CN107793201A - It is a kind of using apple tree beta pruning and its method for superseded production of fruit trees biological organic fertilizer - Google Patents
It is a kind of using apple tree beta pruning and its method for superseded production of fruit trees biological organic fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of using apple tree beta pruning and its method for superseded production of fruit trees biological organic fertilizer, specifically comprise the following steps：Step 1, pretreatment of raw material；It is wood chip unit that apple tree and its beta pruning, which are crushed, and screens length and high temperature and high pressure steam pretreatment is carried out to it in 20~60mm wood raw material, and 4~6h of natural drying is carried out after the completion of processing；Step 2, fermentative microorganism mix bacterium agent is prepared；Step 3, the pretreated raw material of step 1 is subjected to compost fermentation；Step 4, the fertilizer after step 3 is fermented carries out turning repeatedly, carries out compost fermentation again；Step 5, fertilizer packaging preserves.This method makes the effective returning to the field of agriculture and forestry organic waste material and reduces it to bank up and burning process pollution problem to caused by environment and soil.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agriculture and forestry organic waste material processing and cleaning composting production development technique field, is related to one kind and utilizes apple tree
Beta pruning and its method for superseded production of fruit trees biological organic fertilizer.
Background technology
Agriculture and forestry organic waste material refers to the organic species being dropped in farm-forestry crop harvest and process, mainly including agriculture
Caused plant remnants classes discarded object such as agricultural crop straw, leaf, fruit tree and beta pruning etc. during production of forestry, mainly into
It is divided into lignocellulosic.In recent years, as the continuous development of planting industry etc., the quantity of agriculture and forestry organic waste material increasingly increase.With Shaanxi
Exemplified by saving planting fruit trees base, fruit tree brush wood caused by its annual beta pruning of nearly 10,000,000 mu of apple trees and the fruit for eliminating renewal
Tree, stock number is huge, and especially the apple aristogenesis area in Liquan condition, planting fruit trees area reach nearly 400,000 mu, and it eliminates fruit tree
And trimming branch is largely discarded, utilization rate is relatively low.The branch for eliminating fruit tree and trimming arbitrarily abandons, and not only influences town and country and holds
Looks, the wasting of resources is caused, also easily causes environmental pollution.
It is at present burning, landfill etc. to its basic handling method.Landfill not only wastes limited land resource, while mould
Become material and easily bring pollution to air, soil and underground water.Compared with landfill, burn and take up an area small, processing time is short and available
Discarded object residual heat resources, but caused a large amount of pernicious gases can cause secondary pollution to environment in burning process.Abroad, agriculture
Woods waste gathering using existing accumulation well, its using town and country discarded object such as deadwood, house refuse etc. come produce regeneration soil,
Compost come replace natural soils be used for natural soils improvement, studies have shown that agriculture and forestry organic waste material compost regenerationization utilization than filling out
Bury, burn it is more economical, more environmentally friendly.
For the angle of resource economics, agriculture and forestry organic waste material is both the primary pollution source of agricultural environment, while is money again
The maximum renewable biomass resources of source amount.Its abundant crude fibre composition contained, a large amount of crude protein, lignin etc. itself
Be exactly the carrier of energy, discarded object can be not only reduced to its reasonable development and banks up pollution problem, moreover it is possible to bring considerable ecology,
Economic and social benefit.
Contain the nutrition such as substantial amounts of organic matter and abundant nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium in agriculture and forestry organic waste material especially fruit tree and its beta pruning
Element, it is valuable renewable resource.These discarded objects are converted into available ecological organic fertilier by proper treatment, are them
The effective means of recycling.At present, China is more to the effective Land use systems of agriculture and forestry organic waste material recycling also uses composting process,
Biomass degradation is converted into organic humus, the process is not under certain temperature, humidity and pH value condition using microorganism
It is only capable of the solution agriculture and forestry organic waste material wasting of resources and is difficult to handling problems, while the biological organic fertilizer converted is manured into soil and can improved
The natural soil content of organic matter, increase its porosity, strengthen retention capacity of soil.
