CN107886721A - A kind of traffic accident road status data acquisition method - Google Patents
A kind of traffic accident road status data acquisition method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to traffic safety technology field, especially a kind of traffic accident road status data acquisition method, its method is：One section of detection section for being not less than 300m is determined according to the feature of traffic accident；The instrument to be used is checked, and instrument has been debugged according to correct operating method, prepares data acquisition；Using different acquisition means, the related condition of road surface characteristic parameter of traffic accident is gathered respectively；Gathered data is handled, contrasted with the requirement of highway layout standard, the analysis accident origin cause of formation associates with Road Factor.Beneficial effect of the present invention：The measure acquisition method of condition of road surface parameter detecting classification proposed by the present invention and each parameter, systems approach in terms of can filling up in current scene of a traffic accident data acquisition about condition of road surface, the guidance of methodology is provided for line traffic collection road related data, so as to promote that more comprehensively the accident origin cause of formation is analyzed, and then promote the improvement of road traffic safety situation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to traffic safety technology field, especially a kind of traffic accident road status data acquisition method.
Background technology
Traffic accident data acquisition is the necessary flow and link of traffic accident treatment, and traffic safety is improved
Element task.People, car, road, environment are the factor of system of traffic safety, and the causative factor of traffic accident.China at present
Traffic accident data acquisition divides on-site data gathering and non-at-scene data acquisition, and on-site data gathering works mainly by traffic
Complete, its content is mainly the position of accident vehicle and personnel, the damage of vehicle and personnel and damage configuration, the distribution of fall-out
And other related vestiges；Non-at-scene data collection task entrusts the third-party institution to carry out by traffic police, and its content is mainly vehicle
Safe practice situation, personal damage situation, Crash characteristics etc..Traffic reconnoitre primarily to accident responsibility identification and
Processing, for a long time, one side Road Factor is difficult to define to the reason of accident, and another aspect traffic police carries out responsibility to road side
Identification also lacks legal basis, therefore, lacks during traffic accident is reconnoitred at present and the specific aim of condition of road surface is reconnoitred, and also lacks system
The guidance of system method.With the raising that the progress and each side of society are recognized road reason, to traffic accident road status data
The demand of collection significantly improves.
Therefore, it is necessary to propose a kind of traffic accident road status data acquisition method for above mentioned problem.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of traffic accident road situation
Collecting method.
A kind of traffic accident road status data acquisition method, its method and step are：Step 1：
According to traffic
The feature of accident determines one section of detection section for being not less than 300m；Step 2：The inspection instrument to be used, and according to
Correct operating method has debugged instrument, prepares data acquisition；Step 3：Using different acquisition means, traffic is gathered respectively
The related condition of road surface characteristic parameter of accident；Step 4：Gathered data is handled, carried out pair with the requirement of highway layout standard
Than the analysis accident origin cause of formation associates with Road Factor.
Preferably, wherein gathered data classification is net including road plane, profile of road, road Cross Section, sighting distance, road
Empty, six aspects of surface friction coefficient.
Preferably, wherein gathered data parameter includes plane circular curve radius, top rake, longitudinal slope length, radius of vertical curve, road
Face width, lane width, transverse slope, driving sight distance, clear height/clear span and surface friction coefficient.
Preferably, wherein plane circular curve radius acquisition method the step of be：
(1) in the road on heart line select circular curve intermediate point and both sides spacing similar in 2 points of (totally three points) conducts
Measuring point (to avoid the indivedual measuring points for being strayed into influence, circular curve both ends should being given up of easement curve or straight line measuring point)；
(2) plane coordinates (x of three measuring points is determined with total powerstation1,y1)、(x2,y2)、(x3,y3)；
(3) a circle principle is determined using 3 points, calculates single circle central coordinate of circle (x0,y0), formula is：
(4) select measuring point on the circular curve of heart line again in the road, calculate the circle for determining other m-1 Dan Yuan after testing
The heart (xoi,yoi)；
(5) all Dan Yuan mean circle-center is determined using center of gravity formulaFormula is：
In formula, (x0i,y0i) be i-th of circle central coordinate of circle；M is the number of combinations of all any three points in measuring point, i.e.,N is measuring point number, and n >=3.
