CN107677586B - Geotextile silting experiment instrument - Google Patents
Geotextile silting experiment instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN107677586B CN107677586B CN201711154520.8A CN201711154520A CN107677586B CN 107677586 B CN107677586 B CN 107677586B CN 201711154520 A CN201711154520 A CN 201711154520A CN 107677586 B CN107677586 B CN 107677586B
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- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 125
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 21
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 21
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims description 21
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 21
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000007922 dissolution test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of geotextile material detection instruments, and discloses a novel geotextile clogging experiment instrument, which comprises: the device comprises a plugging cylinder main body, a water head control device, a pressure measuring device, a vacuum air extraction saturation system and a pressurizing flushing device; the silt barrel main body comprises: the novel geotextile clogging experimental instrument can perform vacuum air suction saturation, and can accurately judge whether geotextiles are clogged and the clogging degree; can wash the geotextile that has silted up and detect after washing, the effect is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geotextile material detection instruments, in particular to a geotextile clogging experiment instrument which is mainly used for testing the infiltration clogging characteristics and the clogging flushing effects of geotextiles.
Background
The geotextile is a novel geotextile made of polymer synthetic material, has good water permeability and smaller pores, and can meet the requirements of engineering on filtering materials. Therefore, the reverse filtering performance of the geosynthetic material is more and more widely applied in the fields of flood control and disaster reduction, sea and land reclamation, long-distance water diversion across the river basin, environmental protection, urban construction and the like. In order to ensure that water can be smoothly discharged through the geotextile and the protected soil particles can not run off, the geotextile reverse filtration design often needs to meet three criteria of soil conservation, water permeability and clogging prevention. However, the geotextile blocking phenomenon is common in engineering application, so that the geotextile blocking is greatly limited in reverse filtration, and the geotextile blocking is closely related to the property of the protected soil body.
Clogging is a big problem about whether the geotextile reverse filter layer can be used for a long time, whether the geotextile meets the clogging prevention criterion is judged, and gradient ratio experiments are needed. The soil-geotextile system and the permeability coefficient and the permeability ratio at the interface of the soil-geotextile system under a certain water flow condition are measured by a gradient ratio method, and the blocking possibility of the geotextile is judged by the abrupt change of the permeability coefficient and the permeability ratio. The existing experimental device has the following defects through experiments:
(1) The existing clogging experimental device is limited to saturation of a water-immersed saturated capillary tube for a soil body saturation method, and obviously, the method is not applicable to cohesive soil. The clay needs to be saturated by vacuum air extraction and soaking to reach higher saturated soil. Insufficient soil saturation directly affects the seepage and blockage effects.
(2) The existing clogging experiment instrument adopts gradient ratio judging standards, and has the defects. During the infiltration and clogging test, fine particles in the soil migrate, and if clogging occurs in the geotextile, the infiltration capacity of the geotextile is reduced. Conversely, however, a reduced permeability does not necessarily indicate that a soil blockage is occurring in the geotextile, as the soil layer itself may also be clogged. Namely, the failure of the soil and geotextile system has two aspects: on one hand, geotextile is blocked, and on the other hand, soil sample is blocked. The existing clogging experiment instrument can only measure the permeability coefficient of an integral system formed by geotextile and soil samples within the range of 25mm above the geotextile, but can not measure the permeability coefficient of the geotextile or the soil samples within the range of 25mm above the geotextile alone, so that the position where clogging is generated can not be well judged, and the clogging which is actually generated by a soil layer is misjudgment as the clogging generated by the geotextile.
(3) The existing experimental device can only perform a one-way experiment without clogging from the beginning, cannot perform a reverse experiment from clogging to non-clogging after the geotextile is washed, and cannot detect the washing effect.
This patent is in order to solve three technical defects that current geotechnique fabric silting experimental apparatus exists: (1) The vacuum air extraction saturation cannot be carried out, and the air existing in the soil sample-geotextile system is difficult to sufficiently exhaust, so that the experimental result is seriously affected; (2) Whether the geotextile is blocked or not and the degree of the blocking cannot be accurately judged; (3) The geotextile that has become plugged cannot be rinsed and inspected after rinsing.
The experimental device of the application is designed to solve the three problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a geotextile clogging experimental instrument which can solve the problems in the prior art.