At present, organic castoff compost process study has achieved certain achievement, i.e., microorganism is utilized under aerobic conditions
Biomass organic matter is promoted to be converted to humus in controllable environment, to reach effective utilization of resource.But composting process is universal
Fermentation period is long, cost is high, windrow fertilizer efficiency is low etc. be present, this is also that domestic agriculture and forestry organic waste material compost recycling fails
The main reason for effectively being promoted.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of using apple tree beta pruning and its method for superseded production of fruit trees biological organic fertilizer,
This method makes the effective returning to the field of agriculture and forestry organic waste material and reduces it to bank up and burning process pollution problem to caused by environment and soil.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is that one kind utilizes apple tree beta pruning and its superseded production of fruit trees biological organic fertilizer
Method, specifically comprise the following steps：
Step 1, pretreatment of raw material
It is wood chip unit that apple tree and its beta pruning, which are crushed, and screens wood raw material of the length in 20~60mm and it is carried out
High temperature and high pressure steam is pre-processed, and 4~6h of natural drying is carried out after the completion of processing；
Step 2, fermentative microorganism mix bacterium agent is prepared；
Step 3, mix bacterium agent made from step 2 is added through will carry out compost fermentation in the pretreated raw material of step 1；
Step 4, the fertilizer after step 3 is fermented carries out turning repeatedly, carries out compost fermentation again；
Step 5, fertilizer packaging preserves.
The features of the present invention also resides in,
Temperature when wherein step 1 is to raw material progress high temperature and high pressure steam pretreatment is 140~150 DEG C, and Stress control is 4
The mass ratio of~6Mpa, wood chip and water is 1:2,30~40min of steam period.
The detailed process of wherein step 2 is：
Trichoderma reesei, aspergillus fumigatus, bacillus licheniformis and the pseudomonad strain used of fermenting are respectively in PDA culture medium
Upper 30 DEG C of incubated 6~7d, after spore maturation, spore is accessed in PDA liquid seed culture mediums, it is aerobic at 28~30 DEG C
Under the conditions of cultivate 22~26h, make hyphae length dry weight up to 6~8g/L, then by cultured seed liquor access seed fermentation tank culture
12~24h, decomposed bacterium is formed, respectively press the decomposed bacterium that trichoderma reesei, aspergillus fumigatus, bacillus licheniformis and pseudomonad are formed
According to 1:2~3:1:1 is configured to fermentative microorganism mix bacterium agent.
Obtained fermentative microorganism mix bacterium agent will be enlarged culture before in step 2, expand the process of culture
It is as follows：Obtained fermentative microorganism is inoculated in seed culture fluid after inclined-plane culture, at 25~35 DEG C, 150rpm is cultivated bacterium
24h obtains seed liquor, and for fungi at 25~30 DEG C, 150rpm cultures 12h obtains seed liquor, then by kind that mass fraction is 10%
Sub- liquid, which is inoculated into fermentation culture, is enlarged culture.
Trichoderma reesei wherein in step 2, aspergillus fumigatus, the inoculative proportion of bacillus licheniformis and pseudomonad strain are 1:2
~3:2:1.
The detailed process of wherein step 3 is：
It will be placed in through the pretreated raw material of step 1 in the fermentation vat of fermentation greenhouse, step 2 added into fermentation vat and is prepared
Fermentative microorganism mix bacterium agent that is good and having activated, carries out a compost fermentation, compost moisture content after being sufficiently mixed
For 45~65%, fermentation temperature is 50~65 DEG C, and fermentation time is 7~9d.
The inoculum concentration of fermentative microorganism mix bacterium agent is 5~7%v/w wherein in step 3.
Wherein step 4 is specific as follows：
The cultured fermentative microorganism mix bacterium agent of step 2 is sprayed into fertilizer and adds urea mix supplement nitrogen source, is made
Carbon-nitrogen ratio C/N is 25~35 in substrate:1, the mix bacterium agent newly supplemented and composting are fully well mixed by turning process, compost
35~45%, compost temperature is controlled at 50~60 DEG C, and temperature sensor is inserted on heap body for moisture control, monitoring fermentation in real time
Temperature, when temperature is higher than 60 DEG C, progress turning is breathed freely, and again after 14~16d of fermentation reaction, organic matter substantially completely drops stacking
Solution is converted into stable humus, and turning fermentation process terminates.
The inoculum concentration of fermentative microorganism mix bacterium agent is 1.5%~3%v/w wherein in step 4, and urea magnitude of recruitment is 1%
~2%w/w.
