CN107789851A - 一种提高硫酸铜蒸发效率的三效真空蒸发系统 - Google Patents
一种提高硫酸铜蒸发效率的三效真空蒸发系统 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107789851A CN107789851A CN201710906894.4A CN201710906894A CN107789851A CN 107789851 A CN107789851 A CN 107789851A CN 201710906894 A CN201710906894 A CN 201710906894A CN 107789851 A CN107789851 A CN 107789851A
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 384
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- 229920002456 HOTAIR Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- UGWKCNDTYUOTQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;sulfuric acid Chemical compound 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[Cu].OS(O)(=O)=O UGWKCNDTYUOTQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007738 vacuum evaporation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound 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- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur Chemical compound 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[S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/26—Multiple-effect evaporating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/0082—Regulation; Control
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/30—Accessories for evaporators ; Constructional details thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G3/00—Compounds of copper
- C01G3/10—Sulfates
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
Abstract
本发明公开一种提高硫酸铜蒸发效率的三效真空蒸发系统，包括：预热盘管、进液泵、一效汽液分离室、二效汽液分离室、三效汽液分离室、一效板式换热器、二效板式换热器、三效板式换热器、板式冷凝器、水环真空泵、真空分离槽、平衡阀、轴流泵、一效进料泵、二效进料泵、二效出料泵、控制阀。采用独特设计的气液分离室、合理选型的板式换热器及三效混流蒸发工艺流程，操作及清理均简单易行，蒸发效率高，硫酸铜原料生产每吨硫酸铜的蒸汽单耗降低了约45%。且各效二次蒸汽余热可回收利用，节能降耗，二次蒸汽冷凝水回收用于铜电解生产，同时通过控制一效温度、二效出液时间和出液比重实现连续自动的三效真空蒸发工艺。