The invention provides a geotextile clogging experimental instrument, which comprises: the device comprises a plugging cylinder main body, a water head control device, a pressure measuring device, a vacuum air extraction saturation system and a pressurizing flushing device;
The silt barrel main body comprises: the top cap, upper cylinder, well section of thick bamboo, lower section of thick bamboo and base are sealed in proper order and can dismantle the connection, upper cylinder, well section of thick bamboo and lower section of thick bamboo are inside to be linked together, can dismantle between upper cylinder and the well section of thick bamboo and be provided with filter paper or filter screen, can dismantle between well section of thick bamboo and the lower section of thick bamboo and be provided with geotechnique's fabric, be equipped with water inlet and gas vent on the top cap, head control device is located the top of water inlet, and the water inlet passes through silicone tube and head control device intercommunication, is equipped with the stagnant water on the silicone tube and presss from both sides, connects the silicone tube on the gas vent, is equipped with the gas-stop clamp on the silicone tube, is equipped with the outlet on the base, is equipped with the drain valve on the drain pipe, is equipped with the drain valve on the drain, goes up section of thick bamboo and is connected with vacuum pumping saturation system, all is equipped with a plurality of radial holes on the well section of thick bamboo and the lower section of thick bamboo of geotechnique's fabric both sides, a plurality of radial pressure measurement holes are connected with pressure flushing device through the rubber tube respectively.
Preferably, the upper cylinder, the middle cylinder and the lower cylinder all comprise: the center of the square plate is coincided with the axis of the cylindrical barrel; the upper port and the lower port of the cylindrical barrel are respectively fixedly connected with a square plate, a round hole which is consistent with the inner diameter of the cylindrical barrel in size is formed in the square plate by taking the center as the center of the circle, two annular grooves with different radiuses are formed in the square plate outside the round hole, the center of the round hole coincides with the axes of the two annular grooves, and O-shaped sealing rings are arranged in the two annular grooves; the filter paper or the filter screen is clamped between O-shaped sealing rings in inner side annular grooves on two square plates between an upper cylinder and a middle cylinder, the geotextile is clamped between O-shaped sealing rings in inner side annular grooves on two square plates between the middle cylinder and a lower cylinder, annular grooves with different radiuses corresponding to the square plates are also formed in a top cover and a base, a plurality of corresponding bolt holes are formed in the top cover, the base and two adjacent square plates in the circumferential direction, the bolt holes in the two adjacent square plates are formed between the two annular grooves, the top cover, the upper cylinder, the middle cylinder, the lower cylinder and the base are sequentially fixed through a plurality of bolts through the plurality of bolt holes, and the O-shaped sealing rings are sleeved between the bolt holes and the bolts for sealing.
Preferably, the water head control device comprises a hand winch, an overflow water supply cylinder and a water supply system, wherein the hand winch is connected with the overflow water supply cylinder by bypassing a fixed pulley through a steel wire rope with a hook at the lower end, the hand winch is of a closed self-locking type, the precision of each grid is 5mm, and the overflow water supply cylinder is provided with three holes at the bottom of the cylinder; three holes are respectively fixedly connected with three PVC pipes with different heights in the cylinder body, namely a high pipe, a middle pipe and a low pipe; the lower extreme of high pipe is connected the overflow pipe, and water supply system is connected to the lower extreme of well pipe, and the lower extreme of low pipe passes through the silica gel pipe and connects the water inlet, is equipped with the water stop valve on the silica gel pipe, be provided with the baffle between well pipe and the low pipe.
Preferably, the pressure measuring device comprises a pressure measuring plate and a plurality of rubber pipes, wherein a plurality of vertical pressure measuring pipes with the length of 1.5m are arranged on the pressure measuring plate, coordinate paper with the minimum scale of 1mm is attached to the pressure measuring plate, and the lower ends of the plurality of vertical pressure measuring pipes are respectively connected with the plurality of radial pressure measuring holes in a one-to-one correspondence manner through the rubber pipes.
Preferably, the vacuum pumping saturation system comprises: the vacuum meter valve is arranged on the top cover through a three-way joint and is communicated with the upper cylinder, the three-way joint is connected with the vacuum pump through a pipeline, and the deionized water supply tank is connected with the drain valve through a pipeline.
Preferably, the pressurized flushing device comprises: connect tee bend joint soon, annular trompil wash pipe, pressurized water tank, manual force (forcing) pump, the manometer, the air stop valve and connect the delivery pipe soon, annular trompil wash pipe 7 sets up down in the section of thick bamboo, be located geotechnique's fabric under, connect tee bend joint soon and install down on the section of thick bamboo, connect the both ends that tee bend joint is located down the inboard both ends of connecting annular trompil wash pipe, connect the tee bend joint soon and be located the one end of section of thick bamboo outside down and be connected with pressurized water tank through connect the delivery pipe soon, the air stop valve sets up on connect the delivery pipe soon, manual force (forcing) pump and manometer all set up on pressurized water tank.
Preferably, the inner wall of the upper cylinder is also provided with four first clamping grooves for fixedly placing porous pressure-bearing water permeable plates of water permeable stones or glass beads.
Preferably, a plurality of second clamping grooves for placing the porous pressure-bearing water permeable plates are formed in the inner wall of the lower cylinder; four through holes are radially formed in the lower cylinder, and a quick-connection through joint is fixedly arranged on each through hole and connected with the rubber tube.
Preferably, the quick-connection straight-through joint is made of 316L stainless steel.
