CN107702240A - A kind of combined type solution dehumidification again generating apparatus and dehumidifying renovation process - Google Patents

A kind of combined type solution dehumidification again generating apparatus and dehumidifying renovation process Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107702240A
CN107702240A CN201710766172.3A CN201710766172A CN107702240A CN 107702240 A CN107702240 A CN 107702240A CN 201710766172 A CN201710766172 A CN 201710766172A CN 107702240 A CN107702240 A CN 107702240A
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China
Prior art keywords
solution
air
dehumidification
heat
condenser
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CN201710766172.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
牛润萍
陈潇义
吕浩
孟富强
匡大庆
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Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture
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Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture
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Priority to CN201710766172.3A priority Critical patent/CN107702240A/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/14Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
    • F24F3/147Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification with both heat and humidity transfer between supplied and exhausted air
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/26Drying gases or vapours
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B27/00Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
    • F25B27/002Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using solar energy
    • F25B27/005Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using solar energy in compression type systems
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00Fluid-circulation arrangements

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Drying Of Gases (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of combined type solution dehumidification again generating apparatus and dehumidifying renovation process, belong to independent temperature-humidity control technical field.Including regeneration air annealing device, steam compression circulating system and solution dehumidification regenerative system;Regeneration air annealing device is made up of the condenser and solar energy air heat collector of steam compression circulating system;Steam compression circulating system is made up of evaporator, condenser, compressor, choke valve and corresponding pipe fitting;Solution dehumidification regenerative system is made up of material filling type regenerator, fountain coil pipe dehumidifier and corresponding component.Present invention comprehensive utilization used heat and solar energy, enhancing solution dehumidification ability, lift the temperature of regeneration air, ensure that the regenerative process of high-concentration dilute solution is smoothed out.

Description

A kind of combined type solution dehumidification again generating apparatus and dehumidifying renovation process
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of combined type solution dehumidification again generating apparatus and dehumidifying renovation process, belong to independent temperature-humidity control Technical field.
Background technology
With the raising that people are required thermal comfort row, air-conditioning technical is widely applied.Traditional steam compression type For air conditioner refrigerating technology due to being handled while heat, moisture, it is unnecessary caused by air is heat-treated again to inevitably result in Energy consumption process.Solution dehumidification technology has using low-grade heat source, heat storage capacity as a kind of independent temperature-humidity control technology The advantages such as big and high air quality, turn into the one side of field of air conditioning research.And the air-conditioning in summer air-conditioning refrigeration area Energy consumption accounts for the sizable ratio of building energy consumption, and substantial amounts of in air-conditioning system low-grade condensation heat is not utilized is just discharged into big compression ring Border, cause the waste of the energy.As a kind of abundant natural energy resources, it has a extensive future solar energy.
The application of solution dehumidification technology is influenceed by solution concentration, solution temperature, solution type etc..Higher concentration Dehumidification solution, its dehumidifying effect is better than the dehumidification solution of low concentration, but in the regeneration stage of solution, it is desirable to provide more Ground regenerated heat could complete regenerative process.It is reasonably the direction of current one breakthrough of solution dehumidification technology using external heat source.
The content of the invention
For overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of combined type solution dehumidification generating apparatus and dehumidifying regeneration again Method.
A kind of combined type solution dehumidification renovation process, including regeneration air heat treatment step, steam compression cycle step and Solution dehumidification regeneration step;
Regeneration air heat treatment step:Gas carries out heat exchange by condenser, and the gas by heat exchange is again by too Positive energy air collector is heated, and the gas by heating is sent into material filling type solution regenerator;
Steam compression cycle step:Gaseous refrigerant is handled by the compression of compressor, is changed into high temperature from gaseous refrigerant The gaseous refrigerant of high pressure, and condenser is flowed to by compressor, the gaseous refrigerant of condenser internal high temperature high pressure passes through condensation Heat exchanging process occurs for the Cryogenic air of device coil pipe and flows outside, and air takes away partial heat, and refrigerant is changed into low temperature height The liquid refrigerant of pressure, and choke valve is flowed to by condenser, acted on by the reducing pressure by regulating flow of choke valve, the liquid system of cryogenic high pressure Cryogen is changed into the gaseous refrigerant of low-temp low-pressure, and flows to condenser, and the gaseous refrigerant of evaporator inner cryogenic low pressure passes through Evaporator coil and the dehumidification solution of flows outside carry out heat exchanging process, the heat of absorption coil outside dehumidification solution, cocurrent To compressor;
Solution dehumidification regeneration step:The dehumidification solution of high concentration passes through dehumidifier upper spray pipe, is evenly distributed on dehumidifying Device internal coil surface, low-temperature refrigerant in pipe is transferred heat to by coil surface, caloic biography is carried out with pending air Process is passed, is changed into low concentration solution after absorbing the vapor and latent heat of pending air and is excluded from dehumidifier bottom, flowed through low Strength solution tank, solution heat exchanger, solution regenerator, are acted on through shower, are evenly distributed on filler surface, are regenerated with incoming empty Gas carries out caloic exchange, and the moisture inside solution is reproduced air and taken away, and its concentration is continuously increased, and through regenerator bottoms stream Go out, flow through highly concentrated solution tank, solution heat exchanger enters solution moisture removing device.
