CN107828843A - 一种由蚌肉制备的富有机微量元素蚌肉肽的工业生产方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种由蚌肉制备的富有机微量元素蚌肉肽的工业生产方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107828843A CN107828843A CN201711093382.7A CN201711093382A CN107828843A CN 107828843 A CN107828843 A CN 107828843A CN 201711093382 A CN201711093382 A CN 201711093382A CN 107828843 A CN107828843 A CN 107828843A
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P21/00—Preparation of peptides or proteins
- C12P21/06—Preparation of peptides or proteins produced by the hydrolysis of a peptide bond, e.g. hydrolysate products
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/17—Amino acids, peptides or proteins
- A23L33/18—Peptides; Protein hydrolysates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K1/00—General methods for the preparation of peptides, i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length
- C07K1/14—Extraction; Separation; Purification
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K1/00—General methods for the preparation of peptides, i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length
- C07K1/14—Extraction; Separation; Purification
- C07K1/34—Extraction; Separation; Purification by filtration, ultrafiltration or reverse osmosis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K1/00—General methods for the preparation of peptides, i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length
- C07K1/14—Extraction; Separation; Purification
- C07K1/36—Extraction; Separation; Purification by a combination of two or more processes of different types
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Microbiology (AREA)
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- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
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- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种由蚌肉制备的富有机微量元素蚌肉肽的工业生产方法和应用，属生物技术领域。其特征是以蚌肉、微量元素无机盐为起始物料，经过酶解鳌合、离心、超滤、纳滤、干燥得到富有机微量元素蚌肉肽，使肽、有机态微量元素协同起作用，疗效更显著。本发明采用这种富有机微量元素蚌肉肽可以在制备食品、保健食品及特殊医学用途配方食品的配方中应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物技术领域，具体涉及由蚌肉制备的富有机微量元素蚌肉肽的工业生产方法和应用。
背景技术
蚌肉为蚌科动物背角无齿蚌或褶纹冠蚌、三角帆蚌等蚌类的肉，功能滋阴养肝、清热明目，主治肝肾阴虚、腰膝酸软、眼目昏花、耳鸣眩晕、眼干多眵、阴虚内热、烦热引饮、消谷善饥、多尿、月经过多、白带、痔漏、目赤等。《食疗本草》谓其“主太热，解酒毒，止渴，去眼赤”，《随息居饮食谱》谓其“清热滋阴，养肝凉血，熄风解酒，明目定狂”，《本草拾遗》谓其“主妇人劳损下血，明日，除湿，止消渴”，《日华子本草》谓其“明目，止消渴，除烦解热毒，补妇人虚劳、下血，并痔瘘、血崩、带下”。蚌肉具有重要食用价值。
蚌肉中主要活性物质为蛋白质类，绝大多数是采用煮熟直接服用，大量的蛋白质因分子量大在胃肠道来不及消化而直接排出体外导致蛋白质流失。本公司对蚌肉进行了深入开发，将蛋白质降解为小分子肽类，使其释放吃大量的活性片段，易于吸收，并且研究进一步增强其功效性，增加其食用的适应性，使蚌肉产品得到最大程度的发挥利用。
生物活性肽是现代研究的热点，其优越性远超蛋白质、氨基酸。生物活性肽是蛋白质中20种天然氨基酸以不同组成和排列方式构成的从二肽到复杂的线性、环形结构的不同肽类的总称，按分子量大小分为多肽、小肽(寡肽或低聚肽)。近年来，国际科学界研究发现，蛋白质(蚌肉主要成分)经消化道酶促水解后主要是以小肽类的形式吸收，且比完全游离氨基酸更易、更快被机体吸收、利用，有些小肽具有原蛋白质或其组成氨基酸所没有的重要的生理机能，这正是生物活性肽引起当今科技界、医学界、营养学界、食品学界广泛重视的主要原因。生物活性肽类药物和保健品的开发是目前生物医药和保健领域中最活跃、进展最快的部分，将是二十一世纪最有前途的产业之一。
蛋白质水解产生的活性肽主要是以化学法和酶法水解而来。化学法以酸或碱断开蛋白质肽键，由于反应环境较极端，不利于活性的保持。酶法水解蛋白质生产的活性肽安全性高，无副作用，能在温和的条件下进行定位水解分裂产生特定的肽，且水解过程易于控制。因此，酶法生产的小分子肽已在世界范围内引起关注，成为当今世界相关领域研究的主要方向。
微量元素与人体健康息息相关，中国微量元素科学研究会会长陈祥友教授指出：“人是由元素组成的，人的生、老、病、死无不与元素平衡有关，当今世界威协人类健康长寿的疑难杂症的突破，有待于元素平衡医学的发展”。微量元素已成功应用于疾病的治疗，研究表明，缺铁会引起贫血，缺铜引起贫血、骨质疏松、冠心病，缺钴会引起巨细胞性贫血、白血病、白内障、口腔溃疡等，缺铬会引起糖尿病、冠心病，缺钼会出现心血管疾病，如心肌坏死冠心病、心绞痛等。
本专利是在蚌肉酶解制备蚌肉肽的基础上，同时加入了所掌握的微量元素有机转化技术，在酶解的同时，有针对性的加入一定量的微量元素无机盐，进行微量元素的有机态转化，并且与蚌肉肽络合，易被机体吸收利用，不仅能更进一步提高蚌肉肽的功效，还能提高微量元素的吸收率，而且还能使人体摄入两类物质(蚌肉肽和有机微量元素)，各自并协同发挥作用，疗效更强，安全性更高。
本发明专利在蚌肉肽的创新研发中，使用“酶解+微量元素有机转化”技术，生产出富有机微量元素蚌肉肽，在食品、保健食品及特殊医学用途配方食品行业还未有相关的产品报道。