(6) Circular curve fitting radius R is calculated, formula is：
Preferably, wherein top rake acquisition method the step of be：
(1) multiple points are selected on flat slope section road axis and are used as measuring point；
(2) coordinate (x, y, H) of each measuring point is determined with total powerstation；
(3) according to each measuring pointData, linear regression fitting is carried out with least square method, fitting is straight
The slope of line is that (during fitting, coefficient correlation must not be less than 0.9 to road longitudinal grade degree, 0.1%) top rake is accurate to.
Preferably, wherein longitudinal slope length of grade acquisition method the step of be：
(1) fitting a straight line of detection slope section and its front and rear adjacent slope section is determined；
(2) slope section fitting a straight line extension will be detected, intersects to obtain two intersection points with its front and rear adjacent slope section fitting a straight line, two
Horizontal range between intersection point is to detect slope section length of grade (being accurate to 0.01m).
Preferably, wherein radius of vertical curve acquisition method the step of be：
(1) in the road on heart line select vertical curve intermediate point and both sides spacing similar in 2 points of (totally three points) conducts
Measuring point (is strayed into influence, should give up indivedual measuring points at vertical curve both ends) for flat slope straight line measuring point；
(2) plane coordinates (x of three measuring points is determined with total powerstation1,y1, H1)、(x2,y2, H2)、(x3,y3, H3), during measurement
Relative coordinate system can be used；
(3) a circle principle is determined using 3 points, calculates single circle central coordinate of circle (X0,H0), formula is：
Select measuring point on the vertical curve of heart line again in the road, calculate the center of circle for determining other m-1 Dan Yuan after testing
(X0i,H0i)；
(5) all Dan Yuan mean circle-center is determined using center of gravity formulaFormula is：
In formula, (X0i,H0i) be i-th of circle central coordinate of circle；M is the number of combinations of all any three points in measuring point, i.e.,N is measuring point number, and n >=3.
(6) vertical curve fit radius R is calculated, formula is：
Preferably, wherein width of roadway acquisition method the step of be：
(1) steel ruler or total powerstation are used, along the vertical direction of center line of road, level measures the width of road surface each several part；
(2) when measuring, steel ruler answers keep level, steel ruler must not be close into road surface and measured, and must not use tape measure；
(3) to highway and Class I highway, city expressway, it is accurate to 0.005m；To other standard highways, city master
Main line, secondary distributor road and branch road, are accurate to 0.01m.
Preferably, wherein lane width acquisition method the step of be：
(1) steel ruler or total powerstation are used, along the vertical direction of center line of road, level measures the width between pavement strip and graticule
Degree；
(2) when measuring, steel ruler answers keep level, steel ruler must not be close into road surface and measured, and must not use tape measure；
(3) width of road middle lane is the intermarginal width of pavement strip inner edge and two adjacent graticule half-breadth sums；Edge
Lane width is pavement strip inward flange to kerb inward flange width and graticule half-breadth sum；
(4) to highway and Class I highway, city expressway, it is accurate to 0.005m；To other standard highways, city master
Main line, secondary distributor road and branch road, are accurate to 0.01m.
Preferably, wherein superelevation slope acquisition method the step of be：
(1) test section is chosen in the centre portion of plane circular curve；
(2) to there is the road surface of median strip, spirit level or total powerstation are erected at the smooth-going of road surface, and Sopwith staff is erected at respectively
Road surface and the curb belt edge d of median strip boundary1Place and road surface and curb boundary (or outside kerbstone edge) d2Place, d1
With d2Measuring point necessarily be in same cross section at two, measure d1Place and d2The elevation at place, is accurate to 0.001m；
(3) road surface without median strip, spirit level or total powerstation are erected at the smooth-going of road surface, Sopwith staff is erected at respectively
Road surface both sides and the boundary position d of curb1、d2Place, d1With d2Measuring point necessarily be in same cross section at two, measure d1Place and d2Place
Elevation, be accurate to 0.001m；
(4) d is measured with steel ruler or total powerstation1With d2Horizontal range at two between measuring point, it is public to highway and one-level
Road, city expressway, are accurate to 0.005m；To other standard highways, city thoroughfare, secondary distributor road and branch road, it is accurate to
0.01m；
(5) d is used1With d2The horizontal range that the difference of elevation at two is at two is to detect the superelevation horizontal slope of section, accurately
To 0.1%；
(6) when the cross section irregularity in curved road surface superelevation section, 2~3 measuring points should be increased on cross section, according to
Measuring point data is fitted superelevation horizontal slope.
