CN107607372A - A kind of fragile material fatigue crack prefabrication testing machine - Google Patents
A kind of fragile material fatigue crack prefabrication testing machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN107607372A CN107607372A CN201710722274.5A CN201710722274A CN107607372A CN 107607372 A CN107607372 A CN 107607372A CN 201710722274 A CN201710722274 A CN 201710722274A CN 107607372 A CN107607372 A CN 107607372A
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- testing machine
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- laser
- fatigue crack
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of fragile material fatigue crack prefabrication testing machine, testing machine includes pedestal, motor, power transmission shaft, impact bead, pressure head, support frame, supporting plate, laser counter, pressure sensor, laser signal controller, the part such as alarm, PLC control system, compression spring, position-limiting drum, fixture.The loading of different size load is realized by the position of pressure sensor, adjustment impact bead connecting rod and position-limiting drum, precrack length reaches desired size, the signal message that PLC control system is fed back according to laser probe, the power supply of motor can be cut off, alarm can send alarm simultaneously, prompt the fatigue crack prefabricated completion of the test specimen.Realize the left unguarded in whole crackle prefabrication process.Human and material resources can be largely saved using the fatigue crack of the prefabricated fragile material of the present invention, while improve the precision of crackle preparation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the testing field of fracture toughness of materials, and in particular to a kind of fragile material fatigue crack prefabrication experiment
Machine.
Technical background
Fatigue theory research has very big engineering practical value.Its first effect is that solution determines longevity problem, i.e., smart
The fatigue life of component really is estimated or predicts, prevention structure occurs catastrophic failure, avoids the huge damage of life and property
Lose.Second effect is that solve lengthen the life problem, i.e. preferred material and optimize technique, the fatigue life of member for prolonging, is also development
New antifatigue material provides foundation.It is well known that the fatigue behaviour of measuring material, will expend substantial amounts of human and material resources
And financial resources；Especially component expends bigger down to the fatigue test under full size structure under arms load.Therefore, fatigue theory
3rd important function of research is, with simple mechanical property parameter, such as tensile property, to estimate the fatigue behaviour of material, simple
Change so that substituting fatigue test；Especially shorten component down to the cycle of full size structure fatigue test, to save human and material resources
And financial resources.The delamination of excessive deformation, cracking and composite is the main failure forms river of machine components and engineering component.
Wherein, cracking can cause the fracture of component, be the failure mode of most harmfulness.Due to the emergentness of fracture, not only result in
Great economic loss, and frequently result in the generation of catastrophic failure.Traditional classical intensity theory thinks that fracture is moment
Occur, fracture is controlled by the nominal fracture strength and breaking strain calculated by cross dimensions.But to actual components and
Speech, its material internal is uneven and discrete, and there may be microcosmic and macroscopical crackle or the defects of similar to crackle,
And these defects can produce great influence to the military service performance of material and component.Early in the 15th century, people are in measurement iron wire
Found that during intensity, when iron wire diameter is identical, its tensile strength is inversely proportional with iron wire length, thus speculates the defects of iron wire
Its intensity is controlled, iron wire is longer, then volume is bigger, there is a possibility that larger defect is also bigger, intensity is also lower.Material and structure
Crackle in part or the defects of similar to crackle, it may be that in military service process under the collective effect of plus load and surrounding medium
Middle germinating, it is also possible to produced during material manufacture, such as the various metallurgical imperfections in casting, forging and welding structure
Deng.Actual situation about being just broken with defect component when first normal work loads is actually rare, because causing component
The defects of disposable fracture occurs be usually it is larger, it is this larger the defects of be easily found in nondestructive inspection.And it is present in
Nondestructive inspection in actual components material fails the small defect visited or crackle, during long-term military service, can because fatigue,
The reason such as stress corrosion and creep and extend, and finally occur in the case where normal work stress is typically below yield stress disconnected suddenly
Split.Because not being plastically deformed before fracture, no sign is visible, and fracture has sudden.Therefore, this extremely dangerous is broken
Split referred to as low stress brittle fracture.
Fracture toughness is one important mechanical performance index of material, and the test of fracture toughness of materials usually requires experiment and contained
There is precrack, prefabricated the usually requiring by fatigue experimental machine progress in advance for its precrack of the non brittle materials such as metal
System, in prefabrication process, fatigue tester usually requires experimenter and guarded precrack, is split by the way that visual observations are prefabricated
Whether line reaches requirement, and precision controlling is than relatively low.And generally carried out by two ways pre- for fragile material, its precrack
System：A kind of is manually to tap to make sample produce fatigue crack using sharp blade and small hammer, but percussion can not manually
Guarantee has tapped identical power each time, and prepared precrack direction has larger deviation, and in the process of percussion
In easily cause test specimen destroy scrap；Another kind is to carry out crackle by the alternate load of fatigue experiment room using fatigue tester
It is prefabricated, but the vibration of the fixture of fatigue experimental machine is more easy to make sample that damage inactivation occur in crackle prefabrication process, and splitting
, it is necessary to which someone guards always in line prefabrication process, the carelessness of operating personnel is easily caused that precrack is long, and test specimen turns into invalid examination
Part.