The detailed process of wherein step 5 is as follows：
Compost maturity matter after step 4 compost fermentation is placed at a temperature of 20~26 DEG C and further dries 20~24h, so
Sieve 20~40 mesh afterwards, and obtained powder carries out being distributed into bag, each individually to have inner plastic in bag to keep in composting
Moisture maintain the activity of wherein microorganism, obtained particle, which then continues to put into chain type pulverizer, carries out separating twice, after sieving
Bag is distributed into again, packaged biological organic fertilizer is stacked in fertilizer finishing room, workshop temperature should be maintained at normal temperature.
The invention has the advantages that it is of the invention by the use of discarded fruit tree branch as raw material, by its pretreatment secondary fermentation compost
Process realizes the harmless treatment of raw material, and the performance that composting cropland application can not only improve natural soils can also reduce farming
Use of the thing cultivation to chemical fertilizer；The present invention is joined using hydro-thermal steam pre-treatment and twice composting fermentation technology, control reaction
Number, the fast degradation under the effect of mixed microorganism microbial inoculum of the organic matter in apple tree and beta pruning discarded object is set to ultimately form stabilization
Compost maturity matter, makes biomass be efficiently converted into biological organic fertilizer；The biological organic fertilizer that the inventive method prepares produced
Journey is simple, and cost is cheap, and fertilizer returning to the field is obvious to the improvement effect of soil function, and crops are applying the biological organic fertilizer
Location has obvious growth vigor.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
The present invention is a kind of using apple tree beta pruning and its method for superseded production of fruit trees biological organic fertilizer, specifically includes as follows
Step：
Step 1, pretreatment of raw material
It is wood chip unit that apple tree and its beta pruning, which are crushed, and screens wood raw material of the length in 20~60mm and it is carried out
High temperature and high pressure steam is pre-processed, and 4~6h of natural drying is carried out after the completion of processing；
Temperature when step 1 carries out high temperature and high pressure steam pretreatment to raw material is 140~150 DEG C, Stress control 4~
The mass ratio of 6Mpa, wood chip and water is 1:2,30~40min of steam period.
Step 2, fermentative microorganism mix bacterium agent is prepared；
In PDA, (PAD is used trichoderma reesei, aspergillus fumigatus, bacillus licheniformis and the pseudomonad strain of fermenting respectively
The abbreviation of potato dextrose agar, the formula of PAD culture mediums is 1L：200g potatos, 20g glucose, 20g agar) culture
30 DEG C of incubated 6~7d on base, after spore maturation, spore is accessed into PDA liquid seed culture medium (liquid seed culture mediums
Formula be 1L：200g potatos, 20g glucose) in, 22~26h is cultivated under 28~30 DEG C of aerobic conditions, does hyphae length
Weighed 6~8g/L, then cultured seed liquor is accessed into seed fermentation tank 12~24h of culture, decomposed bacterium is formed, respectively by Richter scale
The decomposed bacterium that trichoderma, aspergillus fumigatus, bacillus licheniformis and pseudomonad are formed is according to 1:2~3:1:1 is configured to fermentative microorganism
Mix bacterium agent；
The thalline content of unmixing single microorganism bacterium solution is 6~8g/L after being activated in step 2.
Obtained fermentative microorganism mix bacterium agent will be enlarged culture before in step 2, expand the process of culture
It is as follows：Slant culture is inoculated in seed culture fluid, for bacterium at 25~35 DEG C, 150rpm cultures 24h obtains seed liquor, fungi
At 25~30 DEG C, 150rpm cultures 12h obtains seed liquor, and the seed liquor that mass fraction is 10% then is inoculated into fermented and cultured
Culture is enlarged in liquid.
Trichoderma reesei in step 2, aspergillus fumigatus, the inoculative proportion of bacillus licheniformis and pseudomonad strain are 1:2~3:
2:1。
Step 3, compost fermentation is carried out
It will be placed in through the pretreated raw material of step 1 in the fermentation vat of fermentation greenhouse, step 2 added into fermentation vat and is prepared
Fermentative microorganism mix bacterium agent that is good and having activated, carries out a compost fermentation, compost moisture content after being sufficiently mixed
For 45~65%, fermentation temperature is 50~65 DEG C, and fermentation time is 7~9d；
The inoculum concentration of fermentative microorganism mix bacterium agent is 5~7% (v/w) in step 3.
