CN107657597B - Automatic geometric correction method for cross-platform moon-based earth observation image - Google Patents
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Abstract
The method systematically analyzes the influence factors of the lunar-terrestrial relationship and the geometrical distortion of lunar-based remote sensing data, emphasizes on the consideration of the geometrical distortion of large-scale hemispherical images caused by the curvature and elevation fluctuation of the earth, the problems of small quantity and uneven distribution of ground control points and the like, and realizes the geometrical correction of the lunar-based platform terrestrial observation data by utilizing the advantages of multi-platform terrestrial observation data cooperation and lunar-based projection polar coordinate expression.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of earth observation, in particular to an automatic geometric correction method for a cross-platform moon-based earth observation image, and particularly relates to an automatic geometric correction method for a cross-platform moon-based earth observation image based on projection polar coordinate expression of a moon bottom point.
Background
In order to realize the monitoring of the earth macro phenomenon of a star scale and long-time continuous sequence, a research team, such as Guo Huadong academy, provides a new idea of observing the earth by a lunar-based platform. The moon is the only natural satellite of the earth, has the characteristics of integrity and stability in the aspect of observing the earth, and provides a more ideal observation platform for researching the macroscopic scientific phenomenon of the earth. However, when the lunar base earth observation realizes instantaneous acquisition of a hemispherical image, due to the influence of factors such as 38.4 kilometres of ultra-long distance, special geometric observation conditions, movement of a lunar point, a star scale and the like, the difficulty of accurate geometric correction of earth observation data acquired by a lunar base platform is caused, and the problems are represented by the difference of geometric deformation of different areas of the hemispherical scale image caused by the curvature of the earth, the problem of image center shift caused by the lunar point, the problem of observation area change caused by movement of a morning and evening line, and the problems of rare quantity of control points, uneven distribution and the like caused by large-area oceans, cloud and the like.
The geometric correction is to establish a mapping relation between the remote sensing image coordinates and corresponding ground point coordinates, the traditional geometric correction method is suitable for geometric correction of local small area areas, the influence of earth curvature on geometric distortion is often ignored, and limitation exists in the geometric correction of the lunar-based earth observation remote sensing image, so that the development of the geometric correction method suitable for the lunar-based earth observation image is necessary and has important significance in view of the characteristics of the lunar-based platform.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses an automatic geometric correction method for a cross-platform moon-based earth observation image, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring a lunar base platform observation geometric parameter, namely determining a lunar base earth observation geometric parameter at the observation time by using a sun-moon-earth operation relation;
a projection polar coordinate expression step of the satellite-borne remote sensing image, namely expressing the satellite-borne remote sensing image which is subjected to geocoding into a projection polar coordinate form based on a moon point by utilizing the moon-based earth observation geometric parameters;
a moon-based platform image simulation step, namely converting the satellite-borne remote sensing image expressed by the polar coordinates into a moon-based platform simulation image by an interpolation method according to the geometric precision requirement of the moon-based platform on the ground observation image to form a moon-based platform simulation image base database; and
and registering the moon-based observation and simulated images, namely matching the observation images obtained by the moon-based platform with the moon-based platform simulated image base map at the corresponding observation time in the moon-based platform simulated image base map database to finish the geometric correction of the moon-based observation images.
In the cross-platform moon-based earth observation image automatic geometric correction method, the moon-based earth observation geometric parameters comprise moon-below point information and morning and evening line information.
In the method for automatically correcting the geometry of the cross-platform moon-based earth observation image, the step of acquiring the observation geometric parameters of the moon-based platform specifically comprises the following substeps:
a sub-step of acquiring information of the point of the moon, based on the observation time (T)0) And the sun and the moonGround relation, determining geographical coordinates (L) of the observation time point under the moon0，B0) (ii) a And
and a step of acquiring the morning and evening line information, which is to determine the morning and evening line information at the observation time according to the relation between the observation time and the sun, the moon and the earth, and acquire the effective observation range and the day and night range of the moon-based platform at the time.
