CN107787172A - 屏蔽散热结构及其制作方法 - Google Patents
屏蔽散热结构及其制作方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107787172A CN107787172A CN201610728410.7A CN201610728410A CN107787172A CN 107787172 A CN107787172 A CN 107787172A CN 201610728410 A CN201610728410 A CN 201610728410A CN 107787172 A CN107787172 A CN 107787172A
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 abstract description 45
- 239000003344 environmental pollutants Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 239000000126 substances Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layers Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000002184 metals Substances 0.000 description 19
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001681 protective Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicium dioxide Chemical compound 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Abstract
本发明公开了一种屏蔽散热结构及其制作方法，安装于一电路板上，所述电路板的安装面上安装有电子元器件，屏蔽散热结构包括屏蔽罩，所述屏蔽罩与所述电路板的安装面连接，所述屏蔽罩与所述电路板围成屏蔽腔室，所述电子元器件处于所述屏蔽腔室中；所述屏蔽腔室的剩余空间中充满导热胶。本发明的屏蔽散热结构使得电子元器件的热量能够快速地释放，以保证电子元器件的性能稳定，本发明的制作方法使屏蔽罩与固化后的导热胶的外部能够完全贴合，提高散热的效率，同时导热胶也具有密封功能，保护电路板和电子元器件免受化学物质、湿气、和其他污染物等环境因素的影响。
Description
屏蔽散热结构及其制作方法
技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及散热结构，具体涉及一种屏蔽散热结构及其制作方法。
背景技术
[0002] 随着经济社会的发展，越来越多的电子产品出现在我们的日常生活中，给我们的 生活带来了无限的便捷和乐趣，然而就在我们享受这些高科技产品的同时，我们也要承受 电子设备给我们带来的烦恼，各种频段和强度的电磁波对电子产品及我们的生活带来了很 大的负面影响：不但电子设备之间会相互影响，同时也会影响我们的健康。有鉴于此国际上 已经对各电子设备的出厂进行了严格的电磁兼容性控制要求，这样使得使用电磁屏蔽材料 进行电磁波的屏蔽成为电子设备厂家的选择之一。一般在电路板上设置电磁屏蔽罩，将元 部件、电路、组合件、电缆或整个系统的干扰源包围起来，防止干扰电磁场向外扩散;或者将 接收电路、设备或系统包围起来，防止它们受到外界电磁场的影响。
[0003] 电子元器件的功率不断增大，而体积却逐渐缩小，并且大多数电子芯片的待机发 热量低而运行时发热量大，瞬间温升快。高温会对电子元器件的性能产生有害的影响，据统 计电子设备的失效有55%是温度超过规定值引起的，电子元器件散热技术越来越成为电子 设备开发、研制中非常关键的技术。通常做法是在发热量较大的电子元器件表面粘结散热 片进行散热。但是，由于电磁屏蔽罩内空间有限，在电磁屏蔽罩内的电子元器件无法安装散 热片，往往会因为发热功率太高而产生过温故障。
发明内容
[0004] 本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种新的屏蔽散热结构及其制作方法，克服电磁 屏蔽罩内的电子元器无法散热的问题，提高了产品的可靠性和安全性。