Preferably, wherein driving sight distance acquisition method the step of be：
(1) road plane driving sight distance should be directed to curve inner side track and carry out；
(2) road is indulged face sighting distance and should carried out respectively for crest curve and concave curve；
(3) along test lane center, total powerstation is set up, the high 1.2m of total powerstation, high 0.1m objects are put along direction of traffic,
By closely to the position for far moving the object on lane center, untill total powerstation is just seen at the top of the object, at this
Object position performs mark；
(4) total powerstation is measured to the distance of mark, as sighting distance length along lane center with steel ruler, be accurate to
0.1m；
(5) repetition measures the sighting distance of a number of other positions, takes driving sight distance of the wherein minimum sighting distance as detection section.
Preferably, wherein road clear height/clear span acquisition method the step of be：
(1) road clear height/clear span data acquisition, which should be directed to, single outstanding mark, double outstanding marks, door frame cross over-line bridge, cross-line
Bridge, electric pole, cable etc. may cause the section of road clearance deficiency to carry out；
(2) steel ruler, total powerstation or laser range finder are used, each profile point of cross-section is detected one by one, is accurate to 0.01m；
(3) road clear height/clear span detection should be directed to least favorable section and carry out；
(4) when detection section is in longitudinal gradient section, longitudinal slope amendment should be carried out to measured profile headroom, actual measurement headroom is broken
Correct to design cross-section in face.
Preferably, the step of surface friction coefficient acquisition method is：
(1) 1 (or multiple) are selected on the wheel path of the driving lane in detection section at random and put position as test point,
And made a mark with chalk；
(2) 5 operations are carried out to each measuring point with pendulum friction coefficient determinator, record the pavement skid resistance pendulum operated every time
Value BPN, the BPN values averaged as each measuring point；
(3) when pavement temperature is non-20 DEG C, temperature adjustmemt need to be carried out to BPN values, formula is：
BPN20=BPNt+ΔBPN
In formula：BPN20To be converted into the pendulum value of 20 DEG C of normal temperature, BPNtFor the pendulum value measured during t DEG C of pavement temperature, Δ
BPN is temperature corrected value, by the value of table 2, when test temperature is in the medium temperature in table, is repaiied using interpolation method temperature
On the occasion of；
(4) surface friction coefficient is calculated, formula is：Surface friction coefficient=BPN20/100。
Due to using above-mentioned technical proposal, beneficial effect of the present invention：The present invention is by proposing plane circular curve radius, indulging
The gradient, longitudinal slope length, radius of vertical curve, width of roadway, lane width, transverse slope, driving sight distance, clear height/clear span and road surface are rubbed
Wipe ten road parameters such as coefficient and include traffic accident road status data collection category, and provide the measure collection of each parameter
Method, the systems approach in terms of can filling up in current scene of a traffic accident data acquisition about condition of road surface, is a line traffic police
Department's collection road related data provides the guidance of methodology, so as to promote that more comprehensively the accident origin cause of formation is analyzed, enters
And promote the improvement of road traffic safety situation.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the acquisition method System Framework schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the road plane circular curve sighting distance test schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the crest curve sighting distance test schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the concave curve sighting distance test schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the longitudinal gradient section section headroom amendment schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, but the present invention can be defined by the claims
Implement with the multitude of different ways of covering.
Such as Fig. 1 and with reference to shown in Fig. 2 to Fig. 5, a kind of traffic accident road status data acquisition method, its method and step
For：Step 1：One section of detection section for being not less than 300m is determined according to the feature of traffic accident；Step 2：Check what is used
Instrument, and instrument has been debugged according to correct operating method, prepare data acquisition；Step 3：Using different acquisition means, divide
Cai Ji not the related condition of road surface characteristic parameter of traffic accident；Step 4：Gathered data is handled, with country and industry phase
Close codes and standards requirement to be contrasted, the analysis accident origin cause of formation associates with Road Factor.