Description
一种提高硫酸铜蒸发效率的三效真空蒸发系统
技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及硫酸铜蒸发技术领域，尤其涉及一种提高硫酸铜蒸发效率的三效真空 蒸发系统。
背景技术
[0002] 目前，由于生产过程的需要，在电解液净化过程中，以蒸发结晶脱除去硫酸铜从而 为脱砷、脱镍提供母液是主要工艺流程。由于蒸发系统需要消耗大量蒸汽，而随着精细化程 度的提升及产品标准的提高，采用传统的常压蒸发-冷却结晶法生产硫酸铜，存在蒸汽单耗 高、蒸发效率低、二次蒸汽冷凝水无法回收造成热量损失和占地面积大厂房等缺点。因此， 传统的常压和一效、二效真空蒸发已经难于满足企业节能降耗需求，进而可知如何减少蒸 汽消耗成为硫酸铜生产的关键。多效蒸发系统是指几个蒸发器连接起来操作，前一蒸发器 内蒸发时所产生的二次蒸汽用作后一蒸发器的加热蒸汽，每一蒸发器称作一效，自蒸发器 所产生的用于次一蒸发器加热的蒸气统称二次蒸气。目前，一效、二效蒸发主要是在设备选 型过程中，配套选择的循环泵，大多采用高扬程低流量泵，主要考虑在板式换热器出口进行 蒸发，但由于温度较高，流量低，造成板式换热器堵塞和产生腐蚀。而在某些冶炼企业、制盐 厂、药业等，已全套引进了多效蒸发系统的相关技术，但其中换热器以列管式虹吸自循环居 多，其存在物料结垢后难于清理、蒸发效率低、蒸汽消耗大、清理周期短、操作复杂、维护强 度大(须将整个换热管拆卸下来清理)等缺点，限制了其广泛使用。据统计，目前有关硫酸铜 蒸发技术的报道中，一般只能做到二效蒸发，例如，二效全自动板式真空蒸发装置 [201410197359.2]，同时从行业发展进程来看，行业内对二效、三效或多效的推广并不普遍 因此，现有技术还有待于改进和发展。
发明内容
[0003]鉴于上述现有技术的不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种提高硫酸铜蒸发效率的三 效真空蒸发系统，旨在解决现有的硫酸铜蒸发技术存在蒸汽单耗高、蒸发效率低，无法回收 二次蒸汽冷凝水的问题。
[0004]本发明的技术方案如下： 一种提高硫酸铜蒸发效率的三效真空蒸发系统，其中，包括： 用于预热电解液原液的预热盘管； 用于输入电解液原液的进液栗； 用于一效气液分离的一效汽液分离室； 用于二效气液分离的二效汽液分离室； 用于三效气液分离的三效汽液分离室； 用于一效蒸发换热的一效板式换热器； 用于二效蒸发换热的二效板式换热器； 用于三效蒸发换热的三效板式换热器； 用于冷却蒸汽的板式冷凝器； 用于抽除蒸汽的水环真空泵； 用于使气液分离的真空分离槽； 用于平衡一效蒸发和二效蒸发液位的平衡阀； 用于促进循环的轴流泵； 用于输入蒸发混合液的一效进料泵； 用于输入一效蒸发后混合液的二效进料泵； 用于输出二效蒸发后混合液的二效出料栗； 及用于控制浓缩液流向的控制阀； _ 所述预热盘管、所述进液泵、所述—效气液分离室、所述二效汽液分离室、所述汽 液分离室、所述一效板式换热器、所述二效板式换热器、所述三效板式换热所述板式冷 凝器、所述水环真空泵、所述真空分离槽、所述平衡阀、所述轴流栗、所述一效进料泵、所述 二效进料泵、所述二效出料泵及所述控制阀通过管道连接； 一、、、 所述一效加热板式换热器通过第一气液混合物连接管与一效汽液分离室相连;所述迪 效汽液分离室通过一效二次蒸汽管与二效加热板式换热器连接;所述二效加热板式换热 通过第二气液混合物连接管与二效汽液分离室相连;所述二效汽液分离室通过二效二f蒸 汽管与三效加热板式换热器连接;所述三效加热板式换热器通过第三气液混合物连接管与 三效汽液分离室相连;所述三效汽液分离室通过三效二次蒸汽管与板式冷凝器连接;所述 平衡阀设置于一效气液分离室与二效气液分离室之间的管道上。
