CN107601767A - A kind of zero-emission formula sewage disposal system and processing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a zero-discharge sewage treatment system, which includes sequential sedimentation tanks. The sedimentation tanks are connected to the purification and filtration loop through water pipes. The structure of the sedimentation tanks includes water inlet pipes arranged on the sedimentation tanks. A decanter is provided near the water delivery pipe in the sedimentation tank, and an emptying hole and a mud discharge hole are also provided in the relative position of the water inlet pipe. The sedimentation tank and the purification ring are arranged in the fish pond shore. Solve the problem of serious water pollution in fish ponds. The invention also discloses a sewage treatment method using the treatment system.

Description

A zero-discharge sewage treatment system and treatment method

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of fish pond pollution control, and relates to a zero-discharge sewage treatment system, and also relates to a water treatment method using the treatment system.

Background technique

Due to the large amount of fish farming in the box type, fish excrement and residual bait accumulate in large quantities, which will increase the growth of saprophytic bacteria, cause the deterioration of water quality, produce carbides, make the pool water dirty, green and smelly, affecting the view, Harmful to the health of fish. Moreover, it will cause a large number of green algae to multiply, consume the only oxygen in the pool, and make it easier for fish to be hypoxic. If the water is changed frequently, it will cause frequent changes in temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen, which will affect the reproduction and nitrification of beneficial fungi; excessive changes in water quality and water temperature will affect the growth of fish and endanger the health of fish.

Conventional high-density farming methods, the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and active phosphate increased by 7.3 and 10.3 times compared with ordinary ponds, causing pond water eutrophication, water quality COD exceeding the standard, harmful algae and bacteria excessive reproduction caused water quality deterioration, residual bait And feces accumulated at the bottom of the pond can not effectively decompose and oxidize to produce a variety of harmful factors. Bacterial infection and environmental stress caused by the deterioration of the aquatic animal environment have brought huge losses to the freshwater aquaculture industry. At the same time, the cost of pollution control in the later stage is relatively large.

Based on the above reasons and following the principles of "energy saving, emission reduction, pollution reduction, and efficiency enhancement", the project plans to treat and reuse box-type fish farming manure to improve the water quality of fish ponds and achieve zero discharge of wastewater.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the invention is to provide a zero-discharge sewage treatment system to solve the problem of serious water pollution in fish ponds.

The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a zero-discharge sewage treatment system, including sequential sedimentation tanks, the sedimentation tanks are connected to the purification and filtration loop through water pipes, and the structure of the sedimentation tanks includes The water inlet pipe on the pool, the position of the sedimentation tank close to the water delivery pipe is provided with a decanter, the relative position of the water inlet pipe is also provided with an emptying hole and a mud discharge hole, the sedimentation tank and the purification ring The roads are arranged on the bank of the fish pond.

The present invention is also characterized in that,

The purification and filtration ring road includes four sections of corridors arranged in parallel, and these four sections of corridors are connected in sequence, and each section of corridors adopts a different filtration and purification structure. The four sections of corridors are respectively: horizontal subsurface flow wetland corridor A, horizontal subsurface flow wetland corridor B, horizontal subsurface flow wetland corridor C, horizontal subsurface flow wetland corridor D.

The corridor A of the horizontal subsurface flow wetland is a filter brush area, and its structure is shown in the figure. In this section, a filter brush group is set. The filter brush group is set every 10 cm, and each group has 10 hair brushes. Each group of brushes is hung on the side wall of the horizontal subsurface wetland corridor A through holes in angle iron or plastic pipes, forming a 4-meter brush filtering area.

The filter brush adopts a cross hair brush with a diameter of 12cm and a length of 80cm, and the area is covered with a black shading plate.

The horizontal underflow wetland corridor B is a biochemical cotton purification area, and one piece is set every meter in the length direction of the horizontal underflow wetland corridor B, with an interval of 30 cm, forming a 4-meter biological cotton filtration purification area.