The traffic accident road status data acquisition method framework of table 1
Wherein gathered data classification includes road plane, profile of road, driving sight distance, road clearance, pavement friction system
Six aspects such as number.
Wherein gathered data parameter include plane circular curve radius, top rake, longitudinal slope length, radius of vertical curve, width of roadway,
Lane width, transverse slope, driving sight distance, clear height/clear span and surface friction coefficient.
1. plane circular curve radius acquisition method
(1) in the road on heart line select circular curve intermediate point and both sides spacing similar in 2 points of (totally three points) conducts
Measuring point (to avoid the indivedual measuring points for being strayed into influence, circular curve both ends should being given up of easement curve or straight line measuring point)；
(2) plane coordinates (x of three measuring points is determined with total powerstation1,y1)、(x2,y2)、(x3,y3)；
(3) a circle principle is determined using 3 points, calculates single circle central coordinate of circle (x0,y0), formula is：
(4) select measuring point on the circular curve of heart line again in the road, calculate the circle for determining other m-1 Dan Yuan after testing
The heart (xoi,yoi)；
(5) all Dan Yuan mean circle-center is determined using center of gravity formulaFormula is：
In formula, (x0i,y0i) be i-th of circle central coordinate of circle；M is the number of combinations of all any three points in measuring point, i.e.,N is measuring point number, and n >=3.
(6) Circular curve fitting radius R is calculated, formula is：
2. top rake acquisition method
(1) multiple points are selected on flat slope section road axis and are used as measuring point；
(2) coordinate (x, y, H) of each measuring point is determined with total powerstation；
(3) according to each measuring pointData, linear regression fitting is carried out with least square method, fitting is straight
The slope of line is that (during fitting, coefficient correlation must not be less than 0.9 to road longitudinal grade degree, 0.1%) top rake is accurate to.
3. longitudinal slope length of grade acquisition method
(1) fitting a straight line of detection slope section and its front and rear adjacent slope section is determined；
(2) slope section fitting a straight line extension will be detected, intersects to obtain two intersection points with its front and rear adjacent slope section fitting a straight line, two
Horizontal range between intersection point is to detect slope section length of grade (being accurate to 0.01m).
4. radius of vertical curve acquisition method
(1) in the road on heart line select vertical curve intermediate point and both sides spacing similar in 2 points of (totally three points) conducts
Measuring point (is strayed into influence, should give up indivedual measuring points at vertical curve both ends) for flat slope straight line measuring point；
(2) plane coordinates (x of three measuring points is determined with total powerstation1,y1, H1)、(x2,y2, H2)、(x3,y3, H3), during measurement
Relative coordinate system can be used；
(3) a circle principle is determined using 3 points, calculates single circle central coordinate of circle (X0,H0), formula is：
Select measuring point on the vertical curve of heart line again in the road, calculate the center of circle for determining other m-1 Dan Yuan after testing
(X0i,H0i)；
(5) all Dan Yuan mean circle-center is determined using center of gravity formulaFormula is：
In formula, (X0i,H0i) be i-th of circle central coordinate of circle；M is the number of combinations of all any three points in measuring point, i.e.,N is measuring point number, and n >=3.
(6) vertical curve fit radius R is calculated, formula is：
5. width of roadway acquisition method
(1) steel ruler or total powerstation are used, along the vertical direction of center line of road, level measures the width of road surface each several part；
(2) when measuring, steel ruler answers keep level, steel ruler must not be close into road surface and measured, and must not use tape measure；
(3) to highway and Class I highway, city expressway, it is accurate to 0.005m；To other standard highways, city master
Main line, secondary distributor road and branch road, are accurate to 0.01m.
6. lane width acquisition method
(1) steel ruler or total powerstation are used, along the vertical direction of center line of road, level measures the width between pavement strip and graticule
Degree；
(2) when measuring, steel ruler answers keep level, steel ruler must not be close into road surface and measured, and must not use tape measure；
(3) width of road middle lane is the intermarginal width of pavement strip inner edge and two adjacent graticule half-breadth sums；Edge
Lane width is pavement strip inward flange to kerb inward flange width and graticule half-breadth sum；
(4) to highway and Class I highway, city expressway, it is accurate to 0.005m；To other standard highways, city master
Main line, secondary distributor road and branch road, are accurate to 0.01m.
