CN107864524B - PTC heating device - Google Patents
PTC heating device Download PDFInfo
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- CN107864524B CN107864524B CN201711326220.3A CN201711326220A CN107864524B CN 107864524 B CN107864524 B CN 107864524B CN 201711326220 A CN201711326220 A CN 201711326220A CN 107864524 B CN107864524 B CN 107864524B
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- ptc heating
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- electrode
- ptc
- heating device
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 146
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/78—Heating arrangements specially adapted for immersion heating
- H05B3/82—Fixedly-mounted immersion heaters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/02—Heaters using heating elements having a positive temperature coefficient
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/021—Heaters specially adapted for heating liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/022—Heaters specially adapted for heating gaseous material
- H05B2203/023—Heaters of the type used for electrically heating the air blown in a vehicle compartment by the vehicle heating system
Landscapes
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a PTC heating device, comprising: a PTC heating assembly, the PTC heating assembly comprising: PTC heating sheet, waste sheet, electrode, insulating layer and aluminum tube; the upper surface and the lower surface of the PTC heating sheet are tightly attached with two electrodes, and the electrodes are used for heating the PTC heating sheet so that the PTC heating sheet heats; the PTC heating sheets comprise a plurality of waste sheets which are positioned among the plurality of PTC heating sheets and are used for isolating the plurality of PTC heating sheets; the insulating layer is positioned on the inner sides of the electrode and the aluminum tube, wraps the electrode, and is used for insulating the electrode from an external medium, and the insulating layer has good thermal conductivity; the aluminum tube wraps the insulating layer and is used for packaging the insulated electrode. The PTC heating device provided by the utility model is safe and reliable, has a simple structure, high heating efficiency and good insulation effect, and can be directly put into a water tank of an electric automobile or used as an air heating device.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of positive temperature coefficient thermistor (Positive Temperature Coefficient, PTC) heating, in particular to a PTC heating device.
Background
New energy and energy conservation and emission reduction technologies are emerging technologies which are greatly developed in the current traffic industry. The new energy technology is adopted to achieve the purposes of energy conservation and emission reduction, and has become the development trend of the vehicle technology in the world. At present, electric vehicles are applied to domestic and foreign markets, and hybrid electric vehicles, pure electric vehicles and hybrid light rail trains are rapidly developed into emerging industries in countries and regions such as europe, japan, china and the like.
The traditional fuel oil automobile mainly utilizes the waste heat of an engine or is provided with an independent fuel oil heat source, and the new energy automobile mainly relies on a battery to provide power. Because the battery has limited heat generation, and even needs to provide a heat source from the outside in order to ensure the battery to work normally in a low-temperature environment. Based on the above considerations, electric vehicles currently use a heating device using PTC as a heat source to heat a battery and a vehicle body.
The PTC ceramic heater has the following characteristics: no radiation and no pollution, and no damage of electromagnetic radiation to human body; the temperature rise is rapid, the temperature can be automatically controlled when the fan fails, and the service life is long; the voltage application range is wide, and the voltage can be designed between 12V and 600V according to the requirement; the design is convenient, the design can be arbitrarily carried out from small power to large power, and the appearance can be designed according to the requirements; is not burnt, has no flame name and is safe and reliable. Just because PTC has the above characteristics, its application is quite extensive. Besides being applied to electric automobiles, many heaters on the market at present are used as core heating components, such as household air conditioners, warm air blowers, bath heaters and the like.
The PTC heating components for home appliances in the market are operated at 220V ac voltage, and the operating voltage of electric vehicles is generally 300V-600V, so the PTC heating devices for electric vehicles need to have better stability and safety.
The service environment of the electric automobile is more complex than that of common household appliances, and the stability requirement on the structure of the device is higher. In chinese patent specification CN 203537577U, a PTC heating device for an electric vehicle is disclosed, and each component of the PTC heating device is bonded by using silica gel, so that the device has serious drawbacks, that is, the silica gel must be aged after a long time, and in long-term use, stability of the whole device structure is difficult to be ensured due to unavoidable vibration.
Because the electric vehicle works in a pure electric mode, the PTC heating apparatus needs to have high working efficiency in order to ensure that excessive electric energy is not lost. The heating assembly has a certain service life due to the high working voltage of the heating device, so that the heating assembly needs to be replaced as conveniently as possible. In chinese patent specification CN104869674 a, a PTC water heating tube is disclosed, in which common ceramics is used as an insulating material, and it is obvious that this design is not beneficial to heat transfer and has low heating efficiency.
