CN107732049A - A kind of electric automobile chassis structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides an electric vehicle chassis structure, including a battery assembly, a honeycomb housing structure, a plurality of protective parts, a base assembly and a manifold, the honeycomb housing structure includes a plurality of hollow honeycomb units, and the battery assembly includes a plurality of single Body battery, the single battery is accommodated in the honeycomb unit, the base assembly is accommodated at one end of the honeycomb housing structure, and one end of the single battery is inserted into the base assembly; the manifold includes a positive electrode confluence layer and a The negative electrode confluence layer on the upper layer, the honeycomb housing structure is placed on the negative electrode confluence layer, and the negative electrode of the single battery is electrically connected to the negative electrode confluence layer through the protection member inserted in the base assembly. The electric vehicle chassis structure provided by the present invention ensures the working safety of each single battery through the protective piece, and the protective piece connects the negative pole of the single battery and the negative bus layer of the busbar through plugging, The structure is simple and easy to replace.

Description

An electric vehicle chassis structure

【Technical field】

The invention relates to the technical field of electric vehicles, in particular to an electric vehicle chassis structure.

【Background technique】

Under the pressure of energy crisis and environmental pollution, safety, environmental protection, and energy saving have become the themes of today's automobile development. Electric vehicles have been highly valued and supported by transportation and energy departments due to their advantages in energy saving, environmental protection, and pollution-free. , The new energy vehicle industry ushered in explosive growth. The battery is the core of electric vehicles, and it is also a comprehensive embodiment of automotive engineering and power engineering technology.

The existing electric vehicle chassis is mainly to remove the traditional power system such as the engine on the traditional vehicle chassis, and mount the battery box with the battery, while the single battery is connected to the bus circuit board by bolts or welded. The method lacks safety protection measures for single batteries. When the current of individual single batteries in the battery module is too high or the temperature is too high, the battery cannot be effectively disconnected, so that the battery has been in bad use, resulting in a greatly reduced service life. Reduced, thereby affecting the overall life of the battery module. The measure taken by some electric vehicle related manufacturers is to ultrasonically weld the blown fuse to the electrodes of the single battery and the bus circuit board. Other structures can be repaired.

【Content of invention】

The object of the present invention is to provide an automobile chassis structure which can effectively protect the working safety of the single battery, and has a simple fuse installation and replacement.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an electric vehicle chassis structure, including a battery assembly, a honeycomb housing structure, a plurality of protective parts, a base assembly and a manifold, the honeycomb housing structure includes a plurality of hollow honeycomb units, the battery The assembly includes a plurality of single cells, the single cells are accommodated in the honeycomb unit, the base assembly is accommodated at one end of the honeycomb housing structure, and one end of the single cells is inserted into the base assembly; the confluence The plate includes a positive electrode confluence layer and a negative electrode confluence layer located on the positive electrode confluence layer, the honeycomb housing structure is placed on the negative electrode confluence layer, and the negative electrode of the single battery passes through the protective member inserted in the base assembly It is electrically connected with the negative electrode bus layer.

In a preferred embodiment, the base assembly includes a plurality of base units, one end of the single battery is inserted into the base unit, and the base unit is provided with two through holes; the protection member includes a head The first pin and the second pin connected to the head, the first pin and the second pin are respectively inserted into the jack, and the first pin is inserted into the base unit The negative pole of the single battery is electrically connected, and the second pin is electrically connected to the negative bus layer of the bus board.

In a preferred embodiment, the base unit is provided with a circular hole penetrating the base unit, the side wall of the circular hole is provided with a metal sheet, the first pin of the protection member is in contact with the metal sheet and Electrically connected, the single battery is inserted into the circular hole and the negative electrode of the single battery is in contact with the metal sheet and electrically connected.

In a preferred embodiment, the head is a non-blowing resettable fuse.

In a preferred embodiment, the negative poles of all the single batteries housed in the honeycomb unit face the same direction and are located on the same plane, and are close to the top surface of the honeycomb housing structure; all the negative electrodes housed in the honeycomb unit The negative poles of the single cells all face the same direction and are close to the bottom surface of the honeycomb housing structure.

