CN107760809A - A kind of ore smelting device and its smelting process - Google Patents
A kind of ore smelting device and its smelting process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107760809A CN107760809A CN201710858852.8A CN201710858852A CN107760809A CN 107760809 A CN107760809 A CN 107760809A CN 201710858852 A CN201710858852 A CN 201710858852A CN 107760809 A CN107760809 A CN 107760809A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- melter
- gasifier
- reduction apparatus
- ore
- processing system
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0073—Selection or treatment of the reducing gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
- C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
- C22B5/10—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by solid carbonaceous reducing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
- C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
- C22B5/12—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by gases
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of ore smelting device and its smelting process, ore, reducing agent, flux mixture material reduce valuable metal in ore in reduction apparatus, the DRI pelletizings of reduction apparatus discharging enter melter-gasifier by being heat-fed device, coal dust and oxygen-enriched air are sprayed into melter-gasifier by being blown mouth and are reacted, hyperthermia radiation caused by reaction, which melts DRI pelletizings, realizes slag sluicing system, and melter-gasifier produces high heating value gas and used after the processing of coal gas processing system for reduction apparatus.The present invention is by controlling mixed carbon comtent, reduction temperature and recovery time, ore is reduced in reduction apparatus, reduction apparatus discharging DRI enters the direct melting of melter-gasifier, stock column structure is not present in melter-gasifier, it is not necessary to which using coke, while the molten high heating value gas that can produce of melting gas making uses for reduction apparatus, so as to reduce the coal-made gas furnace specially set, reduce construction investment, there is provided economic benefit, have the advantages that simple system, feasibility are strong.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of metallurgy, and in particular to a kind of ore smelting device and its smelting process.
Background technology
The method of ore smelting is many at present, such as the common iron ore concentrate of blast furnace process, vanadium titano-magnetite, lateritic nickel ore etc..
Due to there is very high stock column, it is necessary to which substantial amounts of coke plays a part of stock column aggregate in blast furnace, and coking coal is as rare money in stove
Source, coke price is expensive, limits blast furnace and further develops.Mineral hot furnace is also a kind of most commonly seen ore smelting method, extensively
It is applied to the smelting of the ores such as lateritic nickel ore, chromite generally.It is excellent that mine heat furnace smelting method has technical maturity, equipment simple etc.
Point, but need to consume substantial amounts of electric power, supporting power plant's scale is big, and operating cost is high.At present, while presence is melted using coal gas
Ore is refined, this technology is produced the coal gas of qualified calorific value using cheap coal, slag sluicing system is realized to melt DRI using coal gas,
Have the advantages that power consumption it is small, without coke, but it needs two producer, smelting furnace smelting equipments, and cost of investment is high.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention：It is an object of the invention to for problems of the prior art, there is provided a kind of ore smelting
Device and its smelting processes, Metal Melting and coal gas are realized by melter-gasifier, improve efficiency, save operation into
This.
Technical scheme：A kind of ore smelting device, including reduction apparatus, hot sending device, the melter-gasifier being linked in sequence
And coal gas processing system, the coal gas processing system are taken back to reduction apparatus, the melter-gasifier is provided with and oxygen is passed through into stove
The injection mouth of gas or air and coal dust or coke powder.
Further, the reduction apparatus is rotary hearth furnace, rotary kiln, tunnel cave or shaft furnace.
Further, the hot sending device is the continuous conveying system of high temperature bucket machine.
The charging aperture of the melter-gasifier is arranged on furnace roof center, and is fed by spiral distributor into molten bath.Or
Person is, the melter-gasifier centered on furnace roof, be evenly arranged one group of charging aperture.
Further, the coal gas processing system is dry-method bag-type dust collecting processing system or wet dedusting processing system.
A kind of smelting process of ore smelting device, comprises the following steps：
（1）Ore, reducing agent, flux mixture material in reduction apparatus by control mixed carbon comtent 5 ~ 20%, reduction temperature 800 ~
1300 DEG C and 30 ~ 180min of recovery time, reduce valuable metal in ore；
（2）The DRI pelletizings of reduction apparatus discharging enter melter-gasifier by being heat-fed device；
（3）Spray into coal dust and oxygen-enriched air into melter-gasifier by being blown mouth and react, wherein, carbon in coal dust with
The mass ratio 0.7 ~ 1.4 of oxygen in oxygen-enriched air, hyperthermia radiation caused by reaction make molten bath reach 1400 ~ 1650 DEG C, melt DRI
Pelletizing realizes slag sluicing system；
（4）Melter-gasifier produces high heating value gas and used after the processing of coal gas processing system for reduction apparatus.
