CN1078765C - 改良结构的辅助动力电动机 - Google Patents

改良结构的辅助动力电动机 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1078765C
CN1078765C CN99106193A CN99106193A CN1078765C CN 1078765 C CN1078765 C CN 1078765C CN 99106193 A CN99106193 A CN 99106193A CN 99106193 A CN99106193 A CN 99106193A CN 1078765 C CN1078765 C CN 1078765C
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wheel
hub
stator discs
ring
rotor
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CN99106193A
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CN1272714A (zh
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李宜和
李书贤
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Individual
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Priority to US09/327,187 priority patent/US6278216B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M6/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with additional source of power, e.g. combustion engine or electric motor
    • B62M6/40—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor
    • B62M6/60—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor power-driven at axle parts
    • B62M6/65—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor power-driven at axle parts with axle and driving shaft arranged coaxially
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
    • B60K7/0007—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor being electric
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    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
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    • B60L3/0061—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electrical machines
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
    • H02K11/25—Devices for sensing temperature, or actuated thereby
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    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K29/00—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H02K29/03—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices with a magnetic circuit specially adapted for avoiding torque ripples or self-starting problems
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    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
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    • H02K29/06—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices with position sensing devices
    • H02K29/08—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices with position sensing devices using magnetic effect devices, e.g. Hall-plates, magneto-resistors
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    • H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract

一种改良结构的辅助动力电动机，包括轮壳、转子环、定子盘、中心轮轴及一控制电路，转子环的内环面埋设磁铁，定子盘周围固设环形矽钢片，其外环面具有多个T形齿牙，其齿数为非转子环磁铁数的公倍数，矽钢片设有三相星形线圈绕组，且于定于盘电机最佳启动角度处设有霍耳元件组；借此将定子盘固设于中心轮轴，令轮壳夹设住转子环并套设于中心轮轴两侧，当转子环旋转时，即可降低磁极间的钝齿转矩，令电动车行进更加顺畅无噪音。

Description

改良结构的辅助动力电动机
本发明涉及一种电动机，尤其涉及一种使转子环启动更加顺畅而无钝齿转矩的改良结构的辅助动力电动机。
习用的自行车因不具有辅助动力的功能，常使人们只能使用它用作短程代步或休闲工具；当今，在石油能源将耗尽以及空气环保意识抬头的趋势下，使得电动车成为近年来新与的代步工具之一，且被视为未来理想的交通休闲工具，如第83209648号新型专利的“辅助动力电动机”及第5581136号美国发明专利即为一适例。因此，以电动电动机来辅助自行车行进而发展成电动自行车，除了具有轻巧方便的功能外，其动力上的改进效果很明显。然而习见电动车的无刷电动机部分，仍有未臻完善之处，其主要的缺点，是在于一般电动车皆将电动机内的定子(即矽钢片)T形齿牙数设计为转子(即磁环)磁铁数的公倍数或相等数目。所以，当其转子的磁极与定子线圈的磁极的磁场中心刚好相对应在一起时，则会形成一死角状态，使其转子启动回转困难或会产生震动。以两相电动机为例，该两相电动机的定子齿牙数若为四齿，则转子一定是N与S两极，当转子每回转90°时即为一个死角，使转子的回转困难。而同理使用三相电动机辅助动力的电动车车轮，其定子的齿牙数若为转子磁铁的公倍数，该定子经三相星形绕组所构成的线圈极数将形成转子磁极的公倍数，经实验值与磁路分析，其磁场不平均，同样会产生钝齿转矩(CoggingTorque)的现象，以致其转子启动困难，在运转时亦不能平顺，须借助外力先转动车轮才容易平顺回转，且其回转有产生噪音、线圈易发热等缺点，其不但影响电动车电动机的寿命，亦易因高温而出现降低电动机效率及使磁力退磁的现象，甚至造成霍耳元件(Hall IC)烧毁的事故。因此，前述习见的电动车车轮其辅助动力的电动机确有改进的必要。
本发明的主要目的在于，提供一种改良结构的辅助动力电动机，使转子及定子相配合结构加以改进，以克服磁极间所产生的钝齿转矩(CoggingTorque)，而获得启动无死角及令电动车行进更加顺畅无噪音的功效。
本发明的次要目的在于，提供一种改良结构的辅助动力电动机，使该三相无刷辅助动力电动机的换向感测器霍耳元件组，可预先以三个霍耳元件(HallIC)加工在一电路板上，而将此电路板，装设于定子盘三相星形线圈绕组的相对应最佳位置处，以达到耗电量最低，而且启动无死角的效果。
本发明的另一目的在于，提供一种改良结构的辅助动力电动机，使定子盘绕组的三相星形线圈，其三条电线中的一条接设有一温控IC，再将温控IC固定于定子盘的适当位置，以该温控IC的预设值来保护电动机，以使运转温度过高时即自动停止供电，待温度降低后，再自动恢复继续供应电流，以防止霍耳元件(Hall IC)烧毁、电线覆皮脆化及磁力耗损等情形发生，而保持电动机一定使用寿命。