Preferably, the number of the pressure measuring holes is 14, 7 is a group of pressure measuring holes which are distributed at different heights of the middle cylinder and the lower cylinder, and two pressure measuring holes are symmetrically distributed in the radial direction.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
The experimental cylinder is divided into three parts, namely an upper cylinder, a middle cylinder and a lower cylinder, wherein the three parts are communicated and are definite in work division, the upper cylinder is mainly used for vacuum air extraction and water supply, and the middle cylinder is filled with a viscous soil sample; the geotextile is arranged on the lower cylinder, and vacuum air suction and water inlet saturation are carried out through a water inlet, an air outlet, a water outlet and a vacuum air suction saturation system, so that the high saturation of a sample is realized, and the problem that a traditional instrument cannot fully saturate a soil sample is solved; the geotextile clogging condition is directly monitored through the plurality of pressure measuring holes and the pressure measuring devices on the two sides of the geotextile, so that the problem that the conventional instrument cannot accurately measure the geotextile clogging is solved; through annular trompil wash pipe and the pressurization washing unit that is located geotechnique's fabric below, realize that the pressurized water aims at geotechnique's fabric and carries out with former seepage flow direction opposite flushing, geotechnique's fabric rethread seepage flow experiment after the washing is the siltation experiment and can measure the gradient ratio again promptly, detectable washing effect has solved the washing and the effect detection problem that traditional instrument can not simulate geotechnique's fabric.
The invention is proved to be feasible by a plurality of groups of simulation experiments, can carry out vacuum air extraction saturation, and can accurately judge whether the geotextile is blocked and the degree of the blocking; can wash the geotextile that has silted up and detect after washing, and the effect is good.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a geotextile clogging experimental instrument provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a geotextile clogging test instrument according to the present invention, and a section view of section A-A in fig. 1 is a section view.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a geotextile clogging test instrument according to the present invention, and a cross-sectional view of section B-B in fig. 1.
Reference numerals illustrate:
The device comprises a 1-plugging cylinder main body, a 2-water head control device, a 3-pressure measuring device, a 4-vacuum pumping saturation system, a 5-pressurizing flushing device, a 6-top cover, a 7-upper cylinder, a 8-middle cylinder, a 9-lower cylinder, a 10-base, a 11-water inlet, a 12-air outlet, a 13-vacuum meter valve, a 14-pressure measuring hole, a 15-quick-connection three-way joint, a 16-overflow water supply cylinder, a 17-open-pore flushing pipe, a 18-drain valve, a 19-hand winch, a 20-first clamping groove, 21-permeable stone, 22-geotextile, a 23-square plate, a 24-annular groove, 25-bolt holes and 26-air stop valves.
Detailed Description
One embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited by the embodiment.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, the geotextile clogging test apparatus provided by the embodiment of the invention includes: a dredging cylinder main body 1, a water head control device 2, a pressure measuring device 3, a vacuum pumping saturation system 4 and a pressurizing flushing device 5;
The clogging cylinder main body 1 includes: the top cover 6, the upper cylinder 7, the middle cylinder 8, the lower cylinder 9 and the base 10 are sequentially connected in a sealing and detachable mode, the upper cylinder 7, the middle cylinder 8, the lower cylinder 9 and the base 10 are communicated, filter paper or a filter screen is detachably arranged between the upper cylinder 7 and the middle cylinder 8, geotechnical fabrics 22 are detachably arranged between the middle cylinder 8 and the lower cylinder 9, a water inlet 11 and an air outlet 12 are arranged on the top cover 6, the water head control device 2 is located above the water inlet 11, the water inlet 11 is communicated with the water head control device 2 through a silicone tube, a water stop clip is arranged on the silicone tube, a silicone tube is connected with the air outlet 12, a gas stop clip is arranged on the silicone tube, a drain outlet is arranged on the base 10, a drain valve 18 is arranged on the drain pipe, the upper cylinder 7 is connected with the vacuum pumping saturation system 4, a plurality of radial holes 14 are respectively arranged on the middle cylinder 8 and the lower cylinder 9 on two sides of the geotechnical fabrics 22, and a plurality of radial holes 14 are respectively connected with the pressurization flushing device 5 through the connecting device 3 and the lower cylinder 9.