[0005] 为了解决上述技术问题，本发明采用如下技术方案:屏蔽散热结构，安装于一电路 板上，所述电路板的安装面上安装有电子元器件，屏蔽散热结构包括屏蔽罩，所述屏蔽罩与 所述电路板的安装面电连接，所述屏蔽罩与所述电路板围成屏蔽腔室，所述电子元器件处 于所述屏蔽腔室中;所述屏蔽腔室的剩余空间中充满导热胶。
[0006] 屏蔽腔室的剩余空间中充满导热胶，即电子元器件与屏蔽罩之间的空隙中、电子 元器件与电路板之间得空隙中均充满导热胶；当多个电子元器件设置于电路板上时，相邻 的两个电子元器件之间也充满导热胶，导热胶能够将电子元器件的热量快速地传递给屏蔽 罩表面，使得电子元器件的热量能够快速地释放，本发明的结构具有良好的散热性，使电子 元器件的性能保持稳定；同时导热胶也具有密封功能，保护电路板和电子元器件免受化学 物质、湿气、和其他污染物等环境因素的影响。
[0007]优选地，所述导热胶为绝缘传热胶。导热胶形成绝缘的保护层，能够提高电路板的 可靠性和安全性，延长电路板的使用寿命。
[0008]优选地，所述屏蔽罩为膜结构。膜结构能够便于屏蔽罩贴覆于导热胶的外部。 [0009]进一步地，所述屏蔽罩包括由内向外依次设置的粘结剂层和金属层。金属层用于 实现电磁屏蔽，直接在金属层的内部设置粘结剂层能够便于金属层贴合于导热胶的外部。
[0010] 更进一步地，所述粘结剂层为导电粘结层。
[0011] 再进一步地，所述导电粘结层为环氧树脂导电胶、酚醛树脂导电胶、聚氨酯导电 胶、硅胶导电胶或聚酰亚胺导电胶。
[0012] 更进一步地，所述粘结剂层为绝缘粘结层，所述屏蔽罩的与所述电路板连接处的 金属层上设有可穿过所述绝缘粘结层，且与所述电路板连接的尖刺部。
[0013] 再进一步地，所述绝缘粘结层的材料为环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、聚氨酯、热塑性树脂 或聚酰亚胺。
[0014] 所述金属层的外部还设有绝缘层。
[0015]本发明要解决的第二个技术问题是提供了一种上述屏蔽散热结构的制作方法。 [0016]该方法包括以下步骤：
[0017] a)在电路板的安装面上安装电子元器件后，将导热胶涂覆于所述电子元器件的外 表面上，所述导热胶固化后，形成导热胶涂层；
[0018] b)在所述导热胶涂层的外表面上贴覆屏蔽罩，且所述屏蔽罩与所述电路板电连 接。
[0019]本发明屏蔽散热结构的制作方法的工艺，具有以下优点：屏蔽罩与固化后的导热 胶的外部粘接在一起，能够提高散热的效率，本发明的制作方法简单、方便。
附图说明
[0020]下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细说明。
[0021]图1是实施例1的屏蔽散热结构的结构示意图。
[0022]图2是实施例1的屏蔽散热结构的屏蔽罩的三层结构的示意图。
[0023]图3是实施例3的金属层上设有尖刺部的结构示意图。
[0024]其中：100-电路板、200-电子元器件、300-屏蔽罩、310-屏蔽腔室、400-导热胶、 510-粘结剂层、520-金属层、521-尖刺部、530-绝缘层
具体实施方式
[0025]以下由特定的具体实施例说明本发明的实施方式，熟悉此技术的人士可由本说明 书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本发明的其他优点及功效。
[0026] 请参阅附图。须知，本说明书所附图式所绘示的结构、比例、大小等，均仅用以配合 说明书所揭示的内容，以供熟悉此技术的人士了解与阅读，并非用以限定本发明可实施的 限定条件，故不具技术上的实质意义，任何结构的修饰、比例关系的改变或大小的调整，在 不影响本发明所能产生的功效及所能达成的目的下，均应仍落在本发明所揭示的技术内容 所能涵盖的范围内。同时，本说明书中所引用的如“上，，、“下，，、“左”、“右，，、“中间，，及“一，，等 的用语，亦仅为便于叙述的明了，而非用以限定本发明可实施的范围，其相对关系的改变或 调整，在无实质变更技术内容下，当亦视为本发明可实施的范畴。
[0027] 实施例1
[0028]如图1和图2所示，本实施例的屏蔽散热结构，安装于一电路板100上，电路板100的 安装面上安装有电子元器件200,屏蔽散热结构包括屏蔽罩300,屏蔽罩3〇〇与电路板100的 女装面电连接，屏蔽罩300与电路板100围成屏蔽腔室310,电子元器件200处于屏蔽腔室310 中；屏蔽腔室310的剩余空间中充满导热胶4〇〇。