In the automatic geometric correction method for the cross-platform moon-based earth observation image, the step of expressing the projection polar coordinates of the satellite-borne remote sensing image specifically comprises the following substeps:
a global elevation data acquisition sub-step, namely acquiring satellite-borne sensor data similar to a lunar-based platform sensor type, splicing to form a global geocoded image, and acquiring global elevation data;
a global elevation data acquisition substep of the observation area, which is based on the observation time (T) obtained in the observation geometrical parameter acquisition step of the lunar base platform0) Obtaining satellite-borne remote sensing images of observation areas and global elevation data of corresponding areas;
and a polar coordinate expression substep based on the lunar points, wherein the satellite-borne remote sensing image of the observation area is expressed in a projection polar coordinate form based on the lunar points.
In the method for automatically correcting the geometry of the cross-platform moon-based earth observation image, the sub-step of polar coordinate expression based on the moon point comprises the following sub-steps:
expressing the geographic information of the satellite-borne remote sensing image by a geodetic coordinate system (L, B, H);
converting the satellite-borne remote sensing image expressed by adopting a geodetic coordinate system (L, B, H) into a space rectangular coordinate system (X, Y, Z); and
converting the satellite-borne remote sensing image expressed by the space rectangular coordinate system (X, Y, Z) into an orthographic projection polar coordinate (rho, theta) based on a lunar point, and storing a (X, Y, Z-rho, theta) corresponding table of the image;
S:X·X0+Y·Y0+Z·Z0＝0………(2)
wherein (X)0,Y0,Z0) The coordinate values of the moon point are known, where (X, Y, Z) is the coordinate value of any point on the ellipsoid, and (X ', Y', Z ') is the coordinate of (X, Y, Z) on the projection plane S, and (X'n,Y′n,Z′n) In the coordinate value of north pole N on projection surface S, ρ is the polar axis of (X, Y, Z) on projection surface S, and θ is (X, Y, Z) and (X'n,Y′n,Z′n) The angle in the S plane of projection.
In the method for automatically correcting the geometry of the cross-platform moon-based earth observation image, the moon-based platform image simulation step specifically comprises the following substeps:
according to the geometric parameters of the lunar base platform observation image, interpolating the satellite-borne remote sensing image expressed by polar coordinates (rho, theta) to ensure that the rho distribution is uniform, the rho delta theta distribution is uniform and is consistent with the geometric scale of the lunar base platform observation image, and obtaining a lunar base platform simulation image after interpolation, wherein the geometric information of the lunar base platform simulation image is (rho, theta)s,θs)；
Simulating geometric information (rho) of the image according to the lunar base platforms,θs) And utilizing the (X, Y, Z-rho, theta) corresponding table to determine the geometric information (rho) of the lunar base platform simulation images,θs) Corresponding to (X)s,Ys,Zs) (ii) a And
simulating the lunar base platform image and corresponding (rho)s,θs-Xs,Ys,Zs) The table is stored in a moon-based platform simulation image base database.
In the method for automatically correcting the geometry of the cross-platform moon-based earth observation image, the registration step of the moon-based platform observation and simulation image specifically comprises the following substeps:
extracting corresponding moon base platform simulation image base map and corresponding moon base platform simulation image base map from the moon base platform simulation image base map database according to observation time and a moon periodic motion rule(ρs,θs-Xs,Ys,Zs) Table;
and selecting a registration method suitable for the type of the lunar base platform observation image, registering the lunar base platform observation image to the lunar base platform simulation image base map, and finishing the geometric correction of the lunar base platform observation image.
In the automatic geometric correction method for the cross-platform moon-based earth observation image, the registration method is a scale-invariant feature conversion method.
The cross-platform moon-based earth observation image automatic geometric correction method utilizes projection polar coordinate expression based on the moon points, solves the problem of geometric distortion caused by periodic movement of the moon points and curvature and elevation fluctuation of the earth, and retains the integrity and authenticity of information of the moon-based earth observation image. Meanwhile, the satellite-borne observation data is utilized, the problems that control points are difficult to obtain and are not uniformly distributed are solved, and automatic geometric correction of the lunar base image through non-manual intervention is realized.