Preferably, the upper cylinder 7, the middle cylinder 8 and the lower cylinder 9 each comprise: the device comprises a cylindrical barrel and two square plate pieces 23, wherein the center of each square plate piece 23 coincides with the axis of the cylindrical barrel; the upper port and the lower port of the cylindrical barrel are respectively fixedly connected with a square plate 23, a round hole with the same size as the inner diameter of the cylindrical barrel is formed in the square plate 23 by taking the center as the center of the circle, two annular grooves 24 with different radiuses are formed in the square plate 23 positioned outside the round hole, the center of the round hole coincides with the axes of the two annular grooves 24, and O-shaped sealing rings are arranged in the two annular grooves 24; the filter paper or the filter screen is clamped between O-shaped sealing rings in inner side annular grooves 24 on two square plates 23 between an upper cylinder 7 and a middle cylinder 8, the geotextile 22 is clamped between O-shaped sealing rings in inner side annular grooves 24 on two square plates 23 between the middle cylinder 8 and a lower cylinder 9, annular grooves 24 with different radiuses corresponding to the square plates 23 are also formed in the top cover 6 and the base 10, a plurality of corresponding bolt holes 25 are circumferentially formed in the top cover 6, the base 10 and the two adjacent square plates 23, the bolt holes 25 on the two adjacent square plates 23 are arranged between the two annular grooves 24, the top cover 6, the upper cylinder 7, the middle cylinder 8, the lower cylinder 9 and the base 10 are sequentially fixed through a plurality of bolts through the plurality of bolt holes 25, and O-shaped sealing rings are sleeved between the bolt holes 25 and the bolts to seal.
The upper cylinder 7, the middle cylinder 8 and the lower cylinder 9 are formed by combining and sealing and fixing a cylindrical cylinder body part and a square plate 23; the square plate 23 is provided with a round hole with the same inner diameter as the cylindrical barrel in the middle, and is connected with the upper edge and the lower edge of the barrel in a sealing way; the square plate is provided with an annular groove 24 along the 10mm and 25mm positions outside the round hole, so that an O-shaped sealing ring can be placed when the cylinders are contacted; 8 bolt holes 25 with the diameter of 6mm are uniformly formed between the two annular grooves 24 along the circumferential direction, so that the cylinders are mutually fixed.
The inner side o-ring between the upper cylinder 7 and the middle cylinder 8 is also used for clamping filter paper when the air suction is saturated, and is used for clamping a nylon filter screen in the seepage siltation process; the O-shaped sealing ring is in direct contact with the square plate 23 between the cylinders, the inner diameter is not smaller than 7mm, the line diameter is adjusted according to the thickness of the clamped geotextile 22, the sealing ring is ensured to be deformed enough when the bolts are screwed, and the O-shaped sealing ring is generally overlapped and combined by the line diameter of about 2-3 mm.
Preferably, the water head control device 2 comprises a hand winch 19, an overflow water supply cylinder 16 and a water supply system, wherein the hand winch 19 is connected with the overflow water supply cylinder 16 by bypassing a fixed pulley through a steel wire rope with a hook at the lower end, the hand winch 19 is of a closed self-locking type, the precision of each grid is 5mm, and the overflow water supply cylinder 16 is provided with three holes at the bottom; three holes are respectively fixedly connected with three PVC pipes with different heights in the cylinder body, namely a high pipe, a middle pipe and a low pipe; the overflow pipe is connected to the lower extreme of high pipe, and water supply system is connected to the lower extreme of well pipe, and the water inlet 11 is connected through the silicone tube to the lower extreme of low pipe, is equipped with the water stop valve on the silicone tube, be provided with the baffle between well pipe and the low pipe.
Airless water enters the overflow water supply cylinder 16 from the water supply system through the middle pipe, then enters the upper cylinder 7 through the low pipe, the silicone pipe and the water inlet 11, the high pipe enables the water level in the overflow water supply cylinder 16 to be always kept at the height of the upper port of the high pipe, and redundant water flows away through the overflow pipe, so that the normal water level state can be kept. A partition plate is arranged between the middle pipe and the lower pipe so as to reduce bubbles from entering the plugging system through the lower holes.
Preferably, the pressure measuring device 3 comprises a pressure measuring plate and a plurality of rubber tubes, wherein a plurality of vertical pressure measuring tubes with the length of 1.5m are arranged on the pressure measuring plate, coordinate paper with the minimum scale of 1mm is attached to the pressure measuring plate, and the lower ends of the plurality of vertical pressure measuring tubes are respectively connected with the plurality of radial pressure measuring holes 14 in a one-to-one correspondence manner through the rubber tubes.
Preferably, the vacuum pumping saturation system 4 comprises: the vacuum gauge valve 13, the vacuum pump and the deionized water supply tank, the vacuum gauge valve 13 is installed on the top cover 6 through a three-way joint, and is communicated with the upper cylinder 7, the three-way joint is connected with the vacuum pump through a pipeline, and the deionized water supply tank is connected with the drain valve 18 through a pipeline.
Preferably, the pressurized flushing device 5 comprises: quick connect three way connection 15, annular trompil flushing pipe 17, the pressurized water tank, manual force (forcing) pump, the manometer, air valve 26 and quick connect delivery pipe, annular trompil flushing pipe 17 sets up down in section of thick bamboo 9, lie in geotechnique's fabric 22 under, quick connect three way connection 15 installs down on section of thick bamboo 9, the both ends of annular trompil flushing pipe 17 are connected at the both ends that quick connect three way connection 15 lie in down a section of thick bamboo 9 inboard, the one end that quick connect three way connection 15 lies in down a section of thick bamboo 9 outside is connected with the pressurized water tank through quick connect delivery pipe, air valve 26 sets up on quick connect delivery pipe, manual force (forcing) pump and manometer all set up on the pressurized water tank.