[0029]电子元器件200处于屏蔽腔室310中，屏蔽腔室310的剩余空间包括电子元器件200 与屏蔽罩3〇〇之间的空隙，电子元器件200与电路板1〇〇之间的空隙；当多个电子元器件2〇〇 设置于电路板100上时，屏蔽腔室31〇的剩余空间还包括相邻的两个电子元器件2〇〇之间的 间隙；屏蔽腔室310的剩余空间中充满导热胶4〇〇,就是在电子元器件200周围的空间中充满 导热胶400,使电子元器件200的热量快速导出，且扩大了散热面积。同时导热胶400也具有 密封功能，保护电路板和电子元器件免受化学物质、湿气、和其他污染物等环境因素的影 响。
[0030]本实施例中，电子元器件200是芯片、电阻、电容或电感等元器件。屏蔽罩300通过 电路板100接地。导热胶400为液体，导热胶400可通过点胶及刷涂等工艺形成于电子元器件 200上，导热胶40可室温固化、加热固化或光固化。
[00311导热胶400为绝缘传热胶，导热胶400在传递热量的同时，也是一种绝缘的保护层， 该绝缘传热胶能够提高电路板100的可靠性和安全性，延长电路板100的使用寿命。本实施 例中，绝缘传热胶为桂胶。
[0032]屏蔽罩3〇0为膜结构。膜结构能够便于屏蔽罩300贴覆于导热胶400的外部，且膜结 构替代了传统的金属屏蔽罩，降低了材料成本及安装成本。
[0033]屏蔽罩300包括由内向外依次设置的粘结剂层510和金属层52〇。金属层52〇用于实 现电磁屏蔽，直接在金属层520的内部设置粘结剂层510，能够便于金属层520粘贴于导执胶 400的外部。
[00341金属层520的外部还设有绝缘层530,绝缘层530能够提高屏蔽罩300的绝缘性能。 所述绝缘粘结层的材料为环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、聚氨酯、热塑性树脂或聚酰亚胺，本实施例 中，绝缘层为聚氨酯材料。
[0035]绝缘层530的设置使膜结构为三层结构，为了提供散热效率，并且不影响膜结构的 电磁屏蔽和绝缘的功能;三层结构中，本实施例中，粘结剂层51〇的厚度的取值范围是5mi; 金属层520的厚度的取值范围是LSum;绝缘层53〇的厚度的取值范围是1〇Wn ，
[0036]粘结剂层510为导电粘结层。金属层520通过导电粘结层与电路板100电连接。导电 粘结层为环氧树脂导电胶、酚醛树脂导电胶、聚氨酯导电胶、硅胶导电胶或聚酰亚胺导电 胶。本实施例中，导电粘结层的为环氧导电胶。
[0037] 实施例2
[0038]如图1所示，本实施例的屏蔽散热结构的结构与实施例丨的屏蔽散热结构相同，其 中，粘结剂层510为导电粘结层，导电粘结层的材料为环氧导电胶，金属层52〇的材料为 层，绝缘层530的材料为聚氨酷；
[0039]导电粘结层的厚度是5WI1;金属层520的厚度是1.5WI1;绝缘层530的厚度是1〇咖 [0040]本发明的屏蔽散热结构的制作方法，包括以下步骤：
[0041] a)预先用模具将膜结构的保护罩压制成带有开口的盒状结构；
[0042] b)在电路板100的安装面上安装电子元器件2〇〇后，将导热胶4〇〇涂覆于电子元器 件2〇0的外表面上，导热胶400加热固化后，形成导热胶400涂层，且导热胶400涂层的外部轮 廓的结构与保护罩的盒状结构相应，导热胶400涂层的外部轮廓的结构的尺寸小于保护罩 的盒状结构的尺寸；
[0043] c)将屏蔽罩300套在导热胶400涂层的外表面上，通过加热加压，膜结构的屏蔽罩 300的导电粘结层与导热胶400涂层的外表面粘结，则膜结构的屏蔽罩300贴覆于导热胶400 涂层的外表面上，屏蔽罩300的导电粘结层与电路板100电连接，且屏蔽罩300通过电路板 100接地。
[0044]导热胶400涂层的外部轮廓的结构与保护罩的盒状结构相应，以便于导热胶400涂 层的外表面上能够快速贴覆屏蔽罩300。
[0045] 实施例3
[0046]如图3所示，本实施例与实施例1的区别在于:粘结剂层510为绝缘粘结层，屏蔽罩 300的与电路板100连接处的金属层520上设有可穿过粘结剂层510,且与电路板1〇〇连接的 尖刺部5W。在压力的作用下，金属层520上的尖刺部521可穿过绝缘粘结层，与电路板1〇〇连 接。绝缘粘结层的材料为环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、聚氨酯、热塑性树脂或聚酰亚胺，本实施例 中，绝缘粘结层的材料为环氧树脂。
[0047]本发明的屏蔽散热结构使得电子元器件2〇0的热量能够快速地释放，以保证电子 元器件200的性能稳定，本发明的制作方法使屏蔽罩300与固化后的导热胶4〇〇的外部能够 完全贴合，提高散热的效率，本发明的制作方法简单、方便。
