CN107797115A - An ultrasonic parking collision avoidance system - Google Patents
An ultrasonic parking collision avoidance system Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
- G01S15/88—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S15/93—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
- G01S15/931—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q9/00—Arrangement or adaptation of signal devices not provided for in one of main groups B60Q1/00 - B60Q7/00, e.g. haptic signalling
- B60Q9/008—Arrangement or adaptation of signal devices not provided for in one of main groups B60Q1/00 - B60Q7/00, e.g. haptic signalling for anti-collision purposes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T7/00—Brake-action initiating means
- B60T7/12—Brake-action initiating means for automatic initiation; for initiation not subject to will of driver or passenger
- B60T7/22—Brake-action initiating means for automatic initiation; for initiation not subject to will of driver or passenger initiated by contact of vehicle, e.g. bumper, with an external object, e.g. another vehicle, or by means of contactless obstacle detectors mounted on the vehicle
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
- G01S15/02—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems using reflection of acoustic waves
- G01S15/06—Systems determining the position data of a target
- G01S15/08—Systems for measuring distance only
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
- G05B19/0423—Input/output
- G05B19/0425—Safety, monitoring
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
- G01S15/88—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S15/93—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
- G01S15/931—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
- G01S2015/932—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles for parking operations
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/20—Pc systems
- G05B2219/26—Pc applications
- G05B2219/2637—Vehicle, car, auto, wheelchair
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明涉及汽车电子技术应用领域，具体为一种超声波泊车防撞系统。包括单片机和超声波探头装置，单片机通过多路选择开关连接多个超声波探头装置，超声波探头装置包括超声波发射驱动装置、超声波收发一体传感器和接收前置放大电路，多路选择开关通过超声波发射驱动装置连接超声波收发一体传感器，超声波收发一体传感器通过接收前置放大电路连接多路选择开关，多路选择开关将接收前置放大电路的信号输出至带通滤波及放大电路，带通滤波及放大电路通过检波及二值化电路连接单片机，单片机还连接有报警提醒装置和自动刹车装置。本发明通过非接触式的超声波探头，探测汽车泊车过程中车身四周的障碍物情况，当车身距离障碍物距离小于驾驶员要求距离时，报警喇叭响起，并启动自动刹车装置。
The invention relates to the application field of automotive electronic technology, in particular to an ultrasonic parking collision avoidance system. It includes a single-chip microcomputer and an ultrasonic probe device. The single-chip microcomputer connects multiple ultrasonic probe devices through a multi-channel selection switch. The ultrasonic probe device includes an ultrasonic transmission drive device, an ultrasonic transceiver integrated sensor and a receiving preamplifier circuit. The ultrasonic transceiver integrated sensor, the ultrasonic transceiver integrated sensor is connected to the multi-channel selector switch through the receiving preamplifier circuit, and the multi-channel selector switch outputs the signal of the receiving preamplifier circuit to the band-pass filter and amplifier circuit, and the band-pass filter and amplifier circuit pass the detection The spreading binarization circuit is connected with the single-chip microcomputer, and the single-chip microcomputer is also connected with an alarm reminding device and an automatic braking device. The invention uses a non-contact ultrasonic probe to detect obstacles around the car body during parking. When the distance between the car body and the obstacle is less than the distance required by the driver, an alarm horn sounds and an automatic braking device is activated.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及汽车电子技术应用领域，具体涉及为一种超声波泊车防撞系统。The invention relates to the application field of automobile electronic technology, in particular to an ultrasonic parking anti-collision system.
背景技术Background technique
当前,汽车的使用日益广泛,在倒车时,因后视镜、后窗盲区较大,而且受到光线照明度影响,所以碰撞事故时有发生。而超声波测距技术是一种以超声波在空气中的传播速度为变量，通过记录声波发射与接收的间隔时间，来计算超声波发射点到障碍物点距离的方法。At present, the use of automobiles is becoming more and more widespread. When reversing, because of the large blind areas of rearview mirrors and rear windows, and the influence of light illumination, collision accidents often occur. Ultrasonic distance measurement technology is a method of calculating the distance from the ultrasonic emission point to the obstacle point by recording the interval time between the emission and reception of the ultrasonic wave by taking the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the air as a variable.