Preferably, four first clamping grooves 20 for fixedly placing porous pressure-bearing water permeable plates of water permeable stones 21 or glass beads are also arranged on the inner wall of the upper cylinder 7.
A first clamping groove is formed 15mm away from the lower edge of the upper cylinder 7 so as to meet the requirement of fixing the permeable stone 21 in the system air extraction and saturation process; the first clamping grooves 20 are distributed at four positions on the inner wall of the cylinder body, and are staggered with the positions of the pressure measuring holes 14 in a transverse and longitudinal direction so as to prevent the water head at the pressure measuring holes 14 from being influenced.
Preferably, a plurality of second clamping grooves for placing the porous pressure-bearing water permeable plates are formed in the inner wall of the lower cylinder 9; four through holes are radially formed in the lower cylinder 9, and a quick-connection through joint is fixedly arranged on each of the four through holes and connected with the rubber tube.
The second clamping groove is formed in the position 50mm away from the lower edge of the lower cylinder 9 so as to meet the requirement of placing the porous pressure-bearing water permeable plate, the four through holes are all radial pressure measuring holes 14, and the quick-connection straight-through joint facilitates connection of the radial pressure measuring holes 14 and the rubber tube.
Preferably, the quick-connection straight-through joint is made of 316L stainless steel, and the quick-connection straight-through joint is made of 316L stainless steel, so that the acid and alkali corrosion resistance requirement of the straight-through joint is met.
Preferably, the number of the pressure measuring holes 14 is 14, 7 is a group of pressure measuring holes distributed at different heights of the middle cylinder 8 and the lower cylinder 9, and two pressure measuring holes are symmetrically distributed in the radial direction.
The top cover 6 is provided with 2 screw threads, and the base 10 is provided with 1 screw thread for installing the water stop valve, the vacuum gauge valve 13 and the drain valve 18.
The vacuum gauge valve 13 adopts a three-way vacuum valve gauge, and the three-way part is used for connecting the top cover 6, the vacuum gauge valve 13 and the vacuum pump; the vacuum gauge valve 13 is in an open state when the system is pumped and saturated by a vacuum pump, and is in a closed state in the seepage process.
A through hole is radially formed at a position 50mm away from the upper edge of the lower cylinder 9, and a fixed three-way quick connector is arranged; when the three-way quick connector is used for carrying out a flushing experiment, two ends of the three-way quick connector are connected with an annular high-pressure pipe with holes; the through quick connector is connected with a sealing plug in the penetration process, and is connected with a pressurized flushing device 5 in the flushing test.
The using method and the working process are as follows: as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the square plate 23 of the device, namely the flange plate, is disassembled, the middle cylinder 8 is taken out, a clay sample is prepared according to the requirement, and is compacted to the required density, and the middle cylinder 8 is filled; taking the upper cylinder 7, inverting, placing the water permeable stone and the filter paper, wherein the diameter of the filter paper is slightly larger than that of the annular groove 24 on the inner side; an O-shaped sealing ring is arranged in an annular groove 24 of the upper cylinder 7, the middle cylinder 8 filled with the sample-making clay is moved above the bottom of the upper cylinder 7, and the bolts between the two cylinders are screwed for fixation; a circular geotextile 22 and a pressure-bearing filter screen to be tested are fixed between the middle cylinder 8 and the lower cylinder 9, the fixing method is the same as that of the filter paper, and bolts are screwed; the device is horizontally placed, the lower cylinder 9 is arranged below, the fixed top cover 6 is installed, and bolts are screwed; closing a water stop valve on the water inlet 11, closing a drain valve 18 on the drain pipe, sealing a silica gel pipe connected with the pressure measuring hole 14 and the air outlet 12 by a water stop clamp, and sealing one end of a three-way joint connected with a flushing pipe orifice, which is positioned outside the cylinder, by a plug; connecting the three-way vacuum gauge valve 13 with a vacuum pump, simultaneously opening the valve of the vacuum gauge valve 13 and the vacuum pump, and starting to exhaust and saturate; when the reading of the vacuum gauge valve 13 reaches the set negative pressure and is maintained for 1h, the drain pipe can be inserted into the water tank filled with distilled water, the drain valve 18 is slightly started, and the water inlet speed is controlled, so that the reading of the vacuum gauge is basically kept stable; when the water level overflows the clay sample, the drain valve 18 can be closed to stop water inflow; after water inflow is completed, the vacuum pump and the vacuum meter valve 13 are closed, the water stop clamp on the exhaust pipe is loosened, the mixture is stood overnight, and the vacuum air extraction saturation process is completed by utilizing the atmosphere saturated soil sample.
