CN107702558B - A kind of cooling means and device of fluid - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a fluid cooling method and device, including an air cooler, the air cooler at least includes a fluid tube through which the cooling fluid circulates and fins formed by spaced thin plates connected to the outside of the fluid tube. Finned tube; the surface of the flaky thin plate is coated with a hydrophilic paint layer on one side or both sides; the flaky thin plate is in contact with the circulating air. Using the air cooler to cool the fluid distributes water to the finned tubes during periods of high atmospheric temperature, and does not distribute water to the finned tubes or distributes water in sections during periods of low atmospheric temperature. The present invention coats the surface of the fins with a hydrophilic paint, and forms a uniform and stable water film on the surface of the fins by means of windshield and water distribution. In the high temperature period of the atmosphere, the latent heat of water vaporization and heat absorption of the direct water film on the fins is forced to evaporate. The heat exchange greatly improves the cooling capacity of the equipment, and the invention has the characteristics of remarkable water saving effect, low investment cost and low operating cost.

Description

Method and device for cooling fluid

technical field

The invention relates to a fluid cooling method and device, especially for the cooling of circulating cooling water and the condensation of steam in industrial processes, using water evaporation and heat exchange to make up for the lack of cooling capacity of air in high temperature periods, ensuring the cooling cycle of circulating cooling water Utilizing the effect of condensation of steam and achieving the purpose of reducing the scale of the device, saving equipment investment and operating costs, it belongs to the field of industrial water circulation, industrial cooling and air cooling water saving.

Background technique

In order to ensure the normal operation of industrial production processes, many processes need to be cooled. Due to its low price, abundant resources, and excellent heat transfer performance, natural water is often used as a heat transfer medium for industrial cooling, called cooling water. Cooling water is the largest user of industrial water, especially in ironmaking, metallurgy and petrochemical industries. Cooling and recirculating cooling water after temperature rise is an important way to save industrial water. At this stage, open cooling towers and air coolers are two common industrial cooling devices, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. In the open cooling tower, the cooling water sprinkled from the sprinkler unit directly convects heat with the air, which has a large heat extraction capacity, but part of the cooling water is lost due to evaporation and blown away by the air, and it needs to be continuously replenished. Water can also easily cause scaling and corrosion problems in pipes. Water saving can be achieved by using air-cooled dry air coolers, but the density and heat capacity of air are much smaller than water, the heat transfer effect of the air-side film is poor, and the cooling device is huge; dry air cooling is limited by the medium temperature and ambient temperature, and must meet The cooling requirements required for industrial production during high temperature periods will inevitably lead to serious excess cooling capacity during low temperature periods, resulting in waste of equipment. Wet air coolers make up for the shortcomings of dry air coolers to a certain extent, relying on spray water to humidify and cool down to enhance heat transfer, which not only reduces equipment investment but also ensures cooling effect during high temperature periods; but the existing wet air coolers are limited by water distribution methods and tube bundle materials , The spray water is easy to condense into large water droplets or bridge the water film on the surface of the tube bundle. The water film is often broken by the air under the suction of the fan, which not only interferes with the evaporation heat transfer, but also causes the blowing loss of the spray water. Similarly, if the condensation of steam used in power plants and other industrial heating uses an air cooler, its characteristics are the same as the cooling of circulating cooling water, and there are many problems as above. In addition, the method of spraying water at the air inlet to reduce the humid air to close to the wet bulb temperature and then exchange heat with the fins can also enhance the heat exchange capacity of the fins, but in fact it is only the cooled air that exchanges heat with the fins. Although the cooling capacity has been improved, the heat exchange between the humid air cooled by water vaporization and the fins still belongs to the mode of only heat conduction cooling, and the cooling capacity of water vaporization has not been fully utilized. If the latent heat of water vaporization can be directly used for the cooling of circulating water during the high temperature period in summer, the cooling capacity and effect can be greatly improved.

Therefore, according to the existing difficulties in circulating cooling water cooling and steam condensation, we developed an air-cooled system that uses the latent heat of water vaporization to absorb heat and force evaporative heat exchange during periods of high atmospheric temperature, greatly improving the cooling capacity and effect. Devices and methods with low equipment investment, low operating costs, and good water-saving effects are very important.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a water-saving air cooling device and method that can greatly reduce the investment cost, ensure the effect of circulating cooling water cooling and steam condensation (commonly known as fluid cooling). Combined with the inherent characteristics of air cooling and water film water vaporization latent heat absorption and forced evaporation heat transfer, through the innovation of cooling mode and equipment, the composite operation of atmospheric temperature following multi-media peak clipping can be realized, and the energy saving with high efficiency, low cost and wide load range can be realized. Water operation, suitable for a variety of cooling water quality and closed cycle cooling of steam, providing an economical and feasible technical means and device guarantee for industrial water saving. The invention has the characteristics of remarkable water saving effect, low investment cost and low operation cost.

Technology of the present invention adopts following scheme to realize:

A fluid cooling device, which is characterized in that it includes an air cooler, and the air cooler at least includes a fin composed of a fluid pipe through which the cooling fluid circulates and fins made of spaced apart thin plates connected to the outside of the fluid pipe tube; the surface of the flaky thin plate is coated with a hydrophilic paint layer on one side or both sides; the flaky thin plate is in contact with circulating air.