At present, polyimide is mostly used as an insulating material for PTC heaters applied in the field of household appliances, and the insulating material cannot meet the insulating performance requirement of an electric automobile heating device.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the utility model aims to solve the technical problems that the prior PTC heating device for the electric automobile is bonded by silica gel, is easy to age, has poor stability of the whole device structure, has lower heating efficiency and has poor insulating property.
To achieve the above object, the present utility model provides a PTC heating apparatus comprising: a PTC heating assembly, the PTC heating assembly comprising: PTC heating sheet, waste sheet, electrode, insulating layer and aluminum tube;
the upper surface and the lower surface of the PTC heating sheet are tightly attached with two electrodes, and the electrodes are used for heating the PTC heating sheet so that the PTC heating sheet heats; the waste pieces are positioned among the plurality of PTC heating pieces and used for isolating the plurality of PTC heating pieces; the insulating layer is positioned on the inner sides of the electrode and the aluminum tube, the insulating layer wraps the electrode and is used for insulating the electrode from an external medium, and the insulating layer is good in heat conductivity; the aluminum tube wraps the insulating layer and is used for packaging the insulated electrode.
Optionally, the PTC heating device further comprises: the heat dissipation assembly, the flange and the silicon base;
the heat dissipation component is nested outside the PTC heating component and is used for expanding the heat dissipation area of the heating body and improving the heat exchange efficiency between the PTC heating component and an external medium, wherein the external medium can be water or air;
the flange is used for being fixed with the aluminum pipe by means of a brazing technology, so that the PTC heating device is stable and reliable;
the silicon base is used for being provided with an electrode slot and used for fixing the electrode.
Optionally, one end of the aluminum tube is closed, one end of the aluminum tube is open, the closed end can be placed in water, and the PTC heating device has good insulativity, heat dissipation and corrosion resistance, and the PTC heating device can be directly inserted into water due to the good insulativity, so that the PTC heating device has extremely high heating efficiency.
Optionally, the waste sheet is an electrodeless PTC material and mainly plays a role in isolating the PTC heating sheet.
Optionally, the insulating layer is made of mica, has good insulativity and thermal conductivity, is high-temperature resistant, has certain ductility and workability, and has good physical and chemical properties in the environment of rapid temperature change or acid and alkali.
Optionally, the heat dissipation component and the PTC heating component are fixed by means of mechanical pressure and brazing technology, so that the heat dissipation component and the PTC heating component have high stability.
Optionally, the electrode material is aluminum sheet, stainless steel sheet or copper sheet, and the installation and the replacement are convenient.
Optionally, the PTC heating device further comprises: and the water draining port is positioned on the heat radiating component and used for ensuring the circulation of water flow along the PTC heating component.
Optionally, the PTC heating components are two groups to improve heating efficiency, and are suitable for large-sized water tanks.
Optionally, the aluminum pipe is U type structure, and U type structure bottom mainly used is fixed, is applicable to the long-term violent vibration environment of hydrothermal container, and the effect of fin has been played again to U type structure bottom.
In general, the above technical solutions conceived by the present utility model have the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:
the PTC heating device provided by the utility model is safe and reliable, has a simple structure, high heating efficiency and good insulation effect, and can be directly put into a water tank of an electric automobile or used as an air heating device.
The PTC heating device provided by the utility model has a simple structure, and the PTC heating component and the radiating component can be combined at will, so that the PTC heating device can be used as an air heating device or a water heating device only by properly assembling the device.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a PTC heating apparatus according to the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1 provided by the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 2 according to the present utility model;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 3 provided by the present utility model.
Detailed Description
The present utility model will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model. In addition, the technical features of the embodiments of the present utility model described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
The utility model aims to design a PTC heating device with stable performance, high heating efficiency and simple structure. Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the PTC heating apparatus according to the present utility model, as shown in fig. 1, including a PTC heating assembly, a heat dissipation assembly 7, and a flange 1. The PTC heating component comprises a PTC heating sheet 2, a waste sheet 3, an electrode 4, an insulating layer 5, a silicon base 8, an aluminum tube 6 and the like.
The PTC heating component comprises a PTC heating sheet 2, a waste sheet 3, two electrodes 4 and an aluminum tube 6, which are tightly attached to the upper and lower surfaces of the heating sheet, and the like. Wherein, an insulating layer 5 with good heat conduction performance is arranged on the inner sides of the electrode 4 and the aluminum tube 6, and a silicon base 8 is arranged on the bottom of the aluminum tube 6 and used for fixing the electrode.