7. superelevation slope acquisition method
(1) test section is chosen in the centre portion of plane circular curve；
(2) to there is the road surface of median strip, spirit level or total powerstation are erected at the smooth-going of road surface, and Sopwith staff is erected at respectively
Road surface and the curb belt edge d of median strip boundary1Place and road surface and curb boundary (or outside kerbstone edge) d2Place, d1
With d2Measuring point necessarily be in same cross section at two, measure d1Place and d2The elevation at place, is accurate to 0.001m；
(3) road surface without median strip, spirit level or total powerstation are erected at the smooth-going of road surface, Sopwith staff is erected at respectively
Road surface both sides and the boundary position d of curb1、d2Place, d1With d2Measuring point necessarily be in same cross section at two, measure d1Place and d2Place
Elevation, be accurate to 0.001m；
(4) d is measured with steel ruler or total powerstation1With d2Horizontal range at two between measuring point, it is public to highway and one-level
Road, city expressway, are accurate to 0.005m；To other standard highways, city thoroughfare, secondary distributor road and branch road, it is accurate to
0.01m；
(5) d is used1With d2The horizontal range that the difference of elevation at two is at two is to detect the superelevation horizontal slope of section, accurately
To 0.1%；
(6) when the cross section irregularity in curved road surface superelevation section, 2~3 measuring points should be increased on cross section, according to
Measuring point data is fitted superelevation horizontal slope.
8. driving sight distance acquisition method
(1) road plane driving sight distance should be directed to curve inner side track and carry out, as shown in Figure 1；
(2) road is indulged face sighting distance and should carried out respectively for crest curve and concave curve, as shown in Figures 2 and 3；
(3) along test lane center, total powerstation is set up, the high 1.2m of total powerstation, high 0.1m objects are put along direction of traffic,
By closely to the position for far moving the object on lane center, untill total powerstation is just seen at the top of the object, at this
Object position performs mark；
(4) total powerstation is measured to the distance of mark, as sighting distance length along lane center with steel ruler, be accurate to
0.1m；
(5) repetition measures the sighting distance of a number of other positions, takes driving sight distance of the wherein minimum sighting distance as detection section.
9. road clear height/clear span acquisition method
(1) road clear height/clear span data acquisition, which should be directed to, single outstanding mark, double outstanding marks, door frame cross over-line bridge, cross-line
Bridge, electric pole, cable etc. may cause the section of road clearance deficiency to carry out；
(2) steel ruler, total powerstation or laser range finder are used, each profile point of cross-section is detected one by one, is accurate to 0.01m；
(3) road clear height/clear span detection should be directed to least favorable section and carry out；
(4) when detection section is in longitudinal gradient section, longitudinal slope amendment should be carried out to measured profile headroom, actual measurement headroom is broken
Correct to cross-section is designed, as shown in Figure 4 in face.
10. surface friction coefficient acquisition method
(1) 1 (or multiple) are selected on the wheel path of the driving lane in detection section at random and put position as test point,
And made a mark with chalk；
(2) 5 operations are carried out to each measuring point with pendulum friction coefficient determinator, record the pavement skid resistance pendulum operated every time
Value BPN, the BPN values averaged as each measuring point；
(3) when pavement temperature is non-20 DEG C, temperature adjustmemt need to be carried out to BPN values, formula is：
BPN20=BPNt+ΔBPN
In formula：BPN20To be converted into the pendulum value of 20 DEG C of normal temperature, BPNtFor the pendulum value measured during t DEG C of pavement temperature, Δ
BPN is temperature corrected value, by the value of table 2, when test temperature is in the medium temperature in table, is repaiied using interpolation method temperature
On the occasion of.