本发明的目的是由以下技术方案实现的。
一种改良结构的辅助动力电动机，是设于电动车车轮中央直接与车轮传动连接，包括有一轮壳、一中心轮轴、转子环及定子盘，其中：轮壳，是装设结合于电动车车轮中央，呈中空状，其内部设有转子环及定子盘，且令一中心轮轴穿置于轮壳中央；中心轮轴，为一圆杆状轮轴，供固设于电动车车轮的前轮叉杆或后轮叉杆，并穿置于轮壳的中央；转子环，为一圆环状的轭铁环，位于其内环面平均埋设有数个磁铁，是固设于轮壳内，与轮壳传动连接。定子盘，为一圆盘其周缘固设有数片堆叠而成的环形矽钢片，其圆盘的中心孔固定套设于中心轮轴上；其特征在于，轮壳是由两个呈浅圆盘形状的轮圈壳盖构成，两轮圈壳盖呈相对应状，夹设于一圆环的两侧，并固定结合；转子环是套设固定于该圆环的内环面，并借两轮圈壳盖夹紧住转子环的两侧；定子盘，是由一圆盘及其周缘堆叠而成的环状矽钢片构成，其环状矽钢片外环面具有数个T形齿牙，该T形齿牙的数目为转子环的磁铁极数的公倍数再加数齿或减数齿，使T形齿牙的数目不等于转子环的磁铁数目的公倍数；再于定子盘的T形齿牙间采用三相线圈绕组。即可消除辅助动力电动机的钝齿转矩(Cogging Torque)现象。
本发明的目的还可以通过以下技术措施来进一步实现。
前述的改良结构的辅助动力电动机，该转子盘及定子盘可采用两组，两个转子环并列套置于该圆环的内环面处，且令两个定子盘以其圆盘的中心孔固定套设于中心轮轴上，而两转子环分别环绕于两定子盘的周围，且呈一适当间隙。如此，即可获得多段变速及反电动势充电功能。
前述的改良结构的辅助动力电动机，该中心轮轴轴身的适当处设有两下凹的导槽，该导槽分别延伸至一轴端处。
前述的改良结构的辅助动力电动机，该轮壳内设有一减速机构，是由一电动机壳及一行星齿轮组构成，其中电动机壳，是由一圆盘形状的电动机壳盖及一圆盘形状的侧盖组成，而成中空状，该电动机壳盖与该侧盖的轮壳处均设有一轴承；行星齿轮组，包括有一内环齿轮、一个以上的中间轮、一主动齿轮、一轴承、一传动盘及一个以上的枢轴；该内环齿轮是呈环状而固设于电动机壳一侧；一个以上的中间轮是借由枢轴枢设于传动盘的盘面，该传动盘内孔设有一轴承；该主动齿轮是固设于轴套的一侧段，轴套的内孔亦设有一个以上的轴承。借此，令该中间轮分别啮合于内环齿轮，而再令该主动齿轮啮合于各中间轮的中央；该行星齿轮组是设于电动机壳的一侧，且以其传动盘与该轮壳的单向离合器(OVERRUNNING CLUTCHES)相结合，并以轮壳将电动机壳包覆，而于中心轮轴上受定子盘及该行星齿轮组减速带动。
前述的改良结构的辅助动力电动机，在轮壳内预定处设有一霍耳元件组(HALL IC SET)，该霍耳元件组是由三个霍耳元件分别加工于一电路板所构成，该霍耳元件组是固设于电机最佳启动角度，用以侦测换向时序信号；亦可于轮壳内预定处设有一解角器(RESOLVER)，或译码器(ENCODER)，或反电动势周期讯号；而可利用解角器(RESOLVER)、译码器(ENCODER)、反电动势周期讯号等侦测换向时序信号。
前述的改良结构的辅助动力电动机，该转子环的环体是采用矽刚片堆叠而成，于转子环的内环面平均设有T形齿牙，并且采用三相星形线圈绕组。线圈绕组通电产生磁极，该定子盘为一圆盘，于其周缘埋设有数个磁铁。
前述的改良结构的辅助动力电动机，该定子盘的三相星形线圈绕组的三条供电线其中一条设有一温控开关，并将温控开关固设于定子盘的线圈处。
前述的改良结构的辅助动力电动机，该轮壳一侧固设有一碟刹盘。
前述的改良结构的辅助动力电动机，位于该轮壳一侧外的轮壳处加设一从动变速链轮组，使轮壳装设于电动车的后轮叉杆。
前述的改良结构的辅助动力电动机，该减速行星齿轮组可为一层、二层、二层以上具减速等效作用的减速齿轮结构。
本发明的具体结构由以下实施例及其附图详细给出。
图1是本发明的组合剖面图。
图2是本发明两组启动机的组合剖视图。
图3是本发明应用实例示意图。
图4是本发明转子环与定子盘的实施例图。
图5是本发明转子环与定子盘的另一实施例图。
图6是本发明转子环与定子盘的又一实施例图。
图7是本发明转子环与定子盘的再一实施例图。
图8是本发明转子环与定子盘的还一实施例图。
图9是本发明具有减速机构的实施例图。
图10是本发明具有减速机构的实施例立体示意图。
图11是本发明另一具有减速机构的实施例图。
图12是本发明控制电动机驱动的控制电路图。
图13是本发明装设刹车盘的局部剖视图。
图14是本发明装设变速链轮组的前视图。
为了对本发明的结构特征及其他功效有更进一步的了解，兹例举实施例并结合附图详细说明如下：