The heat dissipation component 7 is nested outside the PTC heating component and used for expanding the heat dissipation area of the heating body and improving the heat exchange efficiency of the PTC heating component and an external medium, wherein the external medium can be water or air. That is, the PTC heating device may be used as an air heating device or a water heating device.
The insulating layer 5 has good physical and chemical properties, is waterproof, acid and alkali resistant and wind resistant, and has high-quality characteristics of high insulating strength, constant dielectric constant, high thermal stability and the like. In the structure, the insulation property of the insulation layer wrapped on the outer side of the electrode electrically isolates the inner electrode from the outer surface of the device, so that the insulation property of the whole device is ensured.
Wherein, flange 1 and aluminum pipe 6 rely on brazing technique to fix, and is reliable and stable.
Wherein, aluminum pipe 6, one end is closed, and one end opening, the blind end can put into water, has good insulating property, heat dissipation and corrosion resistance. The good insulation makes the device directly insertable into water, thus having an extremely high heating efficiency.
The material of the insulating layer 5 can be mica, has good insulativity and thermal conductivity, is high-temperature resistant, has certain ductility and workability, has good physical and chemical properties in the abrupt temperature change or acid-base environment, and has long service life and high reliability.
The silica gel base 8 has good thermal stability, stable chemical property and higher mechanical strength. An electrode slot is arranged on the silica gel base 8 and is used for fixing an electrode. The heat radiating area of the heating body is greatly expanded by the heat radiating fins at the outer side of the device, and the heat exchange efficiency between the heating body and the water body is improved.
Wherein the electrode 4 is made of aluminum sheet, stainless steel sheet or copper sheet. The installation and the replacement are convenient.
The heat dissipation component 7 is an aluminum sheet, and the heat dissipation sheet and the heating component are fixed by means of mechanical pressure and brazing technology, so that the heat dissipation component has strong stability.
The flange type water heater is safe and reliable, has a simple and stable flange type structure, is easy to replace, has good insulating property, can be directly put into water for water heating, or is placed in air to be used as an air heating device, particularly used for water heating, and greatly improves heating efficiency.
Alternatively, mica and silica gel base, both of which have good thermal conductivity and mechanical strength.
The aluminum pipe adopts flat structure, and one end is closed, and one end is open, has increased the area of contact of device and liquid. The heat radiating component and the heating component are fixed by mechanical pressure and brazing technology, and the whole device can be directly placed in a water tank. While conventional PTC heaters mostly design the heating assembly and water flow portion as two completely separate devices, relying on metal to transfer heat. Therefore, compared with the general PTC heating device, the device has the remarkable characteristic of high heating efficiency.
In addition, because the device has simple structure, the PTC heating component and the radiating component can be combined at will, and the device can be used as an air heating device or a water heating device only by proper assembly.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 2, the present utility model is a PTC water heating apparatus for an electric vehicle with good insulation, which is characterized by comprising a PTC heating assembly, a heat dissipation assembly nested outside the PTC heating assembly, and a flange apparatus fixing end 100. The PTC heating assembly comprises a PTC heating sheet, a waste sheet, two electrodes 400 and 401 attached to the upper and lower surfaces of the heating sheet, an aluminum pipe, etc. Wherein, the waste sheet is electrodeless PTC material, and mainly plays a role of isolating the heating sheet, and mica layers with good heat conduction performance are arranged on the inner sides of the electrode and the aluminum tube. The bottom of the aluminum tube is provided with a silicon base 8 which mainly plays a role in insulating and fixing the electrode.
Furthermore, the heat dissipation component and the PTC heating component are fixed by means of mechanical pressure and brazing technology, and the device structure has strong stability.
Further, the heat dissipation component 701 is used for controlling the interval between the components, and 702 is a water drain, so that the circulation of water flow along the PTC heating element direction is ensured.
Further, the flange fixing end 100 is connected with the aluminum pipe in a brazing manner, so that the connection stability and the device tightness of the flange fixing end 100 and the aluminum pipe can be enhanced, and the flange fixing end 101 is a screw hole for fixing the device.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3, the present embodiment is substantially the same as the embodiment 1, except that the PTC heating elements 610 are two groups in the present embodiment, and the heating efficiency is higher. Meanwhile, the water tank is suitable for a large-sized water tank because of relatively large volume.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 4, the present embodiment is substantially the same as the embodiment 2, except that the aluminum tube 620 may have a U-shaped structure, the U-shaped bottom is mainly used for fixing, and is suitable for the long-term severe oscillation environment of the hydrothermal container, and the U-shaped bottom also plays a role of a heat sink.