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FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method for automatically correcting the geometry of a cross-platform lunar base earth observation image according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the lunar-based platform observation geometry acquisition steps.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a projection polar coordinate expression step of the satellite-borne remote sensing image based on the moon points.
Fig. 4 is a projection polar coordinate representation diagram based on the lunar point.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart of the lunar-based platform image simulation procedure.
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the month-based observation and simulated image registration step.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly and completely understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The described embodiments are only some embodiments of the invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows a flowchart of the method for automatically correcting the geometry of a cross-platform lunar base earth observation image according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the method for automatically correcting the geometry of the cross-platform lunar-based earth observation image comprises a lunar-based platform observation geometry parameter obtaining step S1, a satellite-borne remote sensing image projection polar coordinate expressing step S2, a lunar-based platform image simulation step S3 and a lunar-based observation and simulated image registration step S4. The following will specifically explain each step.
In the month base platform observation geometric parameter acquisition step S1, month base earth observation geometric parameters at the observation time are determined using the day-month-earth operational relationship, and include, for example, the month end point information and the morning and evening line information. Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the method includes the following sub-steps:
in sub-step S11, based on the observed time (T)0) Determining the information of the moon point at the observation time, namely the geographic coordinates (L) of the moon point0，B0)。
In sub-step S12, the morning and evening information of the time is determined according to the relationship between the observation time and the day, month and place, and the effective observation range and the day and night range of the month-based platform of the time are obtained.
In the projection polar coordinate expression step S2, the geocoded satellite-borne remote sensing image is expressed in the projection polar coordinate form based on the moon point by using the geometric parameters of the moon-based earth observation obtained in the step S1. More specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the following sub-steps are included:
in sub-step S21, satellite-borne sensor data of the same or similar type as lunar-based platform sensors are acquired, stitched to form global geocoded images, and global elevation (DEM) data is acquired.
In sub-step S22, according to the observation time (T) obtained in step S10) Obtaining satellite-borne remote sensing image of observation area and DEM of corresponding areaThe information and the geographic information are expressed by a geodetic coordinate system (L, B, H).
In sub-step S23, the satellite-borne remote sensing image of the observation region is expressed in polar coordinate form based on the lunar point. Specifically, the on-board image expressed by the geodetic coordinate system (L, B, H) in the substep S22 is converted into a spatial rectangular coordinate system (X, Y, Z). Then, the satellite-borne video expressed by the spatial rectangular coordinate system (X, Y, Z) is converted into the orthographic projection polar coordinates (ρ, θ) based on the lunar point (as shown in the following formula), and the (X, Y, Z- ρ, θ) correspondence table of the video is stored.
S:X·X0+Y·Y0+Z·Z0＝0………(2)
Wherein (X)0,Y0,Z0) The coordinate values of the moon point are known, where (X, Y, Z) is the coordinate value of any point on the ellipsoid, and (X ', Y', Z ') is the coordinate of (X, Y, Z) on the projection plane S, and (X'n,Y′n,Z′n) In the coordinate value of north pole N on projection surface S, ρ is the polar axis of (X, Y, Z) on projection surface S, and θ is (X, Y, Z) and (X'n,Y′n,Z′n) The angle in the S plane of projection. A projection polar coordinate representation based on the moon point is shown in fig. 4.