如图1所示，本发明的辅助动力电动机是组设在电动车的车轮中央，其主要包括有：一轮壳1、一中心轮轴2、一转子环3及一定子盘4等构件所，其中：
轮壳1，是由两个呈浅圆盘形状的轮圈壳盖11及11’所构成，两轮圈壳盖11、11’是呈相对应状，夹设于一圆环12的两侧，并借数个螺栓螺固在圆环12的两侧，以形成一中空的轮壳1，而两轮圈壳盖11、11’于其中央各设有一轴承14、14’，而两轮圈壳盖11、11’的内侧壁周围则形成有数片散热叶片15。
中心轮轴2，供固设于电动车车轮的前轮叉杆或后轮叉杆的一圆杆状轮轴，并且供轮壳1及定子盘4套设，于其轴身的适当位置设有两下凹的导槽21及22，而该导槽21及22分别延伸至一轴端处。
转子环3，其为一圆环状的轭铁环31，于其内环面平均埋设有数个磁铁32，而该一个磁铁32即代表转子环3的一磁极(如埋设八个磁铁32即为八个磁极)。
定子盘4，由一圆盘41及其周缘固设有数片堆叠而成的环形矽钢片42所构成，其外环面具有数个沟槽以形成多数个T形齿牙421，该齿牙421的数目为转子环3的磁铁32极数的公倍数再加数齿或减数齿(亦即转子环3若为八极而定子盘4数即可为其三倍另加三齿或减三齿，即二十七齿或二十一齿)，以令环形矽钢片42T形齿牙421的数目为非转子环3极数的公倍数。借此，再于定子盘4的齿牙421间采用三相星形线圈4211绕组，而以此构成一种三相无刷辅助动力电动机的定子盘4，由三条电线予以供电。三条电线中的一条电线上是接设有一温控开关5(温控IC)，并将温控开关5固设于定子盘4的三相星形线圈4211附近(如图4所示)。
借由上述的各构件，其组合时即令该转子环3固设于轮壳1的圆环12内环面当中，而该定子盘4即以其圆盘41固设于中心轮轴2的轴身适当位置，再令定子盘4置入该转子环3中央，使矽钢片42恰与转子环3间相隔一适当间隙。然后，再使轮壳1的两轮圈壳盖11、11’分别以其轴承14、14’套设于中心轮轴2的两侧，以将两轮圈壳盖11、11’螺固于该圆环12两侧并夹紧住该转子环3。而该定子盘4的三条电线是由中心轮轴2的导槽21中延伸至轮壳1外，并于轮壳1内的适当位置设有一霍耳元件组6，该霍耳元件组6是由三个霍耳元件61(其型号采用Hall No.A3171XUA，其功能是用于侦测无刷电动机换向时序讯号)分别加工于一电路板62(PC Board)所构成(如图8所示)，且以数条电线经由中心轮轴2的导槽22延伸至轮壳1外，并连接至控制电路，该控制电路采用本创作人李书贤在先申请的CN.99100153.2“电动车的刹车侦测装置”发明案中的控制电路。如图12所示，该控制电路包括主处理器MPU、稳压电路CKT1、振荡电路CKT2、电动机驱动电路CKT3、直流电源E，该稳压电路CKT1的输出端接主处理器的输入端，振荡电路CKT2的两端亦分别与主处理器相连，主处理器的输出端又与电动机驱动电路CKT3的输入端连接，而后者的输出端接电动车电动机M，直流电源E的正极又分别与稳压电路CKT1与电动机驱动电路CKT3相连，此外，主处理器MPU还与电动车上的原有各种侦测装置连接。本实施例中主处理器MPU的型号为NS8409。该霍耳元件组6固设于轮壳1内的位置是感测无刷电动机的换向时序信号，其固设位置为电机360°当中的最佳启动角度，该角度是由实验值所获得，亦可直接螺设于定子盘4的适当处。借此，将轮壳1结合于电动车的轮子中央时，即可以其中心轮轴2固设于电动车的前轮叉杆或后轮叉杆，作为电动车车轮的辅助动力源。当对该定子盘4的三相星形线圈绕组供电时，即可使轮壳1及转子环3绕着定子盘4回转，并带动电动车车轮旋转。
由于本发明的定子盘4，其齿牙42数目不等于转子环3磁铁32磁极的公倍数，而呈不平均分布。因此，该转子环3的磁极即不会与定子盘4线圈磁场中心完全对正，在此情形下，即可消除习用产品存在的启动死角的缺点。当定子盘4的三相星形线圈4211绕组接受主处理器MPU的电动机驱动的信号后(如图12所示)，即由三相星形线圈4211绕组的三条电线供电(如图4至图7所示)，使该转子环3即可顺畅启动旋转。而在旋转时亦能克服钝齿转矩(Cogging Torque)的现象，使辅助动力电动机可减少震动、噪音、线圈高温等情形，以保持无刷辅助动力电动机一定的使用寿命。
