CN1078803A - Computerized online viscosimeter - Google Patents
Computerized online viscosimeter Download PDFInfo
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- CN1078803A CN1078803A CN 92103484 CN92103484A CN1078803A CN 1078803 A CN1078803 A CN 1078803A CN 92103484 CN92103484 CN 92103484 CN 92103484 A CN92103484 A CN 92103484A CN 1078803 A CN1078803 A CN 1078803A
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- circuit
- microcomputer
- photoelectricity
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Abstract
The invention belongs to a kind of device of measuring viscosity or concentration; it is formed, and is provided with resetting system and circuit breaking protective system by sensitive element 1, mechanical link 2, photoelectricity indexing sensor 3, motor and gear train 4, testing circuit 5, microcomputer and interface circuit 6 thereof, the approximant FEEDBACK CONTROL link 7 of variable slope.Compared with prior art, the present invention has functions such as gamma correction, environmental impact compensation, parameter self-tuning.
Description
The invention belongs to a kind of device of measuring viscosity.Because there are relation one to one in the concentration of liquid-solid two-phase fluid and its viscosity, thereby the present invention also can be used for measuring concentration.
At present, in the viscosity or concentration on-line measurement device of making according to the shear stress principle, mainly contain swing type, outward turning is rotatable and interior rotary three kinds.Swing type is to utilize the relation between swing characteristic and the viscous damping to measure viscosity or concentration, outward turning is rotatable then to be to utilize load characteristic between motor speed and the loading moment to concern to measure viscosity or concentration, these two kinds of instrument that all belong to open loop structure, stability is poor, is subject to the influence of power-supply fluctuation and change in flow.It is interior rotary being known as state-of-the-art at present in the world, wherein the MEK-2000 type consistency transmitter of producing with Sweden Eur-Control company is representative, it is made of sensitive element, mechanical link, photoelectricity indexing sensor, motor and gear train and secondary instrument, the instrument that belongs to closed loop configuration, adopt the moment-equilibrium equation structure, have very high sensitivity and well stable.But because this device still belongs to analog, data-handling capacity is poor, and function is less, and operation is convenient inadequately, can't contact directly with the microcomputer of control and management.
The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art and a kind of viscosity and apparatus for measuring concentration that has functions such as gamma correction, environmental impact compensation, parameter self-tuning and constitute digital servosystem is provided.
Purpose of the present invention can reach by following measure: the secondary instrument that is made of testing circuit, microcomputer and interface circuit thereof and the approximant feedback control system of variable slope is set on the basis of interior rotary device for measuring viscosity.Testing circuit mainly is made up of triode, photoelectrical coupler, combinational logic circuit etc., the phase differential that it measures the photoelectricity indexing sensor converts proportional number of pulses of the time interval therewith to, microcomputer and interface circuit thereof detect this number of pulses, and judge balanced controls balance whether in the mechanical link, if it is uneven, then feedback control system reaches new balance by the approximant FEEDBACK CONTROL rule control of variable slope balanced controls, thereby measures the numerical value of viscosity or concentration.
Purpose of the present invention can also reach by following measure: in above-mentioned microcomputer and interface circuit thereof circuit breaking protective system is set; three control ends that this system controls common CMOSRAM by a slice three-state buffer constitute, and it can guarantee that the data of being stored are unlikely and lose under the situation of microcomputer sudden power.
Solution of the present invention can further illustrate with the following example and accompanying drawing thereof.
Fig. 1 is a system architecture diagram of the present invention; Fig. 2 is the Sensor section structural representation among the present invention; Fig. 3 circuit diagram partly that is connected for the testing circuit among the present invention 5 and with photoelectricity indexing sensor 3; Fig. 4 changes each signal waveforms for phase differential of the present invention; Fig. 5 is conventional phase difference change-over circuit figure; Fig. 6 is the reset circuit figure among the present invention, and Fig. 7 is the power-off protecting circuit figure among the present invention, and Fig. 8 is the approximant feedback control algorithm synoptic diagram of variable slope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is made of sensitive element 1, mechanical link 2, photoelectricity indexing sensor 3, motor and gear train 4, testing circuit 5, microcomputer and interface circuit 6 thereof and feedback element 7.Wherein sensitive element 1, mechanical link 2, photoelectricity indexing sensor 3 and motor and gear train 4 are formed Sensor section of the present invention, and its structural representation as shown in Figure 2; And testing circuit 5, microcomputer and interface circuit 6 thereof and feedback element 7 constitute secondary instrument part of the present invention.