The size of the biochemical cotton is 1m*1m and the thickness is 20cm, which is divided into transparent biochemical cotton and rattan cotton. The bio-cotton is colonized to form a nitrifying bacteria film to purify water quality. The bottom of the corridor is laid with quartz sand and ceramsite.

The horizontal subsurface wetland corridor C is a microbial floating cloth area, and a plurality of microbial floating cloths are arranged at this position, and the described microbial floating cloths are suspended and fixed in the corridor by using angle iron or plastic pipes. The lower end of the cloth is filled with sand and soil in a plastic pipe to make it hang vertically in the water. Between the plurality of microbial floating cloths, intervals are arranged in a staggered manner.

The size of the microbial floating cloth is 0.8m wide and 60cm high. The microbial floating cloth is made of permeable geotextile.

The horizontal underflow wetland corridor D is a ceramsite emergent plant planting section, which is filled with large-scale and medium-size mixed ceramsite, and the ceramsite is partitioned by hollow brick walls. The bottom is laid with two layers of hollow bricks, and 50cm ceramsite is laid on the top.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a filtering method using a simple zero-discharge fish pond sewage treatment system.

Another technical solution of the present invention is that the filtration method carried out by a simple zero-discharge fish pond sewage treatment system belongs to the indirect purification method, and is specifically implemented according to the following steps:

Step 1, use pumping equipment to pump water ashore, let the sewage enter the sedimentation tank in Figure 1 for sedimentation, first remove leaves, garbage and other large suspended solids by screen filtration, and use physical sedimentation technology to further remove suspended solids;

Step 2, the sewage after sedimentation flows through the purification loop,

The purification loop includes four parts, which are horizontal underflow wetland corridor A, horizontal underflow wetland corridor B, horizontal underflow wetland corridor C, and horizontal underflow wetland corridor D. The purification loop is made of thick plastic For the drainage pipe, cut off 1/3 of the upper part of the pipe horizontally, lay quartz sand and ceramsite at the bottom of the pipe, and plant evergreen aquatic plants with well-developed root system in sections on the water surface of the upper part of the pipe.

In step 3, the treated water re-flows into the fish pond from the water outlet of the horizontal subsurface flow wetland corridor to complete the purification process of the fish pond sewage.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the zero-discharge sewage treatment system and method of the present invention have simple structure, convenient operation and strong practicability. The water is pumped ashore through the filtration method, passes through the sedimentation tank, and the filtration ring is used to settle and filter the sewage, so that the sewage can be returned to the pool after being filtered. The recirculating aquaculture system that forms a semi-enclosed energy-saving and emission-reducing self-purification system solves the long-standing problem of lack of effective fish manure treatment methods in the aquaculture industry, which leads to serious water pollution, and forms a semi-enclosed energy-saving emission reduction system. The circulating aquaculture system of the self-purification system realizes zero discharge of sewage.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of sewage treatment system of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the sedimentation tank in the sewage treatment system of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the filter brush area in the sewage treatment system of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the filter biochemical cotton in the sewage treatment system of the present invention;

Figure 5-1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the biological floating cloth area in the sewage treatment system of the present invention;

Fig. 5-2 is the schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the biological floating cloth area in the sewage treatment system of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the purification zone of ceramsite emergent plants in the sewage treatment system of the present invention.

In the figure, 1. Sedimentation tank, 2. Decanter, 3. Water inlet area, 4. Water outlet area, 5. Water delivery pipe, 6. Purification and filtration loop, 31. Water inlet pipe, 32. Empty valve, 33. Mud discharge valve, 41. Outlet pipe, 51. Valve A, 52. Valve B, 61. Horizontal underflow wetland corridor A, 62. Horizontal underflow wetland corridor B, 63. Horizontal underflow wetland corridor C, 64. Horizontal underflow wetland corridor Wetland corridor D, 611. Brush group, 631. Microbial floating cloth, 632. Fixing device, 641. Water ceramsite, 642. Hollow brick.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The zero-discharge sewage treatment system of the present invention includes a settling tank 1 in sequence, and the settling tank 1 is connected with the purification and filtration loop 6 through a water delivery pipe,