Step 4, the fertilizer after step 3 is fermented carries out turning repeatedly, carries out compost fermentation again；
The cultured fermentative microorganism mix bacterium agent of step 2 is sprayed into fertilizer and adds urea mix supplement nitrogen source, is made
Carbon-nitrogen ratio C/N is 25~35 in substrate:1, the mix bacterium agent newly supplemented and composting are fully well mixed by turning process, compost
35~45%, compost temperature is controlled at 50~60 DEG C, and temperature sensor is inserted on heap body for moisture control, monitoring fermentation in real time
Temperature, when temperature is higher than 60 DEG C, progress turning is breathed freely, and again after 14~16d of fermentation reaction, organic matter substantially completely drops stacking
Solution is converted into stable humus, and turning fermentation process terminates；
The inoculum concentration of fermentative microorganism mix bacterium agent is 1.5%~3% (v/w) in step 4, urea magnitude of recruitment is 1%~
2% (w/w).
Step 5, fertilizer packaging preserves
Compost maturity matter after step 4 compost fermentation is placed at a temperature of 20~26 DEG C and further dries 20~24h, so
Sieve 20~40 mesh afterwards, and obtained powder carries out being distributed into bag, each individually to have inner plastic in bag to keep in composting
Certain moisture maintains the activity of wherein microorganism, and obtained particle then continues to put into chain type pulverizer progress separating twice, mistake
Bag is distributed into after sieve again, packaged biological organic fertilizer is stacked in fertilizer finishing room, workshop temperature should be maintained at normal temperature.
Embodiment 1
It is a kind of using apple tree beta pruning and its method for superseded production of fruit trees biological organic fertilizer, including procedure below：
Step 1, pretreatment of raw material：Collected branch is subjected to pulverization process, screening length is between 20~60mm
Wood chip unit is sent into hydrothermal pretreatment reactor by conveyer belt and carries out hydro-thermal steam pre-treatment, pretreatment is specific as raw material
Process is：The raw material 1000g after crushing is weighed, in solid-liquid (wood chip and water) mass ratio 1:It is well mixed under conditions of 2 with water,
140 DEG C of insulation reaction 30min of hydrothermal system, course of reaction system pressure maintain 4Mpa, and pretreatment stops heating after terminating, beaten
Main treatment tank is opened, substrate is collected after entering surge tank and the 4h that cools for next step fermentation raw material；
Step 2, the preparation of mixed microorganism microbial inoculum：To ferment trichoderma reesei used, aspergillus fumigatus, bacillus licheniformis and
(trichoderma reesei, aspergillus fumigatus, the inoculative proportion of bacillus licheniformis and pseudomonad strain are 1 to pseudomonad strain:2:2:1) divide
30 DEG C of incubated 6d not in PDA culture medium, after spore maturation, spore is accessed in PDA liquid seed culture mediums, 28
22h is cultivated under DEG C aerobic condition, hyphae length dry weight is reached 6g/L, then cultured seed liquor is accessed into seed fermentation tank culture
12h, decomposed bacterium is formed, the decomposed bacterium for respectively forming trichoderma reesei, aspergillus fumigatus, bacillus licheniformis and pseudomonad is according to 1:
2:1:1 is configured to fermentative microorganism mix bacterium agent；Obtained fermentative microorganism is inoculated in seed culture fluid after inclined-plane culture
Activated, bacterium is at 25 DEG C, and 150rpm cultures 24h obtains seed liquor, and for fungi at 25 DEG C, 150rpm cultures 12h obtains seed
Liquid, seed liquor is inoculated into zymotic fluid according to 10% (v/v) inoculum concentration and expands culture 12h.