[0005] 所述的提高硫酸铜蒸发效率的三效真空蒸发系统，其中，所述控制阀包括： 设置在一效气液分离室和二效进料栗之间用于控制浓缩液流向的第一控制阀； 设置在二效轴流泵与二效出料栗之间用于控制浓缩液流向的第二控制阀； 设置在三效气液分离室和一效进料栗之间用于控制浓缩液流向的第三控制阀； 所述轴流栗包括： 设置在一效气液分离室和一效板式换热器之间用于调节浓缩液流量的一效轴流泵； 设置在二效气液分离室和二效板式换热器用于调节浓缩液流量的二效轴流泵； 设置在三效气液分离室和三效板式换热器用于调节浓缩液流量的三效轴流泵。
[0006] 所述的提高硫酸铜蒸发效率的三效真空蒸发系统，其中，还包括： 设置在预热盘管与一效板式换热器之间的生蒸汽冷凝水管； 设置在一效板式换热器上部的生蒸汽进口管； 设置在预热盘管上部的原料进口管； 设置在一效气液分离室与二效气液分离室之间的一效浓缩出液管； 设置在一效气液分离室与一效浓缩出液管之间的一效二次浓缩液排出管； 设置在一效轴流泵与一效板式换热器之间的一效蒸发循环管； 设置在一效气液分离室与二效板式换热器之间的二效二次蒸汽进口管； 设置在二效板式换热器下部的冷凝水排出管； 设置在二效出料泵一端的二效浓缩排液管； 设置在三效轴流栗与三效板式换热器之间的三效蒸发料液循环管； 设置在三效板式换热器与一效气液分离室之间的一效进料管。
[0007]所述的提高硫酸铜蒸发效率的三效真空蒸发系统，其中，所述板式冷M器上部设 置有冷却水进水管，下部设置有冷凝水排出管。
[0008]所述的提高硫酸铜蒸发效率的三效真空蒸发系统，其中，所述二效气液分离室上 部设置有第一捕沫装置，所述第一捕沫装置上部与二效二次蒸汽管相连。
[0009]所述的提高硫酸铜蒸发效率的三效真空蒸发系统，其中，所述三效气液分离室上 部设置有第二捕沫装置，所述第二捕沬装置上部与三效二次蒸汽管相连。
[0010]所述的高蒸发效率的硫酸铜三效真空蒸发系统，其中，所述一效气液分离室上部 设置有用于监测一效气液分离室内部气压的压力表。 A
[0011]所述的提高硫酸铜蒸发效率的三效真空蒸发系统，其中，所述一效气液分离室下 部设置有用于测量内部液位水平的液位计。
[0012] 所述的提高硫酸铜蒸发效率的三效真空蒸发系统，其中，所述二效气液分离室与 所述二效板式换热器之间的管道设置有用于测量液体比重的比重计。
[0013] 所述的提高硫酸铜蒸发效率的三效真空蒸发系统，其中， 一效气液分离室内温度控制为90 °C〜140 °C，压力控制为-0.02〜〇.〇6MPa，液体比重控 制为1.20〜1.40; 二效气液分离室内温度控制为75°C〜10〇r，压力控制为-0.02〜-0 • 〇6MPa，液体比重 控制为1.30〜1.50; 三效气液分离室内温度控制为60。(：〜85。(：，压力控制为-0.04〜-〇 • 〇8MPa，液体比重控 制为1.1〜1.30。
[0014]有益效果:本发明通过采用独特设计的气液分离室、合理选型的板式换热器、特殊 的切向进料(即平行进料）、以及独特的三效混流蒸发工艺流程，操作及清理均简单易行，蒸 发效率高，硫酸铜原料生产每吨硫酸铜的蒸汽单耗降低了约45%。且各效二次蒸汽余热可 回收利用，节能降耗，二次蒸汽冷凝水回收用于铜电解生产，同时通过控制一效温度、二效 出液时间和出液比重实现连续自动的三效真空蒸发工艺。
附图说明
[0015] 图1为本发明所述硫酸铜三效蒸发系统的工艺流程图。
具体实施方式
[0016] 本发明提供一种提高硫酸铜蒸发效率的三效真空蒸发系统，为使本发明的目的、 技术方案及效果更加清楚、明确，以下对本发明进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的 具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