The upper cylinder 7 is dismounted, the permeable stone 21 is withdrawn, the original filter paper is replaced by a nylon filter screen, the upper cylinder 7 is reloaded, the top cover 6 is dismounted, a layer of glass beads is paved on the nylon filter screen, the top cover 6 is reloaded, a water stop valve on the water inlet 11 is opened to inject water into the device, the water inlet speed is controlled so as to avoid impacting a soil sample, and the system saturation is completely completed when water overflows from the exhaust 12 of the top cover 6.
The overflow feed drum 16 and drain outlet heights are adjusted to control the system head size, and the test is not adjusted during the process if constant head conditions are required.
The drain valve 18 and the water stop clamps of the pressure measuring holes 14 are opened, the water stop clamps of the exhaust pipe are pressed, and the seepage and clogging process is started. In the process, the reading of each pressure measuring tube is recorded, the flow change of a water outlet is measured, and the drainage turbidity degree is observed. And after the clogging process is finished, measuring the drying weight of the geotextile.
Washing and dissolution test embodiment: repeating the steps, analyzing the readings of the pressure measuring pipe, connecting the quick-connection three-way joint 15 with the pressurizing flushing device to keep the water used in the pressurizing water tank sufficient, controlling the manual pressurizing pump to basically maintain the readings on the pressure gauge stable, and recording the time and the pressure for flushing the geotextile 22 in the flushing process when the permeability coefficient of the geotextile is reduced and stabilized within a certain range. After the flushing process is completed, the seepage process is re-entered, after the reading of the pressure measuring pipes is basically stable, the reading of each pressure measuring pipe is recorded, and compared with the numerical value before flushing, the change of the permeability coefficient of the geotextile 22 is analyzed. The dissolution test is designed aiming at the condition of geotextile chemical clogging, corresponding chemical reagents are needed to be added into a water tank, and other steps are the same.
According to the invention, the experimental cylinder is divided into three parts, namely an upper cylinder, a middle cylinder and a lower cylinder, wherein the three parts are communicated and are definite in division, the upper cylinder 7 is mainly used for vacuum air extraction and water supply, and a clamping groove is arranged in the upper cylinder for fixing permeable stones in the air extraction saturation process; the height of the middle cylinder 8 is set to be 50mm, namely the filling height of the soil sample to be protected, which is generally viscous soil; the geotextile 22 is arranged in the inner layer groove of the lower cylinder 9, and a miniature O-shaped sealing ring is sleeved at the joint when the connecting bolt is arranged between the cylinders, so that boundary bypass caused by directly placing the geotextile on the water permeable plate in the traditional clogging experiment can be avoided.
The top cover 6 at the upper part of the upper cylinder 7 is provided with a vacuum meter pipe orifice besides the water inlet 11 and the air outlet 12, and a vacuum meter valve 13 is opened in the vacuum pumping stage and connected with a vacuum pump, and the rest is closed. In order to meet the requirement of high tightness of vacuum saturation, an inner and outer double-layer annular groove 24 is formed in a square plate 23 at the joint between the cylinders and is used for placing an O-shaped sealing ring, and the measures enable the whole experimental cylinder to be vacuumized and saturated with water, so that the high saturation of a sample is realized, and the problem that a traditional instrument cannot fully saturate a soil sample is solved.
Except that the pressure measuring holes 14 are formed according to the traditional clogging experimental instrument, the radial pressure measuring holes 14 are formed in the range of 5mm close to the geotextile clamping area, and the radial pressure measuring holes 14 are formed in the upper and lower directions, so that the clogging condition of the geotextile can be directly monitored, and the problem that the conventional instrument cannot accurately measure the clogging of the geotextile is solved.
In order to simulate the flushing of the clogging matters, a pipe orifice with the diameter of 15mm is radially arranged on the side wall of the middle part of the lower cylinder, which is 50mm away from the clamping position of the geotextile, and a pneumatic quick-connection three-way joint 15 is arranged, wherein the two ends of the quick-connection three-way joint 15 are respectively connected with the annular perforated flushing pipe 17 in an end-to-end manner in the cylinder, and the other end of the quick-connection three-way joint 15 is positioned outside the cylinder and is connected with the pressurized flushing device 5 during flushing; the pressurized flushing device 5 comprises a water tank, a manual pressurizing pump and a pressure gauge. Pressurized water may be used to direct the geotextile against the original seepage. The experimental barrel can be horizontally placed, no fine particle blocking objects are stored on the washed geotextile, the gradient ratio can be measured again through a seepage experiment, namely the blocking experiment, and the washing effect can be detected. If the geotextile is provided with the chemical plugging material, the geotextile can be washed by adding a proper reagent into water, so that the chemical plugging material can be dissolved. The method solves the problem that the traditional instrument can not simulate the flushing and effect detection of geotextiles.