传统的倒车雷达只能监测汽车停泊过程中车尾的障碍情况，不能监测其他方位，并且只有报警提醒装置，却没有强制制动装置，安全性有待提高。The traditional reversing radar can only monitor the obstacles at the rear of the car during parking, but cannot monitor other directions, and there is only an alarm reminder device, but no mandatory braking device, so the safety needs to be improved.
针对上述问题，本发明提出一种防撞泊车系统，通过非接触式的超声波探头，探测汽车泊车过程中车身四周的障碍物情况，当车身距离障碍物距离小于驾驶员要求距离时，报警喇叭响起，并启动自动刹车装置。In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes an anti-collision parking system, which uses a non-contact ultrasonic probe to detect obstacles around the car body during parking, and when the distance between the car body and the obstacle is less than the distance required by the driver, an alarm will be issued. The horn sounds and the automatic brakes are activated.
本发明为了解决上述问题，设计一种超声波泊车防撞系统。In order to solve the above problems, the present invention designs an ultrasonic parking collision avoidance system.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明为了解决上述问题，从而提供一种超声波泊车防撞系统。In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an ultrasonic parking collision avoidance system.
为达到上述目的，本发明的技术方案如下：一种超声波泊车防撞系统，包括单片机和超声波探头装置，所述单片机通过多路选择开关连接多个超声波探头装置，所述多个超声波探头装置分布于汽车前、后、左、右四个方向，且每个方向至少均匀分布两个以上的超声波探头装置，所述超声波探头装置包括超声波发射驱动装置、超声波收发一体传感器和接收前置放大电路，所述多路选择开关通过超声波发射驱动装置连接超声波收发一体传感器，所述超声波收发一体传感器通过接收前置放大电路连接多路选择开关，所述多路选择开关将接收前置放大电路的信号输出至带通滤波及放大电路，所述带通滤波及放大电路通过检波及二值化电路连接单片机，所述单片机还连接有报警提醒装置和自动刹车装置。In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: an ultrasonic parking collision avoidance system, comprising a single-chip microcomputer and an ultrasonic probe device, the single-chip microcomputer is connected to a plurality of ultrasonic probe devices through a multi-channel selection switch, and the plurality of ultrasonic probe devices Distributed in the four directions of front, back, left and right of the car, and at least two ultrasonic probe devices are evenly distributed in each direction. The ultrasonic probe device includes an ultrasonic transmitting drive device, an ultrasonic transceiver integrated sensor and a receiving preamplifier circuit , the multi-way selection switch is connected to the ultrasonic transceiver integrated sensor through the ultrasonic transmission drive device, and the ultrasonic transceiver integrated sensor is connected to the multi-way selection switch through the receiving preamplifier circuit, and the multi-way selection switch will receive the signal of the preamplifier circuit Output to the band-pass filtering and amplifying circuit, the band-pass filtering and amplifying circuit is connected to a single-chip microcomputer through a detection and binarization circuit, and the single-chip microcomputer is also connected to an alarm reminder device and an automatic braking device.
优选的，所述超声波发射驱动装置包括产生脉冲时序电路、功率放大电路和匹配网络电路，所述产生脉冲时序电路通过功率放大电路与匹配网络电路相连，所述匹配网络电路与所述收发一体传感器相连；Preferably, the ultrasonic emission drive device includes a pulse generation sequence circuit, a power amplification circuit and a matching network circuit, the pulse generation sequence circuit is connected to the matching network circuit through the power amplification circuit, and the matching network circuit is connected to the transceiver integrated sensor connected;
优选的，所述接收前置放大电路包括隔离电路、初级放大电路、解调电路和放大滤波电路，所述隔离电路通过初级放大电路与解调电路相连，所述解调电路通过放大滤波电路与单片机相连。Preferably, the receiving preamplifier circuit includes an isolation circuit, a primary amplification circuit, a demodulation circuit and an amplification filter circuit, the isolation circuit is connected to the demodulation circuit through the primary amplification circuit, and the demodulation circuit is connected to the demodulation circuit through the amplification filter circuit MCU connected.