According to the shear stress principle, sensitive element 1 according to different viscosity or concentration, produces different shearing moments doing in the relative motion process with liquid-solid two-phase fluid; This shearing moment with compare from the feedback moment in the feedback element 7, thereby make the balanced controls 8 in the mechanical link 2 produce relative angular displacements, these balanced controls 8 be the empty cross-compound arrangement that overlaps; Photoelectricity indexing sensor 3 converts this angular displacement to phase differential; Testing circuit 5 converts this phase differential to proportional number of pulses of the time interval therewith; Microcomputer and interface circuit 6 thereof can collect this pulse signal, and according to this signal situation of change, control the power amplifier in its output interface and produce suitable feedback current by the approximant feedback rule of variable slope, and then calculate and demonstrate concentration, viscosity number, also transmit viscosity, concentration data to other device and upper machine communication at any time simultaneously, show outputting standard current signal (0～10mA or 4～20mA); Feedback element 7 will convert feedback moment to pari passu from the feedback current of power amplifier; Motor and gear train 4 are delivered to driving shaft with power, rotating speed from motor, make the rotation of balanced controls 8 constant speed, do the constant speed relative motion thereby drive sensitive element 1 with liquid-solid two-phase fluid.
In Fig. 3, remove UD
1, UT
1, R
1And R
2Remainder in addition constitutes the testing circuit among the present invention.P
1Be the Signal Spacing transmission photoelectrical coupler of sensor, as signal process P to secondary instrument
1Have only the contact of light during transmission and do not have electric contact (not altogether), thereby improved the anti-common mode interference ability of secondary instrument.P
1The UD on the left side
1, UT
1Form the photoelectricity indexing sensor together with index plate and be connected with sensor, its square-wave signal converts the transmission current signal to after shaping, by photoelectrical coupler P
1Enter secondary instrument.R
1Light emitting diode UD for optoelectronic switch
1Current-limiting resistance, determine light emitting diode UD by it
1The working point, its value is generally about 330 Ω.R
2Phototriode UT for optoelectronic switch
1Pull-up resistor, it can change electro optic modulator circulation into voltage.R
2Value unsuitable excessive, otherwise will diminish the frequency characteristic of optoelectronic switch, get R here
2Be 5.1k Ω.R
3With C
1Constitute R-C coupling, it is with R
2On AC voltages transmission to comparer U
1In-phase input end, thereby play the stopping direct current effect.Because C
1The effect that discharges and recharges, comparer U
1In-phase input end obtains ac voltage signal, as phototriode UT
1When ending, the voltage of in-phase input end is for negative, thereby zero-crossing comparator (reverse inter-input-ing ending grounding) can reliably working.R
4Effect be the comparer U that makes OC output
1Can output export the square-wave signal of homophase, thereby reach the purpose of shaping, the permanent width of cloth with optoelectronic switch.T
1Be power discharging transistor, R
6Be its biasing resistor, R
5Be its collector load (current limliting) resistance, they constitute the power amplifier level, carry out impedance conversion, improve the electric current fan-out capability, so that this square-wave signal is carried out teletransmission.C
2Be the power supply coupling capacitor device.P
1In the circuit of the right, comparer U
2, phototriode pull-up resistor R
7, R
8, R
9And capacitor C
3, C
4The situation that is provided with respectively with P
1The comparer U on the left side
1, pull-up resistor R
2, R
3, R
4And capacitor C
1, C
2That situation is set is similar.
