Numerical control rotary dividing tooth scraping machine
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of gear shaping machines, and particularly relates to a numerical control rotary dividing gear scraping machine.
Background
Gear machining is well known to fall into two broad categories. Generating method machining (including gear hobbing, gear shaping and the like) and forming method machining (including gear milling, gear drawing and the like). These processes have evolved to a very sophisticated level and are widely accepted in the art relating to gear manufacturing. With the development of aviation, aerospace, automobile, wind energy and other industries, the defects of the processing methods are also exposed. For example, the internal tooth processing of a planetary gear train tooth sleeve of an automatic transmission of an automobile is impossible by a hobbing and milling method due to space limitation; for compact structure, the internal teeth are often not communicated and have no tool withdrawal groove, so that the gear shaping and gear drawing methods cannot be processed; the internal teeth which are axially communicated can be formed by adopting a gear shaping method and a gear pulling method, but the gear shaping method has low efficiency and processing precision, the gear pulling method has low precision and high cost, and particularly, the processing of the large-diameter spiral internal teeth is performed, and the cost of a spiral broach is quite high. Under such circumstances, research on new processing methods and corresponding equipment becomes necessary to meet the need of rapid development of national economy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-speed, efficient and high-precision numerical control rotary-dividing tooth scraping machine.
The purpose of the invention is realized in the following way:
The numerical control rotary-dividing tooth scraping machine comprises a machine body, wherein two vertical sliding rails which are arranged on the upper surface of the machine body in parallel are provided with a stand column base in a sliding manner, two vertical sliding rails which are arranged on a stand column on the stand column base in parallel are provided with a slide carriage in a sliding manner, and a rotary plate is rotatably arranged on the slide carriage and has the following specific structure: the rotary shaft that is equipped with on the carriage is connected with the bearing housing that is equipped with on the rotor plate corresponds the cooperation, drives the sector gear that sets up on the rotor plate through the rocker gear box that sets up on the carriage and makes the rotor plate rotate round the rotary shaft, slide on the spout of following vertical setting on the rotor plate and be provided with the arbor box, the cutter setting is on the arbor of arbor box, is equipped with the work piece mount pad on the lathe bed that is located the cutter downside, the action of stand base, carriage, rotor plate and arbor box is controlled by the numerical control system.
In the scheme, the stand upper end is provided with two sprocket supports and is provided with the chain respectively, one end of two chains is connected with the slide carriage, the other end is connected with the balancing weight, the balancing weight pulls the chain to enable the slide carriage to have upward sliding force along the vertical sliding rail, and the slide carriage slides downwards on the vertical sliding rail and is driven by the servo motor.
In the scheme, the swing angle gear box is driven by the swing angle motor, a speed reducer is connected between the swing angle motor and the swing angle gear box, one end of a main shaft of the speed reducer penetrates through the slide carriage to be connected with the swing angle gear box, and the other end of the main shaft of the speed reducer is connected with the swing angle motor and is driven by the swing angle motor.
In the above scheme, the rotor plate is equipped with the fan-shaped groove on facing one side of carriage apron, and the carriage apron that corresponds is equipped with a plurality of locking screw rod that is connected with the fan-shaped groove cooperation on facing one side of rotor plate, is provided with the locking hydro-cylinder on the rotor plate that is located locking screw rod back.
In the scheme, the upright post base is driven by the servo motor to slide on the longitudinal sliding rail, and the concrete structure is as follows: the two screw rod bases arranged on the lathe bed are respectively provided with a bearing sleeve, two ends of the ball screw rod are respectively arranged on the two corresponding bearing sleeves, the upright post base is provided with a screw seat, the ball screw rod penetrates through the screw seat and is matched and connected with the screw seat, the ball screw rod at one end extends out of the bearing sleeve to be connected with a servo motor, the servo motor drives the ball screw rod to rotate and then drives the screw seat on the ball screw rod to longitudinally move, and the upright post base driven by the longitudinal movement of the screw seat slides along a longitudinal sliding rail.