The content of the invention
The problem of based in the presence of technical background, the present invention propose a kind of fragile material fatigue crack prefabrication testing machine
Testing machine proposed by the present invention is mainly used for the prefabricated of fragile material fatigue crack, is counted using motor, laser
Instrument, pressure sensor, laser signal controller, overall structure is simple, is easily assembled realization, can be realized and split by PLC control system
The small size change of load in line prefabrication process, the low vibration of base, during the fatigue crack prefabrication for reducing fragile material
The probability of damage inactivation, and after corresponding load is set, guarded without operating personnel, when Crack Extension to designated length
When, laser signal controller can transfer signals to PLC control system, and console can close motor automatically, send alarm, prompt
Prepared by the fatigue crack of operating personnel's test specimen completes, and the energy input of operating personnel is same in crackle prefabrication process is reduced
When, improve the precision of fragile material fatigue precracking preparation and the success rate of qualified sample.
A kind of fragile material fatigue crack prefabrication testing machine, it is characterised in that：Described testing machine includes base and support
System, power output system, control system, position limitation protection, specimen holder system；All devices are fixed on pedestal, and motor is solid
It is scheduled on the support frame being connected with base, is threadedly attached on power transmission shaft, power transmission shaft is fixed on the bearing on support frame top
On, the whorl brace rod of welded bands impact bead among power transmission shaft；Control system includes motor switch, pressure sensor, laser meter
Number device, PCL controllers and PCL terminals, equipment in addition to PLC terminals by with motor identical fixed form, upper lower horizontal
It is fixed on motor on same root support bar；Impact bead is connected through a screw thread bar and is fixed in rotary shaft, keeps hanging down with position-limiting drum
Directly；Laser counter control terminal is fixed in the aluminium alloy panel containing insulating barrier of support frame connection, and motor switch, pressure pass
Sensor and laser counter control terminal are connected to PLC by PLC control system and control terminal, while PLC control system connects
Laser signal probe, the alarm of monitoring crack extension.
Characterized in that, described base and support system specifically includes：
Described power transmission shaft is fixed on the top of support frame by bearing, and an adjustable length spiral shell is welded among power transmission shaft
Line connecting rod, nitrile rubber impact bead is connected through a screw thread on whorl brace rod；Motor firm banking uses alloy-steel plate, passes through
Bolt connection；Two laser probes, PLC control systems are bolted on support frame, and are put between support frame
Put electro-insulating rubber pad, the laser probes of two kinds of not same-actions is bolted the specified location on steelframe respectively, and can be with
Carry out the regulation of upper-lower position；Supporting plate is connected with support frame by flange, and motor is bolted with supporting plate.
Characterized in that, described control system specifically includes：
Motor hand switch pressure sensor controls terminal；When sample crack length reaches designated length, crack length
Monitoring laser probe feeds back to the signal of PLC, and PLC can cut off motor power, while control pressure sensor
Load-time data in monocycle loading procedure is exported, counter stops counting.
Characterized in that, described limit protection system specifically includes：
Described position-limiting drum can be horizontal and adjusted up and down, impact bead crash panel, compression spring, hold-down support, pressure sensing
Device, pressure head are both needed to be arranged in position-limiting drum, and spacing tube inner surface needs to scribble certain lubricating oil；Described pressure sensor utilizes
Seccotine is bonded between pressure head and hold-down support；The material of described pressure head is the alloy in lightweight steel with greater stiffness.
Characterized in that, described specimen holder system specifically includes：
Described sample span support bar is fixed on sample pedestal, and both ends are provided with moveable limited bolt；Support frame welds
Testing machine pedestal is connected on, sample pedestal is bolted on testing machine pedestal.
It is characterized in that：The length for being applied through the bar that adjustment impact bead is connected of described different size fatigue load
Realized with the position of position-limiting drum.
It is relative that there is advantages below with prior art：
1. the present invention guards for a long time during fragile material fatigue crack prefabrication without operator, when precrack reaches
To designated length, testing machine can be automatically stopped and send alarm, can save the substantial amounts of energy of operating personnel while save reality
Test running cost.
2. the present invention can effectively improve very much the preparation precision of fragile material precrack and the success that precrack is prefabricated
Rate, improve the validity of fragile material fracture experiment result, and cost prepared by effectively save sample.
3. an experiment mechanism is simple, assembly cost is relatively low, has and is more widely applied prospect.
Brief description of the drawings
The structural representation that Fig. 1 present invention is implemented.
Embodiment
It is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings with specific embodiment.
Impact bead is struck on the steel plate of compression spring connection, and steel plate, which moves downward, makes spring deform, pressure sensing
Device control terminal can show corresponding pressure value, while pressure head can make the pressure transmission to fragile material at fragile material
In the state of three-point bending, different loads are realized by the length for the whorl brace rod for adjusting impact bead and the height of position-limiting drum
Fatigue loading.
Position-limiting drum is bolted on support frame, and position-limiting drum can prevent the overload of loading procedure from causing sample splitting
Destroyed in line prefabrication process.
Sample span support bar is fixed on sample pedestal, realizes the loading of different span fragile material samples, pedestal two
Moveable limited bolt is designed at end, prevents sample to be moved in loading procedure.
Support frame is welded on testing machine pedestal, and sample pedestal is bolted on testing machine pedestal, and two laser are visited
Head, PLC control system are bolted on support frame the placement electro-insulating rubber pad between support frame.
Embodiment：
The prefabricated testing machine overall structure diagram of fragile material crackle as shown in figure 1, it is overall include base and support system,
Power output system, control system, position limitation protection, specimen holder system.Support frame uses high strength steel, bearing 9 and power transmission shaft
10 are fixed on the top of support frame 12, and after the keep level of bearing both ends, the power transmission shaft of left end bearing is connected with motor 8, electricity
Machine is fixed in the supporting plate that support frame is connected.Supporting plate is connected with support frame by flange, and motor passes through spiral shell with supporting plate
Tether and connect.The laser probe 13,25 of two kinds of not same-actions is bolted the specified location on steelframe respectively, and can enter
The regulation of row upper-lower position.
Position-limiting drum 18 is bolted on support frame using what can be adjusted up and down.The use that position-limiting drum 18 is connected with support can
The whorl brace rod of left and right adjustment position.Bloom 15, compression spring 16, pressure head-spring hold-down support 19 are by being welded to connect, pressing
Force snesor 17 using high intensity gemel connection pressure head and with spring hold-down support among.Coated in position-limiting drum surrounding a certain amount of
After lubricating oil, 15,16,17,19,20 are put into position-limiting drum, position-limiting drum is adjusted to specified location, it is fixed.
Motor hand switch 1, pressure sensor terminal 2, laser counter terminal 3 are using after being bolted in fixed plate
After being fixed on support frame, by above three, alarm 6, laser probe 25, PLC control system 4 is coupled with, motor rotates just
Often, PLC control system normal work can carry out fragile material precrack and prepare experiment.
Before on-test, bloom sample is placed on fixture, position-limiting drum is first adjusted and connects impact bead whorl brace rod
Highly, whorl brace rod is can be manually rotated, the size of pressure sensor terminal pressure value is observed, according to real material test requirements document pressure
The impact bead of the size selection different quality of force value, adjusts the height of whorl brace rod and position-limiting drum, and pressure value meets that experiment will
Asking can be carried out in next step.
Fragile material sample is placed on support fixture, it is spacing to sample progress by sample limited bolt 21, prevent from splitting
Sample occurs left and right, slid back and forth in line prefabrication process, and pressure head is adjusted into sample centre position.
The position of laser probe 25 is adjusted, laser gets to the maximum position of crackle precast length, when Crack Extension is to requiring
Size, according to the change of laser signal intensity, PLC can close motor.
The position of laser probe 13 is adjusted, the whorl brace rod containing impact bead is rotated manually, it is specified to ensure that impact bead is gone to
Position laser counter has the change of registration.
The battery main switch of PLC control terminals 5 is opened, opening pressure sensor 12, laser probe 13 switch, and the above is all just
Often during work, motor switch is opened, the rotating speed of motor is adjusted by PLC terminals, carries out the system of fragile material fatigue precracking
It is standby.
When Crack Extension to designated length, the laser signal intensity of laser probe 25 can change, PLC control system meeting
Automatic cut-off motor power supply, alarm 6 send alarm, prompt the precrack of operator's sample to prepare and complete.
The times of fatigue of operator's recording laser counter terminal, a fatigue period fatigue is exported by pressure sensor
Load changes with time data.Change sample, you can carry out the prefabrication process of next sample fatigue crack.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. fragile material fatigue crack prefabrication testing machine, it is characterised in that：Described testing machine includes base and support system System, power output system, control system, position limitation protection, specimen holder system；All devices are fixed on pedestal, and motor is fixed On the support frame being connected with base, it is threadedly attached on power transmission shaft, power transmission shaft is fixed on the bearing on support frame top, The whorl brace rod of welded bands impact bead among power transmission shaft；Control system includes motor switch, pressure sensor, laser and counted Device, PCL controllers and PCL terminals, equipment in addition to PLC terminals by with motor identical fixed form, it is upper it is lower horizontal with Motor is fixed on same root support bar；Impact bead is connected through a screw thread bar and is fixed in rotary shaft, vertical with position-limiting drum holding； Laser counter control terminal is fixed in the aluminium alloy panel containing insulating barrier of support frame connection, motor switch, pressure sensing Device and laser counter control terminal are connected to PLC by PLC control system and control terminal, while PLC control system connection prison Survey laser signal probe, the alarm of Crack Extension.
- A kind of 2. fragile material fatigue crack prefabrication testing machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described base And support system specifically includes：Described power transmission shaft is fixed on the top of support frame by bearing, and the adjustable length screw thread of welding one connects among power transmission shaft Extension bar, nitrile rubber impact bead is connected through a screw thread on whorl brace rod；Motor firm banking uses alloy-steel plate, passes through bolt Connection；Two laser probes, PLC control systems are bolted on support frame, and are placed absolutely between support frame Edge rubber blanket, the laser probe of two kinds of not same-actions is bolted the specified location on steelframe respectively, and can carry out The regulation of upper-lower position；Supporting plate is connected with support frame by flange, and motor is bolted with supporting plate.
- A kind of 3. fragile material fatigue crack prefabrication testing machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described control System specifically includes：Described motor hand switch pressure sensor control terminal；When sample crack length reaches designated length, crackle length Degree monitoring laser probe feeds back to the signal of PLC, and PLC can cut off motor power, while control pressure senses Load-time data in device output monocycle loading procedure, counter stop counting.
- 4. a kind of fragile material fatigue crack prefabrication testing machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described is spacing Protection system specifically includes：Described position-limiting drum can be horizontal and adjusted up and down, impact bead crash panel, compression spring, hold-down support, pressure sensor, pressure Head is both needed to be arranged in position-limiting drum, and spacing tube inner surface needs to scribble certain lubricating oil；Described pressure sensor utilizes strength Gluing knot is between pressure head and hold-down support；The material of described pressure head is the alloy in lightweight steel with greater stiffness.
- A kind of 5. fragile material fatigue crack prefabrication testing machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described sample Chucking appliance system specifically includes：Described sample span support bar is fixed on sample pedestal, and both ends are provided with moveable limited bolt；Support frame is welded on Testing machine pedestal, sample pedestal are bolted on testing machine pedestal.
- A kind of 6. fragile material fatigue crack prefabrication testing machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described different size fatigue load is applied through the length of bar and the position of position-limiting drum that adjustment impact bead is connected Realize.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710722274.5A CN107607372B (en) | 2017-08-22 | 2017-08-22 | Brittle material fatigue crack prefabrication testing machine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710722274.5A CN107607372B (en) | 2017-08-22 | 2017-08-22 | Brittle material fatigue crack prefabrication testing machine |
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| CN107607372A true CN107607372A (en) | 2018-01-19 |
| CN107607372B CN107607372B (en) | 2020-12-25 |
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| CN201710722274.5A Active CN107607372B (en) | 2017-08-22 | 2017-08-22 | Brittle material fatigue crack prefabrication testing machine |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112004621A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2020-11-27 | 日立金属株式会社 | Amorphous metal ribbon, method for processing same, and method for producing laminate |
| CN112604994A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-06 | 宋莹莹 | Sorting device for waterproof roll sticks and working method of sorting device |
| CN116152216A (en) * | 2023-03-03 | 2023-05-23 | 北京理工大学 | Preparation method and equipment for fatigue sample of protective material based on neural network |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112004621A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2020-11-27 | 日立金属株式会社 | Amorphous metal ribbon, method for processing same, and method for producing laminate |
| CN112604994A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-06 | 宋莹莹 | Sorting device for waterproof roll sticks and working method of sorting device |
| CN116152216A (en) * | 2023-03-03 | 2023-05-23 | 北京理工大学 | Preparation method and equipment for fatigue sample of protective material based on neural network |
| CN116152216B (en) * | 2023-03-03 | 2023-08-25 | 北京理工大学 | Preparation method and equipment for fatigue sample of protective material based on neural network |
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