The structure of described sedimentation tank, as shown in Figure 2, comprises the water inlet pipe 31 that is arranged on the sedimentation tank, and described sedimentation tank is provided with a decanter 2 near the position of water delivery pipe 5, and the described water inlet pipe 31 The relative position is also provided with an emptying hole 32 and a mud hole 33. The emptying hole is used for the cleaning of the emptying hole, and it is not used at ordinary times. The described mud hole 33 is used for cleaning after a long time For regular mud discharge, the sedimentation tank is provided with a screen for filtering larger impurities in the water flowing out of the water inlet pipe.

The purification and filtration ring 6 includes four sections of corridors arranged in parallel, and these four sections of corridors are connected in sequence, and each section of corridors adopts a different filtration and purification structure to treat sewage sequentially.

The four sections of corridors are: horizontal underflow wetland corridor A61, horizontal underflow wetland corridor B62, horizontal underflow wetland corridor C63, and horizontal underflow wetland corridor D64.

Wherein, the horizontal underflow wetland corridor A61 is a filter brush area, and its structure is shown in Figure 3. In this section, a filter brush group 611 is arranged, and the filter brush group 611 is arranged in a group every 10 cm. Every group of 10 hairbrush, described hairbrush is made of non-toxic food grade polyethylene material, and filter hairbrush adopts the cross hairbrush of diameter 12cm, long 80cm. Each group of brushes is hung on the side wall of the horizontal subsurface flow wetland corridor A61 through angle iron or plastic pipe holes to form a 4-meter brush filtering area, which is covered with black shading boards. The brush mainly filters organic suspended solids and colonizes nitrifying bacteria, and is convenient for extracting and washing suspended solids.

The horizontal underflow wetland corridor B62 is a biochemical cotton purification area, as shown in Figure 4: the size of the biochemical cotton is 1m*1m and the thickness is 20cm, and it is divided into transparent biochemical cotton and rattan cotton. Set up one block for each meter in the length direction of the horizontal subsurface flow wetland corridor B62. 30cm apart. A 4-meter bio-cotton filter purification zone is formed. The bio-cotton is colonized to form a nitrifying bacteria film to purify water quality.

The bottom of the corridor is laid with quartz sand and ceramsite.

The horizontal subsurface flow wetland corridor C63 is a microbial floating cloth area. As shown in FIG. 5 , a plurality of microbial floating cloths are arranged at this position. The size of the microbial floating cloths is 0.8m wide and 60cm high. The microbial floating cloth is suspended and fixed in the corridor by using a fixing device 632 (such as an angle iron or a plastic pipe). The microbial floating cloth is made of a permeable geotextile, and the lower end of the floating cloth is filled with sand in a plastic pipe. Make it hang vertically in the water.

The plurality of microbial floating cloths 631 are arranged in a staggered manner with an interval of 50 cm. Make the water flow bend and flow between the floating cloths. The microbial group carrier is formed, so that the water flow can fully contact with the floating cloth microbial group when passing through the floating plates, and the decomposition, absorption and transformation of ammonia nitrogen organic matter in the water by microorganisms can be improved.

The horizontal subsurface flow wetland corridor D64 is the planting section of ceramsite emergent plants: as shown in Figure 6, it is filled with large-scale and medium-scale mixed water ceramsite 641, and the ceramsite is separated by hollow brick walls. Two layers of hollow bricks 642 are laid on the bottom, and 50cm ceramsite is laid on the top. And plant evergreen aquatic plants with well-developed root system in sections in the corridor. Utilize the roots of emergent aquatic plants to absorb nitrogen and phosphorus organic matter dissolved in water. Emerging aquatic plant varieties in evergreen landscape are arranged in sections in this section, such as water onion, calamus, and centrum, etc. are selected.