优选的，所述超声波收发一体传感器是由压电陶瓷晶片制成。Preferably, the ultrasonic transceiver integrated sensor is made of piezoelectric ceramic wafer.
优选的，所述超声波探头装置包括前超声波探头装置、后超声波探头、左超声波探头、右超声波探头，且前超声波探头装置、后超声波探头、左超声波探头、右超声波探头均设有4个超声波探头。Preferably, the ultrasonic probe device includes a front ultrasonic probe device, a rear ultrasonic probe, a left ultrasonic probe, and a right ultrasonic probe, and the front ultrasonic probe device, the rear ultrasonic probe, the left ultrasonic probe, and the right ultrasonic probe are all provided with 4 ultrasonic probes .
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：利用超声波对色彩、光照度不敏感,可工作于比较恶劣的环境,且超声波传感器结构简单、体积小、成本低等特点,以单片机为控制核心,完成对多路障碍物的实时检测和精确测距,用于倒车防撞报警，并启动自动刹车装置，大大增强了汽车的安全性。Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the use of ultrasonic waves is not sensitive to color and illumination, can work in relatively harsh environments, and the ultrasonic sensor has the characteristics of simple structure, small size, low cost, etc., and uses a single-chip microcomputer as the control core ,Complete the real-time detection and precise ranging of multi-way obstacles, used for reversing anti-collision alarm, and start the automatic braking device, which greatly enhances the safety of the car.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的整体结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
请参阅图1，本发明提供一种技术方案：一种超声波泊车防撞系统，包括单片机和超声波探头装置，单片机通过多路选择开关连接多个超声波探头装置，多个超声波探头装置分布于汽车前后左右四个方向，且每个方向至少均匀分布两个以上的超声波探头装置，超声波探头装置包括超声波发射驱动装置、超声波收发一体传感器和接收前置放大电路，多路选择开关通过超声波发射驱动装置连接超声波收发一体传感器，超声波收发一体传感器通过接收前置放大电路连接多路选择开关，多路选择开关将接收前置放大电路的信号输出至带通滤波及放大电路，带通滤波及放大电路通过检波及二值化电路连接单片机，单片机还连接有报警提醒装置和自动刹车装置。Please refer to Fig. 1, the present invention provides a kind of technical scheme: a kind of ultrasonic parking anti-collision system, comprises single-chip microcomputer and ultrasonic probe device, single-chip microcomputer connects a plurality of ultrasonic probe devices through multi-way selection switch, and multiple ultrasonic probe devices are distributed in automobile There are four directions, front, back, left, and right, and at least two ultrasonic probe devices are evenly distributed in each direction. Connect the ultrasonic transceiver integrated sensor, the ultrasonic transceiver integrated sensor is connected to the multi-channel selector switch through the receiving preamplifier circuit, the multi-channel selector switch outputs the signal of the receiving preamplifier circuit to the band-pass filter and amplifier circuit, and the band-pass filter and amplifier circuit passes through The wave detection and binarization circuits are connected with the single-chip microcomputer, and the single-chip microcomputer is also connected with an alarm reminding device and an automatic braking device.
在一个实施例，超声波发射驱动装置包括产生脉冲时序电路、功率放大电路和匹配网络电路，产生脉冲时序电路通过功率放大电路与匹配网络电路相连，匹配网络电路与所述收发一体传感器相连。In one embodiment, the ultrasonic transmitting drive device includes a pulse generation sequence circuit, a power amplification circuit and a matching network circuit, the pulse generation sequence circuit is connected to the matching network circuit through the power amplification circuit, and the matching network circuit is connected to the transceiver integrated sensor.
在另一个实施例里，接收前置放大电路包括隔离电路、初级放大电路、解调电路和放大滤波电路，隔离电路通过初级放大电路与解调电路相连，解调电路通过放大滤波电路与单片机相连。In another embodiment, the receiving preamplifier circuit includes an isolation circuit, a primary amplification circuit, a demodulation circuit and an amplification filter circuit, the isolation circuit is connected to the demodulation circuit through the primary amplification circuit, and the demodulation circuit is connected to the single-chip microcomputer through the amplification filter circuit .