The above scheme is only used for reference, and because the device is simple in structure and convenient to assemble, in principle, a user can customize the scheme according to the specific water container shape, and the scheme is also one of advantages of the device.
The utility model provides a PTC heating device which comprises a PTC heating component, a heat dissipation component nested outside the component, a flange and the like. The whole appearance of the PTC heating component is of a tubular structure, and comprises a PTC heating sheet, a waste sheet, an electrode, an insulating layer and an aluminum tube from inside to outside. The heating sheet and the waste sheet without electrode are isolated from each other. The bottom of the aluminum tube is provided with a silicon base for fixing the electrode. The utility model has the advantages of safety, reliability, simple structure, high heating efficiency and good insulation effect, and can be directly put into a water tank of an electric automobile or used as an air heating device.
It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the utility model are intended to be included within the scope of the utility model.
Claims (8)
1. A PTC heating device, which is adapted to a water tank, comprising: a PTC heating assembly, the PTC heating assembly comprising: PTC heating sheet, waste sheet, electrode, insulating layer, aluminum tube, heat radiation component, flange and silicon base;
the upper surface and the lower surface of the PTC heating sheet are tightly attached with two electrodes, and the electrodes are used for heating the PTC heating sheet so that the PTC heating sheet heats;
the waste pieces are positioned among the plurality of PTC heating pieces and used for isolating the plurality of PTC heating pieces;
the insulating layer is positioned on the inner sides of the electrode and the aluminum tube, the insulating layer wraps the electrode and is used for insulating the electrode from an external medium, and the insulating layer is good in heat conductivity;
the aluminum tube wraps the insulating layer and is used for packaging the insulated electrode; one end of the aluminum pipe is closed, the other end of the aluminum pipe is open, the closed end can be placed in water, good insulativity, heat dissipation and corrosion resistance are achieved, and the PTC heating device can be directly inserted into water due to the good insulativity, so that the PTC heating device has extremely high heating efficiency;
the heat dissipation assembly is nested outside the PTC heating assembly, the heat dissipation assembly and the PTC heating assembly are fixed by utilizing mechanical pressure and a brazing technology, the heat dissipation assembly is used for expanding the heat dissipation area of the heating body and improving the heat exchange efficiency of the PTC heating assembly and an external medium, and the external medium is water or air;
the flange is fixed with the aluminum pipe by means of a brazing technology, so that the PTC heating device is stable and reliable;
and an electrode slot is arranged on the silicon base and is used for fixing the electrode.
2. A PTC heating device according to claim 1, wherein the waste sheet is an electrodeless PTC material, and mainly functions as an insulating PTC heating sheet.
3. A PTC heating device according to claim 1, wherein the insulating layer is made of mica, has good insulation and thermal conductivity, is resistant to high temperature, has a certain ductility and workability, and has good physical and chemical properties in a temperature abrupt change or acid-base environment.
4. A PTC heating device according to claim 1, wherein the heat sink assembly and PTC heating assembly are mechanically secured by brazing, providing high stability.
5. A PTC heating device according to claim 1, wherein the electrode material is an aluminum sheet, a stainless steel sheet or a copper sheet, and the installation and the replacement are convenient.
6. A PTC heating device according to claim 1, further comprising: and the water draining port is positioned on the heat radiating component and used for ensuring the circulation of water flow along the PTC heating component.
7. A PTC heating device according to claim 1, wherein the PTC heating components are provided in two groups to improve heating efficiency.
8. The PTC heating device according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum tube has a U-shaped structure, the bottom of the U-shaped structure is mainly used for fixing, the device is suitable for a severe vibration environment of the hydrothermal container for a long time, and the bottom of the U-shaped structure functions as a heat sink.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711326220.3A CN107864524B (en) | 2017-12-13 | 2017-12-13 | PTC heating device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711326220.3A CN107864524B (en) | 2017-12-13 | 2017-12-13 | PTC heating device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107864524A CN107864524A (en) | 2018-03-30 |
| CN107864524B true CN107864524B (en) | 2023-11-14 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711326220.3A Active CN107864524B (en) | 2017-12-13 | 2017-12-13 | PTC heating device |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN107864524B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114087776A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-02-25 | 江苏科技大学 | Vehicle-mounted water heating heater and assembly method thereof |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN203537577U (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2014-04-09 | 苏州新业电子有限公司 | Improved PTC heater for electric automobile |
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2017
- 2017-12-13 CN CN201711326220.3A patent/CN107864524B/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN203537577U (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2014-04-09 | 苏州新业电子有限公司 | Improved PTC heater for electric automobile |
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| CN107864524A (en) | 2018-03-30 |
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