In a preferred embodiment, the negative electrode bus layer is provided with a plurality of through holes, each through hole has an elastic connector, one end of the elastic connector is electrically connected to the positive electrode bus layer, and the elastic connector The other end is connected with a positive electrode contact piece.

In a preferred embodiment, an insulating layer is arranged on the upper surface of the positive electrode confluence layer, the lower surface of the negative electrode confluence layer, and between the positive electrode confluence layer and the negative electrode confluence layer.

In a preferred embodiment, it also includes an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate, the upper cover plate is set on the honeycomb housing structure, the lower cover plate is set under the manifold, and the upper cover plate And the lower cover plate are made of aluminum alloy through machining.

In a preferred embodiment, the plurality of honeycomb units have the same shape and are adjacently connected, the plurality of honeycomb units are in the shape of a hexagonal prism, and the number of the honeycomb units corresponds to the number of single cells or is greater than the number of single cells quantity.

In a preferred embodiment, it also includes a heat dissipation plate, the heat dissipation plate is provided with a plurality of hexagonal holes, the heat dissipation plate is arranged between the upper cover plate and the honeycomb housing structure, and the honeycomb housing structure Each honeycomb unit passes through a hexagonal hole.

In the electric vehicle chassis structure provided by the present invention, the working safety of each single battery is ensured by the protective member, and the protective member is connected to the negative electrode of the single battery and the negative electrode confluence of the manifold by plugging. layer, the installation structure is simple and easy to replace.

【Description of drawings】

Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional exploded view of a chassis structure of an electric vehicle provided by the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of area A shown in FIG. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of an assembled chassis structure of an electric vehicle provided by the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of area B shown in FIG. 1 .

Fig. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of an assembled electric vehicle chassis structure provided by the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a perspective schematic diagram of an assembled chassis structure of an electric vehicle provided by the present invention.

【detailed description】

In order to make the object, technical solution and beneficial technical effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific implementations described in this specification are only for explaining the present invention, not for limiting the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the present invention provides an electric vehicle chassis structure 100, including an upper cover plate 10, a battery assembly 20, a honeycomb housing structure 30, a plurality of protective parts 40, a base assembly 50, a bus plate 60 and a lower cover plate 70 .

Both the upper cover plate 10 and the lower cover plate 70 are made of aluminum alloy through integral machining. The aluminum alloy can be made of light and high-strength aluminum alloy. For example, its composition can be composed of the following raw materials in weight percentage: Fe: 0.10～0.14%, Mn: 0.03～0.04%, Si: 0.02～0.04%, Ti: 0.01～ 0.06%, B: 0.03～0.09%, Zn: 2.2～2.9%, Mg: 0.9～1.0%, Cu: 1.1～1.3%, Ce: 0.5～1.0%, Sc: 0.1～0.4%, the balance is Al, The tensile strength of the above aluminum alloys can reach more than 700MPa.

Specifically, the upper cover plate 10 and the lower cover plate 70 are formed by rolling an aluminum alloy integral plate, and the thickness of the rolled plate can be determined according to the design strength requirements of the automobile and the battery power. The upper cover 10 and the lower cover 70 are rectangular. In other embodiments, the upper surface of the upper cover plate 10 can also be provided with reinforcing bumps for increasing the strength of the upper cover plate 10; the shapes of the upper cover plate 10 and the lower cover plate 70 are different Restricted to rectangles.

Please also refer to FIG. 2 , the honeycomb housing structure 30 includes a plurality of hollow honeycomb units 301 , the honeycomb units include sidewalls 3011 , and the thickness of the sidewalls 3011 is 1 to 2 mm. In this embodiment, the honeycomb unit 301 is a hexagonal prism, the two ends of the hexagonal prism are open, and the sidewall 3011 is perpendicular to the upper cover 10 and the lower cover 70 . In other embodiments, the hexagonal prisms of the honeycomb housing structure 30 may also be in other regular shapes, for example, triangular prisms, square prisms, pentagonal prisms, octagonal prisms, or columns. The honeycomb housing structure 30 further includes a top surface 302 and a bottom surface 303 opposite to the top surface 302 , the top surface 302 and the bottom surface 303 are the top surface 302 and the bottom surface 303 of the honeycomb unit 301 .