The temperature corrected value of table 2
(4) surface friction coefficient is calculated, formula is：
Surface friction coefficient=BPN20/100。
The present invention is by proposing plane circular curve radius, top rake, longitudinal slope length, radius of vertical curve, width of roadway, track
Ten road parameters such as width, transverse slope, sighting distance, clear height/clear span and surface friction coefficient include traffic accident road situation
Data acquisition category, and the measure acquisition method of each parameter is provided, it can fill up in current scene of a traffic accident data acquisition
Systems approach in terms of about condition of road surface, the guidance of methodology is provided for line traffic collection road related data, from
And promote more comprehensively to analyze the accident origin cause of formation, and then promote the improvement of road traffic safety situation.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, every utilization
The equivalent structure or equivalent flow conversion that description of the invention and accompanying drawing content are made, or directly or indirectly it is used in other correlations
Technical field, be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. traffic accident road status data acquisition method, it is characterised in that：Its method and step is：Step 1：According to friendship The feature of interpreter's event determines one section of detection section for being not less than 300m；Step 2：The instrument to be used is checked, and instrument has been debugged according to correct operating method, prepares data acquisition；Step 3：Using different acquisition means, the related condition of road surface characteristic parameter of traffic accident is gathered respectively；Step 4：Gathered data is handled, contrasted with the requirement of highway layout standard, the analysis accident origin cause of formation and road because The association of element.
- A kind of 2. traffic accident road status data acquisition method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Wherein gather Data category includes six road plane, profile of road, road Cross Section, sighting distance, road clearance and surface friction coefficient sides Face.
- A kind of 3. traffic accident road status data acquisition method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Wherein gather Data parameters include plane circular curve radius, top rake, longitudinal slope length, radius of vertical curve, width of roadway, lane width, transverse slope, Driving sight distance, clear height/clear span and surface friction coefficient.
- A kind of 4. traffic accident road status data acquisition method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Its midplane The step of circular curve radius acquisition method is：(1) in the road on heart line select circular curve intermediate point and both sides spacing similar in 2 points be used as measuring point；(2) plane coordinates (x of three measuring points is determined with total powerstation1,y1)、(x2,y2)、(x3,y3)；(3) a circle principle is determined using 3 points, calculates single circle central coordinate of circle (x0,y0), formula is：<mrow> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mn>3</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo>&lsqb;</mo> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>&rsqb;</mo> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow><mrow> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>y</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>y</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>y</mi> <mn>3</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo>&lsqb;</mo> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>&rsqb;</mo> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow>(4) select measuring point on the circular curve of heart line again in the road, calculate the center of circle for determining other m-1 Dan Yuan after testing (xoi,yoi)；(5) all Dan Yuan mean circle-center is determined using center of gravity formulaFormula is：<mrow> <mover> <mi>x</mi> <mo>&OverBar;</mo> </mover> <mo>=</mo> <munderover> <mo>&Sigma;</mo> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mi>m</mi> </munderover> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mrow> <mn>0</mn> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>/</mo> <mi>m</mi> </mrow><mrow> <mover> <mi>y</mi> <mo>&OverBar;</mo> </mover> <mo>=</mo> <munderover> <mo>&Sigma;</mo> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mi>m</mi> </munderover> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <mrow> <mn>0</mn> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>/</mo> <mi>m</mi> </mrow>In formula, (x0i,y0i) be i-th of circle central coordinate of circle；M is the number of combinations of all any three points in measuring point, i.e.,n It is measuring point number, and n >=3；(6) Circular curve fitting radius R is calculated, formula is：<mrow> <mi>R</mi> <mo>=</mo> <munderover> <mo>&Sigma;</mo> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mi>n</mi> </munderover> <msqrt> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <mover> <mi>x</mi> <mo>&OverBar;</mo> </mover> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <mover> <mi>y</mi> <mo>&OverBar;</mo> </mover> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </msqrt> <mo>/</mo> <mi>n</mi> </mrow>
- A kind of 5. traffic accident road status data acquisition method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Wherein longitudinal slope Spend and be with the step of longitudinal slope length of grade acquisition method：(1) multiple points are selected on flat slope section road axis and are used as measuring point；(2) coordinate (x, y, H) of each measuring point is determined with total powerstation；(3) according to each measuring pointData, linear regression fitting is carried out with least square method, fitting a straight line Slope is road longitudinal grade degree.(4) fitting a straight line of detection slope section and its front and rear adjacent slope section is determined；(5) slope section fitting a straight line extension will be detected, intersects to obtain two intersection points, two intersection points with its front and rear adjacent slope section fitting a straight line Between horizontal range be detect slope section length of grade.