It is an advantage of the invention that:
1) used heat and solar energy are comprehensively utilized.The condensation heat of vapor compression refrigeration system is handled for preheating of air, The discharge of condenser heat and the lifting of air themperature are realized, and solar energy air heat collector makes air themperature further be lifted, The comprehensive utilization of solar energy is realized, improves the power of regeneration of solution regenerator;
2) solution dehumidification ability is strengthened.The dehydrating unit of highly concentrated solution, can band because solution surface vapour pressure is lower More vapor is walked in air, improves the dehumidifying effect of dehumidifier;The concentration of dehumidification solution is with respect to same type equipment concentration Higher, the temperature requirement to regeneration air is higher than same type equipment.Generating apparatus is cold due to comprehensively utilizing again for combined type solution dehumidification Solidifying heat and solar energy, the temperature of regeneration air is lifted, ensure that the regenerative process of high-concentration dilute solution is smoothed out.
Brief description of the drawings
When considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, by referring to following detailed description, can more completely more fully understand the present invention with And easily learn many of which with the advantages of, but accompanying drawing described herein be used for a further understanding of the present invention is provided, The part of the present invention is formed, schematic description and description of the invention is used to explain the present invention, do not formed to this hair Bright improper restriction, such as figure are wherein:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention.
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Embodiment
Obviously, those skilled in the art belong to the guarantor of the present invention based on many modifications and variations that spirit of the invention is done Protect scope.
Those skilled in the art of the present technique are appreciated that unless expressly stated, singulative " one " used herein, " one It is individual ", " described " and "the" may also comprise plural form.It is to be further understood that wording " the bag used in this specification Include " refer to the feature, integer, step, operation, element and/or component be present, but it is not excluded that in the presence of or addition one or Other multiple features, integer, step, operation, element, component and/or their group.It should be understood that when title element, component quilt When ' attach ' to another element, component, it can be directly connected to other elements either component or there may also be cental element Part or component.Any cell of wording "and/or" used herein including one or more associated list items and complete Combine in portion.
Those skilled in the art of the present technique are appreciated that unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technology art Language and scientific terminology) with the general understanding identical meaning with the those of ordinary skill in art of the present invention.
