CN107880287A - The plasticizing method of one plant fiber raw material - Google Patents
The plasticizing method of one plant fiber raw material Download PDFInfo
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- CN107880287A CN107880287A CN201711054620.3A CN201711054620A CN107880287A CN 107880287 A CN107880287 A CN 107880287A CN 201711054620 A CN201711054620 A CN 201711054620A CN 107880287 A CN107880287 A CN 107880287A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- plant fiber
- raw material
- inorganic acid
- fiber material
- plasticizing
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N HCl Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N HF Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000071 blow moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001175 rotational moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010074 rubber mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000930 thermomechanical Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229920001587 Wood-plastic composite Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000008104 plant cellulose Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011155 wood-plastic composite Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003856 thermoforming Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 30
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 29
- 235000021307 wheat Nutrition 0.000 description 29
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 27
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 12
- -1 sodium iron Chemical compound 0.000 description 10
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000001070 adhesive Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 7
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004698 Polyethylene (PE) Substances 0.000 description 5
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002521 Macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006640 acetylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000345998 Calamus manan Species 0.000 description 1
- NKWPZUCBCARRDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O NKWPZUCBCARRDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920000426 Microplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000219000 Populus Species 0.000 description 1
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ROZSPJBPUVWBHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ru]=O Chemical compound [Ru]=O ROZSPJBPUVWBHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005937 allylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005574 benzylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000020 calcium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007278 cyanoethylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001938 differential scanning calorimetry curve Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- TUCNEACPLKLKNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanone Chemical compound C[C]=O TUCNEACPLKLKNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000048 melt cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012950 rattan cane Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001925 ruthenium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/18—Plasticising macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
- C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2397/00—Characterised by the use of lignin-containing materials
- C08J2397/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
Abstract
The present invention relates to the plasticizing method of a plant fiber raw material.Belong to plant fiber material field of processing and application, provide a kind of new plant fiber material processing technology, so that wood plant fibrous raw material has thermoplasticity, inorganic acid is added in the plant fiber material crushed and is well mixed, is then sent to mixture in device of plasticating；Heat, plasticate, shear, obtain can reprocessabilty string base-material；The plasticizing method of this plant fiber raw material is used as plasticizer using inorganic acid, the extruding of machine, shear action are practiced by screw rod or modeling, reduce the plasticization temperature of plant cellulose material so that wood fibre can direct thermo forming also can be compound with high polymer material under 50 240 DEG C of temperature conditionss.Plant fiber material is effectively applied in plastics, wood plastic composite, weaving and timber processing and other fields, widen the application field of plant fiber material.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant fiber material field of processing and application, the plasticizing side of a plant fiber raw material is related generally to
Method.
Background technology
At present, non-renewable resources worsening shortages, energy crisis are on the rise, and biomass energy because its wide material sources,
The advantages that recyclability is strong, cheap as current international research focus.Wherein plant fiber material has become fossil
One ideal substitute of resource.
Wood plasdcizing, traditionally refer to by the means such as being esterified and being etherified, substitute the hydroxyl in timber with other functional groups
Base, to reduce the hydrogen bond between each composition, make the crystalline texture for combining decline, destroying cellulose between its molecule so that
Timber softens at a certain temperature, turns into thermoplastic.Timber after plasticizing, it can be added with the processing method of common plasticses
Work is molded, to substitute part oil product, or the manufacture for glue-free artificial board and wood plastic composite.Natural plant fibre
Raw material plasticizing was most proposed early in 1979 by funakoshi and Shiraishi et al., by chemical method, utilized its function
Property functional group's substitution or part substitution string in oh group above cellulose, hemicellulose etc., fibre can be weakened
The hydrogen bond action between plain macromolecular is tieed up, under can causing adhesion between cellulose and hemicellulose equimolecular significantly again
Drop.In addition, the crystalline texture of cellulose also due to modified and destroyed, finally enables natural plant fiber material to exist
Soften at certain temperature, melt, turn into thermoplastic new material.Natural plant fibre raw material plasticizing method includes at present
Cyanoethylation, acetylation, Benzylation, propionating, allylation, alkylation etc..It is developed so far, wood acetylation technology is real
Industrialized production is showed, many companies are engaged in commercially producing for acetylate wood, such as the DanAcell of Sweden and Denmark, Holland
Titan etc..Its shortcoming is that rate of body weight gain is relatively low, the sweetening agent after processing is difficult to be removed completely.