In the moon-based platform image simulation step S3, according to the geometric accuracy requirement of the moon-based platform ground observation image, the satellite-borne remote sensing image expressed by (ρ, θ) in step S2 is converted into a moon-based platform simulation image by an interpolation method, so as to form a moon-based platform simulation image base database. Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the method includes the following sub-steps:
in sub-step S31, the satellite-borne remote sensing image expressed by (ρ, θ) obtained in step S2 is interpolated according to geometric parameters of the lunar-based platform observation image so as to satisfy the conditions of uniform ρ distribution, uniform ρ · Δ θ distribution, and the sameThe geometric dimensions of the moon-based platform observation images are consistent, and a moon-based platform simulation image is obtained after interpolation, wherein the geometric information is (rho)s,θs)。
In sub-step S32, geometric information (p) of the image is simulated based on the lunar-based platforms,θs) (rho) is clarified using the (X, Y, Z-rho, theta) correspondence table obtained in step S2s,θs) Corresponding to (X)s,Ys,Zs)。
In sub-step S33, the lunar base platform simulation image and the corresponding (ρ)s,θs-Xs,Ys,Zs) The table stores and forms a lunar base platform simulation image base database. Since there is periodicity in the monthly motion, this stored information can be recycled periodically.
In the step S4 of registering the lunar base observation and simulated image, the observation image obtained by the lunar base platform is matched with the simulated image base map corresponding to the observation time, and the geometric correction of the lunar base observation image is completed. Further, as shown in fig. 6, the method specifically includes the following sub-steps:
in the sub-step S41, according to the observation time and the periodic motion law of the moon, the corresponding moon-based platform simulated image base map and (ρ) are extracted from the moon-based platform simulated image base map databases,θs-Xs,Ys,Zs) Table (7). If the information is not available in the moon-based platform simulation image base database, the information can be obtained through the steps S1, S2 and S3;
in sub-step S42, a registration method suitable for the image type, such as a Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT), is selected, and the lunar base platform observation image is registered to the lunar base platform simulation image base map, so as to complete the geometric correction of the lunar base platform observation image.
The cross-platform moon-based earth observation image automatic geometric correction method utilizes projection polar coordinate expression based on the moon points, solves the problem of geometric distortion caused by periodic movement of the moon points and curvature and elevation fluctuation of the earth, and retains the integrity and authenticity of information of the moon-based earth observation image. Meanwhile, the satellite-borne observation data is utilized, the problems that control points are difficult to obtain and are not uniformly distributed are solved, and automatic geometric correction of the lunar base image through non-manual intervention is realized.
The above description is only for the specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An automatic geometric correction method for cross-platform moon-based earth observation images,
the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring a lunar base platform observation geometric parameter, namely determining a lunar base earth observation geometric parameter at the observation time by using a sun-moon-earth operation relation;
a projection polar coordinate expression step of the satellite-borne remote sensing image, namely expressing the satellite-borne remote sensing image which is subjected to geocoding into a projection polar coordinate form based on a moon point by utilizing the moon-based earth observation geometric parameters;
a moon-based platform image simulation step, namely converting the satellite-borne remote sensing image expressed by polar coordinates into a moon-based platform simulation image by an interpolation method according to the geometric precision requirement of the moon-based platform on the ground observation image to form a moon-based platform simulation image base database; and
and registering the moon-based observation and simulated images, namely matching the observation images obtained by the moon-based platform with the moon-based platform simulated image base map at the corresponding observation time in the moon-based platform simulated image base map database to finish the geometric correction of the moon-based observation images.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the cross-platform moon-based earth observation image is automatically corrected in geometry,
the geometric parameters of the lunar base earth observation comprise information of a lunar point and information of a morning and evening line.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the cross-platform moon-based earth observation image is automatically corrected in geometry,
the step of obtaining the observation geometric parameters of the lunar base platform specifically comprises the following substeps:
a sub-step of acquiring information of the point of the moon, based on the observation time (T)0) Determining the geographical coordinates (L) of the moon point at the observation time0，B0) (ii) a And
and a step of acquiring the morning and evening line information, which is to determine the morning and evening line information at the observation time according to the relation between the observation time and the sun, the moon and the earth, and acquire the effective observation range and the day and night range of the moon-based platform at the time.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the cross-platform moon-based earth observation image is automatically corrected in geometry,