For ease of the understanding to the embodiment of the present invention, explanation will be further explained below, and each embodiment is not Form the restriction to the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:As shown in figure 1, generating apparatus, the inner chamber installation of air preheater 1 are cold again for a kind of combined type solution dehumidification There is air inlet condenser 8, one end of air preheater 1, and the other end of air preheater 1 passes through airduct and solar energy air heat collector 2 connections, the other end of solar energy air heat collector 2 are connected by airduct with material filling type solution regenerator 3, the regeneration of material filling type solution The cavity internal upper part of device 3 connects the first blower fan 13, and the first blower fan 13 discharges the inner chamber gas of material filling type solution regenerator 3, the The cavity of the bottom material filling type solution regenerator 3 of one blower fan 13 connects the first solution spraying pipe 12, the first solution spraying pipe 12 Bottom is filler, and filler is full of the inner chamber of material filling type solution regenerator 3,
Receive solar radiation, the bottom connection insulation back of the body of solar energy air heat collector 2 outside solar energy air heat collector 2 Plate 6, the top connection transparent cover plate 5 of solar energy air heat collector 2,
The cavity internal upper part of coiled solution moisture removing device 4 connects the second blower fan 14, and the second blower fan 14 arranges gas in cavity Go out, the lower cavity of the second blower fan 14 connects the second solution spraying pipe 11, the lower cavity installation evaporation of the second solution spraying pipe 11 Device 10, the lower cavity installation air-inlet grille 15 of evaporator 10, air enter coiled solution moisture removing device 4 from air-inlet grille 15 In cavity,
One end of compressor 7 connects one end of condenser 8 by the first pipeline 28, and the other end of condenser 8 passes through second Pipeline 29 connects choke valve 9, and the other end of choke valve 9 connects one end of evaporator 10 by the 3rd pipeline 30, evaporator 10 The other end connects the other end of compressor 7 by the 4th pipeline 27,
Second solution spraying pipe 11 connects the second regulating valve 21 by the 5th pipeline 25, and the other end of the second regulating valve 21 connects Solution heat exchanger 22 is connect,
The lower cavity connected drainage pipe of coiled solution moisture removing device 4, discharging tube connect the 6th pipeline 26, the 6th pipeline 26 The other end connect the second fluid reservoir 20 (weak solution), the second fluid reservoir 20 (weak solution) is also connected with the second solution pump by pipeline 19, the other end connection solution heat exchanger 22 of the second solution pump 19, one end connection solution heat exchanger 22 of the first regulating valve 16, the The other end of one regulating valve 16 connects the first solution spraying pipe 12 by the 7th pipeline 23, and one end connection of the first solution pump 18 is molten Liquid heat exchanger 22, the other end of the first solution pump 18 connect the first fluid reservoir (concentrated solution) 17,
One end of the second solution pump 19, the first solution are connected in one end of the first regulating valve of inside 16 of solution heat exchanger 22 One end of pump 18 connects the second regulating valve 21;
The lower cavity connected drainage pipe of material filling type solution regenerator 3, the other end of discharging tube connect through the 8th pipeline 24 connect the first fluid reservoirs 17 (concentrated solution), and arrow is also represented by flowing in figure.
A kind of combined type solution dehumidification renovation process, give full play to the condensation heat and solar heat of both vapor compression release Amount, the comprehensive utilization of the energy is realized, lift solution power of regeneration;Using the evaporation cold of steam compression system, it is molten to suppress dehumidifying The temperature rise of liquid, lift dehumidifying effect.
Embodiment 2:As shown in figure 1, a kind of combined type solution dehumidification renovation process, including regeneration air heat treatment step, Steam compression cycle step and solution dehumidification regeneration step;
Regeneration air heat treatment step:Gas carries out heat exchange by condenser 8, and the gas by heat exchange is again by too Positive energy air collector 2 is heated, and the gas by heating is sent into material filling type solution regenerator 3;
Steam compression cycle step:
Gaseous refrigerant is handled by the compression of compressor 7, is changed into the liquid refrigerant of HTHP from gaseous refrigerant, And condenser 8 is flowed to by compressor 7, the liquid refrigerant of the internal high temperature high pressure of condenser 8 is flowed by condenser coil with outside Heat exchanging process occurs for dynamic Cryogenic air, and air takes away partial heat, and refrigerant is changed into the liquid refrigerant of cryogenic high pressure, And from condenser stream 8 to choke valve 9, acted on by the reducing pressure by regulating flow of choke valve 9, the liquid refrigerant of cryogenic high pressure is changed into low temperature The gaseous refrigerant of low pressure, and evaporator 10 is flowed to, the gaseous refrigerant of the inner cryogenic low pressure of evaporator 10 passes through evaporator plate Pipe and the dehumidification solution of flows outside carry out heat exchanging process, the heat of absorption coil outside dehumidification solution, and flow to compressor 7。
Solution dehumidification regeneration step:
The dehumidification solution of high concentration passes through the second shower of top 11 of coiled dehumidifier 4, is evenly distributed on coiled and removes The wet internal coil of device 4 (coil pipe of evaporator 10) surface, transfers heat to low-temperature refrigerant in pipe, with waiting to locate by coil surface Manage air and carry out Mass and heat transfer process, absorb and be changed into low concentration solution after the vapor and latent heat of pending air and from coiled The bottom of dehumidifier 4 excludes, and flows through the second fluid reservoir 20 (weak solution), solution heat exchanger 22, solution regenerator 3, through the first spray Pipe 12 acts on, and is evenly distributed on filler surface, and carrying out caloic with incoming regeneration air exchanges, and the moisture inside solution is reproduced sky Gas is taken away, and its concentration is continuously increased, and is flowed out through the bottom of solution regenerator 3, flows through the first fluid reservoir 17 (concentrated solution), solution changes Hot device 22 enters coiled dehumidifier 4.