Chinese patent CN105073928A discloses hot melt and the pressure-sensitive adhesion of a kind of cellulose esters including height plasticizing
Agent and associated method and product, the cellulose esters of height plasticizing may be used as adhesive, including is laminated for producing
Body.Such as production layered product can include providing adhesive melt, it includes adhesive, and the adhesive includes cellulose esters and increasing
Agent is moulded, the amount shared by the plasticizer is the weight of about 30% weight-about 75% of the adhesive, and the adhesive melt is applied
Onto substrate, and cause adhesive melt cooling, to produce layered product on this substrate.But the patent is highly to mould
The cellulose esters of change is main body, and should to the plant fiber material containing lignin not specifically related to cellulose plasticizing method
Patent without reference to.
Chinese patent CN105778549A discloses a kind of sodium iron tartarate and glycerine shielding wood powder hydroxyl and prepares injection grade
The method of bio-based plastics, this method purpose are to provide for the life that a kind of technique is simple, production cost is low, easily realizes industrialization
The preparation method of material plastics.Take lignocellulose raw material to crush, then carry out ball milling to raw material with ball mill and obtain powder, during ball milling
Between be 4-15h.The wood fibre powder through ball milling pretreatment is added in the container for be formulated with alkaline iron tartaric sodium complex solution, through refrigerator
It is put into after 1-5 DEG C of low temperature swollen in the kneader that inner chamber temperature is 30-80 DEG C and mediates 3-6h, drying, which is made, has certain thermoplasticity
Initial sample, in initial sample add mass fraction be 5-40% glycerine, temperature be 50-140 DEG C, rotating speed 30-
5-60min is circulated under conditions of 110r/min in Twin screw extruder, then extrusion obtains the bio-based plastics of injection grade.Should
Invented technology is simple, and resource utilization is high, and obtained product has the advantages that mechanical property is good, green, biodegradable.
The patent is plant fiber material is possessed the performance of wood moulding using sodium iron tartarate and glycerine, but sodium iron tartarate and glycerine
Relative cost is higher, and the application that glycerine is not easy to solidify to future is unfavorable.
Chinese patent CN105504585A discloses a kind of Wood-plastic material, is produced and processed by the raw material of following weight proportion
Form：Waste polyvinyl chloride 20~40%, string 10~15%, calcium bicarbonate 15~25%, adhesive 2~7%, lubrication
Agent 3~6%, wood powder 2~30%, powder of straw 1~22%, polypropylene ester 2~10%, zirconium oxide 1~4%, ruthenium-oxide 2~6%,
The invention Wood-plastic material can a step machine-shaping, however, the Wood-plastic material is by adding other plasticity materials such as high molecule plastic
What material formed, dependence is plasticizing capacity caused by plastic macromolecule, does not carry out plasticizing modification in itself to wooden.
Chinese patent CN105694502A discloses a kind of Wood-plastic material, is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：Wood powder
30-40 parts, powder of straw 25-35 parts, rattan of plant powder 25-35 parts, paper powder 10-15 parts, old plastic pellet 10-15 parts, polypropylene 19-25
Part, polyvinyl chloride 19-25 parts, hardening agent 12-18 parts, filler 8-13 parts, adhesive 8-13 parts, the invention Wood-plastic material make
Simply, diversified raw material is made full use of, but the wooden plasticizing method used is still based on mixing plastic macromolecule, not to wood
Matter carries out plasticizing modification in itself.
The present invention is actively studied and innovated based on long-term practical experience and abundant professional knowledge, has invented one kind
Practice extruding, shearing and the plastication of machine by screw rod or modeling, reduce the glass transition temperature of plant fiber material so that wooden
The method that fiber can plastify machine-shaping in 50-240 DEG C of temperature.The method, enable plant fiber material multiple in plastics, wood moulding
Condensation material, weaving and timber processing and other fields are effectively applied, and have widened the application field of plant fiber material.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides one kind, and by mineral acid treatment plant fiber material plant fiber material to possess microplasticity right
Extrusion plant fiber material particle mixes what extrusion was further plastified with this to plant fiber material with polymeric particles afterwards
Method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) inorganic acid is crushed raw material with plant fiber material to be well mixed in high-speed mixer, string is made
Raw material and inorganic acid pre-composition；
(2) plant fiber material inorganic acid pre-composition is placed in device of plasticating, is kneaded under hot shearing and squeezing action,
Be made can thermoplastic shaping repeatedly string base-material；
(3) string base-material is placed in Granulation Equipments that prepare can the particle of thermoplastic shaping or plant is fine repeatedly
Wiki material thermomechanical processing in thermal forming device is molded.