The invention discloses a novel experimental device for testing the clogging performance and the clogging flushing of a geotextile reverse filtration system, which is mainly used for testing the permeation clogging characteristics and the clogging flushing effects of geotextiles. The device comprises: the device comprises a plugging device main body, a water head control device, a pressure measuring device and a pressurized flushing device. According to the technical scheme, the traditional clogging experimental instrument is improved in multiple aspects, the improved device can be used for vacuumizing and water inlet saturation of the whole experimental cylinder, high saturation of a sample is achieved, and the problem that the traditional instrument cannot fully saturate soil samples is solved; radial pressure measuring holes 14 are formed in the range of 5mm close to the geotextile clamping area, and the radial pressure measuring holes are formed in the upper and lower parts of the geotextile clamping area and are used for directly monitoring the clogging condition of the geotextile, so that the problem that the conventional instrument cannot accurately measure the clogging of the geotextile is solved; the washing device for the geotechnical fabric is installed, the geotechnical fabric can be washed by using pressurized water, and the washing effect is detected through a seepage experiment class. If the geotextile is provided with the chemical plugging material, the geotextile can be washed by adding a proper reagent into water, so that the chemical plugging material can be dissolved. The method solves the problem that the traditional instrument can not simulate the flushing and effect detection of geotextiles.
The foregoing disclosure is merely illustrative of some embodiments of the invention, but the embodiments are not limited thereto, and any variations that may be contemplated by one skilled in the art should fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. Geotextile clogging experimental instrument, which is characterized by comprising: the device comprises a plugging cylinder main body (1), a water head control device (2), a pressure measuring device (3), a vacuum pumping saturation system (4) and a pressurizing flushing device (5);
The clogging cylinder main body (1) comprises: the top cover (6), the upper cylinder (7), the middle cylinder (8), the lower cylinder (9) and the base (10), the top cover (6), the upper cylinder (7), the middle cylinder (8), the lower cylinder (9) and the base (10) are sequentially and hermetically and detachably connected, the inner parts of the upper cylinder (7), the middle cylinder (8) and the lower cylinder (9) are communicated, filter paper or a filter screen is detachably arranged between the upper cylinder (7) and the middle cylinder (8), geotechnical fabrics (22) are detachably arranged between the middle cylinder (8) and the lower cylinder (9), a water inlet (11) and an air outlet (12) are arranged on the top cover (6), a water head control device (2) is arranged above the water inlet (11), the water inlet (11) is communicated with the water head control device (2) through a silicone tube, a water stop clip is arranged on the silicone tube, the air outlet (12) is connected with the silicone tube, a water outlet (18) is arranged on the base (10), the upper cylinder (7) is connected with a vacuum air suction saturation system (4), the middle cylinder (8) and the two sides of the geotechnical fabrics (22) are respectively provided with a plurality of radial pressure measuring devices (14) through a plurality of radial pressure measuring holes (14), the lower cylinder (9) is connected with the pressurized flushing device (5);
The upper cylinder (7), the middle cylinder (8) and the lower cylinder (9) comprise: the device comprises a cylindrical barrel and two square plates (23), wherein the center of each square plate (23) coincides with the axis of the cylindrical barrel; the upper port and the lower port of the cylindrical barrel are respectively and fixedly connected with a square plate (23), a round hole with the same size as the inner diameter of the cylindrical barrel is formed in the square plate (23) by taking the center as the center, two annular grooves (24) with different radiuses are formed in the square plate (23) positioned at the outer side of the round hole, the center of the round hole coincides with the axes of the two annular grooves (24), and O-shaped sealing rings are arranged in the two annular grooves (24); the filter paper or the filter screen is clamped between O-shaped sealing rings in inner side annular grooves (24) on two square plates (23) between an upper cylinder (7) and a middle cylinder (8), the geotextile (22) is clamped between O-shaped sealing rings in inner side annular grooves (24) on two square plates (23) between the middle cylinder (8) and a lower cylinder (9), two annular grooves (24) with different radius sizes corresponding to the square plates (23) are also arranged on a top cover (6) and a base (10), a plurality of corresponding bolt holes (25) are circumferentially formed in each of the top cover (6), the base (10) and the two adjacent square plates (23), the bolt holes (25) on the two adjacent square plates (23) are arranged between the two annular grooves (24), the top cover (6), the upper cylinder (7), the middle cylinder (8), the lower cylinder (9) and the base (10) are sequentially fixed through a plurality of bolts through the plurality of bolt holes (25), and O-shaped sealing rings are sleeved between the bolt holes (25) and the bolts;
The pressurized flushing device (5) comprises: connect tee bend joint (15), annular trompil wash pipe (17), pressurized water tank, manual force (forcing) pump, the manometer, air stop valve (26) and connect the delivery pipe soon, annular trompil wash pipe (17) set up down in section of thick bamboo (9), be located under geotechnique's fabric (22), connect tee bend joint (15) soon and install down on section of thick bamboo (9), connect the both ends of annular trompil wash pipe (17) soon at the inboard both ends of section of thick bamboo (9) down in tee bend joint (15), the one end that connects tee bend joint (15) to be located down the section of thick bamboo (9) outside is connected with pressurized water tank through quick delivery pipe, air stop valve (26) set up on quick delivery pipe, manual force (forcing) pump and manometer all set up on pressurized water tank.