再如图2所示，本发明轮壳1内除设有一组转子环3及定子盘4之外，亦可在预定的位置再加设一组转子环3’及定子盘4’，这样即可预设该第一组转子环3及定子盘4的功率为200W，而第二组转子环3’及定子盘4’的功率为400W，再经由主处理器MPU对电流的侦测(如图12所示)，如电动车在平地行驶其侦测电流值为10A以下，仅令该第一组转子环3及定子盘4以200W功率输出动力。当行驶于4°～8°坡地时其侦测电流值如为20A以下，控制器即转换第二组转子环3’及定子盘4’以400W功率输出动力；同理，当行驶8°以上坡地时，其侦测电流值如为20A以上，以令第一组及第二组同步以200W及400W功率输出动力，借此使本发明辅助动力电动机，可获得多段扭力及速度变换输出效果。再者，当其中一组启动机不旋转时，即可利用启动旋转的另一组启动机的带动，而产生一反电动势对电动车的电池充电。
本发明定子盘4的T形齿牙421数目不等于转子环3极数的公倍数，例如该转子环3设有八个磁铁32，而定子盘4的T形齿牙421的数目，则可为磁铁32数目的三倍另加三齿或减三齿，亦即该T形齿牙421的数目为27齿或21齿(如图4及图5所示)。又如图6所示，该转子环3A亦可埋设有十二个磁铁32A，而该定子盘4A的T形齿牙421A数目仍为转子环3A磁铁32A数目的三倍另加三齿或减三齿，亦即为39齿或33齿的T形齿牙421A(如图6及图7所示)。若令定子盘4A采用三相星形线圈4211绕组后，其线圈磁极数不与转子环3A的磁极数相等，亦非其公倍数，在此情况下，即可消除启动死角及钝齿转矩(Cogging Torque)的现象。而本发明的转子环3磁铁32、32A并不限于八个或十二个，若为四个或二十四个皆无不可，而该定子盘4的T形齿牙421亦不限于三倍另加三齿或减三齿的情况，若为其他倍数皆无不可。如图8所示，本发明的转子环3B亦可采用数片环形矽钢片构成，于其内环面设有如上述的T形齿牙31B，而该定子盘4B则在该圆盘41B的周缘埋设有预定数目的磁铁42B，且其磁极相配合状态亦与上述消除启动死角及钝齿转矩(Cogging Torque)的设计相同，换言之，即T形齿牙31B的数目仍为磁铁42B的公倍数另加数齿或减少数齿。再者，该转子环3B若装设辅助动力电动机是固定不转动状态即成为一定子，相反的该定子盘4B即成为一转子，这样，转子环3B及定子盘4B皆可设为转子或定子。
又，如图9至图11所示，本发明可在轮壳1内设有减速机构7，借该减速机构7使上述一组或两组启动机(一转子环3加一定子盘4即为一组)所组成的辅助动力电动机，以更臻实用。该减速机构7包括：一电动机壳71及一行星齿轮组72，其中：
一电动机壳71，包括一圆盘形状的电动机壳盖711及一圆盘形状的侧盖712，借数个螺钉锁设边缘成为中空的电动机壳71，而该电动机壳盖711与该侧盖712的轮壳处均设有一轴承713。
一行星齿轮组72，包括一内环齿轮721、一个以上的中间轮722、一主动齿轮723、一轴套724、一传动盘725及一个以上的枢轴726；该内环齿轮721是呈环状而固设于电动机壳71一侧；一个以上的中间轮722是借由轴承及枢轴726枢设于传动盘725的盘面，该传动盘725内孔设有一轴承727；该王动齿轮723则固设于轴套724的一侧段，轴套724的内孔亦设有一个以上的轴承727。借此，令该中间轮722分别啮合于内环齿轮721，而再令该主动齿轮723啮合于各中间轮722的中央。当轴套724与主动齿轮723旋转时，即可带动中间轮722于内环齿轮721中回转，而同步使传动盘725回转，以获得一减速效果。而减速机构7并不限于以行星齿轮组作减速，如采用二段以上的减速齿轮组。
借由上述的电动机壳71及行星齿轮组72，其组合关系及所达到的功效如下：如图9至图11所示，令前述的一个或一个以上的转子环3B固设于电动机壳71的电动机壳盖712内(形成一定子)，并将三条电线由电动机壳71引出，由中心轮轴2的导槽21连接至控制电路上。而电动机壳盖712内的适当位置设有一霍耳元件组6，该霍耳元件组6的数条电线是延伸至马达壳71外，再经由中心轮轴2的导槽22连接至控制电路。然后再将一个或一个以上的定子盘4B套设于行星齿轮组72的轴套724筒身处，再令该中心轮轴2贯穿该轴套724，使轴套724及定子盘4B可在中心轮轴2上旋转(形成一转子)。这样，即将该轴套724置入电动机壳盖711及侧盖712的轴承713当中，使定子盘4B(实为转子)恰位于转子环3B(实为定子)所环绕的范围内，并用该侧盖712予以封闭。而上述行星齿轮组72是设于电动机壳71的一侧，且以其传动盘725与该轮壳1的单向离合器13相结合，使轮壳1将电动机壳71予以包覆，而可在中心轮轴2上受定子盘4B(实为转子)及该行星齿轮组72减速带动旋转，以辅助电动车的车轮回转行进。
如图13所示，本发明在轮壳1的一侧亦可采用螺设方式，而固设有一碟刹盘8，借该碟杀盘8以作为电动车的刹车装置。当使用者刹车时，即由刹车侦测装置(如图12所示)获得一信息回馈至主处理器MPU，使控制器输出一信息令电池停止对电动机供电，使使用者获得安全刹车的功效。又如图14所示，本发明的轮壳1另一侧亦可在轮壳外加设一从动变速链轮组9，使本发明辅助动力电动机可装设于电动车的后轮叉杆处，作为一辅助动力源。