The fluid cooling device is characterized in that a water distribution mechanism for distributing water to the finned tube is provided on the upper part of the finned tube; Composed of water supply pipes, the water distributor can reciprocate on the track supporting the movement of the water distributor, or the water distribution mechanism is composed of segmented water distributors arranged in sections along the length of the fluid pipe, and water supply pipes connected to the segmented water distributors , The water spray of the water distributors in different sections is controlled independently by the valve.

The fluid cooling device is characterized in that a water distribution device for distributing water to the finned tube is provided on the upper part of the finned tube; The windshield mechanism at the lower part of the fin tube; the water distribution mechanism is composed of a water distributor, a track supporting the movement of the water distributor, and a water supply pipe connected to the water distributor. The water distributor can move back and forth on the track supporting the movement of the water distributor. Or the water distribution mechanism is composed of segmented water distributors arranged in sections along the length direction of the fluid pipe, and water supply pipes connected to the segmented water distributors. The water spray of different segments of the water distributors is independently controlled by valves; The wind deflector, the track supporting the movement of the wind deflector, and the return pipe connected to the moving wind deflector, the wind deflector can move back and forth on the track supporting the movement of the wind deflector, or the wind deflector mechanism is along the length direction of the fluid pipe There are segmented wind deflectors in each segment, and the segmented wind deflectors can be turned into parallel or vertical positions with the finned tubes, and the wind deflectors of different segments are controlled separately; by adjusting the position of the moving wind deflector or the segmented wind deflector The position relative to the finned tube enables the windshield to prevent air from entering the space between the fins of the finned pipe section implementing water distribution from the lower part when the water distributor implements water distribution.

The method for fluid cooling using the cooling device is characterized in that the linkage between the water distributing mechanism arranged on the upper part of the finned tube and the wind-shielding mechanism arranged on the lower part of the finned tube is realized through automatic control and coordination, or by distributing The rigid connection and cooperative action of the water mechanism and the windshield mechanism are realized.

The fluid cooling device is characterized in that the lower end of the windshield is provided with a groove for collecting water, and the water collected by the groove can flow into the aqueduct parallel to the fluid pipe, and the water outlet of the aqueduct is connected to the water distribution pump. The inlet is connected or connected with the inlet of the secondary utilization water pipe.

The fluid cooling device is characterized in that the finned tubes composed of two sets of fluid tubes through which the cooling fluid circulates and the fins formed by the thin plates connected to the outside of the fluid tubes are connected in series. In the direction of flow, the two groups of finned tubes are divided into the finned tubes of the upstream section of the fluid tube and the finned tubes of the downstream section of the fluid tube, and the circulating air passes through the finned tube of the downstream section of the fluid tube and then enters the finned tube of the upstream section of the fluid tube The upper part of the finned tube in the downstream section of the fluid tube is provided with a water distribution device, and the upper part of the finned tube in the upstream section of the fluid tube is provided with or not provided with a water distribution device, which can be implemented on both the upstream finned tube and the downstream finned tube of the fluid tube. Water distribution, or do not implement water distribution on the finned tubes in the upstream section of the fluid tube, implement water distribution on the finned tubes in the downstream section of the fluid tube, or implement water distribution in both the upstream finned tube and the downstream finned tube of the fluid tube .

The method of using the cooling device for fluid cooling is characterized in that the air cooler is used to cool the fluid to distribute water to the finned tubes during the period of high atmospheric temperature, and not to distribute water to the finned tubes during the period of low atmospheric temperature Water or segmented distribution of water.

The cooling device for the fluid is characterized in that the finned tube composed of fins made of thin plates arranged at intervals connected to the fluid tube through which the cooled fluid circulates and the outer side of the fluid tube is connected in series with the heat exchange metal tube , the outlet of the cooled fluid of the finned tube is connected with the inlet of the cooled fluid of the metal heat exchange tube; the sheet-shaped sheet surface of the finned tube is coated with a hydrophilic coating layer or not coated with a hydrophilic coating layer on one side or both sides, The outer wall of the heat exchange metal tube is coated with a hydrophilic paint layer; the air passes through the heat exchange metal tube and then enters the finned tube; the heat exchange metal tube and the finned tube implement all water distribution or segmented water distribution or no water distribution.

The fluid cooling device is characterized in that no water distribution mechanism for distributing water to the finned tubes is provided on the upper part of the finned tubes, but a sprayer for spraying water to the finned tubes is provided on the air inlet side of the air cooler. A water mechanism, or a water spray mechanism for spraying water to the air is provided on the air inlet side.

The method of cooling the fluid using the fluid cooling device is characterized in that the cooling water on the finned tubes is cooled by the water distribution on the finned tubes during the period of low atmospheric temperature, and the cooling water is stored in the cold water storage tank, or the cold water is stored in the cold water storage tank by mechanical refrigeration. In the tank, the cold water in the cold water storage tank is used as a water source for distributing water to the finned tubes or mixed with the outlet fluid of the cooler to supply cold water to users during the period of high atmospheric temperature.