Change the requirement of scope and instrument according to the phase differential of the two-way square-wave signal that enters secondary instrument to phase difference detection, the present invention adopts time interval converter technique measure phase difference, the phase differential that is about to two paths of signals converts pulse width signal to, use the time interval of this pulsewidth again as sample count, phase differential is promptly converted to digital quantity linearly, reaches very high resolution.U among Fig. 3
3, U
4And U
5Constitute combinational logic circuit and carry out the phase differential conversion, be loaded with the same frequency square-wave signal of phase information by A, the input of B two ends, by Φ end input counting clock signal, then output of L' end and the proportional counting pulse signal of phase differential, its each signal waveforms is as shown in Figure 4.Fig. 5 is traditional phase differential change-over circuit, because the differentiating circuit of high pass characteristic is arranged, is interfered easily; , two differentiated pulses less when phase differential have when overlapping, and nondeterministic statement will appear in trigger.The present invention has then overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned traditional circuit fully.
Secondary instrument of the present invention is is core with the microcomputer, be the circuit network of draw bail with the bus, the reliability of its work is extremely important.In order to guarantee that under situation about repeatedly powering on instrument can operate as normal, specialized designs reset circuit and power-off protecting circuit.Among Fig. 6, DW
1Be Zener diode regulator, the voltage stabilizing value is 2 volts.When powering on, before working power voltage does not reach 4.7V, and after when outage, supply voltage was lower than 4.7V, since the effect of voltage stabilizing diode, comparer U
1Inverting input voltage will be higher than in-phase input end voltage, comparer U
1Output low level, capacitor C
2On electric charge discharge by the comparer output stage.So comparer U
2Inverting input voltage ratio in-phase input end voltage height, comparer U
2Output low level is through phase inverter U
3, U
4After become reset signal (being adapted to microcomputers such as Z80, MCS8098).K is the hand-reset key, when K is closed, and capacitor C
2On electric charge pass through resistance R
5Very fast release; After K disconnected, power supply was by pull-up resistor R
4To C
2Charging (comparer U at this moment
1Output be the open collector state in the OC state), to capacitor C
2Last voltage is higher than U
2End of oppisite phase voltage the time, comparer U
2Output voltage uprises, and end resets.Among the figure, R
1Value be about 470 Ω, to determine DW
1Working current; R
2And R
3The ratio of numerical value need be according to DW
1The actual adjustment of voltage stabilizing value determine, reach comparer upset after the 4.7V to guarantee supply voltage.
Among Fig. 7,6116 is the CMOSSRAM chip, and power consumption is very low, and when supply voltage fluctuateed between 2～6 volts, institute's deposit data was constant.Back-up source (4.5V) that lithium battery forms and microcomputer working power are added to 6116 V end by two diode-isolated.6116 sheet choosing end (CS), read (OE) and write (WE) end and all be connected with the control of microcomputer signal by three-state buffer, the control end of three-state buffer directly connects computer power.Supply voltage just often, three-state buffer is opened, control signal directly is added to 6116 respective end, control memory reading and writing; (be lower than 4.7V) when supply voltage is undesired, reset circuit produces reset signal, and microcomputer is in reset mode, has blocked control signal, and the data in the memory can not change.After the microcomputer outage, three-state buffer is high-impedance state, and (the three-state buffer control signal is that height is then opened, then turn-off for low), back-up source produces a high level and acts on 6116 read-write control end after resistance and triple gate dividing potential drop, make 6116 can not produce any read-write operation, the data of being preserved do not change.The present invention reaches continuous outage 1 year and effect that data are not still lost.