Preferably, the plant fiber material described in step (1) includes wood fiber raw material, non-wood fibrous raw material, cotton
Bar and paper pulp, the plant fiber material are refined as 20-60 mesh powders.
Preferably, the inorganic acid described in step (2) is one in sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, sulfurous acid, hydrofluoric acid
Kind or more than one mixture.
Preferably, the mass ratio of purely inorganic acid and over dry plant fiber material is 1/99-50/50 described in step (2).
Preferably, device of being plasticated described in the step (3) has single screw rod plasticator, twin-screw plasticator, the modeling of three screw rods
Practice machine, its melting temperature is 60~240 DEG C；Opening rubber mixing machine and internal rubber mixer, its melting temperature are 50~180 DEG C.
Preferably, step (3) described Granulation Equipments includes Single screw extrusion comminutor and double-screw extruding pelletizing machine and three
Screw extruder pelletizer, pelletizing system include cold palletizing system and the fervent Force system of die face.Former is set including extrusion molding
Standby, injection forming equipment, apparatus for blow moulding, calendering formation equipment, foaming-shaping apparatus, device of rotomoulding forming, the granulation
And former temperature is set as 50~240 DEG C.
By above-described plant fiber material plasticizing method system can thermoplastic shaping repeatedly material.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are：
1st, the inventive method is advantageously in the utilization of plant fiber material.
2nd, inorganic acid cost used in the present invention is relatively low, meets actual production demand.
3rd, the inventive method is carried out in existing Equipment Foundations, without increasing other extra expensive equipments.
4th, the inventive method technique simple possible, cost is relatively low, green, belongs to environmentally friendly technology.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the hot pressing batten of the cellulose plastifying material prepared by embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is the hot pressing film of the cellulose plastifying material prepared by embodiment 3.
Fig. 3 is the DSC curve of the plant cellulose plastifying material prepared by embodiment 1,2.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, technical matters step, condition and material is embodied, to this hair
Technical scheme in bright embodiment is clearly and completely described.Obviously, described embodiment is only a present invention part
Embodiment, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not paying wound
The every other embodiment obtained under the premise of the property made work, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Plant fiber material in the present embodiment is poplar wheat No. 5, is derived from Jiangsu Province Gaochun County.Its content of cellulose is
44%, hemicellulose level 23%, content of lignin 22%.Lignocellulose raw material is broken up by pulper, air-dries, balance
Moisture, it is standby.Nylon (column chromatography), purchased from Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., Sinopharm Group.Granularity >=90%.Ethylene glycol (analysis
It is pure), purchased from Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., Sinopharm Group.Sulfuric acid (analysis pure), purchased from Nanjing Chemistry Reagent Co., Ltd., purity >=
98%.Maleic anhydride grafted high density polyethylene purity >=98%.Pure all to analyze purchased from other agents useful for same, directly purchase makes
With not being further purified.
Embodiment 1
The method that present embodiment inorganic acid plastifies plant fiber material, is followed the steps below：
1. taking 300g over dry wheat straws, sulfuric acid is uniformly dispersed among wheat straw with high-speed mixer, bright sulfur acid and over dry
The mass ratio of wheat straw is 5/100.
2. double screw extruder I, II, III, IV areas temperature is respectively set to 160 DEG C, 150 DEG C, 130 DEG C, 120 DEG C.
Mixture obtained by step 1 is kneaded in the double screw extruder for set temperature, you can obtains the plasticizing base-material of wheat straw；
3. step 2 gained base-material is added in national standard grinding tool, with vulcanizing press under 160 DEG C and 20Mpa of pressure it is hot
It is molded.Can obtain wheat straw content is 95wt% standard battens.Its mechanical property is as shown in table 1, with DSC differential thermal analyzers pair
Its melting temperature that base-material does heat analysis is about 135 DEG C.
Table 1
Embodiment 2
1. taking 300g over dry wheat straw, sulfuric acid is uniformly dispersed among wheat straw with high-speed mixer, the matter of bright sulfur acid
The ratio of amount and over dry wheat straw quality is 5/100.