The specific instructions are as follows:

The basic functional unit of an air cooler that realizes circulating cooling water cooling and steam condensation is a finned tube composed of a fluid tube that is circulated by a cooling fluid and finned fins that are connected to the outside of the fluid tube. The surface of the flaky thin plate is coated with a hydrophilic paint layer on one or both sides. When water is distributed to the air cooler, it will quickly spread out on the hydrophilic paint layer to form a uniform and stable water film, which is not easy to condense into water droplets and eliminate flakes. At the same time, when the air flows through the fins, the water vaporization not only absorbs heat from the air, but also directly absorbs heat from the fins, and absorbs heat through the latent heat of water vaporization to achieve cooling The purpose of rapidly absorbing heat in the fluid to cool it down. The hydrophilic coating is expected to be a substance with good corrosion resistance, good thermal conductivity, and good hydrophilicity. It is not limited to a certain chemical structure. The coating method generally adopts roller coating, spray coating, and dip coating, which can ensure the coating effect and meet the industrial technical tolerance. That's it. As shown in Figure 1, the spaced sheet thin plates (fins) 2 connected to the outside of the flow pipe 1 increase the heat exchange area of the air cooler, and the air 6 is sucked by the fan (not shown in the figure). Skimming the finned tubes at a certain speed from bottom to top enhances the heat transfer effect. The same amount of heat transfer can greatly reduce the volume of the device and reduce metal consumption, improving the reliability and economy of the device.

The upper and lower parts of the finned tubes are respectively equipped with a water distribution mechanism and a windshield mechanism. When the water distributor implements water distribution, the windshield can prevent the air from entering the space between the fins of the water distribution pipe section from the lower part, and pass through the fins. The finned tube of the water distribution mechanism on the upper part of the tube distributes water of a certain density, and the surface of the fins with hydrophilic properties quickly forms a stable and uniform water film, which realizes the latent heat of water vaporization and absorbs heat, and prevents water droplets from being carried away by the airflow during the water distribution process. The water distribution mechanism is the structure shown in Figure 2 or Figure 3. Figure 2 shows the mobile water distribution mechanism, including the mobile water distributor 7, the track 8 supporting the movement of the water distributor and the water supply pipe (not shown in the figure) connected to the water distributor. The nozzle of the water distributor is along the direction of the fin tube Arranged in single row or multiple rows, the water distributor is set on the track supporting the movement of the water distributor and can move back and forth. The running speed can be adjusted within a certain range. Water distribution; Fig. 3 shows the segmental operation water distribution mechanism of fixed nozzles. Segmented water distributors 9 and water supply pipes 10 connected to the segmented water distributors are arranged in sections along the length direction of the fluid pipe. The water spray of the device is independently controlled by the valve. According to the change of atmospheric temperature and humidity and the evaporation speed of the water film on the surface of the fin, the opening and closing time of the segmented water distributor can be independently managed, and the finned tube can be fully covered with water or segmented intermittently. . The windshield mechanism is the structure shown in Fig. 2 or Fig. 3 . Figure 2 shows a mobile windshield mechanism, including a movable windshield 12, a track 13 supporting the movement of the windshield, and a return pipe connected to the movable windshield (the track 13 has a water return function), and the windshield It is set on the track supporting the movement of the movable windshield and can move back and forth, and the running speed can be adjusted within a certain range; Figure 3 shows the segmented operation windshield mechanism of the fixed windshield, which is arranged in sections along the length direction of the fluid pipe There are segmented wind deflectors 14, and the segmented wind deflectors are provided with rotating shafts along the vertical direction of the finned tubes, and can be rotated 90° to turn the wind deflectors into parallel or vertical positions with the finned tubes, and the wind deflectors of different segments are independent Control; for the movable windshield mechanism, adjust the position of the movable windshield so that the windshield is always below the finned tube implementing the water distribution pipe section; for the segmented windshield mechanism of the fixed windshield, adjust The relative position of the wind plate and the finned tube, the wind deflector is parallel to the fin when the finned tube of the upper pipe section of the segmented wind deflector is not implementing water distribution, and the finned tube of the upper pipe section of the segmented wind deflector is blocked when water distribution is carried out The wind plate is flipped to a vertical position with the fins, so that when the water distribution mechanism implements water distribution, the windshield can prevent air from entering the space between the fins implementing the water distribution pipe section from the lower part, preventing the air from blowing the spray water, and realizing No droplet splash and full coverage of liquid film. The two water distribution mechanisms and the two wind protection mechanisms can be combined freely. The water distribution mechanism shown in Figure 2 can be combined with the wind protection mechanism shown in Figure 3, and the water distribution mechanism shown in Figure 3 can also be combined with the wind protection mechanism shown in Figure 2. Mechanism combinations can be selected according to specific conditions in actual engineering. In addition, when the air flow rate is small, the speed of the air passing over the fins is small, and the entrainment of the air to the water distribution is small, the windshield may not be installed, or the windshield may not enter the windshielding state.