发明内容
本发明的第一目的在于提供一种由蚌肉制备的富有机微量元素蚌肉肽的工业生产方法，本发明的第二目的是提供该由蚌肉制备的富有机微量元素蚌肉肽的工业生产方法所制备的富有机微量元素蚌肉肽在制备食品、保健食品及特殊医学用途配方食品的配方中的应用。
本发明目的第一目的是这样实现的：
一种由蚌肉制备的富有机微量元素蚌肉肽的工业生产方法，其特征在于采用以下工艺步骤：
(1)溶解混合：取鲜蚌肉，绞碎，以乳匀机匀浆，置酶解反应罐中，加3-6倍量水，启动搅拌桨，加入微量元素无机盐，搅拌使溶解，罐体夹层通蒸汽加热煮沸30分钟，关闭蒸汽，再通入冷却水使罐内温度冷至55～60℃，开启加热保温循环；
(2)酶解螯合：以碱液泵泵入20％氢氧化钠溶液调节pH值7.5-8.5，酶液泵泵入蚌肉量0.1-0.3％胰蛋白酶或碱性蛋白酶的水混悬液保温酶解1-3小时，再以酶液泵泵入蚌肉量0.1-0.3％菠萝蛋白酶的水混悬液保温酶解1-3小时，放掉夹层水，夹层通入蒸汽加热煮沸30分钟，放出酶解液；
(3)分离纯化：酶解液经高速离心机离心，上清液通过超滤膜设备超滤，透过液通过纳滤膜设备纳滤；
(4)喷雾干燥：纳滤的未透过液经喷雾干燥，得到富有机微量元素的蚌肉肽。
所述的微量元素无机盐为铬盐、锰盐、锌盐、硒盐、钼盐、硼盐的一种或几种的混合物，加入微量元素的总量为蚌肉量的0.01％-0.1％。铬盐可以为但不限于三氯化铬、硫酸铬、葡萄糖酸铬，锰盐可以为但不限于硫酸锰、氯化锰、碳酸锰、葡萄糖酸锰，锌盐可以为但不限于氯化锌、硫酸锌、葡萄糖酸锌，硒盐可以为但不限于亚硒酸钠、硒酸钠，钼盐可以为但不限于钼酸钠、钼酸铵，硼盐可以为但不限于硼酸钠、硼酸钙、硼砂。
所述的胰蛋白酶酶活力为每克100000U，碱性蛋白酶酶活力为每克100000U，菠萝蛋白酶酶活力为每克100000U。
所述高速离心转速为每分钟8000-10000转，超滤膜的截留相对分子质量为1000-3000Da，纳滤膜的截留相对分子质量为150-300Da。
所述喷雾干燥进风温度为180-200℃，出风温度为90-100℃。
所述富有机微量元素蚌肉肽中，每100g含肽量为80-90g，含铬、锰、锌、硒、钼、硼元素总量为0.1-1.0g，其中有机态占元素总量比例为95-100％。
本发明的第二目的是提供上述由蚌肉制备的富有机微量元素蚌肉肽的工业生产方法的应用，所制备的富有机微量元素蚌肉肽可以在制备食品、保健食品及特殊医学用途配方食品的配方中应用。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明由蚌肉制备的富有机微量元素蚌肉肽的工业生产方法，工艺简便，成本低；蚌肉肽与微量元素协同发挥作用，达到绿色食品纯天然的要求，能获得良好的经济效益。
具体实施方式
下面列举实施例，进一步说明本发明，各实施例仅用于说明本发明，并不限制本发明：
实施例1
鲜蚌肉5kg，绞碎，以乳匀机匀浆，置酶解反应罐中，加6倍量水，启动搅拌桨，加入硫酸锌12.4g，搅拌使溶解，罐体夹层通蒸汽加热煮沸30分钟，关闭蒸汽，再通入冷却水使罐内温度冷至55℃，开启加热保温循环，以碱液泵泵入20％氢氧化钠溶液调节pH值8.5，酶液泵泵入蚌肉量0.1％碱性蛋白酶(酶活力为100000U/g)的水混悬液保温酶解1小时，再以酶液泵泵入蚌肉量0.1％菠萝蛋白酶(酶活力为100000U/g)的水混悬液保温酶解1小时，放掉夹层水，夹层通入蒸汽加热煮沸30分钟，放出酶解液，经高速离心机离心(10000转/分钟)，上清液通过超滤膜设备(相对分子质量为3000Da)超滤，透过液通过纳滤膜设备(相对分子质量为150Da)纳滤，未透过液经喷雾干燥(进风温度为200℃，出风温度为100℃)，得到富锌蚌肉肽。经检测，其含肽量为88.3％，含总锌量为0.96％，其中有机态锌占总锌量比例为99.8％。
实施例2
