained and refluxed to the two sides of the front wall and the rear wall, and nitrogen oxides distributed near the front wall and the rear wall of the hearth are re-reduced; the top layer over-fire air nozzle 3 sprays direct-current over-fire air, the outlet wind speed is more than or equal to 20m/s and less than or equal to 40m/s, and is always lower than the outlet wind speeds of two Gao Sushe flow over-fire air.
As a great number of experiments of the settling furnace prove that the fuel-rich flue gas still has strong nitrogen oxide reduction capability, the invention re-catches the flue gas in the middle of the hearth 5 to the two sides of the front wall and the rear wall by designing the entrainment type over-fire air in the reduction zone, and as the reduction zone is the fuel-rich flue gas, the fuel-rich flue gas in the middle of the hearth fully contacts with NOX distributed near the front wall and the rear wall of the hearth, NOX can be further reduced, the air classification effect can be enhanced, the nitrogen oxide content at the outlet of the hearth is reduced, and compared with the traditional over-fire air hedging feeding mode of the front wall and the rear wall, the NOX can be reduced by about 10%; meanwhile, the backflow of the flue gas can entrain unburned particles, so that the residence time of the particles is prolonged, the concentration of CO at an outlet and the carbon content of fly ash can be reduced while the nitrogen oxides are reduced, and the combustion efficiency is improved; the jet flow rigidity of the over-fire air sprayed by the two air outlet pipes 8 can be improved by the larger height-width ratio H/K and the proper included angle alpha, the entrainment area is increased, and the entrainment effect is enhanced.
As shown in fig. 5 to 6, the large entrainment jet over-fire air systems of the second and third embodiments differ from the first embodiment only in that: the front wall 1 and the rear wall 6 are respectively provided with a layer of over-fire air nozzles, each layer of over-fire air nozzle comprises a plurality of over-fire air nozzles, only the over-fire air nozzle 4 on the front wall 1 or the rear wall 6 is a Y-shaped entrainment jet flow over-fire air nozzle, and each layer of over-fire air nozzle on the other wall 6 or 1 is a direct current over-fire air nozzle 9;
a method of jetting for the large entrainment jet over-fire air system of embodiments two or three, comprising the steps of: spraying a plurality of layers of over-fire air on a front wall 1 or a rear wall 6 of a hearth reduction zone, wherein the over-fire air of each layer forms two high-speed jet over-fire air with a certain included angle in the horizontal direction through two air outlet pipes 8 of a Y-type entrainment jet over-fire air nozzle 4, the outlet air speed is 30m/s or less and V or less than 70m/s, a large reflux zone is formed at the outlet of the nozzle, the flue gas in the middle of the hearth 5 is re-entrained and refluxed to the two sides of the front wall and the rear wall, and nitrogen oxides distributed near the front wall and the rear wall of the hearth are re-reduced; four layers of direct-current overfire air are sprayed on the corresponding rear wall 6 or front wall 1 through the direct-current overfire air nozzles 9, the outlet wind speed is more than or equal to 20m/s and less than or equal to 40m/s, and the outlet wind speed is always lower than the outlet wind speeds of two Gao Sushe flows of overfire air. The Y-shaped large entrainment jet over-fire air is arranged on the front wall (or the rear wall), the low-speed direct-current over-fire air is adopted on the rear wall (the front wall), the air speed of the low-speed direct-current over-fire air outlet is low, and NOX near the front wall and the rear wall can be fed into the large entrainment vortex by matching with the Y-shaped large entrainment jet over-fire air, so that the entrainment effect is further enhanced.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a big entrainment efflux after-fire air system, includes furnace, locates the top layer after-fire air spout on furnace's front wall and the back wall, its characterized in that: at least one layer of over-fire air nozzles are arranged on the front wall and the rear wall between the top layer of over-fire air nozzle and the main burner, each layer of over-fire air nozzle comprises a plurality of over-fire air nozzles, at least one layer of over-fire air nozzle on the front wall and/or the rear wall is a Y-shaped entrainment jet flow over-fire air nozzle, the nozzle comprises an air inlet pipe and two air outlet pipes which are connected, and the two air outlet pipes are positioned on two sides of the axis horizontal direction of the air inlet pipe.
2. A high entrainment jet overfire air system as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the front wall and the back wall are all Y-shaped entrainment jet flow over-fire air nozzles.
3. A high entrainment jet overfire air system as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the over-fire air nozzles of each layer on one of the front wall and the rear wall are Y-shaped entrainment jet over-fire air nozzles, and the over-fire air nozzles of each layer on the other wall are direct-current over-fire air nozzles.
4. A high entrainment jet overfire air system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the height-width ratio of the two air outlet pipes of the Y-shaped entrainment jet flow over-fire air nozzle is 1-6; the included angle between the two air outlet pipes and the central line of the air inlet pipe is 5-45 degrees.
5. Injection method for a large entrainment jet overfire air system according to claim 1, comprising the steps of: spraying a plurality of layers of over-fire air on the front wall and the rear wall of the hearth reduction zone in a layered manner, forming two high-speed jet over-fire air with a certain included angle in the horizontal direction by using a Y-shaped entrainment jet over-fire air nozzle, forming a large backflow zone at the outlet of the nozzle, re-entrainment and backflow of flue gas in the middle of the hearth to the two sides of the front wall and the rear wall, and re-reducing nitrogen oxides distributed near the front wall and the rear wall of the hearth; the other layers are sprayed with direct-current over-fire air or two high-speed jet-flow over-fire air with a certain included angle in the horizontal direction, and the outlet wind speed of the direct-current over-fire air is lower than that of two Gao Sushe jet-flow over-fire air.
6. The method for injecting a large entrainment jet overfire air system of claim 5, wherein the exit wind speeds of the two high velocity entrainment jet overfire air streams are 30 m/s.ltoreq.V.ltoreq.70 m/s; the outlet wind speed of the direct-current over-fire air is more than or equal to 20m/s and less than or equal to 40m/s.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711294863.4A CN107940446B (en) | 2017-12-08 | 2017-12-08 | Large entrainment jet flow over-fire air system and jet method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711294863.4A CN107940446B (en) | 2017-12-08 | 2017-12-08 | Large entrainment jet flow over-fire air system and jet method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN107940446A CN107940446A (en) | 2018-04-20 |
| CN107940446B true CN107940446B (en) | 2024-01-16 |
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| CN111146544A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-05-12 | 电子科技大学 | Efficient cooling structure for small high-power millimeter wave device |
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| CN107940446A (en) | 2018-04-20 |
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