[0017] 本发明提供的提高硫酸铜蒸发效率的三效真空蒸发系统，如图1所示，包括： 用于预热电解液原液的预热盘管9; 用于输入电解液原液的进液栗s-i; 用于一效气液分离的一效汽液分离室1; 用于二效气液分离的二效汽液分离室2; 用于三效气液分离的三效汽液分离室3; 用于一效蒸发换热的一效板式换热器5; 用于二效蒸发换热的二效板式换热器6; 用于三效蒸发换热的三效板式换热器7; 用于冷却蒸汽的板式冷凝器4; 用于抽除蒸汽的水环真空栗S-8; 用于使气液分离的真空分离槽8; 用于平衡一效蒸发和二效蒸发液位的平衡阀24; 用于促进循环的轴流泵； 用于输入蒸发混合液的一效进料栗S_7; 用于输入一效蒸发后混合液的二效进料泵S_3; 用于输出二效蒸发后混合液的二效出料泵S-5; 及用于控制浓缩液流向的控制阀； _ 所述预热盘管、所述进液泵、所述一效气液分离室、所述二效汽液分离室、所述二效㈠ 液分离室、所述一效板式换热器、所述二效板式换热器、所述三效板式换热?:所述板式冷 凝器、所述水环真空栗、所述真空分离槽、所述平衡阀、所述轴流栗、所述一效进料栗、所述 二效进料泵、所述二效出料泵及所述控制阀通过管道连接； 、 所述一效加热板式换热器5通过第一气液混合物连接管16与一效汽液分离室^相连;所 述一效汽液分离室1通过一效二次蒸汽管14与二效加热板式换热器6连接;所述一效加，板 式换热器6通过第二气液混合物连接管23与二效汽液分离室2相连;所述二效汽液分罔室^ 通过二效二次蒸汽管21与三效加热板式换热器7连接;所述三效iP热板式换热器7通^第f 气液混合物连接管32与三效汽液分离室3相连;所述三效汽液分离室3通过三效二次蒸汽管 30与板式冷凝器4连接;所述板式冷凝器4通过真空分离槽8与水环真空栗Sj连接;所^真 空分离槽8位于所述水环真空栗S-8下方;所述平衡阀24设置于一效气液分离室1与二效气 液分离室2之间的管道上。 i
[0018] 其中，所述二效气液分离室2上部设置有第一捕沫装置，所述第一捕沫装置上部与 二效二次蒸汽管21相连，所述三效气液分离室3上部设置有第一捕沬装置，所述桌一捕沫装 置上部与三效二次蒸汽管30相连，所述一效气液分离室上部设置有用于监测一效气液分离 室内部气压的压力表13,所述一效气液分离室下部设置有用于测量内部液位水平的液位计 15,所述二效气液分离室与所述二效板式换热器之间的管道设置有用于测量液体比重的比 重计25。
[0019] 进一步地，如图1所示，所述控制阀包括： 设置在一效气液分离室和二效进料栗之间用于控制浓缩液流向的第一控制阀20; 设置在二效轴流泵与二效出料栗之间用于控制浓缩液流向的第二控制阀27; 设置在三效气液分离室和一效进料栗之间用于控制浓缩液流向的第三控制阀35; 所述轴流栗包括： 设置在一效气液分离室和一效板式换热器之间用于促进循环的一效轴流泵s-2; 设置在二效气液分离室和二效板式换热器用于促进循环的二效轴流栗S—4; 设置在三效气液分离室和三效板式换热器用于促进循环的三效轴流泵S-6。
[0020] 进一步地，如图1所示，还包括： 设置在预热盘管与一效板式换热器之间的生蒸汽冷凝水管10; 设置在一效板式换热器上部的生蒸汽进口管11; 设置在预热盘管上部的原料进口管12; 设置在一效气液分离室与二效气液分离室之间的一效浓缩出液管18; 设置在一效气液分离室与一效浓缩出液管18之间的一效二次浓缩液排出管17; 设置在一效轴流泵与一效板式换热器之间的一效蒸发循环管19; 设置在一效气液分离室与二效板式换热器之间的二效二次蒸汽进口管22; 设置在二效板式换热器下部的冷凝水排出管28; 设置在二效出料栗一端的二效浓缩排液管29; 设置在三效轴流栗与三效板式换热器之间的三效蒸发料液循环管33; 设置在三效板式换热器与一效气液分离室之间的一效进料管34。
[0021]进一步地，如图1所示，所述板式冷凝器上部设置有冷却水进水管36，下部设置有 冷凝水排出管37。
[0022] 进一步地，一效气液分离室内温度控制为90°C〜140°C，压力控制为-0.02〜 0 • 06MPa，液体比重控制为1 • 2〜1 • 4; 二效气液分离室内温度控制为75°C〜100°C，压力控制为-0 • 〇2〜-0 • 06MPa，液体比重 控制为1.30〜1.50; 三效气液分离室内温度控制为60°C〜85°C，压力控制为-0• 04〜-0• 〇8MPa，液体比重控 制为1.1〜1.30。