Step 3, composting fermentation process：
It will be placed in through the pretreated raw material of step 1 in the fermentation vat of fermentation greenhouse, step 2 added into fermentation vat and is prepared
Fermentative microorganism mix bacterium agent that is good and having activated, according to 5% (v/w) inoculum concentration by mixed microorganism microbial inoculum after being sufficiently mixed
Add in question response substrate and stir and carry out a compost fermentation, compost moisture content is 45%, and fermentation temperature is
50 DEG C, fermentation time 7d；
Step 4, the fertilizer after step 3 is fermented carries out turning repeatedly, carries out compost fermentation again；
The cultured fermentative microorganism mix bacterium agent of step 2 is sprayed into fertilizer and adds urea mix supplement nitrogen source, this
Process adds the mixed microorganism microbial inoculum for activating and preparing in advance according to 1.5% (v/w) inoculum concentration, while according to 1% (w/w)
Mass ratio add a certain amount of urea so that in substrate C/N be 25:1, ensure that microbial activity accelerates its metabolic processes,
The mix bacterium agent newly supplemented and composting are fully well mixed by turning process, and the control of compost moisture is 35%, compost temperature control
System inserts temperature sensor on heap body, monitors fermentation temperature in real time at 50 DEG C, and when temperature is higher than 60 DEG C, progress turning is breathed freely,
For stacking again after fermentation reaction 14d, substantially completely Degradation and Transformation is stable humus to organic matter, obtains organic fertilizer, turns over
Heap fermentation process terminates；
Step 5, fertilizer packaging preserves：Compost maturity matter after step 4 compost fermentation is placed at a temperature of 20 DEG C and enters one
Step dries 20h, and then sieve 20 mesh, and obtained powder carries out being distributed into bag, each individually to have inner plastic in bag to keep
Certain moisture maintains the activity of wherein microorganism in composting, and it is secondary that obtained particle then continues the pulverizer progress of input chain type
Crush, be distributed into bag after sieving again, packaged biological organic fertilizer be stacked in fertilizer finishing room, workshop temperature should be maintained at
Normal temperature.
Embodiment 2
It is a kind of using apple tree beta pruning and its method for superseded production of fruit trees biological organic fertilizer, including procedure below：
Step 1, pretreatment of raw material：Collected branch is subjected to pulverization process, screening length is between 20~60mm
Wood chip unit is sent into hydrothermal pretreatment reactor by conveyer belt and carries out hydro-thermal steam pre-treatment, pretreatment is specific as raw material
Process is：The raw material 1000g after crushing is weighed, in solid-liquid (wood chip and water) mass ratio 1:It is well mixed under conditions of 2 with water,
145 DEG C of insulation reaction 35min of hydrothermal system, course of reaction system pressure maintain 5Mpa, and pretreatment stops heating after terminating, beaten
Main treatment tank is opened, substrate is collected after entering surge tank and the 5h that cools for next step fermentation raw material；
Step 2, the preparation of mixed microorganism microbial inoculum：To ferment trichoderma reesei used, aspergillus fumigatus, bacillus licheniformis and
(trichoderma reesei, aspergillus fumigatus, the inoculative proportion of bacillus licheniformis and pseudomonad strain are 1 to pseudomonad strain:2.5:2:1)
30 DEG C of incubated 6.5d in PDA culture medium respectively, after spore maturation, spore is accessed in PDA liquid seed culture mediums,
24h is cultivated under 29 DEG C of aerobic conditions, hyphae length dry weight is reached 7g/L, then cultured seed liquor is accessed into the training of seed fermentation tank
Support 18h, form decomposed bacterium, respectively by trichoderma reesei, aspergillus fumigatus, bacillus licheniformis and pseudomonad formed decomposed bacterium according to
1:2.5:1:1 is configured to fermentative microorganism mix bacterium agent；Obtained fermentative microorganism is inoculated in seed training after inclined-plane culture
Nutrient solution is activated, and bacterium is at 30 DEG C, and 150rpm cultures 24h obtains seed liquor, and at 28 DEG C, 150rpm cultures 14h is obtained fungi
Seed liquor, seed liquor is inoculated into zymotic fluid according to 10% (v/v) inoculum concentration and expands culture 12h.