Inventive principle：Stock column is not present in melter-gasifier stove of the present invention, it is not necessary to use coke, reduction apparatus discharging
DRI is directly entered the molten bath by hot sending system through charging aperture；Coal dust, oxygen-enriched air, steam quickly spray into molten bath from air port
Top, series reaction occurs, produce hyperthermia radiation heat fusing DRI, realize slag sluicing system, molten iron tapping hole stream from the above
Go out, clinker passes in and out from the slag notch.
Beneficial effect：The present invention is by controlling mixed carbon comtent, reduction temperature and recovery time, the reduced ore in reduction apparatus
Stone, reduction apparatus discharging DRI enter the direct melting of melter-gasifier, stock column structure are not present in melter-gasifier, it is not necessary to make
With coke, while the molten high heating value gas that can produce of melting gas making is for reduction apparatus use, so as to reduce the coal specially set
Producer, reduce construction investment, there is provided economic benefit, have the advantages that simple system, feasibility are strong.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of ore smelting device of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the molten structural representation of the melting gas making of embodiment 1；
Fig. 3 is the molten structural representation of the melting gas making of embodiment 2.
Embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the implementation
Example.
Embodiment：
Embodiment 1：A kind of ore smelting device, including be linked in sequence reduction apparatus 1, hot sending device 2, melter-gasifier 3 and
Coal gas processing system 4, coal gas processing system 4 take back to reduction apparatus 1, melter-gasifier 3 and are provided with and oxygen or sky are passed through into stove
The injection mouth 3-5 of gas and coal dust or coke powder.Wherein, reduction apparatus 1 is rotary hearth furnace, and hot sending device 2 is the company of high temperature bucket machine
Continuous induction system, coal gas processing system 4 is dry-method bag-type dust collecting processing system.
Specifically, as shown in Fig. 2 the charging aperture 3-1 of melter-gasifier 3 is arranged in furnace roof center, pass through charging aperture spiral
Distributing device 3-1-1 equably steps into DRI pelletizings on the 3-4 of molten bath.
It is as follows using a kind of ore smelting method of above-mentioned ore smelting device, concrete operations：
S100：Ore, reducing agent, flux mixture material enter in reduction apparatus 1, control mixed carbon comtent 12%, pass through coal gas processing system
The gas-fired heat that system 4 provides makes the temperature in reduction apparatus 1 reach 1100 DEG C, recovery time 100min, reduces ore
Middle valuable metal.
S200：The DRI that reduction apparatus 1 discharges is fallen directly into melter-gasifier 3 by hot sending system 2 through charging aperture 3-1
Molten bath 3-4 on.
S300：Coal dust is quickly sprayed into by being blown mouth 3-5 into melter-gasifier, oxygen-enriched air and is reacted, coal dust
In carbon and oxygen-enriched air in oxygen mass ratio 1.1, the hyperthermia radiation heat of production makes molten bath reach 1550 DEG C, melts molten bath 3-
DRI on 4 realizes slag sluicing system；The 3-3 of resistance to material bears the erosion of high temperature liquid iron and slag, and cooling system 3-2 is coated on the 3-3 of resistance to material
Outer surface, resistance to material temperature is reduced, ensure the stable operation of melter-gasifier 3.Molten iron flows out from tapping hole 3-7, and clinker is from slag notch
3-6 flows out.
S400：Melter-gasifier 3 produces high heating value gas and enters coal gas processing system by cooling only from gas exit 3-8
Used after change for reduction apparatus.
Embodiment 2：Ore smelting device is roughly the same with embodiment 1, except that, reduction apparatus 1 is rotary kiln, coal
Gas processing system 4 is wet dedusting processing system, and melter-gasifier 3 can also be as shown in figure 3, centered on furnace roof, around one
Week uniformly arranges multiple charging aperture 3-1, is uniformly stepped into DRI on the 3-4 of molten bath by multiple charging aperture 3-1.
Ore smelting method is roughly the same with embodiment 1, except that：Step S100：Ore, reducing agent, flux mix
The mixed carbon comtent of compound material is 5%, and the reduction temperature in reduction apparatus 1 is 800 DEG C, recovery time 180min；Step S300：Spray
The mass ratio 0.7 of carbon and oxygen in the coal dust and oxygen-enriched air that enter, the hyperthermia radiation heat of the interior production of melter-gasifier 3 reach molten bath
1400℃。
Embodiment 3：Ore smelting device is roughly the same with embodiment 1, except that, reduction apparatus 1 is tunnel cave.