[0023]需要说明的是，所述三效蒸发系统为三效混流进液，而整个系统的控制方式为全 自动，由于控制了各效的内部压力，因此各效气液分离室均为真空（负压)蒸发。此外，各效 中物料循环方式为轴流栗强制循环，且只有一效生蒸汽加热作为热源，大大节省了热量消 耗。
[0024] 本发明所述提高硫酸铜蒸发效率的三效真空蒸发系统工艺流程为： 一效生蒸汽冷凝水将电解液原液预热至45°C~65°C，依次通过进料泵S-1和三效轴流泵 S-6进入三效板式换热器7,通过二效气液分离室2的二效二次蒸汽来加热三效板式换热器 7,使电解液温度升高并接近沸点，汽液混合物通过三效气液混合连接管32,进入三效汽液 分离室3内，含酸水蒸汽往上通过三效二次蒸汽管30,进入有冷却水的板式冷凝器4内，三效 汽液分离室3由于冷却水的板式换热作用产生负压真空，同时降低三效电解液蒸发的沸点， 三效二次蒸汽通过三效二次蒸汽管30进入板式冷凝器4冷凝成水，三效未被蒸发的电解液 回到三效汽液分离室3继续循环加热，当三效汽液分离室3内电解液蒸发浓缩到30%-50%时， 一部分通过控制阀三35和一效进液栗34，打入一效汽液分离室1，通过一效轴流泵S-2进入 一效板式换热器5,通过生蒸汽对一效板式换热器5进行加热，被加热的汽液混合物通过一 效气液混合连接管16进入一效汽液分离室1内，含酸水蒸汽向上通过一效二次蒸汽管14进 入二效板式换热器6,未被蒸发的电解液回到一效汽液分离室1继续循环加热；当一效汽液 分离室1内电解液蒸发浓缩到30%_50%时，一部分通过控制阀一 20和二效进料泵S-3打入二 效汽液分离室2,通过二效轴流泵S-4进入二效板式换热器6,通过一效二次蒸汽加热二效板 式换热器6，被加热的汽液混合物通过二效二次蒸汽进口管22进入一效汽液分离室1内，同 时在二效轴流栗S-4作用下不断循环加热至设定的终点出液比重，一部分浓缩终点液通过 控制阀二27和二效出液泵S-5排出进入中间槽。
[0025] 可见，所述电解液原液先进入三效蒸发、再经一效蒸发、最后在二效进行终点蒸发 浓缩。采用改进后的板式换热器真空蒸发系统替代列管式蒸发系统，不仅换热效率高、结构 紧凑、清理方便，而且能对硫酸铜蒸发的二次蒸汽余热进行回收和利用，达到节能减排目 的，改进使用大流量轴流泵配合板式换热器可以降低板式换热器结垢周期，防止板式换热 器局部过热造成温度过高带来的腐蚀。此外，在铜冶炼厂中通过多效真空蒸发系统生产硫 酸铜的流程到目前都没有应用实例，因此具有极高的开发和推广价值。
[0026] 综上所述，本发明通过采用独特设计的气液分离室、合理选型的板式换热器、特殊 的切向进料（即平行进料）、以及独特的三效混流蒸发工艺流程，操作及清理均简单易行，蒸 发效率高，硫酸铜原料生产每吨硫酸铜的蒸汽单耗降低了约45%。且各效二次蒸汽余热可 回收利用，节能降耗，减少环境的污染，二次蒸汽冷凝水回收用于铜电解生产，同时通过控 制一效温度、二效出液时间和出液比重实现连续自动的三效真空蒸发工艺。
[0027] 应当理解的是，本发明的应用不限于上述的举例，对本领域普通技术人员来说，可 以根据上述说明加以改进或变换，所有这些改进和变换都应属于本发明所附权利要求的保 护范围。
Claims (10)
1. 一种提高硫酸铜蒸发效率的三效真空蒸发系统，其特征在于，包括： 用于预热电解液原液的预热盘管； 用于输入电解液原液的进液泵； 用于一效气液分离的一效汽液分离室； 用于二效气液分离的二效汽液分离室； 用于三效气液分离的三效汽液分离室； 用于一效蒸发换热的一效板式换热器； 用于二效蒸发换热的二效板式换热器； 用于三效蒸发换热的三效板式换热器； 用于冷却蒸汽的板式冷凝器； 用于抽除蒸汽的水环真空栗； 用于使气液分离的真空分离槽； 用于平衡一效蒸发和二效蒸发液位的平衡阀； 用于促进循环的轴流泵； 用于输入蒸发混合液的一效进料泵； 用于输入一效蒸发后混合液的二效进料栗； 用于输出二效蒸发后混合液的二效出料栗； 及用于控制浓缩液流向的控制阀； 。