CN107657438A - A kind of block chain generation method, data verification method, node and system - Google Patents

A kind of block chain generation method, data verification method, node and system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107657438A
CN107657438A CN201710842472.5A CN201710842472A CN107657438A CN 107657438 A CN107657438 A CN 107657438A CN 201710842472 A CN201710842472 A CN 201710842472A CN 107657438 A CN107657438 A CN 107657438A
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Prior art keywords
data
block
written
node
finger print
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CN107657438B (en
Inventor
刘胜
殷舒
徐加明
陈正
余兴华
张骁
祝晓潭
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Union Mobile Pay Co Ltd
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Union Mobile Pay Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/04—Payment circuits
    • G06Q20/06—Private payment circuits, e.g. involving electronic currency used among participants of a common payment scheme
    • G06Q20/065—Private payment circuits, e.g. involving electronic currency used among participants of a common payment scheme using e-cash
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/38—Payment protocols; Details thereof
    • G06Q20/382—Payment protocols; Details thereof insuring higher security of transaction
    • G06Q20/3827—Use of message hashing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/32—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials
    • H04L9/3236—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials using cryptographic hash functions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/32—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials
    • H04L9/3247—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials involving digital signatures

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
  • Finance (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Strategic Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Storage Device Security (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of block chain generation method, data verification method, node and system, wherein block chain generation method includes：Obtain N number of data to be written；N number of serialized data according to corresponding to default serializing rule obtains N number of data difference to be written；New block is constructed, new block includes data acquisition system and block head；Data acquisition system includes N number of serialized data；Block head includes the block head cryptographic Hash of previous block in the local block chain of node；Previous block is the block being newly joined in the most long-chain of local block chain；By algorithm of knowing together, the common recognition block for meeting common recognition algorithmic rule is determined from new block caused by M node and the block that will know together adds local block chain.Data are written into using the serialized data of data to be written and are directly stored in block catenary system, improve the reliability that data deposit card.Block catenary system can directly provide the serialized data of data to be written using the reference as checking, improve credibility.

Description

A kind of block chain generation method, data verification method, node and system
Technical field
The present invention relates to data authentication technical field, more particularly to a kind of block chain generation method, data verification method, section Point and system.
Background technology
In the modern life, often need to prove the presence of certain item data (things), i.e. data deposit card (existence proof), such as The article write, the operational order of history, contract for signing etc., now just need to be recognized by Third Party Authentication mechanism Card, this authentication mode is to the credit rating of certification authority requires high and cumbersome, cost is higher, poor in timeliness.
In order to solve to carry out existing variety of problems when data deposit card above by Third Party Authentication mechanism, occur at present The scheme of card is much deposited by block chain data, is solved well using the non-stop layer structure and not modifiable characteristic of block chain Determine above mentioned problem.A kind of common method that card is deposited using block chain progress data is first to build special deal, will wait to deposit card Additional information parameter of the finger print information of data as special deal, the OP_Return parameters in being merchandised such as bit coin.Afterwards, Special deal is sent to block catenary system.
Reliability and credibility are two importances that card technology is deposited in evaluation.So-called reliability, will be referred in future Any time point, it can reliably get the data pre-saved.So-called credibility, refer in the following any time Point, the acquired data pre-saved are all not tampered data.For existing card is deposited using block chain progress data Method, the finger print informations of data is write block chain by it, and data is voluntarily preserved or are stored in third party.Verified When, checking request side need to provide the finger print information of data to be verified, therefore its substantially verify be data to be verified fingerprint Information whether there is in block chain, however, because hash algorithm may be cracked, and presence the problems such as Hash collision, One finger print information is possible to corresponding multiple data, therefore the existing method that data existence proof is carried out using block chain, It is credible slightly inadequate, meanwhile, no matter voluntarily preserving data or giving third party to preserve, also all can be faced with data can By property the problem of.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of block chain generation method, data verification method, apparatus and system, and card is deposited to improve data Reliability and credibility.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of block chain generation method, big applied to the block catenary system for including M node, M In equal to 3, for each node in the M node, including：
Obtain N number of data to be written；N is more than or equal to 1；
According to default serializing rule, serializing handles N number of data to be written respectively, obtains described N number of to be written N number of serialized data corresponding to data difference；
New block is constructed, the new block includes data acquisition system and block head；The data acquisition system includes N number of sequence Rowization data；The block head includes the block head cryptographic Hash of previous block in the local block chain of the node；Before described One block is the block being newly joined in the most long-chain of the local block chain；
By algorithm of knowing together, determine to meet being total to for the common recognition algorithmic rule from new block caused by the M node Know block and the common recognition block is added into the local block chain.
Optionally, the new block also includes the signature set containing N number of digital signature；
N number of digital signature corresponds with N number of serialized data.
Optionally, by algorithm of knowing together, determine to meet the common recognition algorithm rule from new block caused by the M node Common recognition block then is added after the local block chain, in addition to：
For each serialized data in the common recognition block, number to be written corresponding with the serialized data is obtained According to finger print information；
Index information corresponding to the finger print information of the data to be written and the data to be written is stored in local In index database；The index information is including the serialized data corresponding to the data to be written in the local block chain Block height and Position Number of the serialized data in the block.
Optionally, N number of fingerprint letter corresponding to N number of data difference to be written is also included in the block head of the new block The root cryptographic Hash of breath.
Optionally, the root cryptographic Hash of N number of finger print information is obtained by Merkel's merkle tree algorithms；
Methods described also includes：
Calculate N number of finger print information of N number of data to be written respectively according to N number of serialized data；
N number of finger print information is grouped；
According to Merkel's merkle tree algorithms, the cryptographic Hash being each grouped is calculated, obtains the lower floor of N number of finger print information Cryptographic Hash；
The step of continuing to be grouped to lower floor's cryptographic Hash, and returning to the cryptographic Hash for calculating and being each grouped is described in until obtain Root cryptographic Hash.
Optionally, the serializing mark corresponding to the default serializing rule is also included in the block head of the new block Know.
Optionally, for each node in the M node, before obtaining N number of data to be written, in addition to：
For any one data to be written, receiving node receives the data to be written, and the receiving node is the M Any node in node；
The data to be written are stored in the data set to be written of the receiving node by the receiving node, and to other M- 1 node sends data write request；The data write request includes the data to be written；The data write request For indicating that the data to be written are stored in respective data set to be written by any of other M-1 node node；
For any node in the M node, the number of data to be written in the data set to be written of the node Amount reaches predetermined number or when the time interval apart from last construction new block reaches preset time, from the to be written of the node Enter and N number of data to be written are obtained in data set.
Optionally, by algorithm of knowing together, determine to meet the common recognition algorithm rule from new block caused by the M node Common recognition block then is added after the local block chain, in addition to：
For any node in the M node, the common recognition district is removed from the data set to be written of the node N number of data to be written corresponding to the serializing form of the N number of data to be written included in block.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of data verification method, and applied to the block catenary system for including M node, M is more than Equal to 3, including：
Verify that node obtains the finger print information of data to be verified, the checking node is any node of the M node；
The checking node determines whether each block includes serialized data corresponding to the finger print information from block chain； Each block in the block chain includes data acquisition system and block head；The data acquisition system includes each written data difference Corresponding serialized data；The block head includes the block head cryptographic Hash of the previous block of block；
If serialized data corresponding to the finger print information being present in the block chain, confirm that the data to be verified are tested Card passes through.
Optionally, the block also includes the signature set containing N number of digital signature；N number of digital signature and the N Individual serialized data corresponds；
Methods described also includes：
When serialized data corresponding to the finger print information be present in the block chain, institute is obtained from the block chain State digital signature corresponding to serialized data；
Obtain the public key information of the data to be verified；
The digital signature is verified according to the public key information；
The digital signature authentication by when, confirm that really power passes through for the data to be verified.
Optionally, the checking node has local index storehouse；The local index storehouse includes each in the block chain The index information of the finger print information of written data in block；The index information includes the sequence corresponding to the written data Block height and finger print information Position Number in place block of the rowization data in the block chain；
The checking node determines whether each block includes serialized data corresponding to the finger print information from block chain, Including：
The local index storehouse is searched according to the finger print information of the data to be verified, obtains the finger of the data to be verified Index information corresponding to line information；
The serialized data of written data corresponding to the index information is determined from the block chain；
According to the serialized data of the written data, the finger print information of the written data is calculated；
When the finger print information of the data to be verified is consistent with the finger print information of the written data, the area is determined Serialized data corresponding to the finger print information in block chain be present.
Optionally, N number of fingerprint letter corresponding to N number of data difference to be written is also included in the block head of the new block The root cryptographic Hash of breath；
Serialized data corresponding to the finger print information be present in the block chain, then confirm the data verification to be verified By afterwards, in addition to：
Calculate the root cryptographic Hash of N number of finger print information in the data acquisition system corresponding to N number of serialized data；
When the root cryptographic Hash of N number of finger print information is consistent with the root cryptographic Hash in the block head, treated described in confirmation Checking data verification passes through.
Optionally, the serializing mark corresponding in the block head of the new block also comprising the default serializing rule Know；
The data verification to be verified is confirmed by afterwards, in addition to：
Identified according to the serializing, serialized data described in unserializing, obtain the data to be verified.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of block chain node, applied to any in the block catenary system comprising M node Node, M be more than or equal to 3, including：
Transmit-Receive Unit, for obtaining N number of data to be written；N is more than or equal to 1；
Processing unit, N number of data to be written are handled for being serialized respectively according to default serializing rule, are obtained N number of serialized data corresponding to N number of data difference to be written；
The processing unit, it is additionally operable to construct new block, the new block includes data acquisition system and block head；The data Set includes N number of serialized data；The block head includes the block head Hash of previous block in local block chain Value；The previous block is the block being newly joined in the most long-chain of the local block chain；
The processing unit, it is additionally operable to by algorithm of knowing together, determines to meet institute from new block caused by the M node State the common recognition block of common recognition algorithmic rule and the common recognition block is added into the local block chain.
Optionally, the new block also includes the signature set containing N number of digital signature；
N number of digital signature corresponds with N number of serialized data.
Optionally, the processing unit is additionally operable to：
For each serialized data in the common recognition block, number to be written corresponding with the serialized data is obtained According to finger print information；
Index information corresponding to the finger print information of the data to be written and the data to be written is stored in local In index database；The index information is including the serialized data corresponding to the data to be written in the local block chain Block height and Position Number of the serialized data in the block.
Optionally, N number of fingerprint letter corresponding to N number of data difference to be written is also included in the block head of the new block The root cryptographic Hash of breath.
Optionally, the root cryptographic Hash of N number of finger print information is obtained by Merkel's merkle tree algorithms；
The processing unit is additionally operable to：
Calculate N number of finger print information of N number of data to be written respectively according to N number of serialized data；
N number of finger print information is grouped；
According to Merkel's merkle tree algorithms, the cryptographic Hash being each grouped is calculated, obtains the lower floor of N number of finger print information Cryptographic Hash；
The step of continuing to be grouped to lower floor's cryptographic Hash, and returning to the cryptographic Hash for calculating and being each grouped is described in until obtain Root cryptographic Hash.
Optionally, the serializing mark corresponding to the default serializing rule is also included in the block head of the new block Know.
Optionally, the Transmit-Receive Unit is additionally operable to：Receive the data to be written；
The processing unit is additionally operable to：
The data to be written are stored in data set to be written, and send data write request；The data write request Include the data to be written；The data write request is used at least described other M-1 node by the number to be written According to the respective data set to be written of deposit；
The processing unit is additionally operable to：
The quantity of data to be written reaches predetermined number or once constructs new district apart from upper in the data set to be written When the time interval of block reaches preset time, N number of data to be written are obtained from the data set to be written.
Optionally, the processing unit is additionally operable to：
The serializing form of the N number of data to be written included in the common recognition block is removed from the data set to be written Corresponding N number of data to be written.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of block chain node, applied to any in the block catenary system comprising M node Node, M be more than or equal to 3, including：
Transmit-Receive Unit, for obtaining the finger print information of data to be verified；
Processing unit, number is serialized for determining whether each block is included corresponding to the finger print information from block chain According to；Each block in the block chain includes data acquisition system and block head；The data acquisition system includes each written data Serialized data corresponding to respectively；The block head includes the block head cryptographic Hash of the previous block of block；
The processing unit, if being additionally operable to serialized data corresponding to the finger print information be present in the block chain, Confirm that the data verification to be verified passes through.
Optionally, the block also includes the signature set containing N number of digital signature；N number of digital signature and the N Individual serialized data corresponds；
The processing unit is additionally operable to：
When serialized data corresponding to the finger print information be present in the block chain, institute is obtained from the block chain State digital signature corresponding to serialized data；
Obtain the public key information of the data to be verified；
The digital signature is verified according to the public key information；
The digital signature authentication by when, confirm that really power passes through for the data to be verified.
Optionally, in addition to memory cell；
The memory cell is used to store local index storehouse；The local index storehouse includes each block in the block chain The index information of the finger print information of middle written data；The index information includes the serializing corresponding to the written data Block height and finger print information Position Number in place block of the data in the block chain；
The processing unit is specifically used for：
The local index storehouse is searched according to the finger print information of the data to be verified, obtains the finger of the data to be verified Index information corresponding to line information；
The serialized data of written data corresponding to the index information is determined from the block chain；
According to the serialized data of the written data, the finger print information of the written data is calculated；
When the finger print information of the data to be verified is consistent with the finger print information of the written data, the area is determined Serialized data corresponding to the finger print information in block chain be present.
Optionally, N number of fingerprint letter corresponding to N number of data difference to be written is also included in the block head of the new block The root cryptographic Hash of breath；
The processing unit is additionally operable to：
Calculate the root cryptographic Hash of N number of finger print information in the data acquisition system corresponding to N number of serialized data；
When the root cryptographic Hash of N number of finger print information is consistent with the root cryptographic Hash in the block head, treated described in confirmation Checking data verification passes through.
Optionally, the serializing mark corresponding in the block head of the new block also comprising the default serializing rule Know；
The processing unit is additionally operable to：
Identified according to the serializing, serialized data described in unserializing, obtain the data to be verified.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of computer-readable recording medium, and the computer-readable recording medium storage has meter Calculation machine executable instruction, the computer executable instructions are used to make the computer perform the block chain described in any of the above-described Generation method.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of computing device, including：
Memory, instructed for storage program；
Processor, for calling the programmed instruction stored in the memory, performed according to the program of acquisition any of the above-described Block chain generation method described in.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of computer-readable recording medium, and the computer-readable recording medium storage has meter Calculation machine executable instruction, the data that the computer executable instructions are used to make the computer perform described in any of the above-described are tested Card method.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of computing device, including：
Memory, instructed for storage program；
Processor, for calling the programmed instruction stored in the memory, performed according to the program of acquisition any of the above-described Data verification method described in.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of block catenary system, and comprising M node, M is more than or equal to 3, includes any of the above-described Described block chain node.
In summary, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of block chain generation method, data verification method, node and system, Wherein block chain generation method includes：Obtain N number of data to be written；N is more than or equal to 1；According to default serializing rule respectively Serializing handles N number of data to be written, obtains N number of serialized data corresponding to N number of data difference to be written；Construct new block, New block includes data acquisition system and block head；Data acquisition system includes N number of serialized data；Block head includes the local of node The block head cryptographic Hash of previous block in block chain；Previous block is the block being newly joined in the most long-chain of local block chain； By algorithm of knowing together, the common recognition block that determines to meet common recognition algorithmic rule from new block caused by M node and by common recognition district Block adds local block chain.In embodiments of the present invention, data acquisition system includes the serialized data of data to be written, rather than existing There is the transaction data in technology, eliminate partial data unrelated with data to be written in transaction data to system memory space Take, improve the utilization rate of system memory space.Meanwhile to be written into data straight using the serialized datas of data to be written Connect deposit block catenary system so that data to be written carry without voluntarily being preserved by data write-in side again or being transferred to third party to preserve High data deposit the reliability of card.Further, in checking, block catenary system can directly provide the sequence of data to be written Rowization data are avoided the problems such as Hash collides and data are deposited with the credible influence of card using the reference as checking.Therefore, this hair Bright embodiment can improve the credibility and reliability that data deposit card.
Brief description of the drawings
Technical scheme in order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, make required in being described below to embodiment Accompanying drawing is briefly introduced, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, for this For the those of ordinary skill in field, without having to pay creative labor, it can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings His accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is a kind of feasible block catenary system configuration diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of block chain generation method schematic flow sheet provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is a kind of feasible block data structures schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the block chain structure signal that a kind of two blocks provided in an embodiment of the present invention correspond to same previous block Figure；
Fig. 5 is a kind of feasible merkle tree construction schematic diagrames provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is a kind of data verification method schematic flow sheet provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is a kind of feasible block data structures schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is a kind of block chain node structural representation provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is a kind of block chain node structural representation provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 10 is a kind of computing device structural representation provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 11 is a kind of computing device structural representation provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order that the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are clearer, the present invention is made below in conjunction with accompanying drawing into One step it is described in detail, it is clear that the described embodiment only a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole implementation Example.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, what those of ordinary skill in the art were obtained under the premise of creative work is not made All other embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of block catenary system, including M node, and M is more than or equal to 3.Wherein, M node leads to Peer-to-peer network (Peer to Peer, P2P) dynamic group net is crossed, the system for forming one " decentralization ".Fig. 1 is implemented for the present invention Example provide a kind of feasible block catenary system configuration diagram, as shown in figure 1, block catenary system include node 0, node 1, Node 2, node 3 and node 4, peer node each other between this five nodes, pass through P2P dynamic group nets and form a decentralization System.Straight line in Fig. 1 represents the data transmission relations between each node, and by taking node 2 as an example, its broadcast message can be by node 1 and node 3 receive.
, can be by M node of system when the block catenary system provided using the embodiment of the present invention writes data Any node receives data to be written as receiving node；Receiving node is written into the number to be written of data deposit receiving node Data write request is sent according to collection, and to other M-1 nodes；Data write request includes the data to be written；Data are write Enter request be used for indicate any of other M-1 nodes node be written into data finger print information be stored in it is respective to be written Data set, i.e., for any node in other M-1 nodes, after data write request is received, obtain therein to be written Data are simultaneously stored in respective data set to be written.
Using the block catenary system shown in Fig. 1 for example, node 2 receives data to be written as receiving node；Node 2 will Data to be written are stored in its local data set to be written, and send data write request to node 0, node 1 and node 3；Number Include data to be written according to write request；The data to be written deposit that node 0, node 1 and node 3 are write data into request Respective data set to be written, node 1 or node 3 continue to forward the data write request to node 4；The He of 4 receiving node of node 1 The data write request reached at first in node 3, and the data to be written deposit node 4 write data into request is to be written In data set, by said process, each peer node in system have received data to be written.
It should be understood that M node in the block catenary system that the embodiment of the present invention is provided is the equity in block catenary system Node, in specific implementation process, block catenary system also likely to be present some asymmetrical nodes, as the embodiment of the present invention is following The endorsement node that can be mentioned is an asymmetrical node, and this block catenary system for containing asymmetrical node is also applied for this The technical scheme that inventive embodiments are provided, it should also be contained in the embodiment of the present invention.For the ease of description, the embodiment of the present invention In the case where being not specifically noted, node as described below is all peer node, is repeated no more afterwards.
Based on above-mentioned block catenary system framework, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of block chain generation method, as shown in Figure 2. Fig. 2 is a kind of block chain generation method schematic flow sheet provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and it is directed to M node of block catenary system In any node, comprise the following steps：
S201：Obtain N number of data to be written；N is more than or equal to 1.
S202：According to default serializing rule, serializing handles N number of data to be written respectively, obtains N number of number to be written According to N number of serialized data corresponding to difference.
S203：New block is constructed, new block includes data acquisition system and block head；Data acquisition system includes N number of serializing number According to；Block head includes the block head cryptographic Hash of previous block in the local block chain of node；Previous block is local block chain Most long-chain in the block that is newly joined.
S204：By algorithm of knowing together, the common recognition district for meeting common recognition algorithmic rule is determined from new block caused by M node Common recognition block is simultaneously added local block chain by block.
In S201, data to be written can be the data for needing deposit card, and its concrete form is simultaneously not construed as limiting, type It is upper to include but is not limited to structural data, semi-structured data, collection class data (such as array or list, mapping table), complexity Nested data etc., the length of data to be written are also not construed as limiting.There is respective data set to be written for each peer node Situation, optionally, in the data set to be written of node the quantity of the finger print information of data to be written reach predetermined number or away from When time interval from last construction new block reaches preset time, S201 is performed.
In S202, N number of data to be written are serialized using same serializing rule, will be different types of to be written Enter data and be converted to unified serializing form, obtain N number of serialized data respectively.Serializing rule includes but is not limited to Java object serializing, JSON serializings, XML serialization, Hessian serializings etc., difference serializing rule is to different volumes Cheng Yuyan adaptability, serializing performance, unserializing performance, serializing result sizes etc. are all different, are embodied Cheng Zhong, it can be weighed according to application scenarios and selected.M node can use unified serializing mode to protect in block catenary system Demonstrate,prove the uniformity between each node.
In S203, each peer node in block catenary system constructs new block, and the data structure of new block is such as Shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is a kind of feasible block data structures schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and expression is number in block According to logical construction.As shown in figure 3, the new block of construction includes data acquisition system and block head, wherein, data acquisition system includes The N number of data to be stored obtained in S201：Data 1, data 2 ..., data N, block head includes the block head of previous block Cryptographic Hash, wherein, previous block is the block being newly joined in the most long-chain of the local block chain of the node, is included in new block The block head cryptographic Hash of previous block ensure that the chain structure of block chain.
In block catenary system, M node each possesses local block chain, and each block passes through Hash pointer in block chain (the block head cryptographic Hash of previous block) goes here and there together, forms chain structure.Theoretically, M node should in block catenary system With identical local block chain, but in actual block catenary system, due to receiving the time of new block broadcast between each node Not consistent, the calculation power of different nodes is also different so that may exist in local block chain multiple blocks correspond to it is same The situation of individual previous block, as shown in figure 4, corresponding to same previous block for a kind of two blocks provided in an embodiment of the present invention Block chain structure schematic diagram.Arrow in Fig. 4 represents Hash pointer, and arrow points to block 2 from block 1, and expression is block 2 Block head include the block head cryptographic Hash of block 1, it is other by that analogy.In the block chain shown in Fig. 4, block 4 and area All include the block head cryptographic Hash of block 3 in the block head of block 8, in joint structure new block, selected according to " most long chain rule " Previous block of the block being newly joined in most long-chain as new block is taken, that is, selects block 7 to be constructed as the node new The previous block of block, the block head of new block include the block head cryptographic Hash of block 7.
Optionally, timestamp is also included in new block, timestamp is the present system time for the node for generating the new block, It can be the function of the data to be written addition time depositing card.Optionally, N number of data to be written are also included in the block head of new block The root cryptographic Hash of N number of finger print information corresponding to respectively.Each data to be written are owned by the finger print information of oneself, generally pass through The cryptographic Hash obtained after hash function (hash) algorithm process data to be written, specific calculating process are first to be written into data sequence Rowization, the serialized data of data to be written is obtained, then Hash operation is carried out to serialized data, obtain the finger of data to be written Line information.Root cryptographic Hash can be used in data verification, verify whether the data acquisition system of block is tampered.
Optionally, the serializing mark corresponding to default serializing rule is also included in the block head of new block.Block The serialized data of in store data to be written in chain, block head while the serializing identification record corresponding to by serializing rule Get off, in data verification, the node of block catenary system can obtain number in block according to serialized data and serializing rule According to primitive form.When S202 is serialized to N number of data to be written using same serializing rule, rule bag is serialized Include but be not limited to Java object serializing, JSON serializings, XML serialization, Hessian serializing etc., therefore, these sequences Change rule and also correspond to different serializing marks respectively.
In S204, M node in block chain is all carrying out the structure of new block, because each node is to N number of to be written The selection and sequence for entering data all may be different, therefore the root cryptographic Hash obtained is also possible to difference, in order to ensure system Middle block chain it is consistent, need to by new block caused by algorithm from M node of knowing together determine a new block be used as common recognition The block and node by producing the common recognition block broadcasts the common recognition block to other M-1 nodes.The specific reality of common recognition algorithm Now mode has a variety of, such as proof of work (Proof of Work, PoW), the algorithm in another example practical Byzantine failure tolerance is known together (Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance, PBFT) etc., the embodiment of the present invention is not construed as limiting to this.Such as Fig. 3 In shown block data structures, block head also includes random number, and random number is used in common recognition algorithm to common recognition block really It is fixed, by algorithm of knowing together for exemplified by PoW, its in data acquisition system and block head is built of each node in M node Behind its part, multiple random numbers are begun attempt to, the change of random number will result directly in the change of the block head cryptographic Hash of new block, When the block head cryptographic Hash of either block takes the lead in meeting " difficulty value " (n bit is 0 before such as block head cryptographic Hash), the section The new block that point is built broadcasts other nodes into block catenary system using as common recognition block.Other nodes are receiving Know together after block broadcast, stop structure new block, and common recognition block is added into local block chain.Optionally, difficulty value can be Some fixed value or periodicity being pre-configured with adjust according to the dynamic of average used time for producing new block.Optionally, from After common recognition block is determined in new block caused by M node, for any node in M node, from the to be written of node N number of data to be written corresponding to N number of serialized data that common recognition block includes are removed in data set, to prevent from being write The serialized data for entering the data to be written of block chain is repeatedly written in block chain.
Optionally, it is true from new block caused by M node by algorithm of knowing together for any node in M node The fixed common recognition block for meeting common recognition algorithmic rule is added after local block chain, in addition to：For each sequence in common recognition block Rowization data, obtain the finger print information of data to be written corresponding with serialized data；Be written into the finger print informations of data with And index information corresponding to data to be written is stored in local index storehouse；Index information includes the sequence corresponding to data to be written Block height and serialized data Position Number within a block of the rowization data in local block chain.With the area described in Fig. 3 Exemplified by block structure, its block is highly height, then the index letter of second serialized data-data 1 in its data acquisition system Cease for height and 2, the finger print information of data 1 and " height, 2 " logical will be preserved to local index storehouse by one.Block catenary system In each node the index informations of the data in block is stored in local index storehouse, then user is carrying out data verification When, the finger print information of data to be verified need to be only provided, be user-friendly.Certainly, for any node in M node, By algorithm of knowing together, meet that the common recognition block of common recognition algorithmic rule is added after local block chain, itself can also be judged whether For common recognition block in any sequence data receiving node, if so, then exporting the index information of the finger print information to user. User can provide the finger print information and index information of data to be verified simultaneously when carrying out data verification, can accelerate data verification Efficiency.
In the block structure that the embodiment of the present invention is provided, block head also includes the root cryptographic Hash of N number of finger print information.N The root cryptographic Hash of individual finger print information is obtained by Merkel's merkle tree algorithms, specifically, after S201, in addition to： Calculate N number of finger print information of N number of data to be written respectively according to N number of serialized data；N number of finger print information is grouped；Root According to Merkel's merkle tree algorithms, the cryptographic Hash being each grouped is calculated, obtains lower floor's cryptographic Hash of N number of finger print information；To lower floor Cryptographic Hash continues to be grouped, and return calculate each be grouped cryptographic Hash the step of until obtain root cryptographic Hash.
Fig. 5 is refer to, is a kind of feasible merkle tree construction schematic diagrames provided in an embodiment of the present invention, shown in Fig. 5 Fingerprint packet includes a, b, c, d, e, f totally six in merkle numbers, is calculated obtain by the serialized data of 6 data to be written respectively , positioned at the (not shown) of layer 1 of merkle trees.When carrying out the calculating of root cryptographic Hash, six finger print informations are grouped two-by-two And the cryptographic Hash that is each grouped is calculated, cryptographic Hash h, i and g of layer 2 are obtained, continues to be grouped h, i and g and to repeat said process straight To obtaining cryptographic Hash in layer 4.In the merkle trees shown in Fig. 3, layer 1 also includes two cover cryptographic Hash x, because adopting It need to ensure that the Q powers that the quantity of finger print information in layer 1 is 2 could finally obtain one with this merkle tree algorithms being grouped two-by-two Individual root cryptographic Hash, Q are positive integer, and in the Q powers of finger print information lazy weight 2, Q times of 2 need to be supplemented to cover cryptographic Hash x Side, after supplementing two cover cryptographic Hash x in Fig. 5, layer 1 has just reached 23 powers (8) individual finger print information.Specific implementation During, cover cryptographic Hash x can be any knowable cryptographic Hash, for example, x can be the n-th fingerprint in N number of finger print information Information or first finger print information or all bytes are all 0 empty information etc., it should be appreciated that although cover Cryptographic Hash x implementation can have a variety of, but for each block in same block chain, cover cryptographic Hash x's is specific Implementation is preferably consistent.
Optionally, in order to improve the security of hash algorithm, the embodiment of the present invention is each grouped in merkle trees are calculated Cryptographic Hash when, first according to the first Hash rule calculate packet middle cryptographic Hash；Calculated further according to the second Hash rule middle Cryptographic Hash of the cryptographic Hash of cryptographic Hash as packet.By taking the merkle trees shown in Fig. 5 as an example, to finger print information a and finger print information b Middle cryptographic Hash h is obtained according to the first Hash rule0, middle cryptographic Hash h is calculated according to the second Hash rule0Cryptographic Hash, obtain The cryptographic Hash h of finger print information a and finger print information b packets.
Certainly, this cryptographic Hash operation method can also apply to the embodiment of the present invention it is other calculate cryptographic Hash the step of, Such as to finger print information, the calculating of block head cryptographic Hash, should also be contained in the embodiment of the present invention.To calculate hello fingerprint Exemplified by information, the first Hash rule is sha-256, exports middle cryptographic Hash 2cf24dba5fb0a30e26e83b2ac5b9e29e1b161e5c1fa7425e73043362 938b9824, the second Hash rule For ripemd-160, continue to carry out Hash operation to middle cryptographic Hash, obtain hello finger print information b6a9c8c230722b7c748331a8b450f05566dc7d0f。
The Hash value calculating method provided using the embodiment of the present invention, it on the one hand can improve the safety of hash algorithm Property, the Hash collision attack of single algorithm is taken precautions against, on the other hand, by selecting suitable second Hash rule to export length Shorter cryptographic Hash.
In embodiments of the present invention, data acquisition system includes the serialized data of data to be written, rather than in the prior art Transaction data, eliminate occupancy of the partial data unrelated with data to be written in transaction data to system memory space, carry The high utilization rate of system memory space.Meanwhile it is written into data using the serialized data of data to be written and is directly stored in Block catenary system so that data to be written improve number without voluntarily being preserved by data write-in side again or being transferred to third party to preserve According to the reliability for depositing card.Further, in checking, block catenary system can directly provide the serializing number of data to be written Reference as checking according to this, avoid the problems such as Hash collides and data are deposited with the credible influence of card.Therefore, the present invention is implemented Example can improve credibility and reliability that data deposit card.Moreover, prior art due to utilize be Transaction Information additional letter Parameter is ceased, therefore its data length that can be write is limited to additional information parameter, and the application does not construct special deal, because This need not limit the length of data to be written.In addition, write skill with the existing data dependent on digital cash block chain network Art, the embodiment of the present invention can also can realize bigger block catenary system business by adjusting some parameters of block catenary system The quantity for the data to be written that can be write in capacity, i.e. unit interval, for example the speed for producing new block is improved, improve new district The size of block, using hash algorithm of shorter byte etc..Meanwhile the embodiment of the present invention puies forward individual block chain generation method, Without payout figure moneytary operations expense, the cost for writing data to be written every time almost can be ignored.
The method provided by above-described embodiment, data write-in block chain can be written into, is realized to number to be written According to deposit card, and improve reliability and credibility that data deposit card.Based on identical technical concept, the embodiment of the present invention also provides A kind of data verification method, data verification can be carried out to the data that block chain is write in above-described embodiment.Fig. 6 is real for the present invention A kind of data verification method schematic flow sheet of example offer is applied, as shown in fig. 6, comprising the following steps：
S601：Verify that node obtains the finger print information of data to be verified, checking node is any node of M node；
S602：Checking node determines whether each block includes serialized data corresponding to finger print information from block chain；Area Each block in block chain includes data acquisition system and block head；Data acquisition system includes sequence corresponding to each written data difference Change data；Block head includes the block head cryptographic Hash of the previous block of block；
S603：If serialized data corresponding to finger print information in block chain be present, confirm that data verification to be verified passes through.
Wherein, written data is by the data to be written of above-described embodiment write-in block catenary system, block herein Catenary system is same block catenary system with the block catenary system in above-described embodiment.
In S601, any node in M node of block catenary system can serve as verifying that node provides the user Data verification service.The finger print information for the data to be verified that checking node obtains can directly be provided by user, can also basis The data to be verified that user provides, which calculate, to be obtained.A kind of fingerprint letter for being preferably achieved in that user and preserving data to be verified Breath, because the data volume of data to be verified is often larger, network transmission pressure can be saved by only providing finger print information, and User need not preserve data to be verified, and use is more convenient.
In S602, checking node can travel through the fingerprint corresponding to the serialized data that each block is included in block chain Information, i.e. Hash operation is carried out to each serialized data, obtains the fingerprint with the data to be verified of receiving again after cryptographic Hash Information compares.Certainly, this mode verification efficiency is very low.It is a kind of to be more efficiently achieved in that checking node passes through rope Fuse breath inquiry block chain ad-hoc location serialized data corresponding to finger print information whether with user provide number to be verified According to finger print information it is consistent, index information can directly be provided by user, can also be obtained by search index storehouse.Optionally, Checking node has local index storehouse；Fingerprint letter in each block of block chain described in local index storehouse corresponding to serialized data The index information of breath；Index information includes block height and serialized data of the serialized data in block chain in place block In Position Number.Index information in index database can be stored in after increase new block every time in index database, can also It is to be stored in after periodically being read in batches from one or more blocks in index database.In S602 and S603, checking node can be with First determine whether the index information that user provides.When user provides index information, directly pass through index information interrogation zone Block chain.When user does not provide index information, local index storehouse is searched according to the finger print information of data to be verified, obtained to be tested Demonstrate,prove index information corresponding to the finger print information of data；The serializing of written data corresponding to index information is determined from block chain Data；According to the serialized data of written data, the finger print information of written data is calculated；When the fingerprint of data to be verified is believed When breath is consistent with the finger print information of written data, determine serialized data corresponding to finger print information in block chain be present.
For example, obtaining the finger print information H1 of data to be verified, index information is determined from block chain, and (wherein block is high Spend for height) corresponding to serialized data objA, calculate obtain objA finger print information H2, when H1 is consistent with H2, it is determined that The finger print information of data to be verified in block chain be present, data verification to be verified passes through.Optionally, in the block head of new block also Include the root cryptographic Hash of finger print information corresponding to each written data difference；In order to further improve the credibility of checking, in area When the finger print information of data to be verified in block chain be present, in addition to：Calculate the N corresponding to N number of serialized data in data acquisition system The root cryptographic Hash of individual finger print information；When the root cryptographic Hash of N number of finger print information is consistent with the root cryptographic Hash in block head, confirm to treat Checking data verification passes through.For example, further block is highly the data set of height block in computation index information The root cryptographic Hash H3 of N number of finger print information corresponding to N number of serialized data in conjunction, when included by the block head of H3 and the block Root cryptographic Hash it is consistent when, confirm that the data in the block are not tampered with, H2 is strictly included in the data acquisition system of the block Finger print information.Optionally, in order to further improve the credibility of checking, calculation block is can also continue to highly for height's The block head cryptographic Hash H4 of block, and the block that block in block chain is highly height+1 is inquired about, highly it is in block When the cryptographic Hash of previous block is consistent with H4 in the block head of height+1 block, it is highly height area to confirm block Block is the block in block chain really, certainly, can also continue to verify the block that block is highly height+1 on this basis And its block afterwards, to improve the credibility of data verification.
The method provided by above-described embodiment, can realize the card of depositing to data, and reliability existing for improving and It is credible.The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of block chain generation method and data verification method, can deposit card realizing data While, increase and function is weighed really to data to be verified.
It is provided in an embodiment of the present invention that there is really the block chain generation method of power function and above-mentioned block chain generation method class Seemingly, difference is, for each node in the M node, including：
In S201 in addition to obtaining N number of data to be written, also to obtain N number of corresponding to N number of data difference to be written Digital signature；Wherein, digital signature is that data owner to be written is generated using private key and by receiving node with data to be written After receiving together, broadcasted by block catenary system to each node of block catenary system.Optionally, receiving node can also connect Receive user input digital signature and public key information corresponding with private key, and with public key verifications digital signature whether with number to be written According to finger print information it is consistent, if unanimously, being written into data by block catenary system and digital signature being broadcasted to block linkwork Each node of system, using this method verified in advance, it is ensured that there is correct between digital signature and finger print information Corresponding relation, it is possible to increase really power result credibility.
In S203, any node in M node of block catenary system is using the block data structures construction shown in Fig. 7 New block, Fig. 7 are a kind of feasible block data structures schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 7, in block also Including containing signature 1, signature 2 ..., signature N altogether N number of digital signature signature set；In N number of digital signature and data acquisition system N number of serialized data correspond, specifically, mutually corresponding to a pair of digital signature and serialized data be same treat Write the digital signature and serialized data of data.Serialized data and digital signature are separately deposited in block shown in Fig. 7, Some lightweight authentication nodes (such as mobile phone terminal application program (Application, APP)) can be supported, selectively from Block chain downloads related, without signature block content, and decides whether really to be weighed according to actual use demand.
After S603, in addition to：When serialized data corresponding to finger print information be present in block chain, from block chain Obtain digital signature corresponding to serialized data；Obtain the public key information of data to be verified；Numeral label are verified according to public key information Name；Digital signature authentication by when, confirm data to be verified really power pass through.With the finger print information H1 and index of data to be verified Exemplified by finger print information H2 corresponding to the serialized data of written data corresponding to information, when H1 is consistent with H2, confirm to be tested Card data verification passes through.Afterwards, continue to obtain digital signature A2 corresponding with the serialized data from block chain, treated with adjoint The public key information decryption digital signature A2 that the finger print information of checking data together receives, when digital signature A2 decrypted result is H1 When, confirm that really power passes through data to be verified.
During above-mentioned really power, really power process is performed by checking node.Certainly, checking node, which can also be exported directly, treats The signing messages corresponding to the serialized data of data is verified, so that data verification requesting party voluntarily verifies etc., these realizations Mode should be all contained in the embodiment of the present invention.
Optionally, the serializing mark corresponding in the block head of new block also comprising default serializing rule, checking Node is confirming data verification to be verified by afterwards, in addition to：Identified, unserializing serialized data, obtained according to serializing Take data to be verified.Block catenary system itself has high security, and the data preserved in block chain almost can not Modification.In specific implementation process, user can only retain the finger print information of data to be verified, without preserving the to be tested of complexity Data are demonstrate,proved, after being verified, checking node, can be to obtain number to be verified by the serialized data unserializing in block chain According to.Certainly, verify that serializing mark and serialized data can also be returned to checking request side by node, by checking request side certainly Row unserializing obtains data to be verified.
Based on identical technical concept, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of block chain node, and the node can be realized State the block chain generation method that any embodiment is provided.Fig. 8 is a kind of block chain node structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention Schematic diagram, as shown in figure 8, node 800 includes：Transmit-Receive Unit 801 and processing unit 802, wherein：
Transmit-Receive Unit 801, for obtaining N number of data to be written；N is more than or equal to 1；
Processing unit 802, N number of data to be written are handled for being serialized respectively according to default serializing rule, obtain N N number of serialized data corresponding to individual data difference to be written；
Processing unit 802, it is additionally operable to construct new block, new block includes data acquisition system and block head；Wrapped in data acquisition system Include N number of serialized data；Block head includes the block head cryptographic Hash of previous block in local block chain；Previous block is local The block being newly joined in the most long-chain of block chain；
Processing unit 802, it is additionally operable to by algorithm of knowing together, determines to meet that common recognition is calculated from new block caused by M node Common recognition block is simultaneously added local block chain by the common recognition block of method rule.
Optionally, new block also includes the signature set containing N number of digital signature；
N number of digital signature corresponds with N number of serialized data.
Optionally, processing unit 802 is additionally operable to：
For each serialized data in common recognition block, the fingerprint of acquisition data to be written corresponding with serialized data Information；
Be written into data finger print information and data to be written corresponding to index information be stored in local index storehouse； Index information includes block height and serialized data of the serialized data in local block chain corresponding to data to be written Position Number within a block.
Optionally, the root that N number of finger print information corresponding to N number of data difference to be written is also included in the block head of new block is breathed out Uncommon value.
Optionally, the root cryptographic Hash of N number of finger print information is obtained by Merkel's merkle tree algorithms；
Processing unit 802 is additionally operable to：
Calculate N number of finger print information of N number of data to be written respectively according to N number of serialized data；
N number of finger print information is grouped；
According to Merkel's merkle tree algorithms, the cryptographic Hash being each grouped is calculated, obtains lower floor's Hash of N number of finger print information Value；
The step of continuing to be grouped to lower floor's cryptographic Hash, and returning to the cryptographic Hash for calculating and being each grouped is until obtain root Hash Value.
Optionally, the serializing mark corresponding to default serializing rule is also included in the block head of new block.
Optionally, Transmit-Receive Unit 801 is additionally operable to：Receive data to be written；
Processing unit 802 is additionally operable to：
It is written into data and is stored in data set to be written, and sends data write request；Data write request includes treating Write data；Data write request is written into data at least other M-1 nodes and is stored in respective data set to be written；
Processing unit 802 is additionally operable to：
The quantity of data to be written reaches predetermined number or once constructs new block apart from upper in data set to be written When time interval reaches preset time, N number of data to be written are obtained from data set to be written.
Optionally, processing unit 802 is additionally operable to：
Corresponding to the serializing form that the N number of data to be written included in common recognition block are removed from data set to be written N number of data to be written.
Based on identical technical concept, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of block chain node, and the node can be realized State the data verification method that any embodiment is provided.Fig. 9 is that a kind of block chain node structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention shows It is intended to, as shown in figure 9, node 900 includes：Transmit-Receive Unit 901 and processing unit 902, wherein：
Transmit-Receive Unit 901, for obtaining the finger print information of data to be verified；
Processing unit 902, for determining whether each block includes serialized data corresponding to finger print information from block chain； Each block in block chain includes data acquisition system and block head；Data acquisition system includes sequence corresponding to each written data difference Rowization data；Block head includes the block head cryptographic Hash of the previous block of block；
Processing unit 902, if being additionally operable to have serialized data corresponding to finger print information in block chain, confirm to be verified Data verification passes through.
Optionally, block also includes the signature set containing N number of digital signature；N number of digital signature and N number of serialized data Correspond；
Processing unit 902 is additionally operable to：
When serialized data corresponding to finger print information be present in block chain, it is corresponding that serialized data is obtained from block chain Digital signature；
Obtain the public key information of data to be verified；
Digital signature is verified according to public key information；
Digital signature authentication by when, confirm data to be verified really power pass through.
Optionally, in addition to memory cell 903；
Memory cell 903 is used to store local index storehouse；Local index storehouse includes having been written into each block in block chain The index information of the finger print information of data；Index information is including the serialized data corresponding to written data in block chain Block height and Position Number of the finger print information in the block of place：
Processing unit 902 is specifically used for：
According to the finger print information of data to be verified lookup local index storehouse, corresponding to the finger print information for obtaining data to be verified Index information；
The serialized data of written data corresponding to index information is determined from block chain；
According to the serialized data of written data, the finger print information of written data is calculated；
When the finger print information of data to be verified and the consistent finger print information of written data, determine in block chain exist refer to Serialized data corresponding to line information.
Optionally, the root that N number of finger print information corresponding to N number of data difference to be written is also included in the block head of new block is breathed out Uncommon value；
Processing unit 902 is additionally operable to：
Calculate the root cryptographic Hash of N number of finger print information in data acquisition system corresponding to N number of serialized data；
When the root cryptographic Hash of N number of finger print information is consistent with the root cryptographic Hash in block head, data verification to be verified is confirmed Pass through.
Optionally, the serializing mark corresponding in the block head of new block also comprising default serializing rule；
Processing unit 902 is additionally operable to：
Identified according to serializing, unserializing serialized data, obtain data to be verified.
Based on identical technical concept, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of block catenary system, and the system includes above-mentioned The data verification device described in block chain generating means and any of the above-described described in one, can realize any of the above-described institute The data verification method described in block chain generation method and any of the above-described stated.
Optionally, the block catenary system that the embodiment of the present invention is provided also includes endorsement node, and the endorsement node is different from Peer node in block catenary system, it is used in block catenary system：Local block chain by setting rule from any node It is middle to determine endorsement block；Endorsement Transaction Information is constructed, the area of endorsement block is included in the additional information parameter for Transaction Information of endorsing Build cryptographic Hash；Endorsement Transaction Information is sent to endorsement block catenary system.
In specific implementation process, setting rule can be according to timestamp in each block block head in block chain, each one section Time interval chooses one as endorsement block, can also choose one every a number of block according to the quantity of block As endorsement block.
Optionally, preceding b block newest in block chain can not be used as endorsement block, and b can be according to the block linkwork of reality The decision of system situation, the more block catenary system of general node, b value are just bigger.Because for excessively complicated block Catenary system, in system the transmission of information can have certain delay problem, b block is possible to not be real before this just causes It is added into the block of block chain.By taking the block catenary system shown in Fig. 1 as an example, in S203, node 0 is to receive other nodes wide The new block for meeting difficulty value requirement is constructed before the new block broadcast, the new block that now node 0 gives tacit consent to construction itself is The common recognition block of block chain is simultaneously broadcasted to node 4, and the new block that the receiving node 0 of node 4 is broadcasted simultaneously is stored in local block chain As common recognition block.It is only however, actual conditions are probably node 2 and takes the lead in constructing the new district for meeting difficulty value requirement in system The node of block, the new block that node 2 is constructed are only the common recognition block of block chain, but because system is excessively complicated, in the structure of node 0 The new block broadcast of node 2 does not reach node 0 yet when producing the new block for meeting difficulty value requirement, in the receiving node 0 of node 4 The new block broadcast of node 2 just causes node 0 and the local block chain generation of node 4 wrong also to reach node 4 when new block is broadcasted By mistake.Preceding b block newest in block chain is excluded into the possibility as endorsement block, it is ensured that selected endorsement block is all It is stable, reliable block chain block.
Optionally, block catenary system of endorsing can be the large-scale numeral such as bit coin network or ether mill network Currency block catenary system, for this system because number of nodes is numerous, it is hardly possible realization that its block chain, which is modified, Thing.The block head of Partial Block in block chain is write into endorsement block catenary system, the credibility of data verification can be improved. Specifically, when the result for the block catenary system that user is provided the embodiment of the present invention has query, can be by looking into The block head cryptographic Hash of endorsement block being stored in endorsement block catenary system is ask to breathe out with the block head of the endorsement block in block chain Whether uncommon value is consistent, if inconsistent, illustrates that block chain makes a mistake, if unanimously, illustrating that the result is credible.It should be understood that even if Block chain makes a mistake, do not represent yet the block catenary system that the embodiment of the present invention is provided data verification completely lost it is credible Property, for confirming that the result existing for data to be verified remains believable, and be not present for confirming data to be verified Then feasibility is relatively low for the result.
By increasing endorsement node in block catenary system, can avoid because block chain chain height is insufficient, easily quilt The problem of attack, further increase the credibility of data verification.
Based on identical technical concept, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of computing device, and the computing device specifically can be with For desktop computer, portable computer, smart mobile phone, tablet personal computer, personal digital assistant (Personal Digital Assistant, PDA) etc..As shown in Figure 10, it is a kind of computing device structural representation provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the calculating Equipment can include central processing unit 1001 (Center Processing Unit, CPU), memory 1002, input equipment 1003rd, output equipment 1004 etc., input equipment 1003 can include keyboard, mouse, touch-screen etc., and output equipment 1004 can wrap Display device is included, such as liquid crystal display (Liquid Crystal Display, LCD), cathode-ray tube (Cathode Ray Tube, CRT) etc..
Memory 1002 can include read-only storage (ROM) and random access memory (RAM), and be provided to processor The programmed instruction and data stored in memory.In embodiments of the present invention, memory can be used for storing the embodiment of the present invention The program of the block chain generation method provided, processor is by calling the programmed instruction of memory storage, according to the journey of acquisition Sequence instruction performs the block chain generation method described in any of the above-described.
Based on identical technical concept, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of computer-readable recording medium, for storing For the computer program instructions used in above-mentioned computing device, it, which is included, is used to perform the block chain generation side described in any of the above-described The program of method.
The computer-readable storage medium can be any usable medium or data storage device that computer can access, bag Include but be not limited to magnetic storage (such as floppy disk, hard disk, tape, magneto-optic disk (MO) etc.), optical memory (such as CD, DVD, BD, HVD etc.) and semiconductor memory (such as it is ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, nonvolatile memory (NAND FLASH), solid State hard disk (SSD)) etc..
Based on identical technical concept, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of computing device, and the computing device specifically can be with For desktop computer, portable computer, smart mobile phone, tablet personal computer, personal digital assistant (Personal Digital Assistant, PDA) etc..As shown in figure 11, it is a kind of computing device structural representation provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the calculating Equipment can include central processing unit 1101 (Center Processing Unit, CPU), memory 1102, input equipment 1103rd, output equipment 1104 etc., input equipment 1103 can include keyboard, mouse, touch-screen etc., and output equipment 1104 can wrap Display device is included, such as liquid crystal display (Liquid Crystal Display, LCD), cathode-ray tube (Cathode Ray Tube, CRT) etc..
Memory 1102 can include read-only storage (ROM) and random access memory (RAM), and be provided to processor The programmed instruction and data stored in memory.In embodiments of the present invention, memory can be used for storing the embodiment of the present invention The program of the data verification method provided, processor is by calling the programmed instruction of memory storage, according to the program of acquisition Instruction performs the data verification method described in any of the above-described.
Based on identical technical concept, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of computer-readable recording medium, for storing For the computer program instructions used in above-mentioned computing device, it, which is included, is used to perform the data verification method described in any of the above-described Program.
The computer-readable storage medium can be any usable medium or data storage device that computer can access, bag Include but be not limited to magnetic storage (such as floppy disk, hard disk, tape, magneto-optic disk (MO) etc.), optical memory (such as CD, DVD, BD, HVD etc.) and semiconductor memory (such as it is ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, nonvolatile memory (NAND FLASH), solid State hard disk (SSD)) etc..
Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, but those skilled in the art once know basic creation Property concept, then can make other change and modification to these embodiments.So appended claims be intended to be construed to include it is excellent Select embodiment and fall into having altered and changing for the scope of the invention.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out the essence of various changes and modification without departing from the present invention to the present invention God and scope.So, if these modifications and variations of the present invention belong to the scope of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technologies Within, then the present invention is also intended to comprising including these changes and modification.

Claims (31)

1. a kind of block chain generation method, applied to the block catenary system for including M node, M is more than or equal to 3, it is characterised in that For each node in the M node, including：
Obtain N number of data to be written；N is more than or equal to 1；
According to default serializing rule, serializing handles N number of data to be written respectively, obtains N number of data to be written N number of serialized data corresponding to respectively；
New block is constructed, the new block includes data acquisition system and block head；The data acquisition system includes N number of serializing Data；The block head includes the block head cryptographic Hash of previous block in the local block chain of the node；The previous area Block is the block being newly joined in the most long-chain of the local block chain；
By algorithm of knowing together, the common recognition district for meeting the common recognition algorithmic rule is determined from new block caused by the M node The common recognition block is simultaneously added the local block chain by block.
2. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the new block also includes the signature containing N number of digital signature Set；
N number of digital signature corresponds with N number of serialized data.
3. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that by algorithm of knowing together, from new block caused by the M node Middle determination meets that the common recognition block of the common recognition algorithmic rule is added after the local block chain, in addition to：
For each serialized data in the common recognition block, data to be written corresponding with the serialized data are obtained Finger print information；
Index information corresponding to the finger print information of the data to be written and the data to be written is stored in local index In storehouse；The index information includes block of the serialized data in the local block chain corresponding to the data to be written Height and Position Number of the serialized data in the block.
4. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that also include in the block head of the new block described N number of to be written Enter the root cryptographic Hash of N number of finger print information corresponding to data difference.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the root cryptographic Hash of N number of finger print information is to pass through Merkel What merkle tree algorithms obtained；
Methods described also includes：
Calculate N number of finger print information of N number of data to be written respectively according to N number of serialized data；
N number of finger print information is grouped；
According to Merkel's merkle tree algorithms, the cryptographic Hash being each grouped is calculated, obtains lower floor's Hash of N number of finger print information Value；
The step of continuing to be grouped to lower floor's cryptographic Hash, and returning to the cryptographic Hash for calculating and being each grouped is until obtain described Kazakhstan Uncommon value.
6. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that also include the default sequence in the block head of the new block Serializing mark corresponding to rowization rule.
7. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that for each node in the M node, obtain N number of Before data to be written, in addition to：
For any one data to be written, receiving node receives the data to be written, and the receiving node is the M node In any node；
The data to be written are stored in the data set to be written of the receiving node by the receiving node, and to other M-1 Node sends data write request；The data write request includes the data to be written；The data write request is used The data to be written are stored in respective data set to be written in any of instruction other M-1 nodes node；
For any node in the M node, the quantity of data to be written reaches in the data set to be written of the node To predetermined number or apart from the time interval of last construction new block reach preset time when, from the number to be written of the node N number of data to be written are obtained according to concentrating.
8. method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that by algorithm of knowing together, from new block caused by the M node Middle determination meets that the common recognition block of the common recognition algorithmic rule is added after the local block chain, in addition to：
For any node in the M node, removed from the data set to be written of the node in the common recognition block Comprising N number of data to be written serializing form corresponding to N number of data to be written.
9. a kind of data verification method, applied to the block catenary system for including M node, M is more than or equal to 3, it is characterised in that bag Include：
Verify that node obtains the finger print information of data to be verified, the checking node is any node of the M node；
The checking node determines whether each block includes serialized data corresponding to the finger print information from block chain；It is described Each block in block chain includes data acquisition system and block head；The data acquisition system includes each written data and corresponded to respectively Serialized data；The block head includes the block head cryptographic Hash of the previous block of block；
If serialized data corresponding to the finger print information being present in the block chain, confirm that the data verification to be verified is led to Cross.
10. method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that the block also includes the signature collection containing N number of digital signature Close；N number of digital signature corresponds with N number of serialized data；
Methods described also includes：
When serialized data corresponding to the finger print information be present in the block chain, the sequence is obtained from the block chain Digital signature corresponding to rowization data；
Obtain the public key information of the data to be verified；
The digital signature is verified according to the public key information；
The digital signature authentication by when, confirm that really power passes through for the data to be verified.
11. method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that the checking node has local index storehouse；The local rope Draw the index information that storehouse includes the finger print information of written data in each block in the block chain；The index information includes Block height and the finger print information of the serialized data in the block chain corresponding to the written data is at place Position Number in block；
The checking node determines whether each block includes serialized data corresponding to the finger print information from block chain, wraps Include：
The local index storehouse is searched according to the finger print information of the data to be verified, obtains the fingerprint letter of the data to be verified Index information corresponding to breath；
The serialized data of written data corresponding to the index information is determined from the block chain；
According to the serialized data of the written data, the finger print information of the written data is calculated；
When the finger print information of the data to be verified is consistent with the finger print information of the written data, the block chain is determined In serialized data corresponding to the finger print information be present.
12. method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that also include in the block head of the new block described N number of to be written Enter the root cryptographic Hash of N number of finger print information corresponding to data difference；
Serialized data corresponding to the finger print information be present in the block chain, then confirm that the data verification to be verified passes through Afterwards, in addition to：
Calculate the root cryptographic Hash of N number of finger print information in the data acquisition system corresponding to N number of serialized data；
When the root cryptographic Hash of N number of finger print information is consistent with the root cryptographic Hash in the block head, confirm described to be verified Data verification passes through.
13. method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that also comprising described default in the block head of the new block Serialize the serializing mark corresponding to rule；
The data verification to be verified is confirmed by afterwards, in addition to：
Identified according to the serializing, serialized data described in unserializing, obtain the data to be verified.
14. a kind of block chain node, applied to the block catenary system for including M node, M is more than or equal to 3, it is characterised in that bag Include：
Transmit-Receive Unit, for obtaining N number of data to be written；N is more than or equal to 1；
Processing unit, N number of data to be written are handled for being serialized respectively according to default serializing rule, are obtained described N number of serialized data corresponding to N number of data difference to be written；
The processing unit, it is additionally operable to construct new block, the new block includes data acquisition system and block head；The data acquisition system Include N number of serialized data；The block head includes the block head cryptographic Hash of previous block in local block chain；Institute State the block being newly joined in the most long-chain that previous block is the local block chain；
The processing unit, be additionally operable to by algorithm of knowing together, from new block caused by the M node determine meet it is described common Know the common recognition block of algorithmic rule and the common recognition block is added into the local block chain.
15. node as claimed in claim 14, it is characterised in that the new block also includes the label containing N number of digital signature Name set；
N number of digital signature corresponds with N number of serialized data.
16. node as claimed in claim 14, it is characterised in that the processing unit is additionally operable to：
For each serialized data in the common recognition block, data to be written corresponding with the serialized data are obtained Finger print information；
Index information corresponding to the finger print information of the data to be written and the data to be written is stored in local index In storehouse；The index information includes block of the serialized data in the local block chain corresponding to the data to be written Height and Position Number of the serialized data in the block.
17. node as claimed in claim 14, it is characterised in that also include described N number of treat in the block head of the new block Write the root cryptographic Hash of N number of finger print information corresponding to data difference.
18. node as claimed in claim 17, it is characterised in that the root cryptographic Hash of N number of finger print information is to pass through Merck What your merkle tree algorithms obtained；
The processing unit is additionally operable to：
Calculate N number of finger print information of N number of data to be written respectively according to N number of serialized data；
N number of finger print information is grouped；
According to Merkel's merkle tree algorithms, the cryptographic Hash being each grouped is calculated, obtains lower floor's Hash of N number of finger print information Value；
The step of continuing to be grouped to lower floor's cryptographic Hash, and returning to the cryptographic Hash for calculating and being each grouped is until obtain described Kazakhstan Uncommon value.
19. node as claimed in claim 14, it is characterised in that also include in the block head of the new block described default Serialize the serializing mark corresponding to rule.
20. node as claimed in claim 14, it is characterised in that
The Transmit-Receive Unit is additionally operable to：Receive the data to be written；
The processing unit is additionally operable to：
The data to be written are stored in data set to be written, and send data write request；Wrapped in the data write request Include the data to be written；The data write request deposits the data to be written at least described other M-1 node Enter respective data set to be written；
The processing unit is additionally operable to：
The quantity of data to be written reaches predetermined number or once constructs new block apart from upper in the data set to be written When time interval reaches preset time, N number of data to be written are obtained from the data set to be written.
21. node as claimed in claim 20, it is characterised in that the processing unit is additionally operable to：
The serializing form institute that the N number of data to be written included in the common recognition block are removed from the data set to be written is right The N number of data to be written answered.
22. a kind of block chain node, applied to the block catenary system for including M node, M is more than or equal to 3, it is characterised in that bag Include：
Transmit-Receive Unit, for obtaining the finger print information of data to be verified；
Processing unit, for determining whether each block includes serialized data corresponding to the finger print information from block chain；Institute The each block stated in block chain includes data acquisition system and block head；It is right respectively that the data acquisition system includes each written data The serialized data answered；The block head includes the block head cryptographic Hash of the previous block of block；
The processing unit, if serialized data corresponding to being additionally operable to the finger print information to be present in the block chain, confirms The data verification to be verified passes through.
23. node as claimed in claim 22, it is characterised in that the block also includes the signature containing N number of digital signature Set；N number of digital signature corresponds with N number of serialized data；
The processing unit is additionally operable to：
When serialized data corresponding to the finger print information be present in the block chain, the sequence is obtained from the block chain Digital signature corresponding to rowization data；
Obtain the public key information of the data to be verified；
The digital signature is verified according to the public key information；
The digital signature authentication by when, confirm that really power passes through for the data to be verified.
24. node as claimed in claim 22, it is characterised in that also including memory cell；
The memory cell is used to store local index storehouse；The local index storehouse is included in the block chain in each block Write the index information of the finger print information of data；The index information includes the serialized data corresponding to the written data Block height and Position Number of the finger print information in the block of place in the block chain；
The processing unit is specifically used for：
The local index storehouse is searched according to the finger print information of the data to be verified, obtains the fingerprint letter of the data to be verified Index information corresponding to breath；
The serialized data of written data corresponding to the index information is determined from the block chain；
According to the serialized data of the written data, the finger print information of the written data is calculated；
When the finger print information of the data to be verified is consistent with the finger print information of the written data, the block chain is determined In serialized data corresponding to the finger print information be present.
25. node as claimed in claim 22, it is characterised in that also include described N number of treat in the block head of the new block Write the root cryptographic Hash of N number of finger print information corresponding to data difference；
The processing unit is additionally operable to：
Calculate the root cryptographic Hash of N number of finger print information in the data acquisition system corresponding to N number of serialized data；
When the root cryptographic Hash of N number of finger print information is consistent with the root cryptographic Hash in the block head, confirm described to be verified Data verification passes through.
26. node as claimed in claim 22, it is characterised in that also comprising described default in the block head of the new block Serialize the serializing mark corresponding to rule；
The processing unit is additionally operable to：
Identified according to the serializing, serialized data described in unserializing, obtain the data to be verified.
27. a kind of computer-readable recording medium, it is characterised in that the computer-readable recording medium storage has computer can Execute instruction, the computer executable instructions are used to make the computer perform claim require the block described in 1 to 8 any one Chain generation method.
A kind of 28. computing device, it is characterised in that including：
Memory, instructed for storage program；
Processor, for calling the programmed instruction stored in the memory, according to acquisition program perform as claim 1 to Block chain generation method described in 8 any one.
29. a kind of computer-readable recording medium, it is characterised in that the computer-readable recording medium storage has computer can Execute instruction, the computer executable instructions are used to make the computer perform claim require the number described in 9 to 13 any one According to verification method.
A kind of 30. computing device, it is characterised in that including：
Memory, instructed for storage program；
Processor, for calling the programmed instruction stored in the memory, according to acquisition program perform as claim 9 to Data verification method described in 13 any one.
31. a kind of block catenary system, comprising M node, M is more than or equal to 3, it is characterised in that includes such as claim 14 to 21 Block chain node described in any one and the block chain node as described in any one of claim 22 to 26.
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