- A kind of 6. traffic accident road status data acquisition method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Wherein perpendicular song The step of line radius acquisition method is：(1) in the road on heart line select vertical curve intermediate point and both sides spacing similar in 2 points be used as measuring point；(2) plane coordinates (x of three measuring points is determined with total powerstation1,y1, H1)、(x2,y2, H2)、(x3,y3, H3), it can adopt during measurement With relative coordinate system；(3) a circle principle is determined using 3 points, calculates single circle central coordinate of circle (X0,H0), formula is：<mrow> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>y</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>)</mo> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mo>(</mo> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>y</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>)</mo> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mo>(</mo> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mn>3</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>y</mi> <mn>3</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>)</mo> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo>&lsqb;</mo> <msqrt> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>y</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> </mrow> </msqrt> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msqrt> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>y</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> </mrow> </msqrt> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msqrt> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mn>3</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>y</mi> <mn>3</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> </mrow> </msqrt> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>&rsqb;</mo> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow><mrow> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>H</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msqrt> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mn>3</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>y</mi> <mn>3</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> </mrow> </msqrt> <mo>-</mo> <msqrt> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>y</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> </mrow> </msqrt> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>H</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msqrt> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>y</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> </mrow> </msqrt> <mo>-</mo> <msqrt> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mn>3</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>y</mi> <mn>3</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> </mrow> </msqrt> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>H</mi> <mn>3</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msqrt> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>y</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> </mrow> </msqrt> <mo>-</mo> <msqrt> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>y</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> </mrow> </msqrt> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msqrt> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mn>3</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>y</mi> <mn>3</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> </mrow> </msqrt> <mo>-</mo> <msqrt> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>y</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> </mrow> </msqrt> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msqrt> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>y</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> </mrow> </msqrt> <mo>-</mo> <msqrt> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>y</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> </mrow> </msqrt> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msqrt> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>y</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> </mrow> </msqrt> <mo>-</mo> <msqrt> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mn>3</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>y</mi> <mn>3</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> </mrow> </msqrt> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mrow> <mo>&lsqb;</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msqrt> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mn>3</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>y</mi> <mn>3</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> </mrow> </msqrt> <mo>-</mo> <msqrt> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>y</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> </mrow> </msqrt> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msqrt> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>y</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> </mrow> </msqrt> <mo>-</mo> <msqrt> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mn>3</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>y</mi> <mn>3</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> </mrow> </msqrt> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msqrt> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>y</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> </mrow> </msqrt> <mo>-</mo> <msqrt> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>y</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> </mrow> </msqrt> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>&rsqb;</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow>Select measuring point on the vertical curve of heart line again in the road, calculate the center of circle (X for determining other m-1 Dan Yuan after testing0i, H0i)；(5) all Dan Yuan mean circle-center is determined using center of gravity formulaFormula is：<mrow> <mover> <mi>X</mi> <mo>&OverBar;</mo> </mover> <mo>=</mo> <munderover> <mo>&Sigma;</mo> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mi>m</mi> </munderover> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mrow> <mn>0</mn> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>/</mo> <mi>m</mi> </mrow><mrow> <mover> <mi>H</mi> <mo>&OverBar;</mo> </mover> <mo>=</mo> <munderover> <mo>&Sigma;</mo> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mi>m</mi> </munderover> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mrow> <mn>0</mn> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>/</mo> <mi>m</mi> </mrow>In formula, (X0i,H0i) be i-th of circle central coordinate of circle；M is the number of combinations of all any three points in measuring point, i.e., N is measuring point number, and n >=3；(6) vertical curve fit radius R is calculated, formula is：<mrow> <mi>R</mi> <mo>=</mo> <munderover> <mo>&Sigma;</mo> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mi>n</mi> </munderover> <msqrt> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <mover> <mi>X</mi> <mo>&OverBar;</mo> </mover> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <mover> <mi>H</mi> <mo>&OverBar;</mo> </mover> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </msqrt> <mo>/</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mo>.</mo> </mrow>