此外，感测无刷电动机的换向时序信号的霍耳元件组6(Hall IC SET)，其亦可采由解角器(Resolver)或使用译码器(Encoder)来取代原设计的霍耳元件组6；亦可利用控制电路中电动机的反电动势周期信号取代霍耳元件组6的换向时序信号感测。
综上所述，本发明确实具有新颖性、创造性、实用性，符合专利法要件，故依法提出申请。
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制，凡是依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰，均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。

Claims (10)

1、一种改良结构的辅助动力电动机，是设于电动车车轮中央直接与车轮传动连接，包括有一轮壳、一中心轮轴、转子环、定子盘、一霍尔元件组及一控制电路，其中：
轮壳，是装设结合于电动车车轮中央，呈中空状，其内部设有转子环及定子盘，且令一中心轮轴穿置于轮壳中央；
中心轮轴，为一圆杆状轮轴，供固设于电动车车轮的前轮叉杆或后轮叉杆，并穿置于轮壳的中央；
转子环，为一圆环状的轭铁环，位于其内环面平均埋设有数个磁铁，是固设于轮壳内，与轮壳传动连接；
定子盘，为一圆盘其周缘固设有数片堆叠而成的环形矽钢片，其圆盘的中心孔固定套设于中心轮轴上；
其特征在于，轮壳是由两个呈浅圆盘形状的轮圈壳盖构成，两轮圈壳盖呈相对应状，夹设于一圆环的两侧，并固定结合；转子环是套设固定于该圆环的内环面，并借两轮圈壳盖夹紧住转子环的两侧；定子盘，是由一圆盘及其周缘堆叠而成的环状矽钢片构成，其环状矽钢片外环面具有数个T形齿牙，该T形齿牙的数目为转子环的磁铁极数的公倍数再加数齿或减数齿，使T形齿牙的数目不等于转子环的磁铁数目的公倍数；再于定子盘的T形齿牙间采用三相线圈绕组。
2、根据权利要求1所述的改良结构的辅助动力电动机，其特征在于，该转子盘及定子盘可采用两组，两个转子环并列套置于该圆环的内环面处，且令两个定子盘以其圆盘的中心孔固定套设于中心轮轴上，而两转子环分别环绕于两定子盘的周围，且呈一适当间隙。
3、根据权利要求1或2所述的改良结构的辅助动力电动机，其特征在于，该中心轮轴轴身的适当处设有两下凹的导槽，该导槽分别延伸至一轴端处。
4、根据权利要求1所述的改良结构的辅助动力电动机，其特征在于，该轮壳内设有一减速机构，是由一电动机壳及一行星齿轮组构成，其中电动机壳，是由一圆盘形状的电动机壳盖及一圆盘形状的侧盖组成，而成中空状，该电动机壳盖与该侧盖的轮壳处均设有一轴承；行星齿轮组，包括有一内环齿轮、一个以上的中间轮、一主动齿轮、一轴承、一传动盘及一个以上的枢轴；该内环齿轮是呈环状而固设于电动机壳一侧；一个以上的中间轮是借由枢轴枢设于传动盘的盘面，该传动盘内孔设有一轴承；该主动齿轮是固设于轴套的一侧段，轴套的内孔亦设有一个以上的轴承，借此，令该中间轮分别啮合于内环齿轮，而再令该主动齿轮啮合于各中间轮的中央；
该行星齿轮组是设于电动机壳的一侧，且以其传动盘与该轮壳的单向离合器相结合，并以轮壳将电动机壳包覆，而于中心轮轴上受定子盘及该行星齿轮组减速带动。
5、根据权利要求1或2所述的改良结构的辅助动力电动机，其特征在于，在轮壳内预定处设有一霍耳元件组，该霍耳元件组是由三个霍耳元件分别加工于一电路板所构成，该霍耳元件组是固设于电机最佳启动角度，用以侦测换向时序信号；亦可于轮壳内预定处设有一解角器，或译码器，或反电动势周期讯号。
6、根据权利要求1或2所述的改良结构的辅助动力电动机，其特征在于，该转子环的环体是采用矽刚片堆叠而成，于转子环的内环面平均设有T形齿牙，并且采用三相星形线圈绕组，该定子盘为一圆盘，于其周缘埋设有数个磁铁。
7、根据权利要求1或2所述的改良结构的辅助动力电动机，其特征在于，该定子盘的三相星形线圈绕组的三条供电线其中一条设有一温控开关，并将温控开关固设于定子盘的线圈处。
8、根据权利要求1或2所述的改良结构的辅助动力电动机，其特征在于，该轮壳一侧固设有一碟刹盘。
9、根据权利要求1或2所述的改良结构的辅助动力电动机，其特征在于，位于该轮壳一侧外的轮壳处加设一从动变速链轮组，使轮壳装设于电动车的后轮叉杆。
10、根据权利要求1所述的改良结构的辅助动力电动机，其特征在于，该减速行星齿轮组可为一层、二层、二层以上具减速等效作用的减速齿轮结构。
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