Circulating cooling water cooling and steam condensation are realized when the cooled fluid circulates in the finned tubes. Due to the constraints of processing technology or transportation conditions, the manufacturing length of the finned tubes is limited. In order to achieve the required cooling temperature in actual engineering, the fluid tubes can be combined in series on the flow path of the cooled fluid (as shown in Figure 4), so that the cooled fluid flows through two sets of finned tubes in series, and by extending the fluid The cooling path reaches the required cooling temperature. For example, the tube bundle section composed of 8-meter-long fluid tubes is connected in series with the cooled fluid in the tube bundle section composed of another 8-meter-long fluid tubes, and the combined two groups of finned tubes are divided into upstream of the fluid tubes according to the flow direction of the cooled fluid. Finned tube 16 of section (first 8 meters of pipe section) and finned tube 17 of downstream section of fluid pipe (last 8 meters of pipe section). Suctioned by the fan 18, the air 6 flows from bottom to top, and the circulated air 6 passes through the finned tube 17 of the downstream section of the fluid tube and then enters the finned tube 16 of the upstream section, and the cooling air of the two sets of finned tubes Connect in series to share the air volume and save the power consumption of the fan.

In order to ensure that the water distribution mechanism achieves no droplet splash and full coverage of the liquid film on the finned tubes, the linkage between the water distribution mechanism set on the upper part of the finned tubes and the windshield mechanism set up on the lower part of the finned tubes is realized through automatic control and coordination. Or through the rigid connection and cooperative action of the water distribution mechanism and the windshield mechanism, the windshield is always located at the lower part of the finned tube implementing the water distribution pipe section, which can prevent the air from blowing away the spray water from the lower part.

The lower end of the windshield of the air cooler is provided with a groove for collecting water, which recovers the water sprayed out by the water distribution mechanism but fails to form a water film on the surface of the sheet-shaped thin plate. In the water pipe, the water outlet of the aqueduct is connected with the inlet of the water distribution pump to realize the recycling of spray water; the collected water can also be discharged into the next-level utilization unit for industrial process water quality utilization. In actual engineering equipment, the track 13 supporting the movement of the windshield can be made into a hollow structure inside, which can also be used as a groove for collecting water.

The change of air temperature and humidity has a great influence on the heat exchange capacity of the air cooler. The design and operation of the air cooler are carried out in combination with the local air temperature and the requirements of the production process equipment for water temperature. As shown in Figure 4, when the atmospheric temperature is low, the finned tubes 16 in the upstream section of the fluid tube and the finned tubes 17 in the downstream section do not implement water distribution, and the low-temperature air 6 is used as the cooling medium for air cooling to satisfy the cycle. Cooling water cooling and steam condensation requirements; when the atmospheric temperature is high, the temperature difference between the air and the cooled fluid becomes smaller, and when only air cooling is difficult to meet the industrial water requirements, the finned tube 16 in the upstream section of the fluid tube does not implement water distribution. The finned tube 17 in the downstream section of the fluid tube implements water distribution, and the evaporation of the spray water on the finned tube in the downstream section of the fluid tube not only reduces the inlet wind temperature of the finned tube 17 in the downstream section from the dry bulb temperature to the wet bulb temperature. temperature, strengthens the heat transfer in the tube, and because of the huge latent heat of vaporization of water, it reduces the temperature rise of the circulating air 6 passing through the finned tube 17 of the downstream section of the fluid tube, and the air 6 passes through the finned tube 17 of the upstream section at a lower temperature. The finned tubes 16 have also greatly improved the cooling capacity of the finned tubes 16 in the upstream section to the cooled fluid, and have higher comprehensive benefits; in the high temperature period, it is difficult to distribute water only to the finned tubes 17 in the downstream section of the fluid tubes. When meeting the requirements of industrial cooling water, the finned tubes 16 in the upstream section of the fluid tube and the finned tubes 17 in the downstream section are all equipped with water distribution, and the circulating air 6 passes through the finned tube 17 in the downstream section of the fluid tube and then enters the fluid tube The finned tubes 16 in the upstream section can further improve the cooling effect. Several operating modes are switched according to the change of atmospheric temperature, so as to achieve relatively small equipment investment, meet the requirements of industrial cooling, and achieve the purpose of saving water.

For the same section of finned tubes, the water distribution device may not distribute water to the finned tubes when the atmospheric temperature is low, and the water distribution device may distribute water to the finned tubes in sections or even fully cover the finned tubes when the atmospheric temperature is high Water distribution ensures that it can adapt to cooling requirements under different temperature and humidity conditions with lower equipment investment and less water consumption.

When the atmospheric temperature is low, water distribution on the finned tubes is used for cooling or mechanical refrigeration is used at night when the electricity price is low , The low-temperature cooling water stored in the cold water storage tank is mixed with the outlet fluid of the cooler to supply cold water to users, fulfilling industrial water requirements and reducing operating costs. In addition, when the atmospheric temperature is high, the low-temperature water in the cold water storage tank can also be used as the water source for distributing water to the finned tubes of the air cooler, increasing the heat transfer temperature difference between the spray water and the hot fluid in the tube, and enhancing the heat transfer capacity.