the step of expressing the projection polar coordinates of the satellite-borne remote sensing image specifically comprises the following substeps:
a global elevation data acquisition sub-step, namely acquiring satellite-borne sensor data similar to a lunar-based platform sensor type, splicing to form a global geocoded image, and acquiring global elevation data;
a global elevation data acquisition substep of the observation area, which is used for acquiring satellite-borne remote sensing images of the observation area and global elevation data of the corresponding area according to the effective observation range aiming at the observation time obtained in the moon-based platform observation geometric parameter acquisition step;
and a projection polar coordinate expression substep based on the lunar point, wherein the satellite-borne remote sensing image of the observation area is expressed in a projection polar coordinate form based on the lunar point.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the cross-platform moon-based earth observation image is automatically corrected in geometry,
the polar coordinate expressing sub-step based on the lunar point includes the sub-steps of:
expressing the geographic information of the satellite-borne remote sensing image by a geodetic coordinate system (L, B, H);
converting a satellite-borne remote sensing image expressed by a geodetic coordinate system (L, B, H) into a space rectangular coordinate system (X, Y, Z); and
converting a satellite-borne remote sensing image expressed by a rectangular spatial coordinate system (X, Y, Z) into an orthographic projection polar coordinate (rho, theta) based on a lunar point, and storing a (X, Y, Z-rho, theta) correspondence table of the image,
S:X·X0+Y·Y0+Z·Z0＝0……… (2)
wherein (X)0,Y0,Z0) The coordinate values of the moon point are known, where (X, Y, Z) is the coordinate value of any point on the ellipsoid, and (X ', Y', Z ') is the coordinate of (X, Y, Z) on the projection plane S, and (X'n,Y′n,Z′n) In the coordinate value of north pole N on projection surface S, ρ is the polar axis of (X, Y, Z) on projection surface S, and θ is (X, Y, Z) and (X'n,Y′n,Z′n) The angle in the S plane of projection.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the cross-platform moon-based earth observation image is automatically corrected in geometry,
the lunar base platform image simulation step specifically comprises the following substeps:
according to the geometric parameters of the lunar base platform observation image, interpolating the satellite-borne remote sensing image expressed by polar coordinates (rho, theta) to ensure that the rho distribution is uniform, the rho delta theta distribution is uniform and is consistent with the geometric scale of the lunar base platform observation image, and obtaining a lunar base platform simulation image after interpolation, wherein the geometric information of the lunar base platform simulation image is (rho, theta)s,θs)；
Simulating geometric information (rho) of the image according to the lunar base platforms,θs) And utilizing the (X, Y, Z-rho, theta) corresponding table to determine the geometric information (rho) of the lunar base platform simulation images,θs) Corresponding to (X)s,Ys,Zs) (ii) a And
regulating the moon to be flatThe table simulation image and (rho)s,θs-Xs,Ys,Zs) The corresponding table is stored in the moon-based platform simulation image base database.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the cross-platform moon-based earth observation image is automatically corrected in geometry,
the step of registering the lunar-based observation and simulated image specifically comprises the following substeps:
extracting corresponding moon base platform simulation image base map and (rho) from the moon base platform simulation image base map database according to the observation time and the moon periodic motion rules,θs-Xs,Ys,Zs) A correspondence table;
and selecting a registration method suitable for the type of the lunar base platform observation image, registering the lunar base platform observation image to the lunar base platform simulation image base map, and finishing the geometric correction of the lunar base platform observation image.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the cross-platform moon-based earth observation image is automatically corrected in geometry,
the registration method is a scale invariant feature transformation method.
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| WO2019062166A1 (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2019-04-04 | 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 | Method for automatic geometric correction of cross-platform moon-based earth observation imaging |
| CN107462220B (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2019-10-01 | 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 | Projection polar coordinates geometric expression method towards moon base earth observation image |
| CN108931259B (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2021-02-05 | 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 | Method for simulating lunar-base earth observation image |
| CN109141651B (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2020-05-12 | 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 | Thermal infrared sensor imaging simulation method for moon-based earth observation platform |
| CN113160071B (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2023-11-07 | 北京师范大学 | Satellite image automatic geometric correction method, system, medium and terminal equipment |
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