Please also refer to FIG. 3 , the battery assembly 20 includes a plurality of single batteries 21 . Each single battery 21 is a cylindrical lithium battery and includes a positive electrode 211 and a negative electrode 212 opposite to the positive electrode 211 . The negative electrode 212 is planar, and the negative electrode 212 is integrated with the cylindrical shell of the single battery 21 .

The height of each honeycomb unit 301 corresponds to or slightly less than the height of a single battery 21, and the honeycomb unit 301 is used to accommodate the single battery 21. The number of honeycomb units 301 can correspond to the number of the single battery 21, and can also be more than The number of single cells 21. When the number of the honeycomb units 301 corresponds to the number of the single batteries 21 , each honeycomb unit 301 corresponds to accommodate one single battery 21 . When the number of the honeycomb units 301 is greater than the number of the single batteries 21 , some of the honeycomb units 301 accommodate the single batteries, and the other part of the honeycomb units 301 may not accommodate the single batteries 21 . The cylindrical single battery 21 is accommodated in a honeycomb unit 301 corresponding to a hexagonal prism. All the honeycomb units 301 may have the same shape or different shapes, may be adjacent to each other, or partially disconnected, or not connected to each other. For the convenience of manufacture, in this embodiment, the honeycomb units 301 have the same shape and are adjacent to each other. The honeycomb housing structure 30 may be a polymer material with insulating properties, so as to ensure the insulating properties between the single cells 21 .

The protector 40 includes a head 401 and a first pin 402 and a second pin 403 connected to the head 401. Specifically, the head 401 is a non-blowing self-recovery fuse. A pin 402 and a second pin 403 are metal sheets and are connected to the head 401 by welding or the like. The non-blowing self-resetting fuse is sensitive to temperature. When the current passing through the non-blowing self-resetting fuse increases abnormally, the thermal effect of the current causes the temperature to rise. When the temperature exceeds a preset critical temperature, the non-blowing The resistance of the blown self-recovery fuse rapidly increases to the megohm level. At this time, the circuit is equivalent to an open state, thereby effectively limiting the short-circuit current or destructive large current; when the temperature drops below the critical temperature, the non-fuse self-recovery fuse The recovery fuse automatically recovers to the normal state, and the circuit is connected. Compared with ordinary fuses, non-blowing self-recovery fuses do not need to be blown to protect the circuit, avoiding the disassembly problem of replacement due to blown overcurrent fuses.

The base assembly 50 includes a plurality of base units 501, the base units 501 are accommodated at one end of the honeycomb unit 301 close to the bottom surface 303, the base units 501 are in the shape of hexagonal columns, and there are 501 of the circular hole 5011, the diameter of the circular hole 5011 is corresponding to or slightly larger than the diameter of the cylindrical single battery 21, and one end of the cylindrical single battery 21 is inserted into the circular hole 5011. Specifically, the side wall of the circular hole 5011 is provided with a metal sheet 502. When one end of the cylindrical single battery 21 is inserted into the circular hole 5011, the shell of the cylindrical single battery 21 (that is, the The negative electrode of the cylindrical single battery 21) is in contact with the metal sheet 502 and conducts. A flange 5012 is also formed on the side wall of the circular hole 5011, and the flange 5012 is used to hold the single battery 21. The base assembly 30 prevents the battery assembly 20 from being vertical to the axial direction of the single battery 21. The movement plays the role of fixing the battery assembly 20.

Please also refer to FIG. 4, the base unit 501 is provided with two through holes 5013, when the first pin 402 and the second pin 403 of the protection member 40 are respectively inserted into the holes 5013, the The first pin 402 contacts and is electrically connected to the metal sheet 502 , and the second pin 403 passes through the base unit 501 .