Step 3, composting fermentation process：
It will be placed in through the pretreated raw material of step 1 in the fermentation vat of fermentation greenhouse, step 2 added into fermentation vat and is prepared
Fermentative microorganism mix bacterium agent that is good and having activated, according to 6% (v/w) inoculum concentration by mixed microorganism microbial inoculum after being sufficiently mixed
Add in question response substrate and stir and carry out a compost fermentation, compost moisture content is 55%, and fermentation temperature is
60 DEG C, fermentation time 8d；
Step 4, the fertilizer after step 3 is fermented carries out turning repeatedly, carries out compost fermentation again；
The cultured fermentative microorganism mix bacterium agent of step 2 is sprayed into fertilizer and adds urea mix supplement nitrogen source, this
Process adds the mixed microorganism microbial inoculum for activating and preparing in advance according to 2% (v/w) inoculum concentration, while according to 1.5% (w/w)
Mass ratio add a certain amount of urea so that in substrate C/N be 30:1, ensure that microbial activity accelerates its metabolic processes,
The mix bacterium agent newly supplemented and composting are fully well mixed by turning process, and the control of compost moisture is 40%, compost temperature control
System inserts temperature sensor on heap body, monitors fermentation temperature in real time at 55 DEG C, and when temperature is higher than 60 DEG C, progress turning is breathed freely,
For stacking again after fermentation reaction 15d, substantially completely Degradation and Transformation is stable humus to organic matter, obtains organic fertilizer, turns over
Heap fermentation process terminates；
Step 5, fertilizer packaging preserves：Compost maturity matter after step 4 compost fermentation is placed at a temperature of 23 DEG C and enters one
Step dries 22h, and then sieve 30 mesh, and obtained powder carries out being distributed into bag, each individually to have inner plastic in bag to keep
Certain moisture maintains the activity of wherein microorganism in composting, and it is secondary that obtained particle then continues the pulverizer progress of input chain type
Crush, be distributed into bag after sieving again, packaged biological organic fertilizer be stacked in fertilizer finishing room, workshop temperature should be maintained at
Normal temperature.
Embodiment 3
It is a kind of using apple tree beta pruning and its method for superseded production of fruit trees biological organic fertilizer, including procedure below：
Step 1, pretreatment of raw material：Collected branch is subjected to pulverization process, screening length is between 20~60mm
Wood chip unit is sent into hydrothermal pretreatment reactor by conveyer belt and carries out hydro-thermal steam pre-treatment, pretreatment is specific as raw material
Process is：The raw material 1000g after crushing is weighed, in solid-liquid (wood chip and water) mass ratio 1:It is well mixed under conditions of 2 with water,
150 DEG C of insulation reaction 40min of hydrothermal system, course of reaction system pressure maintain 6Mpa, and pretreatment stops heating after terminating, beaten
Main treatment tank is opened, substrate is collected after entering surge tank and the 6h that cools for next step fermentation raw material；
Step 2, the preparation of mixed microorganism microbial inoculum：To ferment trichoderma reesei used, aspergillus fumigatus, bacillus licheniformis and
(trichoderma reesei, aspergillus fumigatus, the inoculative proportion of bacillus licheniformis and pseudomonad strain are 1 to pseudomonad strain:3:2:1) divide
30 DEG C of incubated 7d not in PDA culture medium, after spore maturation, spore is accessed in PDA liquid seed culture mediums, 30
26h is cultivated under DEG C aerobic condition, hyphae length dry weight is reached 8g/L, then cultured seed liquor is accessed into seed fermentation tank culture
24h, decomposed bacterium is formed, the decomposed bacterium for respectively forming trichoderma reesei, aspergillus fumigatus, bacillus licheniformis and pseudomonad is according to 1:
3:1:1 is configured to fermentative microorganism mix bacterium agent；Obtained fermentative microorganism is inoculated in seed culture fluid after inclined-plane culture
Activated, bacterium is at 35 DEG C, and 150rpm cultures 24h obtains seed liquor, and for fungi at 30 DEG C, 150rpm cultures 12h obtains seed
Liquid, seed liquor is inoculated into zymotic fluid according to 10% (v/v) inoculum concentration and expands culture 12h.