超声波收发一体传感器是由压电陶瓷晶片制成。The ultrasonic transceiver integrated sensor is made of piezoelectric ceramic wafer.
超声波探头装置包括前超声波探头装置、后超声波探头、左超声波探头、右超声波探头，且前超声波探头装置、后超声波探头、左超声波探头、右超声波探头均设有4个超声波探头。The ultrasonic probe device includes a front ultrasonic probe device, a rear ultrasonic probe, a left ultrasonic probe, and a right ultrasonic probe, and the front ultrasonic probe device, the rear ultrasonic probe, the left ultrasonic probe, and the right ultrasonic probe are all provided with 4 ultrasonic probes.
本发明利用超声波传感器结构简单、体积小、成本低等特点,以单片机为控制核心,完成对多路障碍物的实时检测和精确测距,用于倒车防撞报警，本系统设备成本低、精度高、实时性好、可靠性高。The invention utilizes the characteristics of the ultrasonic sensor such as simple structure, small size, and low cost, and uses a single-chip microcomputer as the control core to complete real-time detection and accurate distance measurement of multiple obstacles, and is used for reversing anti-collision alarms. The system has low equipment cost and high precision. High, real-time, high reliability.
本发明提出的技术方案尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施方式，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。Although the technical solution proposed by the present invention has shown and described the implementation of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that many modifications can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. changes, modifications, substitutions and variations, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
- The CAS 1. a kind of ultrasonic wave is parked, it is characterised in that including single-chip microcomputer and ultrasonic probe apparatus, the single-chip microcomputer Multiple ultrasonic probe apparatus are connected by multidiameter option switch, the multiple ultrasonic probe apparatus be distributed in automobile it is forward and backward, Left and right four direction, and each direction is at least uniformly distributed more than two ultrasonic probe apparatus, the ultrasonic probe dress Put including ultrasonic wave transmitting drive device, ultrasonic transmission/reception integrative sensor and receive pre-amplification circuit, the multi-path choice Switch launches drive device by ultrasonic wave and connects ultrasonic transmission/reception integrative sensor, and the ultrasonic transmission/reception integrative sensor leads to Reception pre-amplification circuit connection multidiameter option switch is crossed, the multidiameter option switch is defeated by the signal for receiving pre-amplification circuit Go out to bandpass filtering and amplifying circuit, the bandpass filtering and amplifying circuit and single-chip microcomputer connected by detection and binarization circuit, The single-chip microcomputer is also associated with warning reminding device and dead-man's device.
- The CAS 2. a kind of ultrasonic wave as claimed in claim 1 is parked, it is characterised in that the ultrasonic wave transmitting driving dress Put including producing pulse sequence circuit, power amplification circuit and matching network circuit, the generation pulse sequence circuit passes through work( Rate amplifying circuit is connected with matching network circuit, and the matching network circuit is connected with the transceiver sensor.
- The CAS 3. a kind of ultrasonic wave as claimed in claim 1 is parked, it is characterised in that the reception pre-amplification circuit Including isolation circuit, primary amplifying circuit, demodulator circuit and filtering and amplifying circuit, the isolation circuit passes through primary amplifying circuit It is connected with demodulator circuit, the demodulator circuit is connected by filtering and amplifying circuit with single-chip microcomputer.
- The CAS 4. a kind of ultrasonic wave as claimed in claim 1 is parked, it is characterised in that the ultrasonic transmission/reception integrally passes Sensor is made up of piezoelectric ceramic wafer.
- The CAS 5. a kind of ultrasonic wave as claimed in claim 1 is parked, it is characterised in that the ultrasonic probe apparatus bag Include preceding ultrasonic probe apparatus, rear ultrasonic probe, left ultrasonic probe, right ultrasonic probe, and preceding ultrasonic probe apparatus, Ultrasonic probe, left ultrasonic probe, right ultrasonic probe are equipped with 4 ultrasonic probes afterwards.
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| CN201711292740.7A CN107797115A (en) | 2017-12-08 | 2017-12-08 | An ultrasonic parking collision avoidance system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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