The bus plate 60 includes a positive bus layer 601 and a negative bus layer 602 on the positive bus layer 601 . An insulating layer 6012 is disposed on the upper surface of the positive electrode confluence layer 601 , the lower surface of the negative electrode confluence layer 602 and between the positive electrode confluence layer 601 and the negative electrode confluence layer 602 . The negative electrode bus layer 602 is provided with a plurality of through holes 6022, each through hole 6022 has an elastic connector 603, one end of the elastic connector 603 is electrically connected to the positive electrode bus layer 601, and the other end of the elastic connector 603 One end is connected with a positive electrode contact piece 604 . Each through hole 6022 corresponds to one honeycomb unit 301 . The negative poles 212 of all the cells 21 accommodated in the honeycomb unit 301 face the same direction and are located on the same plane, that is, close to the top surface 302 ; the positive poles 211 all face the same direction and are close to the bottom surface 303 . In this embodiment, the elastic connecting member 603 is a spring.

Please refer to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 together. During assembly, the base assembly 50 is arranged on the negative electrode bus layer 602 of the bus board 60, and the first pin 402 and the second pin 403 of the protection member 40 are respectively inserted into the In the socket 5013, the first pin 402 is in contact with and electrically connected to the metal sheet 502 in the base assembly 50, and the second pin 403 passes through the base unit 501 and is connected to the bus plate 60. The negative bus layer 602 contacts and is electrically connected; the honeycomb housing structure 30 is arranged on the bus board 60, and the honeycomb housing structure 30 is sleeved with the base assembly 50, wherein each base unit 501 is accommodated in a corresponding honeycomb In the unit 301, and the base assembly 50 is located on the negative bus plate 602, the protective member 40 is accommodated in the honeycomb housing structure 30, and the bottom surface 303 of the honeycomb housing structure is in contact with the bus board 60, wherein the honeycomb housing structure 30 can be bonded with bus plate 60 by epoxy resin. Specifically, each base unit 501 accommodating a single battery 21 is inserted with a protection member 40 .

Then the single cells 21 are packed into the corresponding honeycomb housing unit 301, and the positive pole 211 of each single battery 21 is against the positive contact piece 604, so that the positive pole 211 of the single battery 21 passes through the positive contact piece 604 And the elastic connecting member 603 is connected to the positive bus layer 601 of the bus board 60 . The casing of the single battery 21 (ie, the negative electrode 212 of the single cell) is electrically connected to the negative electrode bus layer 602 through the metal sheet 502 and the protective member 40 contained in the base unit 501 . In other embodiments, the negative bus layer 602 is provided with a conductive post 605, when the base unit 501 is assembled to the bus board 60, the conductive post 605 is inserted into the socket 5013, contacts the second pin 403 and electrical connection. The conductive post 605 connects the second pin 403 to the negative bus layer 602 and conducts it. At the same time, the conductive post 605 plays a guiding role when the base unit 501 is assembled to the bus plate 60, preventing the base unit 501 from offset from the manifold 60 .

Finally, the manifold 60 is placed on the lower cover plate 70, and then the upper cover plate 10 is placed on the top surface 302 of the honeycomb housing structure 30, the negative ends 212 of all the single cells 21 are located on the same plane and All face the upper cover plate 10 .

When in use, the positive electrode 211 of the single battery 21 is electrically connected to the positive electrode bus layer 601 through the positive electrode contact piece 604 and the elastic connector 603, and the negative electrode 212 is electrically connected to the negative electrode bus layer 602 through the metal sheet 502 and the protective member 40, so that the single battery The parallel connection between 21, when the single battery 21 is charging and discharging, if the current flowing through the protection part 40 is very large, the temperature of the protection part 40 will rise, because the head 401 of the protection part 40 is a non-fusing self-resetting fuse, As the temperature rises, the resistance of the head 401 increases rapidly. At this time, the single battery 21 is equivalent to an open circuit, which effectively prevents the single battery 21 from being damaged due to further temperature rise. When the temperature drops, the temperature of the head 401 of the non-blown self-recovery fuse drops, and the resistance drops, and the protection member 40 restores the conduction of the single battery 21 .

Further, the electric vehicle chassis structure 100 provided by the present invention also includes a heat dissipation plate 80, and the heat dissipation plate 80 is provided with a plurality of hexagonal holes, and the heat dissipation plate is arranged on the upper cover plate 10 and the honeycomb housing structure. Between 30, each honeycomb unit 301 of the honeycomb housing structure passes through a hexagonal hole. It can be understood that the shape of the hole opened by the heat dissipation plate 80 corresponds to the shapes of the honeycomb unit 301 such as a triangular prism, a quadrangular prism, a pentagonal prism, an octagonal prism, or a column, and may be triangular, quadrilateral, or pentagonal. , octagonal or circular shapes. Specifically, the heat dissipation plate 80 can be made of high thermal conductivity insulating material, and the heat dissipation plate 80 can also be made of phase change material.