1、 所述预热盘管、所述进液泵、所述一效气液分离室、所述二效汽液分离室、所述三效汽 液分离室、所述一效板式换热器、所述二效板式换热器、所述三效板式换热器、所述板式冷 凝器、所述水环真空泵、所述真空分离槽、所述平衡阀、所述轴流泵、所述一效进料栗、所述 二效进料栗、所述二效出料泵及所述控制阀通过管道连接； > … 所述一效加热板式换热器通过第一气液混合物连接管与一效汽液分离室相连;所述一 效汽液分离室通过一效二次蒸汽管与二效加热板式换热器连接;所述二效加热板式换热 通过第二气液混合物连接管与二效汽液分离室相连;所述二效汽液分离室通过二效二次蒸 汽管与三效加热板式换热器连接;所述三效加热板式换热器通过第三气液混合物连接管与 三效汽液分离室相连;所述三效汽液分离室通过三效二次蒸汽管与板式冷凝器连接;所述 平衡阀设置于一效气液分离室与二效气液分离室之间的管道上。
2. 根据权利要求1所述的提高硫酸铜蒸发效率的三效真空蒸发系统，其特征在于，所述 控制阀包括： 设置在一效气液分离室和二效进料栗之间用于控制浓缩液流向的第一控制阀； 设置在二效轴流栗与二效出料泵之间用于控制浓缩液流向的第二控制阀； 设置在三效气液分离室和一效进料栗之间用于控制浓缩液流向的第三控制阀； 所述轴流泵包括： 设置在一效气液分离室和一效板式换热器之间用于促进循环的一效轴流栗； 设置在二效气液分离室和二效板式换热器用于促进循环的二效轴流栗； 设置在三效气液分离室和三效板式换热器用促进循环的三效轴流栗。
3. 根据权利要求1所述的提高硫酸铜蒸发效率的三效真空蒸发系统，其特征在于，还包 括： 设置在预热盘管与一效板式换热器之间的生蒸汽冷凝水官； 设置在一效板式换热器上部的生蒸汽进口管； 设置在预热盘管上部的原料进口管； 设置在一效气液分离室与二效气液分离室之间的一效浓缩出液管； 设置在一效气液分离室与一效浓缩出液管之间的一效二次浓缩液排出管； 设置在一效轴流栗与一效板式换热器之间的一效蒸发循环管； 设置在一效气液分离室与二效板式换热器之间的二效二次蒸汽进口管； 设置在二效板式换热器下部的冷凝水排出管； 设置在二效出料泵一端的二效浓缩排液管； 设置在三效轴流泵与三效板式换热器之间的三效蒸发料液循环管； 设置在三效板式换热器与一效气液分离室之间的一效进料管。
4. 根据权利要求1所述的提高硫酸铜蒸发效率的三效真空蒸发系统，其特征在于，所述 板式冷凝器上部设置有冷却水进水管，下部设置有冷凝水排出管。
5. 根据权利要求1所述的提高硫酸铜蒸发效率的三效真空蒸发系统，其特征在于，所述 二效气液分离室上部设置有第一捕沫装置，所述第一捕沫装置上部与二效二次蒸汽管相 连。
6. 根据权利要求1所述的提高硫酸铜蒸发效率的三效真空蒸发系统，其特征在于，所述 三效气液分离室上部设置有第二捕沫装置，所述第二捕沫装置上部与三效二次蒸汽管相 连。
7. 根据权利要求1所述的高蒸发效率的硫酸铜三效真空蒸发系统，其特征在于，所述一 效气液分离室上部设置有用于监测一效气液分离室内部气压的压力表。
8. 根据权利要求1所述的提高硫酸铜蒸发效率的三效真空蒸发系统，其特征在于，所述 一效气液分离室下部设置有用于测量内部液位水平的液位计。
9.根据权利要求1所述的提高硫酸铜蒸发效率的三效真空蒸发系统，其特征在于，所述 二效气液分离室与所述二效板式换热器之间的管道设置有用于测量气液比重的比重计。
10.根据权利要求1所述的提高硫酸铜蒸发效率的三效真空蒸发系统，其特征在于， 一效气液分离室内温度控制为90°C〜140°C，压力控制为-〇. 〇2〜〇 • 〇6MPa，液体比重控 制为1.2〜1.40; 二效气液分离室内温度控制为75°C〜10CTC，压力控制为-〇.〇2〜-〇.〇6MPa，液体比重 控制为1.30〜1.50; 三效气液分离室内温度控制为㈤°C〜85。(：，压力控制为-〇 • 〇4〜-〇 • 〇8MPa，液体比重控 制为1.1〜1.30。
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