In order to reduce equipment investment and increase the cooling capacity of the cooling system for the cooled fluid, the tube section composed of finned tubes can be connected in series with the heat exchange tube section composed of heat exchange metal tubes, and the finned tubes are arranged upstream of the fluid flow path section, the cooled fluid is connected to the inlet of the heat exchange metal tube at the outlet of the finned tube, the heat exchange metal tube is arranged in the downstream section of the fluid tube, and the outlet of the heat exchange metal tube is connected to the inlet of the industrial circulation cooling facility; The fin surface of the tube is coated with a hydrophilic coating layer or not coated with a hydrophilic coating layer on one side or both sides, and the outer wall of the metal tube of the heat exchange metal tube is coated with a hydrophilic coating layer; under the action of the fan suction, the air flows from bottom to top Flow, the heat exchange metal tube in the downstream section of the fluid pipe and the air cooler in the upstream section of the fluid pipe share the air volume, which not only achieves efficient heat exchange but also ensures a compact cooling device; the water distribution device adjusts the heat exchange metal tube and finned tube according to the external temperature and humidity conditions Implement full coverage water distribution or segmented water distribution or no water distribution.

The air cooler can also not be provided with a water distribution mechanism for distributing water to the finned tubes on the upper part of the finned tubes, but as shown in Figure 5, a water spraying mechanism for spraying water to the finned tubes is provided on the air inlet side 19 of the air cooler, or A water spraying mechanism 20 is provided to spray water to the air. By using the atomized water particles to evaporate in the air, the air inlet temperature of the air cooler can be lowered from the dry bulb temperature to the wet bulb temperature. At the same time, the air entrains the sprayed water into the fin space, and the water droplets form a water film on the hydrophilic fin, which can also realize the function of water film water vaporization latent heat absorption heat and forced evaporation heat exchange, and obtains higher heat extraction capacity compared with ordinary air cooling .

In actual engineering, in order to ensure that the water distribution device can form a certain thickness of water film on the surface of the fins when the water distribution device distributes water to the finned tubes, the angle between the fins and the horizontal plane is less than 90°, usually 0-60°, which is suitable for steam The fluid pipe of the condensing air cooler cannot be placed horizontally and try to ensure a large inclination angle; when the angle between the fin and the horizontal plane is 45-60°, a hydrophilic coating layer is applied on both sides or the upper surface of the fin; the fin and the horizontal plane When the included angle is 0-30°, it is difficult for the spray water to adhere to the lower surface of the sheet-like sheet to form a water film due to its own gravity, and only the upper surface of the sheet-like sheet is coated with a hydrophilic coating layer.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the surface of the fins is coated with hydrophilic paint, and a uniform and stable water film is formed on the surface of the fins by means of windshield and water distribution, and the latent heat of vaporization of the water film directly on the fins is used during the high temperature period of the atmosphere. The heat absorption and forced evaporation heat exchange greatly improves the cooling capacity of the equipment, lays the foundation for reducing the scale of the equipment, and effectively prevents the problem of water being taken away by the air, improving the utilization rate of water; through the series arrangement of finned tube bundles The series utilization of water and air greatly improves the utilization efficiency of water and air, and realizes low-cost operation; by storing cold water at night and using it as a water distribution source during the high temperature period, the adjustment means for extreme high temperature is increased; by implementing the opening and closing of water distribution according to the atmospheric temperature Stopping and distributing water in sections realizes high-efficiency water saving while meeting industrial cooling requirements; through the innovation of cooling modes and devices, the composite operation of atmospheric temperature following multi-media peak shaving is realized, achieving high efficiency, low cost, and wide load Wide range of water-saving operation, suitable for a variety of cooling water quality and closed cycle cooling of steam, providing an economical and feasible technical means and device guarantee for industrial water saving. The invention has the characteristics of remarkable water saving effect, low investment cost and low operation cost.

Description of drawings

Figure 1: Schematic diagram of the finned tube structure;

Figure 2: Schematic diagram of the mobile water distribution mechanism;

Figure 3: Schematic diagram of the segmented water distribution mechanism with fixed nozzles;

Figure 4: Schematic diagram of finned tube-finned tube series mode;

Figure 5: Schematic diagram of finned tube-heat exchange metal tube series mode;

Figure 6: Schematic diagram of the cooling mode of the finned tube with water spray at the air inlet;

Figure 7: Schematic diagram of finned tube-cold water storage tank series mode;

Among them: 1-industrial fluid pipe, 2-fins coated with hydrophilic material on one or both sides of the surface, 3-hot fluid of cooled fluid, 4-cold fluid of cooled fluid, 5-spray water, 6 - Air flow direction, 7-Mobile water distributor, 8-Supporting the moving track of the water distributor, 9-Fixed segmented water distributor, 10-Water supply pipe, 11-Finned tube, 12-Mobile windshield, 13-track for supporting the movement of the wind deflector, 14-rotary segmented wind deflector, 15-upstream and downstream fluid pipeline connection pipe, 16-finned tube in the upstream section of the fluid tube, 17-finned tube in the downstream section of the fluid tube, 18-Fan, 19-Air inlet, 20-Water spray mechanism, 21-Inlet of cold water storage tank, 22-Water outlet of cold water storage tank, 23-Water delivery without cold water storage tank, 24-Cold fluid of circulating cooling water, 25 -Heat exchange metal pipe in the downstream section of the fluid pipe, 26-cold water storage tank, α-the angle between the fin and the horizontal plane.