Step 3, composting fermentation process：
It will be placed in through the pretreated raw material of step 1 in the fermentation vat of fermentation greenhouse, step 2 added into fermentation vat and is prepared
Fermentative microorganism mix bacterium agent that is good and having activated, according to 7% (v/w) inoculum concentration by mixed microorganism microbial inoculum after being sufficiently mixed
Add in question response substrate and stir and carry out a compost fermentation, compost moisture content is 65%, and fermentation temperature is
65 DEG C, fermentation time 9d；
Step 4, the fertilizer after step 3 is fermented carries out turning repeatedly, carries out compost fermentation again；
The cultured fermentative microorganism mix bacterium agent of step 2 is sprayed into fertilizer and adds urea mix supplement nitrogen source, this
Process adds the mixed microorganism microbial inoculum for activating and preparing in advance according to 3% (v/w) inoculum concentration, while according to 2% (w/w's)
Mass ratio adds a certain amount of urea so that C/N is 35 in substrate:1, ensure that microbial activity accelerates its metabolic processes, turn over
The mix bacterium agent newly supplemented and composting are fully well mixed by heap process, and the control of compost moisture is 45%, compost temperature control
At 60 DEG C, temperature sensor is inserted on heap body, monitors fermentation temperature in real time, when temperature is higher than 60 DEG C, progress turning is breathed freely, heap
For pile again after fermentation reaction 16d, substantially completely Degradation and Transformation is stable humus to organic matter, obtains organic fertilizer, turning
Fermentation process terminates；
Step 5, fertilizer packaging preserves：Compost maturity matter after step 4 compost fermentation is placed at a temperature of 26 DEG C and enters one
Step dries 24h, and then sieve 40 mesh, and obtained powder carries out being distributed into bag, each individually to have inner plastic in bag to keep
Certain moisture maintains the activity of wherein microorganism in composting, and it is secondary that obtained particle then continues the pulverizer progress of input chain type
Crush, be distributed into bag after sieving again, packaged biological organic fertilizer be stacked in fertilizer finishing room, workshop temperature should be maintained at
Normal temperature.
It is separately sampled after above example prepares fertilizer, measurement result such as table 1 below：
Table 1
The composting quality of finished that it can be seen from above-mentioned table 1 prepared by biological organic fertilizer method for transformation of the present invention compared with
It is good, environmental protection, composting cycle 21d, and finished product fertilizer, without any peculiar smell, color is brown, it is thin in powdery or tiny granular, feel
Greasy, rotten degree is high, is adapted to batch production large-scale production.
It is described the invention provides a kind of using apple tree beta pruning and its method for superseded production of fruit trees biological organic fertilizer
Microbial bacterial agent is cultivated through expanding, and can improve the vigor of single bacterial classification substrate, meets the needs of large-scale production, described
Trichoderma reesei, aspergillus fumigatus, the configuration proportion of bacillus licheniformis and pseudomonad mixed microorganism microbial inoculum can improve compost
Temperature, promote fermenting substrate decomposed, the inoculum concentration of described microbial inoculum, the decomposed speed of substrate can be accelerated, promote substrate effectively to drop
Solution, the control of described fermented manure temperature, it is ensured that compost reaction is normally carried out, the system that such a method can be rapidly and efficiently
For biological organic fertilizer, and fertilizer stay in grade is gone out, field effect is obvious, and market potential is huge.
Claims (10)
- It is 1. a kind of using apple tree beta pruning and its method for superseded production of fruit trees biological organic fertilizer, it is characterised in that：Specifically include Following steps：Step 1, pretreatment of raw material；It is wood chip unit that apple tree and its beta pruning, which are crushed, and screens wood raw material of the length in 20~60mm and carry out high temperature to it High steam is pre-processed, and 4~6h of natural drying is carried out after the completion of processing；Step 2, fermentative microorganism mix bacterium agent is prepared；Step 3, mix bacterium agent made from step 2 is added through will carry out compost fermentation in the pretreated raw material of step 1；Step 4, the fertilizer after step 3 is fermented carries out turning repeatedly, carries out compost fermentation again；Step 5, fertilizer packaging preserves.
- 2. it is according to claim 1 a kind of using apple tree beta pruning and its method for superseded production of fruit trees biological organic fertilizer, It is characterized in that：The temperature when step 1 carries out high temperature and high pressure steam pretreatment to raw material is 140~150 DEG C, Stress control In 4~6Mpa, the mass ratio of wood chip and water is 1:2,30~40min of steam period.