2. double screw extruder I, II, III, IV areas temperature is respectively set to 160 DEG C, 150 DEG C, 130 DEG C, 120 DEG C.
Mixture obtained by step 1 is kneaded in the double screw extruder for set temperature, you can obtains the plasticizing base-material of wheat straw.
3. take the maleic anhydride modified polyethylene of 21.25g, 31.75g, 42.25g respectively with 75g, 65g, 55g step 2 obtained by
Plastifying material is well mixed, double screw extruder I, II, III, IV areas temperature be respectively set to 170 DEG C, 150 DEG C, 130 DEG C,
120℃.Mixture in the double screw extruder set mixing extrusion, you can obtain maleated polyethylene and wheat straw and mould
Change the composite of base-material.
4. a maleic anhydride modified polyethylene uses flat board with being added to after wheat straw plasticizing matrix composition material fragmentation in mould
Vulcanizer is in 160 DEG C and 20Mpa forming under the pressure.Obtained after cooling wheat straw content be respectively 75,65,55wt% batten.
Its mechanical property is as shown in table 2, and its melting temperature for making heat analysis to composite of differential thermal analyzer is respectively 115-125
℃。
Table 2
Embodiment 3
1. taking 300g over dry wheat straw, sulfuric acid is uniformly dispersed among wheat straw with high-speed mixer, the matter of bright sulfur acid
The ratio of amount and over dry wheat straw quality is 5/100.
2. double screw extruder I, II, III, IV areas temperature is respectively set to 160 DEG C, 150 DEG C, 130 DEG C, 120 DEG C.
Mixture obtained by step 1 is kneaded in the double screw extruder for set temperature, you can obtains wheat straw plasticizing base-material.
3. taking the maleic anhydride modified polyethylene of 31.75g to be well mixed with plasticizing base-material obtained by 65g steps 2, twin-screw is squeezed
Go out machine I, II, III, IV areas temperature and be respectively set to 170 DEG C, 150 DEG C, 130 DEG C, 120 DEG C.Mixture in the double spiral shells set
Mixing extrusion in bar extruder, you can obtain the composite of maleic anhydride modified polyethylene and wheat straw plasticizing base-material.
4. it is added to after an above-mentioned composite is broken in diameter 10cm thickness 0.1mm grinding tool, with vulcanizing press 160
DEG C and 20Mpa pressure under it is hot-forming.The film that wheat straw content is 65wt% is can obtain after cooling.
Embodiment 4
1. taking 300g over dry wheat straws, sulfuric acid is uniformly dispersed among wheat straw with high-speed mixer, bright sulfur acid and over dry
The mass ratio of wheat straw is 3/100.
2. double screw extruder I, II, III, IV areas temperature is respectively set to 160 DEG C, 150 DEG C, 130 DEG C, 120 DEG C.
Mixture obtained by step 1 is kneaded in the double screw extruder for set temperature, you can obtains the plasticizing base-material of wheat straw.
3. step 2 resulting materials is added in mould, it is hot pressed into vulcanizing press under 160 DEG C and 20Mpa of pressure
Type.Can obtain wheat straw content is 97wt% standard battens, and its mechanical property is as shown in table 3.
Table 3
Embodiment 5
1. taking 300g over dry wheat straws, sulfuric acid is uniformly dispersed among wheat straw with high-speed mixer, bright sulfur acid and over dry
The mass ratio of wheat straw is 3/100.
2. double screw extruder I, II, III, IV areas temperature is respectively set to 160 DEG C, 150 DEG C, 130 DEG C, 120 DEG C.
Mixture obtained by step 1 is kneaded in the double screw extruder for set temperature, you can obtains the plasticizing base-material of wood fibre.
3. 22.75g, 33.05g, 43.35g nylon is taken to be mixed with 75g, 65g, 55g step 2 gained plasticizing base-material respectively
It is even, double screw extruder I, II, III, IV areas temperature is respectively set to 220 DEG C, 180 DEG C, 150 DEG C, 130 DEG C.Mixture
The mixing extrusion in the double screw extruder set, you can obtain the composite wood of nylon and wheat straw plasticizing base-material
Material.
4. be added to after a composite is broken in mould, with vulcanizing press under 220 DEG C and 20Mpa of pressure into
Type.Obtained after cooling wheat straw content be respectively 75,65,55wt% batten, its mechanical property is as shown in table 4.