Detailed ways

Example 1

This embodiment is a cooling scheme for circulating cooling water in the metallurgical industry, as shown in FIG. 4 . The cooling system is composed of finned tubes 16 at the upstream section of the fluid tube and finned tubes 17 at the downstream section of the fluid tube connected in series. The hot fluid 3 of the circulating cooling water enters the finned tube 16 in the upstream section of the fluid tube, is cooled by the circulating air 6, and then passes through the upstream and downstream fluid pipeline connection tube 15 and enters the finned tube 17 in the downstream section of the fluid tube, and is further absorbed by the air and water film water. After evaporative cooling and cooling, the finned tubes flow out, and the cold fluid 24 that does not pass through the cold water storage tank is sent to the user as the cold fluid 24 of circulating cooling water. The angle between the fins and the horizontal plane is 45°. The upper surface of the fins is coated with a hydrophilic paint layer on one side, and both are equipped with water distribution mechanisms, and the corresponding lower parts are equipped with windshield mechanisms. The water distribution mechanism and the windshield mechanism adopt a mobile structure as shown in Figure 2, and the positions of the two are coordinated through automatic control, so that the windshield 12 can prevent air from entering the implementation distribution from the bottom when the water distributor 7 is implementing water distribution. The space between the fins of the water pipe section forms a uniform and stable water film on the hydrophilic coating surface of the fins. Under the suction action of the fan 18, the air enters from the air inlet 19 as the air 6 passes through the finned tube 17 in the downstream section of the fluid pipe, absorbs heat from the fin and is cooled by the water film water vaporization and then enters the upstream section of the fluid pipe The finned tubes 16 are discharged from the top of the air cooler system after being in contact with the fins to absorb heat.

In the season or period when the atmospheric temperature is low, when the air cooling can meet the cooling requirements, the water distribution is stopped, and the circulating water is simply cooled by air; when the air temperature rises to the cooling water temperature that cannot meet the requirements of the metallurgical process, the fluid is turned on The water distribution mechanism on the upper part of the finned tube 17 in the downstream section of the pipeline performs water distribution and water film cooling. According to the cooling capacity of the atmospheric temperature, the water distribution of part of the pipe section or the water distribution of the entire pipe section of the fluid pipe is adjusted or only for the fluid pipeline. Water distribution is implemented on the upper part of the finned tube 17 in the downstream section; when the atmospheric temperature further increases and the water distribution of the entire tube of the finned tube 17 in the downstream section of the fluid tube cannot meet the cooling requirements, the water distribution on the upper part of the finned tube 16 in the upstream section of the fluid tube is turned on. The mechanism distributes water to meet the cooling requirements of the metallurgical process. When entering an extremely high temperature period, such as when the atmospheric temperature is 37° C., or the atmospheric humidity is high and the evaporation capacity is insufficient, water cooling is carried out at night to obtain low-temperature water and store it in the cold water storage tank 26 as the inlet water 21 of the cold water storage tank. , in the high temperature section from 13 to 15 in the afternoon, the cold water in the storage tank is sent to the user as the cold fluid 24 of circulating cooling water after being mixed with the cooling water 23 obtained by cooling at that time as the cold water storage tank outlet water 22 . The switching of the water distribution mode of the cooling system is adjusted by the automatic control system according to the change of the atmospheric temperature and the temperature of the cooling water sent to the user, so as to meet the requirements of the metallurgical process and save water.

Through this mode conversion, it is possible to achieve the goal of saving 90% of water with complete water cooling with only 35% of the equipment investment of air-cooled finned tubes while ensuring that industrial cooling requirements are met.

Example 2

This embodiment is a cooling scheme for circulating cooling water in the metallurgical industry, as shown in FIG. 5 . The cooling system is composed of a finned tube 16 at the upstream section of the fluid tube and a heat exchange metal tube 25 at the downstream section of the fluid tube connected in series. Circulating cooling water enters the finned tube 16 in the upstream section of the fluid tube, is cooled by the circulating air 6, and then enters the heat exchange metal tube 25 in the downstream section of the fluid tube, and is further cooled by the air and water film water, and then flows out of the heat exchange metal tube to the user . The angle between the fins in the upstream section of the fluid tube and the horizontal plane is 75°, the upper and lower surfaces of the fins on the finned tubes are coated with a hydrophilic paint layer, the outer surface of the heat exchange metal tube is coated with a hydrophilic paint layer, and the fins in the upstream section are coated with a hydrophilic paint layer. The upper part of the sheet tube 16 and the upper part of the heat exchange metal tube 25 in the downstream section are equipped with a water distribution mechanism, and the corresponding lower part is equipped with a wind-shielding mechanism. The water distribution mechanism and the windshield mechanism adopt a segmented structure as shown in Figure 3, and the positions of the two are coordinated through automatic control, so that the windshield 14 of the water distributor 9 can prevent the air 6 from entering the water distribution device from the lower part. Implement the space between the finned tubes or heat exchange metal tubes of the water distribution pipe section to form a uniform and stable water film on the hydrophilic coating surface of the fins or the coating surface of the heat exchange metal tubes. Under the suction of the fan 18, the air 6 passes through the heat exchange metal tube 25 in the downstream section of the fluid pipeline, absorbs heat from the heat exchange metal tube 25 and is cooled by the water film vaporization, and then enters the fins in the upstream section of the fluid pipeline The tube 16, after contacting the fins to absorb heat, discharges from the top of the air cooler system.