Ore smelting method is roughly the same with embodiment 1, except that：Step S100：Ore, reducing agent, flux mix
The mixed carbon comtent of compound material is 20%, and the reduction temperature in reduction apparatus 1 is 1300 DEG C, recovery time 30min；Step S300：Spray
The mass ratio 1.4 of carbon and oxygen in the coal dust and oxygen-enriched air that enter, the hyperthermia radiation heat of the interior production of melter-gasifier 3 reach molten bath
1650℃。
Claims (7)
- A kind of 1. ore smelting device, it is characterised in that：Including the reduction apparatus, hot sending device, melter-gasifier being linked in sequence And coal gas processing system, the coal gas processing system are taken back to reduction apparatus, the melter-gasifier is provided with and oxygen is passed through into stove The injection mouth of gas or air and coal dust or coke powder.
- 2. ore smelting device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The reduction apparatus be rotary hearth furnace, rotary kiln, Tunnel cave or shaft furnace.
- 3. ore smelting device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The hot sending device is the company of high temperature bucket machine Continuous induction system.
- 4. ore smelting device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The charging aperture of the melter-gasifier is arranged on Furnace roof center, and fed by spiral distributor into molten bath.
- 5. ore smelting device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The melter-gasifier centered on furnace roof, It is evenly arranged one group of charging aperture.
- 6. ore smelting device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The coal gas processing system is removed for dry cloth bag Dirt processing system or wet dedusting processing system.
- 7. the smelting process of ore smelting device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：（1）Ore, reducing agent, flux mixture material in reduction apparatus by control mixed carbon comtent 5 ~ 20%, reduction temperature 800 ~ 1300 DEG C and 30 ~ 180min of recovery time, reduce valuable metal in ore；（2）The DRI pelletizings of reduction apparatus discharging enter melter-gasifier by being heat-fed device；（3）Spray into coal dust and oxygen-enriched air into melter-gasifier by being blown mouth and react, wherein, carbon in coal dust with The mass ratio 0.7 ~ 1.4 of oxygen in oxygen-enriched air, hyperthermia radiation caused by reaction make molten bath reach 1400 ~ 1650 DEG C, melt DRI Pelletizing realizes slag sluicing system；（4）Melter-gasifier produces high heating value gas and used after the processing of coal gas processing system for reduction apparatus.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710858852.8A CN107760809A (en) | 2017-09-21 | 2017-09-21 | A kind of ore smelting device and its smelting process |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710858852.8A CN107760809A (en) | 2017-09-21 | 2017-09-21 | A kind of ore smelting device and its smelting process |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN107760809A true CN107760809A (en) | 2018-03-06 |
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| CN201710858852.8A Pending CN107760809A (en) | 2017-09-21 | 2017-09-21 | A kind of ore smelting device and its smelting process |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1940092A (en) * | 2005-09-27 | 2007-04-04 | 万天骥 | Fuse reducing iron-smelting process for rotating furnace |
| CN101906501A (en) * | 2010-08-03 | 2010-12-08 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | Direct steelmaking process by using fine ores, coal and oxygen |
| CN203810892U (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2014-09-03 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | Coal-oxygen blowing melting separation shaft furnace |
| CN104404189A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-03-11 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | Method for producing ferrochromium alloy by two-step-process smelting reduction of ferrochromium mineral powder |
| CN104878147A (en) * | 2015-06-04 | 2015-09-02 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | Method for making iron by smelting reduction |
-
2017
- 2017-09-21 CN CN201710858852.8A patent/CN107760809A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1940092A (en) * | 2005-09-27 | 2007-04-04 | 万天骥 | Fuse reducing iron-smelting process for rotating furnace |
| CN101906501A (en) * | 2010-08-03 | 2010-12-08 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | Direct steelmaking process by using fine ores, coal and oxygen |
| CN203810892U (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2014-09-03 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | Coal-oxygen blowing melting separation shaft furnace |
| CN104404189A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-03-11 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | Method for producing ferrochromium alloy by two-step-process smelting reduction of ferrochromium mineral powder |
| CN104878147A (en) * | 2015-06-04 | 2015-09-02 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | Method for making iron by smelting reduction |
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