In the scheme, the cutter shaft box slides along the chute and is driven by the servo motor, and the concrete connecting structure is as follows: a bearing seat is arranged on a cutter adjusting screw rod seat arranged on the rotating plate, a cutter adjusting screw rod vertically arranged is arranged on the bearing seat, one end of the cutter adjusting screw rod extends out of the bearing seat to be connected with a servo motor, the other end of the cutter adjusting screw rod is connected with a screw rod seat arranged on the cutter shaft box in a matched manner, and the cutter shaft box is driven to slide downwards along a sliding groove after the cutter adjusting screw rod is driven to rotate by the servo motor; the two spring rod seats arranged at the upper end of the rotating plate are respectively provided with a vertical spring rod, the two spring rods are connected with the cutter shaft box, springs are respectively arranged on the spring rods, and the cutter shaft box slides downwards to enable the springs to have upward tension.
In the scheme, at least three locking oil cylinders are arranged on the rotating plate positioned on the right side of the cutter shaft box, and the cutter shaft is driven by the locking oil cylinders to adjust the position of the rear fixed cutter shaft box.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following outstanding and beneficial technical effects:
1. In the concrete machining process, the cutter is equivalent to a gear meshed with a workpiece, the axis of the workpiece mounting seat and the axis of the cutter main shaft are inclined by an angle, and the synchronous rotation of the workpiece and the cutter, the axial feeding of the cutter and the radial feeding of the cutter are controlled in a full closed loop mode by adopting an angle encoder of the Siemens numerical control electronic gear or the multi-axis synchronous function. Therefore, on one hand, the required tooth surface shape can be processed, and on the other hand, the rotary indexing is realized during processing, so that the processing efficiency is greatly improved. The numerical control turning and gear shaping machine tool has the technical advantages that a brand new high-speed, high-efficiency and high-precision gear dry cutting mode is created, the machining procedure of the cylindrical gear is shortened, the machining efficiency of the gear is greatly improved, and meanwhile, the machining precision of the gear is improved.
2. The machine tool adopts the automatic chip removal device, the feeding and discharging mechanical arm and the conveying belt, improves the automation degree of the whole machine and realizes full-automatic production.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a partial structural schematic of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a partial structural schematic of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a partial schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a partial structural schematic of the present invention.
The machine tool comprises a machine tool body 1, a longitudinal sliding rail 2, a column base 3, a column 4, a vertical sliding rail 5, a slide carriage 6, a rotating plate 7, a rotating shaft 8, a bearing sleeve 9, a swing angle gearbox 10, a sector gear 11, a sliding chute 12, a cutter shaft box 13, a cutter 14, a cutter shaft 16, a workpiece mounting seat 17, a chain wheel bracket 18, a chain wheel 19, a balancing weight 20, a servo motor 21, a swing angle motor 22, a sector groove 24, a locking screw 25, a screw base 26, a bearing sleeve 27, a ball screw 28, a screw base 29, a cutter adjusting screw base 30, a bearing base 31, a cutter adjusting screw 32, a screw base 33, a spring rod base 34, a spring rod 35, a spring 36 and an oil cylinder 37.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in the following embodiments with reference to the figures, see fig. 1-7:
The numerical control rotary-dividing tooth scraping machine comprises a machine body 1, wherein a stand column base 3 is arranged on two longitudinal slide rails 2 which are arranged on the upper surface of the machine body 1 in parallel in a sliding manner, two vertical slide rails 5 are arranged on stand columns 4 which are arranged on the stand column base 3 in parallel, a slide carriage 6 is arranged on the vertical slide rails 5 in a sliding manner, and a rotary plate 7 is rotatably arranged on the slide carriage 6 and has the following specific structure: the rotary shaft 8 arranged on the slide carriage 6 is correspondingly matched and connected with the bearing sleeve 9 arranged on the rotary plate 7, the sector gear 11 arranged on the rotary plate 7 is driven by the swing angle gearbox 10 arranged on the slide carriage 6 to enable the rotary plate 7 to rotate around the rotary shaft 8, the cutter shaft box 13 is arranged on the slide groove 12 vertically arranged on the rotary plate 7 in a sliding mode, the cutter 14 is arranged on the cutter shaft 16 of the cutter shaft box 13, the workpiece mounting seat 17 is arranged on the lathe bed 1 positioned on the lower side of the cutter 14, and actions of the upright post base 3, the slide carriage 6, the rotary plate 7 and the cutter shaft box 13 are controlled by a numerical control system.