The electric vehicle chassis structure 100 provided by the present invention ensures the working safety of each single battery 21 through the protective piece 40, and the protective piece 40 is connected to the negative electrode 212 of the single battery 21 and the converging current The negative electrode bus layer 602 of the plate 60 has a simple installation structure and is easy to replace.

The present invention is not limited to the description in the description and the implementation, so those skilled in the art can easily realize additional advantages and modifications, so without departing from the spirit and scope of the general concept defined by the claims and equivalent scope Without limitation, the invention is not limited to the specific details, representative apparatus, and illustrative examples shown and described herein.

Claims (10)

1. An electric vehicle chassis structure, characterized in that: it includes a battery assembly, a honeycomb housing structure, a plurality of protective parts, a base assembly and a manifold, the honeycomb housing structure includes a plurality of hollow honeycomb units, and the battery assembly includes A plurality of single cells, the single cells are accommodated in the honeycomb unit, the base assembly is accommodated at one end of the honeycomb housing structure, and one end of the single cells is inserted into the base assembly; The bus plate includes a positive bus layer and a negative bus layer on the positive bus layer, the honeycomb housing structure is placed on the negative bus layer, and the negative pole of the single battery is inserted into the base assembly The protection member is electrically connected to the negative electrode bus layer. 2. The electric vehicle chassis structure according to claim 1, wherein the base assembly includes a plurality of base units, one end of the single battery is inserted into the base unit, and the base unit is provided with two A through hole; the protective member includes a head and a first pin and a second pin connected to the head, and the first pin and the second pin are respectively inserted into the jack, so The first pin is electrically connected to the negative pole of the single battery inserted into the base unit, and the second pin is electrically connected to the negative bus layer of the bus board. 3. The electric vehicle chassis structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: the base unit is provided with a circular hole penetrating through the base unit, the side wall of the circular hole is provided with a metal sheet, and the protective member The first pin contacts and is electrically connected to the metal sheet, the single battery is inserted into the circular hole, and the negative pole of the single battery contacts and is electrically connected to the metal sheet. 4. The electric vehicle chassis structure according to claim 3, wherein the head is a non-blowing self-recovery fuse. 5. The chassis structure of an electric vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that: the negative poles of all the monomer batteries housed in the honeycomb unit face the same direction and are located on the same plane, and are close to the bottom of the honeycomb housing structure. Top surface: the negative poles of all the single batteries accommodated in the honeycomb unit face the same direction and are close to the bottom surface of the honeycomb housing structure. 6. The chassis structure of an electric vehicle according to claim 5, wherein the negative electrode confluence layer is provided with a plurality of through holes, each through hole has an elastic connector, and one end of the elastic connector is connected to the positive electrode. The bus layer is electrically connected, and the other end of the elastic connector is connected with a positive electrode contact piece. 7. The chassis structure of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein an insulating layer is arranged on the upper surface of the positive confluence layer, the lower surface of the negative confluence layer, and between the positive confluence layer and the negative confluence layer . 8. The electric vehicle chassis structure according to claim 1, further comprising an upper cover and a lower cover, the upper cover is set on the honeycomb housing structure, and the lower cover is set on Under the manifold, the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are both made of aluminum alloy through machining. 9. The electric vehicle chassis structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the plurality of honeycomb units are identical in shape and adjacently connected, the plurality of honeycomb units are in the shape of a hexagonal column, and the number of the honeycomb units corresponds to The number of single cells is or greater than the number of single cells. 10. The electric vehicle chassis structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: it also includes a heat dissipation plate, the heat dissipation plate is provided with a plurality of hexagonal holes, and the heat dissipation plate is arranged between the upper cover plate and the Between the honeycomb housing structures, each honeycomb unit of the honeycomb housing structures passes through a hexagonal hole.