Embodiment 3:A kind of as shown in figure 1, combined type solution dehumidification generating apparatus, including regeneration air heat treatment section, steaming again The vapour pressure contracting circulatory system and solution dehumidification regenerative system;Regeneration air be heat-treated section by steam compression circulating system condenser and Solar energy air heat collector is formed;Steam compression circulating system is by evaporator, condenser, compressor, choke valve and corresponding pipe fitting Form;Solution dehumidification regenerative system is made up of material filling type regenerator, fountain coil pipe dehumidifier and corresponding component;
The condenser 8 of steam compression system is provided with air preheater 1, is connected to through airduct, solar energy air heat collector 2 Material filling type regenerator 3, form air heat treatment section;
The evaporator 10 inside condenser 8 and compressor 7, choke valve 9, coiled dehumidifier 4 inside air preheater 1 It is connected, forms steam compression cycle loop.
The discharging tube of material filling type regenerator 3 through the solution pump 18 of the first NaOH solution tank NaOH (concentrated solution) 17, first, solution heat exchange 22, Second regulating valve 21 is connected with the second solution spraying pipe 11 of coiled dehumidifier 4;The discharging tube of coiled dehumidifier 4 is through second Fluid reservoir 20 (weak solution), the second solution pump 19, solution heat exchanger 22, the first regulating valve 16 and the first of material filling type regenerator 3 Solution spraying pipe 12 is connected, and forms solution dehumidification regeneration cycle loop;
As a preferred embodiment, combined type solution dehumidification is provided with distributary type solution heat exchanger 22 in generating apparatus again.
A kind of combined type solution dehumidification renovation process, contains following steps;By being heat-treated to regeneration air, make full use of The condensation heat and solar heat of both vapor compression release, while realizing the comprehensive utilization of the energy, and lift solution Regenerated energy Power;Solution moisture removing device utilizes the evaporation cold of steam compression system, suppresses the temperature rise of dehumidification solution, lifts dehumidifying effect.
As described above, embodiments of the invention are explained, as long as but essentially without this hair of disengaging Bright inventive point and effect can have many deformations, and this will be readily apparent to persons skilled in the art.Therefore, this The variation of sample is also integrally incorporated within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of combined type solution dehumidification generating apparatus again, it is characterised in that followed including regeneration air annealing device, both vapor compression Loop system and solution dehumidification regenerative system;Regeneration air annealing device by steam compression circulating system condenser and solar energy Air collector is formed;Steam compression circulating system is made up of evaporator, condenser, compressor, choke valve and corresponding pipe fitting;It is molten Liquid dehumidifying regenerative system is made up of material filling type regenerator, fountain coil pipe dehumidifier and corresponding component.
2. a kind of combined type solution dehumidification according to claim 1 generating apparatus again, it is characterised in that regeneration air is heat-treated Device is the condenser that steam compression system is provided with air preheater, and filler is connected to through airduct, solar energy air heat collector Formula regenerator.
A kind of 3. combined type solution dehumidification according to claim 1 generating apparatus again, it is characterised in that steam compression cycle system The condenser united inside for air preheater is connected with the evaporator inside compressor, choke valve, coiled dehumidifier, forms and steams Vapour pressure contracting circulation loop.
A kind of 4. combined type solution dehumidification according to claim 1 generating apparatus again, it is characterised in that solution dehumidification regeneration system The discharging tube of the material filling type regenerator of system removes through the first NaOH solution tank NaOH, the first solution pump, solution heat exchange, the second regulating valve and coiled Second solution spraying pipe of wet device is connected;The discharging tube of coiled dehumidifier exchanges heat through the second fluid reservoir, the second solution pump, solution Device, the first regulating valve are connected with the first solution spraying pipe of material filling type regenerator, form solution dehumidification regeneration cycle loop.
A kind of 5. combined type solution dehumidification according to claim 1 generating apparatus again, it is characterised in that combined type solution dehumidification Distributary type solution heat exchanger is provided with generating apparatus again.