鲜蚌肉5kg，绞碎，以乳匀机匀浆，置酶解反应罐中，加3倍量水，启动搅拌桨，加入葡萄糖酸铬250mg、硫酸锰0.75g、硫酸锌6.2g、亚硒酸钠45mg，搅拌使溶解，罐体夹层通蒸汽加热煮沸30分钟，关闭蒸汽，再通入冷却水使罐内温度冷至60℃，开启加热保温循环，以碱液泵泵入20％氢氧化钠溶液调节pH值7.5，酶液泵泵入蚌肉量0.3％胰蛋白酶(酶活力为100000U/g)的水混悬液保温酶解3小时，再以酶液泵泵入蚌肉量0.3％菠萝蛋白酶(酶活力为100000U/g)的水混悬液保温酶解3小时，放掉夹层水，夹层通入蒸汽加热煮沸30分钟，放出酶解液，经高速离心机离心(10000转/分钟)，上清液通过超滤膜设备(相对分子质量为3000Da)超滤，透过液通过纳滤膜设备(相对分子质量为150Da)纳滤，未透过液经喷雾干燥(进风温度为180℃，出风温度为90℃)，得到富铬锰锌硒蚌肉肽。经检测，其含肽量为86.8％，含铬锰锌硒总量为0.55％，其中有机态铬锰锌硒占铬锰锌硒总量比例为98.6％。
实施例3
取实施例1方法所得的富锌蚌肉肽300g，按富锌蚌肉肽:聚乙二醇400:丙二醇比例为10:38:2混合物料，经胶体磨研磨，以明胶、甘油、纯化水、氧化铁黑按100：40：100：1比例制作软胶囊囊皮胶液，控制胶盒温度55±5℃，保温罐40±5℃，喷体温度36±5℃，以压丸机压制软胶囊，每粒内容物重0.50g，18℃～26℃冷风干燥4h(相对湿度为30％～40％)定型，洗丸、干燥、选丸、包装，制备成软胶囊成品，可以作为保健食品。
Claims (7)
1.一种由蚌肉制备的富有机微量元素蚌肉肽的工业生产方法，其特征在于采用以下工艺步骤：
（1）溶解混合：取鲜蚌肉，绞碎，以乳匀机匀浆，置酶解反应罐中，加3-6倍量水，启动搅拌桨，加入微量元素无机盐，搅拌使溶解，罐体夹层通蒸汽加热煮沸30分钟，关闭蒸汽，再通入冷却水使罐内温度冷至55～60℃，开启加热保温循环；
（2）酶解螯合：以碱液泵泵入20%氢氧化钠溶液调节pH值7.5-8.5，酶液泵泵入蚌肉量0.1-0.3%胰蛋白酶或碱性蛋白酶的水混悬液保温酶解1-3小时，再以酶液泵泵入蚌肉量0.1-0.3%菠萝蛋白酶的水混悬液保温酶解1-3小时，放掉夹层水，夹层通入蒸汽加热煮沸30分钟，放出酶解液；
（3）分离纯化：酶解液经高速离心机离心，上清液通过超滤膜设备超滤，透过液通过纳滤膜设备纳滤；
（4）喷雾干燥：纳滤的未透过液经喷雾干燥，得到富有机微量元素的蚌肉肽。
2.根据权利要求1所述的由蚌肉制备的富有机微量元素蚌肉肽的工业生产方法，其特征在于步骤（1）所述的微量元素无机盐为铬盐、锰盐、锌盐、硒盐、钼盐、硼盐的一种或几种的混合物，加入微量元素的总量为蚌肉量的0.01%-0.1%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的由蚌肉制备的富有机微量元素蚌肉肽的工业生产方法，其特征在于步骤（2）所述的胰蛋白酶酶活力为每克100000U，碱性蛋白酶酶活力为每克100000U，菠萝蛋白酶酶活力为每克100000U。
4.根据权利要求1所述的由蚌肉制备的富有机微量元素蚌肉肽的工业生产方法，其特征在于步骤（3）所述高速离心转速为每分钟8000-10000转，超滤膜的截留相对分子质量为1000-3000Da，纳滤膜的截留相对分子质量为150-300Da。
5.根据权利要求1所述的由蚌肉制备的富有机微量元素蚌肉肽的工业生产方法，其特征在于步骤（4）所述喷雾干燥进风温度为180-200℃，出风温度为90-100℃。
6.根据权利要求1所述的由蚌肉制备的富有机微量元素蚌肉肽的工业生产方法，其特征在于所述富有机微量元素蚌肉肽中，每100g含肽量为80-90g，含铬、锰、锌、硒、钼、硼元素总量为0.1-1.0g，其中有机态占元素总量比例为95-100%。
7.权利要求1所述的由蚌肉制备的富有机微量元素蚌肉肽的工业生产方法所制备的富有机微量元素蚌肉肽在制备食品、保健食品及特殊医学用途配方食品的配方中的应用。
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