In analog closed loop instrument, generally adopt the rule of PID to carry out feedback compensation; In digital closed loop instrument, also the way of available digital PID is carried out feedback compensation.But all there is the problem of transient process overshoot in they, when the system damping of instrument hour, the vibration of certain amplitude also will appear in instrument, be unfavorable for the use of instrument and the raising of performance.The approximant feedback control algorithm of variable slope that the present invention adopts is the approximant correction rule of a kind of dullness, and the paces that approach size is adjusted automatically according to the state of instrument fully.Among Fig. 8, when phase differential greater than △
1The time, the digital quantity of feedback once increases (or minimizing) 3; When phase differential less than △
1And greater than △
2The time, the digital quantity of feedback once increases (or minimizing) 2; When phase differential less than △
2After, then a step only increases (or minimizing) 1; When phase differential is reverse, then prolong a beat, be about to velocity of approch and slow down once more, approach phase differential less than ε (can set) always, system enters steady state (SS).This algorithm belongs to the concrete application that becomes power integration Principles of Regulation, and is better than the way of approaching by turn.Carry out the feedback compensation of instrument with this algorithm, overshoot is little, owing to be that dullness is approached, instrument is sure stable, need not parameter setting, and the size of adjusting the ε value can change the sensitivity of instrument.Certainly, realize that this algorithm must utilize the memory capability of microcomputer and comparison and the judgement that the arithmetic logical operation ability is carried out phase differential, thereby have only the intelligence instrument of built-in microcomputer to realize.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of online device for measuring viscosity, it is made up of sensitive element 1, mechanical link 2, photoelectricity indexing sensor 3, motor and gear train 4, and it is characterized in that: it also comprises
A) testing circuit 5 that constitutes by triode, photoelectrical coupler, combinational logic circuit etc., the phase differential that it measures photoelectricity indexing sensor 3 converts proportional number of pulses of the time interval therewith to,
B) microcomputer and interface circuit 6 thereof, it detects the number of pulses of self-detection circuit 5, and judges balanced controls 8 balance whether in the mechanical link 2,
C) the approximant FEEDBACK CONTROL link 7 of variable slope when balanced controls 8 imbalances, reaches new balance by the approximant FEEDBACK CONTROL rule control of variable slope balanced controls 8.
2, according to the online device for measuring viscosity described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: be provided with circuit breaking protective system in microcomputer and the interface circuit 6 thereof, three control ends that this system controls common CMOSRAM by a slice three-state buffer constitute.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN92103484A CN1036678C (en) | 1992-05-14 | 1992-05-14 | Computerized online viscosimeter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN92103484A CN1036678C (en) | 1992-05-14 | 1992-05-14 | Computerized online viscosimeter |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1078803A true CN1078803A (en) | 1993-11-24 |
| CN1036678C CN1036678C (en) | 1997-12-10 |
Family
ID=4940223
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN92103484A Expired - Fee Related CN1036678C (en) | 1992-05-14 | 1992-05-14 | Computerized online viscosimeter |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1036678C (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101839838A (en) * | 2010-05-21 | 2010-09-22 | 厦门派鼎自动化设备有限公司 | Resin viscosity on-line measurement system |
| CN102112861B (en) * | 2008-08-01 | 2013-09-25 | 马尔文仪器有限公司 | Rheometer control system |
| CN114199723A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-03-18 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Rheological property testing device under vibration action of fresh concrete and using method thereof |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101887001B (en) * | 2009-05-15 | 2011-11-30 | 澳思登科学仪器(上海)有限公司 | Method for correcting rotary digital display viscometer |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE461058B (en) * | 1987-09-04 | 1989-12-18 | Btg Kaelle Inventing Ab | DEVICE BY A VISCOSITY METER |
-
1992
- 1992-05-14 CN CN92103484A patent/CN1036678C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102112861B (en) * | 2008-08-01 | 2013-09-25 | 马尔文仪器有限公司 | Rheometer control system |
| CN101839838A (en) * | 2010-05-21 | 2010-09-22 | 厦门派鼎自动化设备有限公司 | Resin viscosity on-line measurement system |
| CN114199723A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-03-18 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Rheological property testing device under vibration action of fresh concrete and using method thereof |
| CN114199723B (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2023-11-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Rheological property testing device under vibration action of fresh concrete and application method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1036678C (en) | 1997-12-10 |
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C15 | Extension of patent right duration from 15 to 20 years for appl. with date before 31.12.1992 and still valid on 11.12.2001 (patent law change 1993) | ||
| OR01 | Other related matters | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |