CN107617932A - Magnetic grinding machine for double-sided disc type small curvature surface component - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a magnetic grinding machine for a small-curvature component such as a double-sided disc, which comprises a workpiece rotating mechanism, a workpiece clamping mechanism, a reciprocating linear motion mechanism for grinding a magnetic head, and a magnetic abrasive collection device. Driven by a dual-axis output motor, the whole machine realizes the rotation of the workpiece through gear transmission and the belt drive drives the double eccentric crankshaft slider to complete the reciprocating linear motion of the magnetic grinding head. The transmission ratio of the two is 1:1 to realize the rotation of the workpiece. One circle and the magnetic grinding head reciprocates linearly once. Under the action of the magnetic brush, the two motions cooperate to make the processing track on the workpiece evenly cover the entire processing surface. During this process, the magnetic abrasive collection device needs to complete the abrasive collection. Improve the processing quality and efficiency of the workpiece. The magnetic grinding machine can complete the smooth grinding of high-precision large-diameter lenses, and has broad application prospects in the field of high-precision machining.

Description

Magnetic Grinding Machine for Small Curvature Surface Components of Double-sided Discs

technical field

The invention discloses a magnetic grinding machine for a double-sided disc-type small curvature surface member, which belongs to the technical field of precision machining.

Background technique

General mechanical parts are mostly geometric entities composed of geometric elements such as planes, circular surfaces and curved surfaces. Certain surfaces in high-precision instruments require high precision and surface finish, while the existing magnetic grinding machines have a single processing form. , it is only suitable for polishing and grinding of shaft or spherical surface parts, and cannot be used for grinding small curvature surfaces and flat disc parts.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the single processing form of the existing magnetic grinding machine, and provide a device capable of double-sided grinding. Through the cooperation of the relative reciprocating linear motion of the grinding head and the workpiece and the rotational motion of the workpiece itself, small curvature can be achieved. Efficient and precise grinding of surface and flat disc parts.

The technical scheme that the present invention specifically adopts is as follows:

A magnetic grinding machine for a double-sided disk-like small-curvature surface component, comprising a workpiece rotation mechanism installed on a bed, a workpiece clamping mechanism, and a reciprocating linear motion mechanism for grinding magnetic heads; the workpiece clamping mechanism is installed on the workpiece The rotating mechanism is used to clamp the workpiece; the reciprocating linear motion mechanism of the grinding magnetic head includes an upper double eccentric crank slider mechanism and a lower double eccentric crank slider mechanism with no phase difference and the same structure. 1. The lower double eccentric crank slider mechanism respectively drives an upper magnetic grinding head and a lower magnetic grinding head to perform reciprocating linear motion on the upper surface and the lower surface of the workpiece; the workpiece rotating mechanism and the double eccentric crank slider mechanism are in Driven by a driving motor, the rotation of the workpiece and the reciprocating linear motion of the upper and lower magnetic grinding heads are realized; the workpiece rotates one circle and the magnetic grinding head reciprocates linearly once; the cooperation of the two movements makes the processing track uniformly cover the entire processing surface , Improve the processing quality and efficiency.

Further, the workpiece rotating mechanism mainly consists of a pinion, a hollow bull gear and a coupling; the drive motor drives a pinion to rotate through a coupling, and the pinion drives the hollow bull gear, the hollow gear is formed by connecting two gears with the same geometric dimensions on the tooth surface through conical pins and screws, and an annular groove is processed along the circumferential direction on the joint surface of the two gears, and in addition, there are There are three axial claw grooves with a difference of 120 degrees, and the depth of the groove is the same as that of the annular groove; the connected large gear is fixed by bearings installed at the upper and lower ends, and the inner ring of the bearing is fastened to the shaft of the large gear On the shoulder, the outer ring is fastened by the bearing end cover, so that the large gear is accurately installed on the bed in the axial and radial directions; the whole mechanism realizes the high-speed rotation of the workpiece through the gear transmission mechanism driven by the dual-axis output motor.

Further, the axial claw grooves are symmetrical with respect to the joint plane of the end face bevel gear left-handed round nut and right-handed round nut.

Further, in order to prevent the magnetic abrasive from entering the bearing and gear teeth and affecting the service life of the mechanism, a sealing ring is used to seal between the bearing end cover and the hollow gear, and the gear teeth are covered by a protective cover surrounding the gear; The hollow gear and the end cover of the bearing can be made of stainless steel to prevent magnetization during processing and affect the processing quality.

Further, the workpiece clamping mechanism includes a small bevel gear, a left-handed round nut of an end face bevel gear, a right-handed round nut, a right-handed external thread sleeve of an upper jaw, a left-handed external thread sleeve of a lower jaw, an upper jaw, and a lower jaw. Claws, sleeves, and a small bevel gear shaft with an inner hexagonal wrench insertion hole processed at one end, are installed in the radially stepped through hole of the hollow large gear with a clearance fit, and mesh with the bevel teeth on the left-handed round nut of the bevel gear on the end face , so as to form a bevel gear transmission mechanism, and the end face bevel gear is connected with a left-handed round nut and a right-handed round nut, and rotates in the sleeve, and the outer circle of the sleeve interferes with the inner circle of the ring groove of the hollow gear Cooperate, the inner circle of the sleeve and the outer circle of the end face bevel gear left-handed round nut and right-handed round nut have clearance fit; the 3 lower jaws and 3 upper jaws are respectively connected to the right-handed external thread sleeve of the upper jaw On the inner circle of the left-handed external thread sleeve of the lower jaw, the upper jaw right-handed external thread sleeve and the lower jaw left-handed external thread sleeve connected by the inner circle and the 3 lower jaws and the 3 upper jaws are screwed in. In the left-handed round nut and the right-handed round nut of the bevel gear on the end face, the 3 lower jaws and 3 upper jaws are divided into 3 pairs and installed in three axial jaw grooves with a difference of 120 degrees processed in the inner hole of the hollow gear It moves up and down. By rotating the wrench inserted into the hole of the inner hexagonal wrench, the small bevel gear shaft drives the end face bevel gear left-handed round nut and right-handed round nut to rotate together, and the upper jaw is right-handed. The three lower jaws and the three upper jaws are respectively driven to tighten and loosen the workpiece along the axial direction, so as to realize the tightening of small curvature surfaces or flat workpieces of different thicknesses.

Further, the upper and lower double eccentric crankshaft slider mechanisms are symmetrical about the combination plane of the end face bevel gear left-handed round nut and right-handed round nut; ensure that the two sets of grinding heads are installed symmetrically on the connection plane; the mechanism puts The rotary motion of the large pulley is converted into the reciprocating linear motion of the grinding head with adjustable stroke.

The upper double eccentric crank slider mechanism includes an upper crankshaft, an upper circular eccentric sleeve, an upper connecting rod, an upper slider, and an upper guide rail. The upper circular eccentric sleeve is installed on the crank of the upper crankshaft, and the upper The circular eccentric sleeve is connected with the upper connecting rod, and the upper connecting rod drives the upper slider to move linearly along the upper guide rail, and a magnetic grinding head is installed on the upper slider;

The lower double eccentric crank slider mechanism includes a lower crankshaft, a lower circular eccentric sleeve, a lower connecting rod, a lower slider, and a lower guide rail; the lower circular eccentric sleeve is installed on the crank of the lower crankshaft, and the lower circle The shaped eccentric sleeve is connected with the lower connecting rod, and the lower connecting rod drives the lower slider to move linearly along the lower guide rail, and the lower magnetic grinding head is installed on the lower slider;

The drive motor drives the lower crankshaft to rotate through the belt, and then drives the upper crankshaft to rotate synchronously.

In the upper and lower double eccentric crankshaft slider mechanism in the present invention, the first eccentric structure is the crank on the crankshaft; a circular eccentric sleeve is installed between the connecting rod and the crank to form the second An eccentric structure, two functions can be realized by rotating the circular eccentric sleeve, one is to realize the adjustable stroke of the double eccentric crank slider mechanism, and to adapt to the processing of workpieces with different diameters by cooperating with the upper and lower jaws. Second, by rotating the circular eccentric sleeve, the slide block is moved away from the processing area, so as to realize the taking-out of the finished workpiece and the clamping of the new workpiece.

Further, the upper and lower magnetic grinding heads each include an electromagnet, and the magnetic poles of the two electromagnets are arranged oppositely; The magnitude of the current flowing into the electromagnet then changes the magnetic field intensity generated by the electromagnet, and adjusts the positive pressure and friction force of the magnetic brush formed by the magnetic abrasive on the workpiece, thereby adjusting the grinding processing speed and surface roughness, which can also be controlled separately by the control switch Turn on and off the grinding head circuit to stop the machine from grinding.

Further, the upper and lower magnetic grinding heads are designed to be circular, and the magnetic poles of the upper and lower magnetic grinding heads are arranged in opposite directions. Compared with magnetic heads of other shapes, the circular grinding head avoids uneven distribution of magnetic force lines at edges and corners. The uniform phenomenon ensures the uniformity of the magnetic field distribution.

Further, stoppers are installed at both ends of the upper and lower guide rails to prevent the slider from breaking away from the guide rails, and guide rail sheaths are respectively installed on the stoppers at both ends of the guide rail through screws; The block is connected, and the guide rail sheath shortens or elongates with the movement of the slider, so as to prevent the magnetic abrasive from falling into the working surface of the guide rail and damage the linear guide rail.

Further, the present invention also includes a magnetic abrasive collection device, the magnetic abrasive collection device mainly includes a funnel and a collection box; the funnel is a cone-column composite shell as a whole, the diameter of the upper port is larger than the inner diameter of the large gear, and it is installed in the hollow large gear. The lower side of the gear is convenient to drop the magnetic abrasives during and after processing into the collection box through the funnel; the left and right sides of the collection box are equipped with rail frames to facilitate the pulling out of the collection box. The rail frame mechanism It is fixedly installed on the bed. After the processing is completed, the electromagnet will be powered off, and the magnetic abrasive will flow into the collection box through the funnel under the action of gravity, or put the magnetic abrasive in the collection box evenly into the working area when processing a new workpiece. . In order to prevent the magnetization of the magnetic abrasive collection device, the funnel and the magnetic abrasive collection box are all made of stainless steel.

Further, in order to prevent the magnetic abrasive from being attracted to other places outside the working area, the funnel, magnetic abrasive collection box, large gear, upper and lower claws, connecting rod, gear guard, bearing end cover and magnetic abrasive in the collection device will contact Parts are made of stainless steel or other non-ferromagnetic materials.

Further, in order to prevent the upper and lower claws from being separated from the workpiece during processing, the end face bevel gear in the workpiece tightening mechanism has a left-handed round nut, a right-handed round nut, an upper claw with a right-handed external thread sleeve, and a lower jaw with a left-handed external thread sleeve. The connecting thread is a self-locking thread.

The whole machine working process of the magnetic grinding machine of the above-mentioned double-sided disc type small curvature surface member is:

(1) By adjusting the position of the crank on the double eccentric crankshaft and the circular eccentric sleeve between the connecting rod and the crank, the grinding head should be moved out of the processing range of the workpiece;

(2) According to the thickness of the workpiece, rotate the small bevel gear shaft with an inner hexagonal wrench insertion hole processed at one end, and drive the left-handed round nut and the right-handed round nut of the bevel gear on the end face to rotate together, and the upper jaw is right-handed. The left-handed external thread sleeve of the claw drives the three pairs of upper and lower jaws to tighten the workpiece and loosen the workpiece along the axial jaw groove. Since the front ends of the same upper and lower three pairs of jaws are all processed into a wedge shape, the space for processing the workpiece is automatically realized. Central positioning tightened;

(3) Place the workpiece on the clamping mechanism in the hollow gear from one side of the hollow gear, and use the wedge-shaped surface inside the claw to automatically align and position the workpiece, use a constant torque wrench to rotate the small bevel gear, and pass through the bevel Gear transmission mechanism and thread transmission mechanism, the claws move in opposite directions to clamp the workpiece until the constant torque wrench reaches the set tightening torque, the workpiece can be considered to be clamped;

(4) By adjusting the position of the crank on the double eccentric crankshaft and the circular eccentric sleeve between the connecting rod and the crank, the grinding head should be moved into the workpiece processing range, the electromagnet of the grinding head is powered on, and the upper and lower grinding heads are filled. The same amount of magnetic abrasive, start the machine to grind the workpiece;

(5) By adjusting the sliding rheostat to change the current into the electromagnet and then change the magnetic field strength generated by the electromagnet, adjust the positive pressure and friction of the magnetic brush formed by the magnetic abrasive on the surface of the workpiece, thereby adjusting the grinding processing speed and Surface roughness;

(6) Repeat the operations of (1) and (2) above to remove the workpiece that has been ground.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

Driven by a double-shaft output motor, the entire machine of the present invention realizes workpiece rotation through gear transmission and belt transmission drives double eccentric crankshaft sliders to complete the reciprocating linear motion of the magnetic grinding head. The transmission ratio of the two is 1:1. The workpiece rotates once and the magnetic grinding head reciprocates linearly once. Under the action of the magnetic brush, the movement of the two cooperates to make the processing track on the workpiece evenly cover the entire processing surface. During this process, the magnetic abrasive collection device needs to complete the abrasive Collect, improve the processing quality and efficiency of the workpiece. The magnetic grinding machine can complete the smooth grinding of high-precision large-diameter lenses, and has broad application prospects in the field of high-precision machining.

In order to prevent the magnetic abrasive from entering the bearing and gear teeth and affecting the service life of the mechanism, a sealing ring is used to seal between the bearing end cover and the hollow gear, and the gear teeth are covered by a protective cover around the gear; the hollow gear , The bearing end cover can be made of stainless steel to prevent magnetization during processing and affect the processing quality.

The 3 lower jaws and 3 upper jaws of the workpiece clamping mechanism form 3 jaw pairs, which are installed in three axial jaw grooves processed in the inner hole of the hollow gear with a difference of 120 degrees for up and down movement. By rotating the wrench inserted into the hole of the inner hexagonal wrench, the small bevel gear shaft is driven to drive the left-handed round nut and the right-handed round nut of the end face bevel gear to rotate together, and the upper jaw right-handed external thread sleeve and the lower jaw left-handed external thread sleeve respectively drive 3 The three lower jaws and the three upper jaws move along the axial direction to tighten and loosen the workpiece, so as to realize the tightening and loosening of discs with small curvature surfaces or flat workpieces of different thicknesses.

In order to prevent magnetic abrasives from entering the jaw grooves and affecting the service life of the machine, the small bevel gear, the end bevel gear left-handed round nut, the right-handed round nut, the upper jaw right-handed external thread sleeve, the lower jaw left-handed external thread sleeve, The upper claw, lower claw and sleeve can be made of stainless steel or non-ferromagnetic material to prevent magnetization during processing and affect processing quality.

The reciprocating linear motion mechanism of the grinding magnetic head mainly includes a double eccentric crankshaft slider mechanism and a belt transmission mechanism. The two sets of double eccentric crankshaft slider mechanisms are symmetrical about the combination plane of the left-handed round nut and the right-handed round nut of the end face bevel gear, and three axial claw grooves with a difference of 120 degrees are processed in the inner hole of the hollow gear. It is also symmetrical to the joint plane, to ensure that the two sets of grinding heads are installed symmetrically on the joint plane, and to ensure that the upper and lower jaws divided into three pairs are symmetrically installed on the joint plane. The reciprocating linear motion of the magnetic head.

The grinding head is a commercial electromagnet, which is connected with a sliding rheostat and a control switch. By adjusting the sliding rheostat, the magnitude of the current flowing into the electromagnet can be changed, and then the strength of the magnetic field generated by the electromagnet can be changed, and the magnetic brush pair formed by the magnetic abrasive can be adjusted. The positive pressure and friction of the workpiece can be adjusted to adjust the grinding speed and surface roughness. The power on and off of the grinding head can also be controlled separately through the control switch, so that the machine stops grinding. The center line of the linear guide rail and the center axis of the hollow gear In the same vertical plane, the slider installed on the linear guide rail is connected with the grinding head of the electromagnet with screws through stainless steel pads, and the linear guide rail is fixed on the bed by screws, and stoppers are installed at both ends of the guide rail to prevent the slider from detaching The guide rails are equipped with organ-type guide rail sheaths through screws on the stoppers at both ends of the guide rails, and the other end of the guide rail sheaths is connected with the slider through screws. The magnetic abrasive falls into the working surface of the guide rail and damages the linear guide rail. The stainless steel pad and the connecting rod are connected and installed together through the pin shaft, and the so-called double eccentric crankshaft slider mechanism, the first eccentric structure is the crank on the crankshaft; Between the above connecting rod and the crank, a circular eccentric sleeve is installed to form a second eccentric structure. Two functions can be realized by rotating the circular eccentric sleeve, one of which is to realize the double eccentric crank slider mechanism The stroke can be adjusted, and it can adapt to the processing of workpieces with different diameters by cooperating with the upper and lower jaws. Second, by rotating the circular eccentric sleeve, the slider moves away from the processing area to realize the removal of processed workpieces and new workpieces. clamping.

The grinding head is designed to be circular. Compared with other shapes of magnetic heads, the circular grinding head avoids the uneven distribution of magnetic force lines at the corners and ensures the uniformity of the magnetic field distribution; and the upper grinding head and the lower grinding head. The polarity of the magnetic poles is oppositely arranged; as a preference, the grinding head is a commercial electromagnet, connected with a sliding rheostat and a control switch, which can change the magnitude of the current passed into the electromagnet by automatically and manually adjusting the sliding rheostat, and then change the current generated by the electromagnet. The strength of the magnetic field can adjust the friction force of the magnetic brush formed by the magnetic abrasive on the workpiece, so as to adjust the grinding speed and surface roughness. It can also control the power on and off of the grinding head through the control switch to stop the machine from grinding.

In order to reduce the processing difficulty of the bed and improve the installation accuracy of the crankshaft, the crankshaft is supported by a bearing seat, and the bearing support is fixed on the bed with screws. The crankshaft is processed in two sections, connected together by a coupling and a flat key. After installation, two sets of crank slider mechanisms are formed. The phase difference between the two sets of mechanisms is zero. After installation, the crankshaft is fixed on the shaft through bearings and bearing supports. On the bed, its transmission process is:

The other end of the double output shaft motor is a split crankshaft connected together by a small pulley, a belt, a large pulley, a drive coupling and a flat key, and the large pulley is connected by a circular eccentric sleeve, a connecting rod and a linear guide seat Rotational motion is converted into synchronous reciprocating linear motion with adjustable travel of the upper and lower grinding heads. When the control switch of the grinding head is powered on, the magnetic abrasive near the grinding head will form a magnetic brush, which is installed on three pairs of claws. Position the upper and lower surfaces of the tightened workpiece, and simultaneously polish and grind the upper and lower surfaces of the workpiece. By manually or automatically adjusting the sliding rheostat installed in the control circuit to change the current into the electromagnet, and then change the magnetic field strength generated by the electromagnet, and adjust the friction force of the magnetic brush formed by the magnetic abrasive on the workpiece, thereby adjusting the grinding Processing speed and surface roughness.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide further understanding of the present application, and the schematic embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application, and do not constitute improper limitations to the present application.

Fig. 1 The magnetic grinding machine of the small curvature surface member of the double-sided disc class;

Fig. 2 Front view of workpiece rotation and clamping mechanism;

Fig. 3 Top view of workpiece rotation and clamping mechanism;

Figure 4 Partial enlarged view of workpiece clamping mechanism;

The reciprocating linear motion mechanism of Fig. 5 grinding magnetic head;

The front view of the magnetic abrasive collection device of Fig. 6;

Figure 7 is a top view of the magnetic abrasive collection device.

Among them: 1. Bed, 2. Magnetic abrasive collection device, 3. Workpiece rotation and clamping mechanism, 4. Reciprocating linear motion mechanism of grinding head, 5. Dual-axis output motor, 6. Coupling, 7. Pinion , 8, stepped shaft, 9, pinion bevel gear shaft, 10, bearing cover, 11, claw, 12, upper claw right-handed external thread sleeve, 13, sleeve, 14, right-handed round nut, 15, gear Protective cover, 16. Left-handed round nut of end face bevel gear, 17. Thrust bearing of narrow series, 18. Hollow large gear, 19. Taper pin, 20. Small pulley, 21. Organ type guide rail sheath, 22. Block ,23, the lower grinding magnetic head, 24, the lower linear guide rail, 25, the upper grinding magnetic head, 26, the stainless steel pad, 27, the guide rail slider, 28, the pin connection, 29, the upper linear guide rail, 30, the upper connecting rod, 31 , Lower jaw left-handed external thread sleeve, 32, bearing seat, 33, upper crankshaft, 34, crankshaft coupling, 35, lower connecting rod, 36, lower crankshaft, 37, large pulley, 38, baffle plate, 39, Screw, 40, circular eccentric sleeve, 41, magnetic abrasive collection box, 42, magnetic abrasive collection box support wheel, 43, funnel, 44, magnetic abrasive collection box support.

detailed description

It should be pointed out that the following detailed description is exemplary and intended to provide further explanation to the present application. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

It should be noted that the terminology used here is only for describing specific implementations, and is not intended to limit the exemplary implementations according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the singular is intended to include the plural, and it should also be understood that when the terms "comprising" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they mean There are features, steps, operations, means, components and/or combinations thereof.

As introduced in the background technology, some surfaces in high-precision instruments in the prior art require high precision and surface finish, while the existing magnetic grinding machine has a single processing form and is only suitable for polishing shaft or spherical surface parts Grinding, it is impossible to grind small curvature surfaces and flat disc parts. In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application proposes a magnetic grinding machine for double-sided disk-like members with small curvature surfaces.

Grinding and polishing are widely used in the processing of precision mechanical parts. The invention uses the combination of the reciprocating linear motion of the grinding head and the rotation motion of the workpiece to perform double-sided grinding on small curvature curved surfaces or planes with different thicknesses and larger diameters. device; the working principle of the present invention adopts the mode that linear motion and rotary motion match to polish and grind workpiece, as shown in Figure 1, it is made of bed 1, magnetic abrasive collection device 2, workpiece rotation and clamping mechanism 3 and grinding The reciprocating linear motion mechanism of the magnetic head is composed of 4. Driven by a dual-axis output motor 5, the whole machine realizes the rotation of the workpiece and the movement of the clamping mechanism 3 through gear transmission and the double eccentric crank slider mechanism driven by the belt drive to complete the reciprocating linear movement mechanism 4 of the grinding head. The ratio of the transmission ratio is 1:1, which realizes one rotation of the workpiece and one stroke of the linear feed movement of the grinding head. The cooperation of the two movements makes the processing track evenly cover the entire surface of the processed workpiece.

The workpiece rotation mechanism shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, wherein Figure 2 is a front view, and Figure 3 is a top view, mainly composed of a biaxial output motor 5, a small gear 7, a hollow gear 18, a coupling 6, and a narrow series Thrust bearing 17, bearing cover 10, stepped shaft 8 are formed. The hollow gear 18 is formed by connecting two gears with almost identical geometric dimensions on the tooth surfaces through conical pins 19 and screws. In addition, an annular groove is processed along the circumferential direction on the cutting surface of the gear. In addition, three axial grooves connecting the annular groove and the inner ring of the gear are processed along the axial direction. The three grooves are distributed in the inner circle of the gear in the form of an equilateral triangle. and the depth of the groove is the same as that of the annular groove. A small part of the teeth at the lower end of the lower gear is milled into a plane, and a stepped through hole is processed on the plane along the radial direction of the gear. The pinion bevel gear shaft 9 is mounted on the In the through hole of the step; the upper and lower ends of the hollow gear 18 are equipped with narrow series of thrust bearings 17, the inner ring of the bearing is fastened on the shaft shoulder of the hollow gear, the outer ring is fastened by the bearing end cover 10, and then By being fixed on the bed 1 with screws, the hollow bull gear can rotate automatically; when installing the hollow bull gear 18, it must be ensured that the end face of the hollow bull gear is horizontal. In order to prevent waste from entering the bearing and gear teeth and affecting the service life of the mechanism, a felt ring is used to seal between the bearing end cover 10 and the hollow gear 18, and the gear teeth are covered by a stainless steel protective cover 15 surrounding the gear. And protective cover 15 is connected with lathe bed 1 by screw; Hollow bull gear 18, bearing end cap 10 are made of stainless steel, can prevent that magnetization phenomenon occurs in the processing process, influences the distribution of processing magnetic abrasive. The pinion 7 is installed on the stepped shaft 8 through a flat key and a sleeve, and meshes with the hollow gear 18, while the stepped shaft 8 is fixed on the bed through deep groove ball bearings, bearing end caps and screws, and passed through the coupling 6 It is connected with the biaxial output motor 5 . The whole mechanism realizes the high-speed rotation of the hollow bull gear 18 through the gear transmission mechanism under the drive of the biaxial output motor 5 .

The workpiece clamping mechanism is shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4. This mechanism is installed inside the hollow gear 18, and is mainly divided into a bevel gear transmission mechanism and a thread transmission mechanism. 9, right-handed round nut 14, end face bevel gear left-handed round nut 16, upper jaw right-handed external thread sleeve 12, lower jaw left-handed external thread sleeve 31, jaw (comprising upper and lower jaws) 11, sleeve 13 and form. The small bevel gear shaft 9 is a gear shaft, and one end of the shaft is processed with a hexagonal hole; the small bevel gear is installed in the radial step through hole of the hollow large gear with clearance fit, and is connected with the left-handed round nut 16 of the end face bevel gear. The bevel teeth mesh to form a bevel gear transmission. The end face bevel gear left-handed round nut 16 and right-handed round nut 14 are connected as a whole by screws and conical pins 19, and are installed in the outer sleeve 13 through clearance fit, and rotate in this sleeve together, and the end face is conical. The gear left-handed round nut 16 and the right-handed round nut 14 are processed with internal threads with opposite directions of rotation, and the lower end of the end face bevel gear left-handed round nut 16 is processed with bevel teeth to mesh with the gears of the bevel pinion shaft 9, thereby forming a bevel gear transmission mechanism. The right-handed external thread sleeve 12 of the upper jaw and the left-handed external thread sleeve 31 of the lower jaw are connected with the taper pin and the three lower jaws 11 and the three upper jaws 11 respectively by the inner circle through the screw, and the upper jaws are right-handed and externally threaded. The threaded sleeve 12 and the lower jaw left-handed external threaded sleeve 31 are screwed into the left-handed round nut 16 and the right-handed round nut 14 of the bevel gear on the end face, and the 3 lower jaws and 3 upper jaws are divided into 3 pairs and installed in three processing Move up and down in the axial claw groove with a difference of 120 degrees in the inner hole of the hollow gear, and rotate the wrench inserted into the hole of the hexagonal wrench to drive the small bevel gear shaft to drive the end face bevel gear left-handed round nut 16 and right-handed round nut 14 rotate together, the upper jaw right-handed external thread sleeve 12 and the lower jaw left-handed external thread sleeve 31 respectively drive the three lower jaws 11 and the three upper jaws 11 to move toward each other or back along the axial direction simultaneously, To tighten and loosen the workpiece, realize the centering tightening of discs with small curvature surfaces or flat workpieces of different thicknesses, so as to clamp or unload the workpiece. To prevent magnetization, the entire workpiece clamping mechanism is made of stainless steel or other non-ferromagnetic materials.

The reciprocating linear motion mechanism 4 of the grinding magnetic head is shown in FIG. 5 , which mainly includes a double eccentric crank slider mechanism and a belt transmission mechanism. The two sets of double eccentric crankshaft slider mechanisms are symmetrical about the combination plane of the end face bevel gear left-handed round nut 16 and right-handed round nut 14. Three axial clamps with a difference of 120 degrees are processed in the inner hole of the hollow gear. The pawl groove is also symmetrical with the joint plane, ensuring that the two sets of grinding heads 23 and 25 are installed symmetrically on the joint plane, and that the magnetic poles are oppositely arranged to ensure that the upper and lower jaws 11 divided into three pairs are installed symmetrically on the joint plane. The rotary motion of the large pulley is converted into the reciprocating linear motion of the grinding head with adjustable stroke.

This reciprocating linear motion mechanism mainly consists of small pulley 20, large pulley 37, crankshaft 33 and 36, circular eccentric sleeve 40, connecting rod 30 and 35, stainless steel spacer 26 up and down, guide rail slider 27, pin shaft connection 28, Grinding magnetic head 23 and 25, linear guide rail 24 and 29, bearing seat 32 and guide rail seat form, and large belt pulley 37 is fixed on the lower crankshaft 36 by baffle plate 38 and screw 39. Grinding magnetic heads 23 and 25 are commercial electromagnets, and the magnetic poles are oppositely arranged, and a sliding rheostat and a control switch are externally connected, which can change the current size passed into the electromagnet by manually or automatically adjusting the sliding rheostat, and then change the electromagnet. The strength of the magnetic field can be adjusted to adjust the positive pressure and friction of the magnetic brush formed by the magnetic abrasive on the workpiece, so as to adjust the grinding speed and surface roughness. It is also possible to control the power on and off of the grinding head separately through the control switch, so that the machine stops grinding. The linear guide rails 24 and 29 centerlines are in the same vertical plane as the central axis of the hollow bull gear 18, and the slide block installed on the linear guide rails is connected with the grinding magnetic heads 23 and 25 of the electromagnet with screws through the stainless steel pad 26, and the linear The guide rail is fixed on the bed 1 by screws. The upper and lower stainless steel pads 26 are respectively installed together with the connecting rods 30 and 35 through the pin connection 28, the two ends of the guide rail are equipped with stoppers 22 to prevent the slider from breaking away from the guide rail, and the stoppers at the two ends of the upper and lower guide rails are respectively installed by screws. There is an organ-type guide rail sheath 21, and the other end of the guide rail sheath is connected to the slider through screws, and the guide rail sheath shortens or elongates with the movement of the slider, thereby preventing magnetic abrasives from falling into the guide rail working surface and damaging the linear guide rail. In the so-called double eccentric crankshaft 33 and 36 slider mechanisms, the first eccentric structure is the crank on the crankshaft; between the connecting rod and the crank, a circular eccentric sleeve 40 is installed again, forming the second An eccentric structure, two functions can be realized by rotating the eccentric sleeve, one of which realizes the adjustable stroke of the double eccentric crank slider mechanism, and adapts to the processing of workpieces with different diameters by cooperating with the upper and lower jaws 11. Two, by rotating the circular eccentric sleeve 40, the guide rail slide block 27 is moved away from the processing area, so as to realize the taking-out of the finished workpiece and the clamping of the new workpiece.

As preferably, the grinding head 23 and 25 are designed to be circular, and the grinding head of the circle is compared with the magnetic head of other shapes, avoids the phenomenon that the distribution of the lines of force is not uniform at the corners, and ensures the uniformity of the magnetic field distribution; As preferably, The grinding head is a commercial electromagnet, and the magnetic poles are arranged in opposite polarities. A sliding rheostat and a control switch are connected externally. The sliding rheostat can be adjusted manually or automatically to change the magnitude of the current passed into the electromagnet and then change the magnetic field strength generated by the electromagnet. , adjust the positive pressure and friction of the magnetic brush formed by the magnetic abrasive on the workpiece, thereby adjusting the grinding speed and surface roughness, and also control the power on and off of the grinding head through the control switch to stop the machine grinding.

In order to reduce the processing difficulty of the bed 1 and improve the installation accuracy of the crankshafts 33 and 36, the crankshaft is supported by a bearing seat 32, and the bearing support is fixed on the bed with screws. The crankshaft is processed in two sections, connected together by the crankshaft coupling 34 and the flat key. After installation, two sets of crank slider mechanisms are formed. The phase difference between the two sets of mechanisms is zero. After installation, the crankshaft passes through the bearing and the bearing support. Fixed on the bed, its transmission process is:

The other end of the dual output shaft motor is connected to the split crankshaft 33 and 36 through the small pulley 20, the belt, the large pulley 37, the drive coupling 34 and the flat key, and through the circular eccentric sleeve 40, the connecting rod 30 and the 35. The linear guide rail converts the rotary motion of the large pulley into the synchronous reciprocating linear motion of the upper and lower grinding heads 23 and 25 with adjustable stroke. When the control switch of the grinding head is powered on, the magnetic abrasive near the grinding head will be A magnetic brush is formed to sweep the upper and lower surfaces of the workpiece positioned and tightened on the three pairs of claws 11, and simultaneously polish and grind the upper and lower surfaces of the workpiece. By manually or automatically adjusting the sliding rheostat installed in the control circuit to change the current into the electromagnet, and then change the magnetic field strength generated by the electromagnet, and adjust the friction force of the magnetic brush formed by the magnetic abrasive on the workpiece, thereby adjusting the grinding Processing speed and surface roughness. In addition, the circular eccentric sleeve 40 has ears, and a plurality of pin holes are evenly distributed on its upper circumference, and the stroke of the magnetic grinding head can be changed by changing the pin shaft screw to connect at different pin hole positions, so as to process workpieces with different diameters , or move the grinding head out of the working area to complete the manual loading and unloading of the workpiece.

The magnetic abrasive collecting device is shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, wherein Figure 6 is a front view of the magnetic abrasive collecting device, and Figure 7 is a top view of the magnetic abrasive collecting device. The magnetic abrasive collection device mainly includes a funnel 43 , a magnetic abrasive collection box 41 , a magnetic abrasive collection box support wheel 42 , and a magnetic abrasive collection box support 44 . The funnel 43 is a cone-column composite shell as a whole, the diameter of the upper port is larger than the inner diameter of the hollow gear 18, and it is installed on the lower side of the hollow gear 18, so that the magnetic abrasives during and after processing can be collected into the collection box 41 in. The left and right sides of the magnetic abrasive collection box 41 are installed on the frame 44 through the guide rail frame mechanism 42 to facilitate the pulling out of the collection box. The frame is fixedly installed on the bed 1. After the processing is completed, the electromagnet will be powered off , The magnetic abrasives will flow into the collection box through the funnel under the action of gravity, or put the magnetic abrasives in the collection box into the working area evenly when processing new workpieces. In order to prevent the magnetization of the magnetic abrasive collection device, the funnel and the magnetic abrasive collection box are all made of stainless steel.

In order to prevent the magnetic abrasive from being attracted to other places outside the working area, the funnel in the collection device, the magnetic abrasive collection box 41, the large gear 37, the upper and lower jaws 11, the connecting rods 30 and 35, the gear guard 15, the bearing end cover 10 and The parts that the magnetic abrasive will contact are all made of stainless steel or other non-ferromagnetic materials.

In order to prevent the workpiece from being separated from the upper and lower jaws 11 during the processing of the workpiece, the end face bevel gear in the workpiece tightening mechanism is left-handed round nut 16, right-handed round nut 14, upper jaw right-handed external thread sleeve 12, and lower jaw left-handed external thread The connecting thread on the cover 31 is a self-locking thread.

The magnetic grinding machine for double-sided disc-type small curvature surface components, the whole working process of the machine is:

(1) By adjusting the position of the crank on the double eccentric crankshaft and the circular eccentric sleeve 40 between the connecting rod and the crank, the grinding heads 23 and 25 will be moved out of the workpiece processing range;

(2) According to the thickness of the workpiece, rotate the small bevel gear shaft 9 with an inner hexagonal wrench insertion hole processed at one end, and drive the end bevel gear left-handed round nut 16 and right-handed round nut 14 to rotate together, and the upper claw is right-handed. 12 and the lower jaw left-handed external thread sleeve 31 respectively drive 3 pairs of upper and lower jaws 11 to tighten the workpiece and loosen the workpiece along the axial jaw groove. Realize the space automatic center positioning and tightening of the workpiece;

(3) Place the workpiece on the clamping mechanism in the hollow gear 18 from one side of the hollow gear 18, and use the wedge-shaped surface inside the claw 11 to automatically align and position the workpiece, and use a constant torque wrench to rotate the small bevel gear 9 , through the bevel gear transmission mechanism and the thread transmission mechanism, the claws 11 move in opposite directions to clamp the workpiece until the constant torque wrench reaches the set tightening torque, which can be considered as clamping the workpiece;

(4) By adjusting the position of the circular eccentric sleeve 40 between the crank and the connecting rod on the double eccentric crankshaft, the grinding head should be moved into the workpiece processing range, the electromagnet of the grinding head is powered on, and the upper and lower grinding heads are loaded, etc. A certain amount of magnetic abrasive, start the machine to grind the workpiece;

(5) By manually or automatically adjusting the sliding rheostat to change the magnitude of the current passed into the electromagnet and then change the magnetic field strength generated by the electromagnet, and adjust the positive pressure and friction of the magnetic brush formed by the magnetic abrasive on the surface of the workpiece, thereby adjusting Grinding speed and surface roughness;

(6) Repeat the operations of (1) and (2) above to remove the workpiece that has been ground.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, there may be various modifications and changes in the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of this application shall be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of magnetic grinding machine of double-sided disk class small-curvature surface member, it is characterized in that, comprise the reciprocating linear motion mechanism of the workpiece rotating mechanism, workpiece clamping mechanism, grinding magnetic head that are installed on the lathe; Described workpiece The clamping mechanism is installed in the workpiece rotation mechanism for clamping the workpiece; the reciprocating linear motion mechanism of the grinding magnetic head includes an upper double eccentric crank slider mechanism and a lower double eccentric crank slider mechanism with no phase difference and the same structure mechanism, the upper and lower double eccentric crank slider mechanisms respectively drive an upper magnetic grinding head and a lower magnetic grinding head to perform reciprocating linear motion on the upper and lower surfaces of the workpiece; the workpiece rotating mechanism and the double eccentric The crankshaft slider mechanism realizes the rotation of the workpiece and the reciprocating linear motion of the upper and lower magnetic grinding heads under the drive of a driving motor; the workpiece rotates one circle and the magnetic grinding head reciprocates linearly once; the cooperation of the two movements makes the processing track even Spread over the entire machined surface. 2. The magnetic grinding machine of a kind of double-sided disc class small curvature surface member as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described workpiece rotation mechanism mainly consists of pinion, hollow bull gear and shaft coupling; The drive motor drives a pinion to rotate through a shaft coupling, the pinion drives the hollow bull gear, and the hollow bull gear is formed by connecting two bull gears with the same tooth surface geometric dimensions, and Annular grooves are processed along the circumferential direction on the joint surface of the two gears, and three axial claw grooves with a difference of 120 degrees are processed along the axial direction, and the depth of the grooves is the same as that of the annular grooves; The bearings installed at both ends of the lower end are fixed. The inner ring of the bearing is fastened on the shaft shoulder of the large gear, and the outer ring is fastened by the bearing end cover, so that the large gear is accurately installed on the bed in the axial and radial directions; the whole mechanism Driven by the double-shaft output motor, the high-speed rotation of the workpiece is realized through the gear transmission mechanism; the axial claw groove is symmetrical about the joint plane of the left-handed round nut and the right-handed round nut of the end face bevel gear. 3. The magnetic grinding machine of a kind of double-sided disc type small curvature surface member as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, use sealing ring to seal between bearing cover and hollow gear, described pinion, hollow gear The big gear is covered by a shield surrounding it. 4. The magnetic grinding machine of a kind of double-sided disk-type small curvature surface member as claimed in claim 2, wherein the workpiece clamping mechanism includes a small bevel gear, a left-handed round nut of an end face bevel gear, a right-handed The round nut, the upper claw right-handed external thread sleeve, the lower claw left-handed external thread sleeve, the upper claw, the lower claw, the sleeve, and the small bevel gear shaft with an inner hexagonal wrench insertion hole processed at one end are installed on the The radial step through hole of the hollow large gear meshes with the bevel teeth on the left-handed round nut of the bevel gear on the end face, thereby forming a bevel gear transmission mechanism, and the left-handed round nut and the right-handed round nut on the end face bevel gear are connected together, Rotate in the sleeve, the outer circle of the sleeve fits with the inner circle of the ring groove of the hollow gear, and the inner circle of the sleeve fits with the outer circles of the end-face bevel gear left-handed round nut and right-handed round nut; The 3 lower jaws and the 3 upper jaws are respectively connected to the inner circles of the right-handed external thread sleeves of the upper jaws and the left-handed outer threaded sleeves of the lower jaws, respectively relying on the inner circle and the 3 lower jaws and 3 upper The right-handed external thread sleeve of the upper jaw and the left-handed external thread sleeve of the lower jaw connected by the jaws are screwed into the left-handed round nut and the right-handed round nut of the bevel gear on the end face, and the 3 lower jaws and 3 upper jaws are divided into 3 Move up and down in the three axial claw grooves processed in the inner hole of the hollow gear with a difference of 120 degrees, and rotate the wrench inserted into the hole of the hexagonal wrench to drive the small bevel gear shaft to drive the end bevel gear left-handed round nut Rotating together with the right-handed round nut, the upper jaw right-handed external thread sleeve and the lower jaw left-handed external thread sleeve respectively drive the three lower jaws and the three upper jaws to tighten and loosen the workpiece along the axial direction. Movement, to realize the tightening of discs with small curvature surfaces or flat workpieces of different thicknesses. 5. The magnetic grinding machine of a kind of double-sided disk type small curvature surface member as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, the end face bevel gear left-handed round nut, right-handed round nut, upper claw right-handed external thread sleeve, The connecting thread on the left-hand external thread sleeve of the lower claw is a self-locking thread. 6. The magnetic grinding machine of a double-sided disk-type small curvature surface member as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper and lower double eccentric crank slider mechanisms are about the left-handed circle of the end bevel gear. The combined plane of the nut and the right-handed round nut is symmetrical; The upper double eccentric crank slider mechanism includes an upper crankshaft, an upper circular eccentric sleeve, an upper connecting rod, an upper slider, and an upper guide rail. The upper circular eccentric sleeve is installed on the crank of the upper crankshaft, and the upper The circular eccentric sleeve is connected with the upper connecting rod, and the upper connecting rod drives the upper slider to move linearly along the upper guide rail, and a magnetic grinding head is installed on the upper slider; The lower double eccentric crank slider mechanism includes a lower crankshaft, a lower circular eccentric sleeve, a lower connecting rod, a lower slider, and a lower guide rail; the lower circular eccentric sleeve is installed on the crank of the lower crankshaft, and the lower circle The shaped eccentric sleeve is connected with the lower connecting rod, and the lower connecting rod drives the lower slider to move linearly along the lower guide rail, and the lower magnetic grinding head is installed on the lower slider; The drive motor drives the lower crankshaft to rotate, and then drives the upper crankshaft to rotate synchronously. 7. The magnetic grinding machine of a kind of double-sided disk class small curvature surface member as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, described upper and lower magnetic grinding heads each comprise an electromagnet, two electromagnet magnetic poles Arrangement in the opposite direction; each electromagnet is externally connected with a sliding rheostat and a control switch. By adjusting the sliding rheostat, the magnitude of the current passed into the electromagnet can be changed, and then the strength of the magnetic field generated by the electromagnet can be changed, and the pair of magnetic brushes formed by magnetic abrasives can be adjusted. The positive pressure and friction of the workpiece can be adjusted to adjust the grinding speed and surface roughness, and the power on and off of the grinding head can also be controlled separately through the control switch to stop the machine from grinding. 8 . The magnetic grinding machine for a double-sided disk with small curvature surface member as claimed in claim 7 , wherein the upper and lower magnetic grinding heads are designed to be circular. 9 . 9. The magnetic grinding machine of a kind of double-sided disk-type small curvature surface member as claimed in claim 1, wherein stoppers are installed at the two ends of the upper and lower guide rails to prevent the slide block from breaking away from the guide rails, The guide rail sheaths are installed on the stoppers at both ends of the guide rail through screws; the other end of the guide rail sheaths is connected with the slider through screws, and the guide rail sheaths shorten or elongate with the movement of the sliders, thereby preventing magnetic abrasives from falling into the guide rails work surface and damage the linear guide. 10. The magnetic grinding machine of a kind of double-sided disk type small curvature surface member as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described magnetic abrasive collecting device mainly comprises funnel, collection box; , the diameter of the upper port is larger than the inner diameter of the large gear, and it is installed on the lower side of the hollow large gear. The left and right sides of the collection box are equipped with rail frames to facilitate the pulling out of the collection box. The rail frame mechanism is fixed on the bed On the body, the workpieces that can be in contact with magnetic abrasives are made of stainless steel or non-ferromagnetic materials.