2. The geotechnical fabric clogging experimental instrument according to claim 1, wherein the water head control device (2) comprises a hand winch (19), an overflow water supply cylinder (16) and a water supply system, the hand winch (19) is connected with the overflow water supply cylinder (16) by bypassing a fixed pulley through a steel wire rope with a hook at the lower end, the hand winch (19) is of a closed self-locking type, the accuracy of each grid is 5mm, and three holes are formed in the bottom of the overflow water supply cylinder (16); three holes are respectively fixedly connected with three PVC pipes with different heights in the cylinder body, namely a high pipe, a middle pipe and a low pipe; the lower extreme of high pipe is connected the overflow pipe, and water supply system is connected to the lower extreme of well pipe, and water inlet (11) are connected through the silicone tube to the lower extreme of low pipe, are equipped with the water stop valve on the silicone tube, be provided with the baffle between well pipe and the low pipe.
3. Geotechnical fabric clogging experiment instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure measuring device (3) comprises a pressure measuring plate and a plurality of rubber tubes, wherein the pressure measuring plate is provided with a plurality of vertical pressure measuring tubes with the length of 1.5m, and is pasted with coordinate paper with the minimum scale of 1mm, and the lower ends of the plurality of vertical pressure measuring tubes are respectively connected with a plurality of radial pressure measuring holes (14) in a one-to-one correspondence manner through the rubber tubes.
4. Geotextile clogging test instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that the vacuum pumping saturation system (4) comprises: the vacuum meter valve (13), the vacuum pump and the deionized water supply tank are arranged on the top cover (6) through a three-way joint, the vacuum meter valve (13) is communicated with the upper cylinder (7), the three-way joint is connected with the vacuum pump through a pipeline, and the deionized water supply tank is connected with the drain valve (18) through a pipeline.
5. Geotextile plugging tester according to claim 1, wherein the inner wall of the upper cylinder (7) is further provided with four first clamping grooves (20) for fixedly placing porous pressure-bearing water permeable plates of water permeable stones (21) or glass beads.
6. The geotextile clogging tester as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of second clamping grooves for placing porous pressure-bearing water permeable plates are provided on the inner wall of the lower cylinder (9); four through holes are radially formed in the lower cylinder (9), and a quick-connection through joint is fixedly arranged on each through hole and connected with the rubber tube.
7. The geotextile plugging tester of claim 6, wherein the quick connect straight through connector is 316L stainless steel.
8. Geotextile plugging tester according to claim 1, wherein the number of the pressure measuring holes (14) is 14, 7 is a group of two radial symmetrical distribution at different heights of the middle cylinder (8) and the lower cylinder (9).
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| CN109406363B (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2024-06-25 | 昆明理工大学 | Tailing material and geotextile clogging experimental device thereof |
| CN109406367A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-03-01 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | A kind of geotextiles silting and permeability simulation experimental device |
| CN110044796A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-07-23 | 河海大学 | Geotechnical fibre filter performance and multifunctional tester |
| CN110595985A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2019-12-20 | 中南大学 | Geotextile performance testing system and method for compacted grouting soil nails |
| CN112540038A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-03-23 | 滁州学院 | Test device and method for testing coupling permeability characteristics of geotextile and sandy soil |
| CN113218841A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-08-06 | 同济大学 | Device and method for testing reverse filtration characteristic of geotextile |
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| CN104132877A (en) * | 2014-07-16 | 2014-11-05 | 东华大学 | Apparatus for detecting filtering performance of geotextile, and method thereof |
| CN204758446U (en) * | 2015-06-10 | 2015-11-11 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Geosynthetic material becomes silted up and blocks up characteristic testing arrangement |
| CN206450565U (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2017-08-29 | 温州际高电子科技有限公司 | A kind of geosynthetics clogging test instrument |
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| CN104132877A (en) * | 2014-07-16 | 2014-11-05 | 东华大学 | Apparatus for detecting filtering performance of geotextile, and method thereof |
| CN204758446U (en) * | 2015-06-10 | 2015-11-11 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Geosynthetic material becomes silted up and blocks up characteristic testing arrangement |
| CN206450565U (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2017-08-29 | 温州际高电子科技有限公司 | A kind of geosynthetics clogging test instrument |
| CN207675607U (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-07-31 | 中国铁道科学研究院 | A kind of novel geotextile silting experiment instrument |
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