In the above scheme, the two sprocket brackets 18 are respectively arranged at the upper ends of the upright posts 4, one ends of the two sprocket brackets 19 are connected with the slide carriage 6, the other ends of the two sprocket brackets 19 are connected with the balancing weights 20, the balancing weights 20 pull the sprocket brackets 19 to enable the slide carriage 6 to have upward sliding force along the vertical slide rail 5, and the slide carriage 6 slides downwards on the vertical slide rail 5 and is driven by the servo motor 21.
In the above-mentioned scheme, the swing angle gear box 10 is driven by the swing angle motor 22, a speed reducer 23 is connected between the swing angle motor 22 and the swing angle gear box 10, one end of a main shaft of the speed reducer 23 passes through the slide carriage 6 to be connected with the swing angle gear box 10, and the other end is connected with the swing angle motor 22 and is driven by the swing angle motor 22.
In the above-mentioned embodiment, the rotating plate 7 is provided with a fan-shaped groove 24 on a side surface facing the slide carriage 6, the slide carriage 6 corresponding to the fan-shaped groove 24 is provided with a plurality of locking screws 25 which are connected with the fan-shaped groove 24 in a matching manner on a side surface facing the rotating plate 7, and the rotating plate 7 positioned at the back of the locking screws 25 is provided with a locking cylinder 37.
In the above scheme, the upright post base 3 is driven by the servo motor 21 to slide on the longitudinal slide rail 2, and the specific structure is as follows: the two screw bases 26 arranged on the lathe bed 1 are respectively provided with a bearing sleeve 27, two ends of a ball screw 28 are respectively arranged on the two corresponding bearing sleeves 27, the upright post base 3 is provided with a screw base 29, the ball screw 28 penetrates through the screw base 29 and is connected with the screw base 29 in a matched mode, the ball screw 28 at one end extends out of the bearing sleeves 27 to be connected with the servo motor 21, the screw base 29 on the ball screw 28 is driven to longitudinally move after being driven to rotate by the servo motor 21, and the upright post base 3 driven by the longitudinal movement of the screw base 29 slides along the longitudinal sliding rail 2.
In the above scheme, the cutter shaft box 13 slides along the chute 12 and is driven by the servo motor 21, and the specific connection structure is as follows: a bearing seat 31 is arranged on a cutter-adjusting screw rod seat 30 arranged on the rotating plate 7, a cutter-adjusting screw rod 32 arranged vertically is arranged on the bearing seat 31, one end of the cutter-adjusting screw rod 32 extends out of the bearing seat 31 to be connected with the servo motor 21, the other end of the cutter-adjusting screw rod is matched and connected with a screw rod seat 33 arranged on the cutter shaft box 13, and the cutter shaft box 13 is driven to slide downwards along the sliding groove 12 after the cutter-adjusting screw rod 32 is driven to rotate by the servo motor 21; two spring rod seats 34 arranged at the upper end of the rotating plate 7 are respectively provided with a vertical spring rod 35, the two spring rods 35 are connected with the cutter shaft box 13, springs 36 are respectively arranged on the spring rods 35, and the cutter shaft box 13 slides downwards to enable the springs 36 to have upward tension.
In the above-described embodiment, at least three lock cylinders 37 are provided on the rotary plate 7 located on the right side of the arbor box 13, and the arbor 14 is adjusted by driving the lock cylinders 37, thereby fixing the arbor box 13.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in this way, therefore: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of the invention should be covered in the scope of protection of the invention.