- 3. it is according to claim 1 a kind of using apple tree beta pruning and its method for superseded production of fruit trees biological organic fertilizer, It is characterized in that：The detailed process of the step 2 is：Trichoderma reesei, aspergillus fumigatus, bacillus licheniformis and the pseudomonad strain used of fermenting are respectively 30 in PDA culture medium DEG C incubated 6~7d, after spore maturation, spore is accessed in PDA liquid seed culture mediums, in 28~30 DEG C of aerobic conditions 22~26h of lower culture, makes hyphae length dry weight up to 6~8g/L, then by cultured seed liquor access seed fermentation tank culture 12~ 24h, decomposed bacterium is formed, the decomposed bacterium for respectively forming trichoderma reesei, aspergillus fumigatus, bacillus licheniformis and pseudomonad is according to 1: 2~3:1:1 is configured to fermentative microorganism mix bacterium agent.
- 4. it is according to claim 3 a kind of using apple tree beta pruning and its method for superseded production of fruit trees biological organic fertilizer, It is characterized in that：Obtained fermentative microorganism mix bacterium agent will be enlarged culture before in the step 2, expand culture Process it is as follows：Obtained fermentative microorganism mix bacterium agent is inoculated in seed culture fluid after inclined-plane culture, bacterium 25~ 35 DEG C, 150rpm cultures 24h obtains seed liquor, and fungi is at 25~30 DEG C, and 150rpm cultures 12h obtains seed liquor, then by matter The seed liquor that amount fraction is 10%, which is inoculated into fermentation culture, is enlarged culture.
- 5. it is according to claim 3 a kind of using apple tree beta pruning and its method for superseded production of fruit trees biological organic fertilizer, It is characterized in that：Trichoderma reesei in the step 2, aspergillus fumigatus, the inoculative proportion of bacillus licheniformis and pseudomonad strain are 1:2~3:2:1.
- 6. it is according to claim 1 a kind of using apple tree beta pruning and its method for superseded production of fruit trees biological organic fertilizer, It is characterized in that：The detailed process of the step 3 is as follows：It will be placed in through the pretreated raw material of step 1 in the fermentation vat of fermentation greenhouse, add what step 2 prepared into fermentation vat And the fermentative microorganism mix bacterium agent activated, a compost fermentation is carried out after being sufficiently mixed, compost moisture content is 45 ~65%, fermentation temperature is 50~65 DEG C, and fermentation time is 7~9d.
- 7. it is according to claim 6 a kind of using apple tree beta pruning and its method for superseded production of fruit trees biological organic fertilizer, It is characterized in that：The inoculum concentration of fermentative microorganism mix bacterium agent is 5~7%v/w in the step 3.
- 8. it is according to claim 1 a kind of using apple tree beta pruning and its method for superseded production of fruit trees biological organic fertilizer, It is characterized in that：The detailed process of the step 4 is as follows：The cultured fermentative microorganism mix bacterium agent of step 2 is sprayed into fertilizer and adds urea mix supplement nitrogen source, makes substrate Middle carbon-nitrogen ratio C/N is 25~35:1, the mix bacterium agent newly supplemented and composting are fully well mixed by turning process, compost moisture 35~45%, compost temperature is controlled at 50~60 DEG C, and temperature sensor is inserted on heap body for control, the temperature of monitoring fermentation in real time Degree, when temperature is higher than 60 DEG C, progress turning is breathed freely, and stacking again after 14~16d of fermentation reaction, substantially completely degrade by organic matter Stable humus is converted into, turning fermentation process terminates.
- 9. it is according to claim 8 a kind of using apple tree beta pruning and its method for superseded production of fruit trees biological organic fertilizer, It is characterized in that：The inoculum concentration of fermentative microorganism mix bacterium agent is 1.5%~3%v/w in the step 4, and urea magnitude of recruitment is 1%~2%w/w.
- 10. it is according to claim 1 a kind of using apple tree beta pruning and its method for superseded production of fruit trees biological organic fertilizer, It is characterized in that：The detailed process of the step 5 is as follows：Compost maturity matter after step 4 compost fermentation is placed at a temperature of 20~26 DEG C and further dries 20~24h, then mistake 20~40 mesh are sieved, obtained powder carries out being distributed into bag, each individually to have inner plastic in bag to keep the water in composting Divide the activity for maintaining wherein microorganism, obtained particle then continues to put into chain type pulverizer progress separating twice, divided again after sieving Bag is dressed up, packaged biological organic fertilizer is stacked in fertilizer finishing room, workshop temperature is maintained at normal temperature.
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