- A kind of 7. traffic accident road status data acquisition method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Wherein road surface The step of width and lane width acquisition method is：(1) steel ruler or total powerstation are used, along the vertical direction of center line of road, level measures the width of road surface each several part；(2) steel ruler or total powerstation are used, along the vertical direction of center line of road, level measures the width between pavement strip and graticule；(3) width of road middle lane is the intermarginal width of pavement strip inner edge and two adjacent graticule half-breadth sums；Edge track Width is pavement strip inward flange to kerb inward flange width and graticule half-breadth sum；(4) steel ruler answers keep level when measuring, and steel ruler must not be close into road surface and measured, and must not use tape measure；(5) to highway and Class I highway, city expressway, it is accurate to 0.005m；To other standard highways, city trunk Road, secondary distributor road and branch road, are accurate to 0.01m；Wherein superelevation slope acquisition method the step of be：(1) test section is chosen in the centre portion of plane circular curve；(2) to there is the road surface of median strip, spirit level or total powerstation are erected at the smooth-going of road surface, and Sopwith staff is erected at road surface respectively With the curb belt edge d of median strip boundary1Place and road surface and curb boundary d2Place, d1With d2Measuring point necessarily be in together at two One cross section, measure d1Place and d2The elevation at place, is accurate to 0.001m；(3) road surface without median strip, spirit level or total powerstation are erected at the smooth-going of road surface, Sopwith staff is erected at road surface respectively Both sides and the boundary position d of curb1、d2Place, d1With d2Measuring point necessarily be in same cross section at two, measure d1Place and d2The height at place Journey, it is accurate to 0.001m；(4) d is measured with steel ruler or total powerstation1With d2Horizontal range at two between measuring point, to highway and Class I highway, city City through street, is accurate to 0.005m；To other standard highways, city thoroughfare, secondary distributor road and branch road, 0.01m is accurate to；(5) d is used1With d2The horizontal range that the difference of elevation at two is at two is to detect the superelevation horizontal slope of section, is accurate to 0.1%；(6) when the cross section irregularity in curved road surface superelevation section, 2~3 measuring points should be increased on cross section, according to measuring point Data are fitted superelevation horizontal slope.
- A kind of 8. traffic accident road status data acquisition method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Its middle rolling car The step of sighting distance acquisition method is：(1) road plane driving sight distance should be directed to curve inner side track and carry out；(2) road is indulged face sighting distance and should carried out respectively for crest curve and concave curve；(3) along test lane center, total powerstation is set up, the high 1.2m of total powerstation, high 0.1m objects are put along direction of traffic, in car By closely to the position for far moving the object on road center line, untill total powerstation is just seen at the top of the object, in the object Position performs mark；(4) total powerstation is measured to the distance of mark, as sighting distance length along lane center with steel ruler, be accurate to 0.1m；(5) repetition measures the sighting distance of a number of other positions, takes driving sight distance of the wherein minimum sighting distance as detection section.
- A kind of 9. traffic accident road status data acquisition method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Wherein road The step of clear height/clear span acquisition method is：(1) road clear height/clear span data acquisition, which should be directed to, single outstanding mark, double outstanding marks, door frame cross over-line bridge, overbridge, electricity Bar, cable etc. may cause the section of road clearance deficiency to carry out；(2) steel ruler, total powerstation or laser range finder are used, each profile point of cross-section is detected one by one, is accurate to 0.01m；(3) road clear height/clear span detection should be directed to least favorable section and carry out；(4) when detection section is in longitudinal gradient section, longitudinal slope amendment should be carried out to measured profile headroom, actual measurement cross-section is repaiied Just to design cross-section.
- A kind of 10. traffic accident road status data acquisition method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Its Road The step of face coefficient of friction acquisition method is：(1) 1 point position is selected on the wheel path of the driving lane in detection section at random to make as test point, and with chalk Mark；(2) 5 operations are carried out to each measuring point with pendulum friction coefficient determinator, record the pavement skid resistance pendulum value operated every time BPN, the BPN values averaged as each measuring point；(3) when pavement temperature is non-20 DEG C, temperature adjustmemt need to be carried out to BPN values, formula is：BPN20=BPNt+ΔBPNIn formula：BPN20To be converted into the pendulum value of 20 DEG C of normal temperature, BPNtFor the pendulum value measured during t DEG C of pavement temperature, Δ BPN is Temperature corrected value, by the value of table 2, when test temperature is in the medium temperature in table, using interpolation method temperature correction value；(4) surface friction coefficient is calculated, formula is：Surface friction coefficient=BPN20/100。
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