In the season or period when the atmospheric temperature is low, when the air cooling can meet the cooling requirements, the water distribution is stopped, and the circulating water is simply cooled by air; when the air temperature rises to the cooling water temperature that cannot meet the requirements of the metallurgical process, the fluid is turned on The water distribution mechanism on the upper part of the heat exchange metal pipe 25 in the downstream section of the tube performs water distribution and water film cooling, and adjusts the water distribution of part of the pipe section or the water distribution of the entire pipe section of the fluid pipe or the downstream section of the fluid pipe according to the cooling capacity of the atmospheric temperature. Water distribution is implemented on the upper part of the hot metal tube 25; when the atmospheric temperature further increases and the water distribution of the heat exchange metal tube 25 in the downstream section of the fluid tube cannot meet the cooling requirements, the water distribution mechanism of the finned tube 16 in the upstream section of the fluid tube is turned on. Water distribution to meet the cooling requirements of the metallurgical process. The switching of the water distribution mode of the cooling system is controlled by the automatic control system according to the change of the atmospheric temperature and the measurement of the cooling water temperature sent to the user to adjust the operation of the water distribution device, which meets the requirements of the metallurgical process and saves water.

Through this mode conversion, while ensuring industrial cooling, the goal of saving 65% of water compared to complete water cooling can be achieved with only 25% of the equipment investment of air-cooled finned tubes.

Example 3

This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1, the difference is that in the high temperature season, the strengthening of the cooling capacity uses water evaporation heat exchange, instead of installing a water distribution device on the upper part of the finned tube to distribute water to the fins, but at the air inlet The side is provided with the water spray mechanism that sprays water to the air, as shown in Figure 6. Using atomized water to evaporate in the air, the air inlet temperature can be lowered from the dry bulb to close to the wet bulb temperature. At the same time, the air entrains the sprayed water into the fin space, and the water droplets form a water film on the hydrophilic fin, which can also be realized The latent heat of water vaporization of the water film absorbs the heat and forces the evaporation heat exchange function, which obtains a higher heat extraction capacity than ordinary air cooling. Although the cooling effect of this method is not as good as that of water film cooling, the structure of the device is simple, and it has good effect and low cost advantages in areas with short-term high temperature and low air humidity.

Example 4

This embodiment is a cooling scheme for circulating cooling water in the metallurgical industry, as shown in FIG. 7 . Circulating cooling water enters the finned tube 11, is cooled by air and water film water evaporation, and then flows out to the user. The included angle between the finned tube 11 and the horizontal plane is 45°, the upper surface of the fin is coated with a hydrophilic paint layer on one side, and the upper part of the finned tube is equipped with a water distribution mechanism, and the corresponding lower part is equipped with a windshield mechanism. The water distribution mechanism adopts a mobile structure as shown in Figure 2, and the windshield mechanism adopts a segmented structure as shown in Figure 3. The positions of the two are coordinated through automatic control, so that the water distributor 8 implements the water distribution when the windshield 14 It can prevent the air 6 from entering the space between the fins of the water distribution pipe section from the lower part, and form a uniform and stable water film on the hydrophilic coating surface of the fins. Under the suction effect of the fan 18, the air 6 passes through the finned tubes, absorbs heat with the finned tubes, and discharges from the top of the air cooler system. The flowing water outside the water distribution film collected by the windshield enters the secondary utilization water pipe through the water outlet of the aqueduct, and is used as the water for downgrade use.

In the season or period when the atmospheric temperature is low, when the air cooling can meet the cooling requirements, the water distribution is stopped, and the circulating water is simply cooled by air; when the air temperature rises to the cooling water temperature that cannot meet the requirements of the metallurgical process, the fin The water distribution mechanism on the upper part of the sheet tube 11 performs water distribution and water film cooling, and adjusts the water distribution of some sections of the fluid pipe or the water distribution of the entire pipe section according to the cooling capacity brought by the atmospheric temperature; when entering an extremely high temperature period, such as 37°C When the atmospheric temperature is high, mechanical refrigeration is carried out at night when the electricity price is low, and the low-temperature water is stored in the cold water storage tank 26. In the high temperature section from 13 to 15 pm, the cold water in the storage tank is used as the finned tube 11 distribution The water source of the water is used for spraying water 5, which enhances the cooling and heat exchange effect of the water film and satisfies the user's water demand. The switching of the water distribution mode of the cooling system is controlled by the automatic control system according to the change of the atmospheric temperature, and the temperature of the cooling water sent to the user is measured to adjust the operation of the water distribution device, which meets the requirements of the metallurgical process and saves water.

Through this mode conversion, while ensuring industrial cooling, the goal of water saving of more than 70% compared with complete water cooling can be achieved with only 30% of the equipment investment of air-cooled finned tubes.