[0048]综上，本实施例有效克服了现有技术中的种种缺点而具高度产业利用价值。
[0049]上述实施例仅例示性说明本实施例的原理及其功效，而非用于限制本实施例。任 何熟悉此技术的人士皆可在不违背本实施例的精神及范畴下，对上述实施例进行修饰或改 变。因此，举凡所属技术领域中具有通常知识者在未脱离本实施例所揭示的精神与技术思 想下所完成的一切等效修饰或改变，仍应由本实施例的权利要求所涵盖。
Claims (10)
1.一种屏蔽散热结构，安装于一电路板（100)上，所述电路板（100)的安装面上安装有 电子元器件(200)，屏蔽散热结构包括屏蔽罩(300)，所述屏蔽罩(300)与所述电路板（100) 的安装面电连接，所述屏蔽罩(300)与所述电路板(100)围成屏蔽腔室(310)，所述电子元器 件(200)处于所述屏蔽腔室(31〇)中，其特征是:所述屏蔽腔室(310)的剩余空间中充满导热 胶(400)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的屏蔽散热结构，其特征是:所述导热胶(400)为绝缘传热胶。
3.根据权利要求1所述的屏蔽散热结构，其特征是:所述屏蔽罩(300)为膜结构。
4.根据权利要求3所述的屏蔽散热结构，其特征是:所述屏蔽罩(300)包括由内向外依 次设置的粘结剂层(510)和金属层(520)。
5. 根据权利要求4所述的屏蔽散热结构，其特征是:所述粘结剂层(510)为导电粘结层。
6. 根据权利要求5所述的屏蔽散热结构，其特征是:所述导电粘结层为环氧树脂导电 胶、酚醛树脂导电胶、聚氨酯导电胶、硅胶导电胶或聚酰亚胺导电胶。
7.根据权利要求4所述的屏蔽散热结构，其特征是:所述粘结剂层(510)为绝缘粘结层， 所述屏蔽罩(300)的与所述电路板(100)连接处的金属层(520)上设有可穿过所述绝缘粘结 层，且与所述电路板(100)连接的尖刺部(521)。 S.根据权利要求5所述的屏蔽散热结构，其特征是：所述绝缘粘结层的材料为环氧树 月旨、酚醛树脂、聚氨酯、热塑性树脂或聚酰亚胺。
9.根据权利要求4所述的屏蔽散热结构，其特征是:所述金属层(520)的外部还设有绝 缘层（530)。
10.—种如权利要求1所述屏蔽散热结构的制作方法，包括以下步骤： a) 在电路板（100)的安装面上安装电子元器件(200)后，将导热胶(400)涂覆于所述电 子元器件(200)的外表面上，所述导热胶(400)固化后，形成导热胶(400)涂层； b) 在所述导热胶(400)涂层的外表面上贴覆屏蔽罩(300)，且所述屏蔽罩(300)与所述 电路板(1〇〇)电连接。
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| CN101415316A (zh) * | 2008-08-21 | 2009-04-22 | 深圳华为通信技术有限公司 | 一种电子设备及其制造方法 |
| CN202026562U (zh) * | 2011-03-11 | 2011-11-02 | 深圳瑞谷电子有限公司 | 带散热功能的屏蔽罩 |
| CN203279435U (zh) * | 2013-04-22 | 2013-11-06 | 青岛海信移动通信技术股份有限公司 | 便携式移动终端 |
| CN204117765U (zh) * | 2014-08-04 | 2015-01-21 | 南京创佳通讯电源设备厂 | 一种方便安装的变压器散热盒 |
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| CN101415316A (zh) * | 2008-08-21 | 2009-04-22 | 深圳华为通信技术有限公司 | 一种电子设备及其制造方法 |
| CN202026562U (zh) * | 2011-03-11 | 2011-11-02 | 深圳瑞谷电子有限公司 | 带散热功能的屏蔽罩 |
| CN203279435U (zh) * | 2013-04-22 | 2013-11-06 | 青岛海信移动通信技术股份有限公司 | 便携式移动终端 |
| CN204117765U (zh) * | 2014-08-04 | 2015-01-21 | 南京创佳通讯电源设备厂 | 一种方便安装的变压器散热盒 |
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