6. a kind of combined type solution dehumidification renovation process, including regeneration air heat treatment step, steam compression cycle step and molten Liquid dehumidifying regeneration step;
Regeneration air heat treatment step:Gas carries out heat exchange by condenser, passes through solar energy again by the gas of heat exchange Air collector is heated, and the gas by heating is sent into material filling type solution regenerator;
Steam compression cycle step:Gaseous refrigerant is handled by the compression of compressor, is changed into HTHP from gaseous refrigerant Gaseous refrigerant, and condenser is flowed to by compressor, the gaseous refrigerant of condenser internal high temperature high pressure passes through condenser pan Heat exchanging process occurs for pipe and the Cryogenic air of flows outside, and air takes away partial heat, and refrigerant is changed into cryogenic high pressure Liquid refrigerant, and choke valve is flowed to by condenser, acted on by the reducing pressure by regulating flow of choke valve, the liquid refrigerant of cryogenic high pressure It is changed into the gaseous refrigerant of low-temp low-pressure, and flows to condenser, the gaseous refrigerant of evaporator inner cryogenic low pressure passes through evaporation Device coil pipe and the dehumidification solution of flows outside carry out heat exchanging process, the heat of absorption coil outside dehumidification solution, and flow to pressure Contracting machine;
Solution dehumidification regeneration step:The dehumidification solution of high concentration passes through dehumidifier upper spray pipe, is evenly distributed in dehumidifier Portion's coil surface, low-temperature refrigerant in pipe is transferred heat to by coil surface, Mass and heat transfer mistake is carried out with pending air Journey, it is changed into low concentration solution after absorbing the vapor and latent heat of pending air and is discharged from dehumidifier bottom, flow through low concentration NaOH solution tank NaOH, solution heat exchanger, solution regenerator, are acted on through shower, are evenly distributed on filler surface, are entered with incoming regeneration air Row caloic exchanges, and the moisture inside solution is reproduced air and taken away, and its concentration is continuously increased, and is flowed out through regenerator bottoms, stream Enter solution moisture removing device through highly concentrated solution tank, solution heat exchanger.
7. a kind of combined type solution dehumidification renovation process according to claim 6, it is characterised in that utilize hot-air again Mode carries out the regenerative process of solution, comprehensively utilizes solar energy, realizes green, the feature of energy-saving and environmental protection.
8. a kind of combined type solution dehumidification renovation process according to claim 6, it is characterised in that followed using both vapor compression Cold caused by evaporator in ring, unnecessary dehumidifying latent heat is taken away, maintains the dehumidifying effect of dehumidification solution, improve dehumidifying effect Fruit.
CN201710766172.3A 2017-08-30 2017-08-30 A kind of combined type solution dehumidification again generating apparatus and dehumidifying renovation process Pending CN107702240A (en)

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CN110500669A (en) * 2019-08-21 2019-11-26 东南大学 Double back wind step dehumidifier/air-conditioning system
CN111174225A (en) * 2020-01-02 2020-05-19 东南大学 Wet smoke plume eliminating system and method based on solution humidity regulation and water recovery
CN111773890A (en) * 2020-06-29 2020-10-16 南京航空航天大学 Solar regeneration solution dehumidification system and method based on electrowetting
WO2021052278A1 (en) * 2019-09-16 2021-03-25 杭州三花研究院有限公司 Vehicle air conditioning system
CN114279009A (en) * 2021-12-10 2022-04-05 臣功(北京)科技有限公司 Heat pump hot air unit based on return air waste heat recovery
CN114349095A (en) * 2022-02-15 2022-04-15 上海兴全电力技术有限公司 Horizontal tubular carrier gas anti-scaling evaporation system

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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CN111174225A (en) * 2020-01-02 2020-05-19 东南大学 Wet smoke plume eliminating system and method based on solution humidity regulation and water recovery
CN111773890A (en) * 2020-06-29 2020-10-16 南京航空航天大学 Solar regeneration solution dehumidification system and method based on electrowetting
CN114279009A (en) * 2021-12-10 2022-04-05 臣功(北京)科技有限公司 Heat pump hot air unit based on return air waste heat recovery
CN114349095A (en) * 2022-02-15 2022-04-15 上海兴全电力技术有限公司 Horizontal tubular carrier gas anti-scaling evaporation system

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