Example 5

This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1, except that the fluid to be cooled is the exhausted steam of power generation in the power industry, and the steam is condensed; the angle between the fins and the horizontal plane is 75°, and the upper and lower surfaces of the fins are coated with With a hydrophilic coating layer, the water distribution mechanism adopts a segmented structure as shown in Figure 3, and the windshield mechanism adopts a mobile structure as shown in Figure 2. The position of the windshield is coordinated and moved by automatic control, so that the water distributor is implemented During water distribution, the windshield can prevent air from entering the space between the finned tubes of the water distribution pipe section from the lower part, form a uniform and stable water film on the hydrophilic coating surface of the fins, and prevent water from being entrained by the air flow loss.

Through this mode conversion, while ensuring steam condensation, the goal of water saving of more than 90% with complete water cooling can be achieved with only 40% of the equipment investment of air-cooled finned tubes.

Example 6

This embodiment is a cooling scheme for circulating cooling water in the electric power industry. It is basically the same as Embodiment 1, except that there is no water distribution mechanism on the finned tube 16 in the upstream section of the fluid tube, and only on the finned tube 17 in the downstream section of the fluid tube. The water distribution mechanism is set, and the water distribution mechanism and the windshield mechanism are rigidly connected to coordinate the positions of the two, so that the windshield 14 of the water distributor 8 can prevent the air 6 from entering the fins of the water distribution pipe section from the bottom when implementing water distribution. A uniform and stable water film is formed on the hydrophilic coating surface of the fins.

Example 7

This embodiment is a cooling scheme for circulating cooling water in the petrochemical industry. It is basically the same as Embodiment 2, except that the lower windshield mechanism is not provided. Since the inlet temperature of the cooling circulating water is 65°C, the water temperature is higher than the cooling capacity of the atmosphere. The air volume is relatively high, so the cooling requirement can be met only by directly distributing water to form a uniform and stable water film on the hydrophilic coating surface of the fins. Under this working condition, this method can achieve better water saving with less investment.

Example 8

This embodiment is a cooling scheme for circulating cooling water in the petrochemical industry, which is basically the same as Embodiment 2, except that the fins of the finned tube 16 in the upstream section of the fluid tube are not coated with hydrophilic materials. 65°C, the water temperature is high, the cooling capacity of the atmosphere is strong, and the amount of air used is less, so there is no need to distribute water, and only spray water at the air inlet of the heat exchange metal pipe 25 in the downstream section of the fluid pipe to bring in water droplets through the air to meet the cooling requirements. Under this working condition, this method can achieve better water saving with less investment.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of cooling device of fluid, it is characterized in that including air cooler, air cooler is included at least by the fluid circulation that is cooled Finned tube composed by fluid hose and the fin constituted with the spaced thin sheet like plate being connected on the outside of the fluid hose；It is described Thin sheet like plate surface is unilateral or two sides are coated with hydrophilic coating layer；Thin sheet like plate is contacted with the air of circulation；

The finned tube top is provided with the water distributing mechanism to finned tube water distribution；Water distributing mechanism is by water distributor, support water distributor The water supply line composition of mobile track, connection water distributor, water distributor can move back and forth on the mobile track of support water distributor, Or water distributing mechanism is by the water supply line group of segmentation water distributor, connection segment water distributor along fluid hose length direction subsection setup At the water spray of the water distributor of different sections is by valve independent control；

The finned tube top is provided with the water-distributing device to finned tube water distribution；The water-distributing device is at least by being arranged in fin The water distributing mechanism on pipe top and the wind-blocking mechanism composition that finned tube lower part is set；Water distributing mechanism is by water distributor, support water distributor The water supply line composition of mobile track, connection water distributor, water distributor can move back and forth on the mobile track of support water distributor, Or water distributing mechanism is by the water supply line group of segmentation water distributor, connection segment water distributor along fluid hose length direction subsection setup At the water spray of the water distributor of different sections is by valve independent control；Wind-blocking mechanism is by moving the mobile rail of wind deflector, support wind deflector Road, the water return pipeline connecting with mobile wind deflector form, and wind deflector can move back and forth on the mobile track of support wind deflector, or Wind-blocking mechanism is the segmentation wind deflector along fluid hose length direction subsection setup, and segmentation wind deflector may be reversed into parallel with finned tube Or vertical position, the wind deflector of different sections individually control；By adjusting mobile Board position or the segmentation wind deflector and fin of keeping out the wind The relative position of pipe enables water distributor wind deflector when implementing water distribution that air is stopped to enter the implementation water distribution wing from lower part Space between the fin of piece pipeline section.

2. the cooling device of fluid as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that the water distributing mechanism that finned tube top is set and The gearing that the wind-blocking mechanism of finned tube lower part is arranged in is to coordinate to realize by automatically controlling, or pass through water distributing mechanism and the machine that keeps out the wind The rigid connection co-operating of structure is realized.

3. the cooling device of fluid as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that the wind deflector lower end is provided with the groove for collecting water, The groove collect water energy enough flows into and fluid hose aqueduct disposed in parallel in, the entrance phase of aqueduct water out and cloth water pump Connection is connected with second level using pipe inlet.

4. the cooling device of fluid as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that not being arranged on finned tube top to the finned tube cloth The water distributing mechanism of water, but the water spraying mechanism sprayed water to the finned tube is provided in the air inlet side of air cooler.

5. a kind of cooling device of applicating fluid carries out fluid-cooled method；It is characterized in that the cooling device of the fluid is power Benefit requires the cooling device of fluid described in 1~4 any one.