Table 4
Every technical staff's notice：Although the present invention describes according to above-mentioned embodiment, of the invention
Invention thought be not limited to that invention, any repacking with inventive concept, will all include this patent protection of the patent right
In the range of.
Claims (7)
1. the plasticizing method of a plant fiber raw material, this method is mixed after inorganic acid is sufficiently mixed with fibres raw material
Refining, obtain the plant fiber material base-material of inorganic acid plasticizing.Wherein, inorganic acid is moulded as plasticizer to plant fiber material
Change, enable plant fiber material by thermoplastic shaping.It is characterised in that it includes following steps：
(1) inorganic acid is crushed raw material with plant fiber material to be well mixed in high-speed mixer, plant fiber material is made
With inorganic acid pre-composition；
(2) plant fiber material inorganic acid pre-composition is placed in device of plasticating, be kneaded under hot shearing and squeezing action, is made
Can thermoplastic shaping repeatedly string base-material；
(3) string base-material is placed in Granulation Equipments that prepare can the particle of thermoplastic shaping or plant fiber-based repeatedly
Material thermomechanical processing in thermal forming device is molded.
2. the plasticizing method of a plant fiber raw material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in step (1)
Plant fiber material include wood fiber raw material, non-wood fibrous raw material, cotton stalk and paper pulp, the plant fiber material refinement
For 20-60 mesh powders.
3. the plasticizing method of a plant fiber raw material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in step (1)
Inorganic acid be sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, sulfurous acid, one or more kinds of mixtures in hydrofluoric acid.
4. the plasticizing method of a plant fiber raw material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in step (2)
The mass ratio of purely inorganic acid and over dry plant fiber material is 1/100-1/2.
5. the plasticizing method of a plant fiber raw material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step (2)
The device of plasticating has single screw rod plasticator, twin-screw plasticator, the modeling of three screw rods to practice machine, and its melting temperature is 60~240 DEG C；Open
Formula rubber mixing machine and internal rubber mixer are put, its melting temperature is 50~180 DEG C.
6. the plasticizing method of a plant fiber raw material according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that step (3) is described to be made
Grain equipment includes Single screw extrusion comminutor and double-screw extruding pelletizing machine and Tri-screw Extrusion comminutor, and pelletizing system includes cold
Pelletizing system and the fervent Force system of die face.Former include extrusion equipment, injection forming equipment, apparatus for blow moulding,
Calendering formation equipment, foaming-shaping apparatus, device of rotomoulding forming, the granulation and forming equipment temperature are set as 50~240 DEG C.
7. as made from the plasticizing method of the plant fiber material described in claim any one of 1-6 can thermoplastic shaping repeatedly material
Material.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109721883A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-05-07 | 山东霞光集团有限公司 | A kind of plasticizing biomass fiber wood plastic composite and preparation method thereof |
| CN112677278A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-20 | 南京林业大学 | Biodegradable plant fiber plastic and preparation method thereof |
| CN113897812A (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2022-01-07 | 南京林业大学 | Low-energy-consumption high-strength high-yield pulping process |
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| CN101579897A (en) * | 2008-02-02 | 2009-11-18 | 朱秀刚 | Manufacturing method of plant fibre products |
| CN102485776A (en) * | 2010-12-01 | 2012-06-06 | 朱秀刚 | Manufacturing method for modified cellulose |
| US20130046089A1 (en) * | 2011-08-19 | 2013-02-21 | Celanese International Corporation | Acetylation of cellulose in densified gas |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101579897A (en) * | 2008-02-02 | 2009-11-18 | 朱秀刚 | Manufacturing method of plant fibre products |
| CN102485776A (en) * | 2010-12-01 | 2012-06-06 | 朱秀刚 | Manufacturing method for modified cellulose |
| US20130046089A1 (en) * | 2011-08-19 | 2013-02-21 | Celanese International Corporation | Acetylation of cellulose in densified gas |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109721883A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-05-07 | 山东霞光集团有限公司 | A kind of plasticizing biomass fiber wood plastic composite and preparation method thereof |
| CN112677278A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-20 | 南京林业大学 | Biodegradable plant fiber plastic and preparation method thereof |
| CN112677278B (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2022-04-12 | 南京林业大学 | Biodegradable plant fiber plastic and preparation method thereof |
| CN113897812A (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2022-01-07 | 南京林业大学 | Low-energy-consumption high-strength high-yield pulping process |
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