The filtration method of the present invention using a zero-discharge sewage treatment system is characterized in that it belongs to the indirect purification method, and is specifically implemented according to the following steps:

Step 1. Use pumping equipment to pump water ashore, and let the sewage enter the sedimentation tank in Figure 1 for sedimentation. Screen filtration first removes large suspended solids such as leaves and garbage, and then uses physical sedimentation technology to further remove suspended solids.

Step 2, the sewage after sedimentation flows through the purification loop,

The purification loop includes four parts, which are the horizontal underflow wetland corridor A61, the horizontal underflow wetland corridor B62, the horizontal underflow wetland corridor C63, and the horizontal underflow wetland corridor D64. The purification loop is made of thick plastic For the drainage pipe, cut off 1/3 of the upper part of the pipe horizontally, lay quartz sand and ceramsite at the bottom of the pipe, and plant evergreen aquatic plants with well-developed root system in sections on the water surface of the upper part of the pipe.

Step 3, the treated water reflows into the fish pond from the water outlet of the horizontal subsurface flow wetland corridor 4 in Fig. 1 to complete the purification process of the fish pond sewage.

The sedimentation tank and the horizontal underflow wetland corridor are arranged on the bank of the fish pond to facilitate sewage inhalation and filtration. The quartz sand filtration mainly removes fine suspended organic matter and nutrients such as N and P, and has the characteristics of small filtration resistance, large specific surface area, strong acid and alkali resistance, and good pollution resistance. It can effectively remove suspended solids in water, and has obvious removal effect on colloids, iron, organic matter, pesticides, manganese, bacteria, viruses and other pollutants in water. It has the advantages of fast filtration speed, high filtration precision and large sewage interception capacity. At the same time, the root system of emergent aquatic plants is used to absorb nitrogen and phosphorus organic matter dissolved in water, and evergreen landscape emergent aquatic plant species are arranged in the horizontal subsurface flow wetland corridor, such as water onion, calamus, and chrysanthemum, etc. are selected.

The beneficial effect of the invention is that it can solve the long-standing problems of pond water quality deterioration in the pond culture mode, difficulty in purifying and remediating the culture water quality, high incidence of fish diseases, power consumption and water consumption.

Claims (10)

1. A zero discharge type sewage treatment system is characterized in that, comprises settling tank (1) successively, and described settling tank (1) is connected with purifying filter loop (6) by water delivery pipe, and the described settling tank structure, including the water inlet pipe (31) arranged on the sedimentation tank, a decanter (2) is arranged at the position close to the water delivery pipe (5) of the sedimentation tank, and the relative position of the water inlet pipe (31) is also set There is an emptying hole (32) and a mud discharging hole (33), and the sedimentation tank (1) and the purification loop (6) are arranged on the bank of the fish pond. 2. The zero-discharge sewage treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, said purifying and filtering loop (6) comprises four sections of corridors arranged in parallel, and these four sections of corridors are connected in sequence, each section of corridors Different filtering and purification structures are adopted in the corridor, and the four sections of corridors are respectively: horizontal underflow wetland corridor A (61), horizontal underflow wetland corridor B (62), horizontal underflow wetland corridor C (63), horizontal underflow wetland corridor C (63), horizontal underflow wetland corridor Wetland Corridor D(64). 3. The zero-discharge sewage treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that, the horizontal underflow wetland corridor A (61) is a filter brush area, and a filter brush group ( 611), the filter brush group (611) is provided with a group every 10cm, each group has 10 hair brushes, and each group of hair brushes is hung on the horizontal underflow wetland corridor A (61) by punching holes in angle irons or plastic pipes On the side wall of the filter, a brush filter area of 4 meters is formed. 4. The zero-discharge sewage treatment system according to claim 3, wherein the filter brush is a cross-hair brush with a diameter of 12 cm and a length of 80 cm, and the area is covered with a black shading plate. 5. The zero-discharge sewage treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that, the horizontal underflow wetland corridor B (62) is a biochemical cotton purification area, and the length of the horizontal underflow wetland corridor B (62) One piece is set every meter in the direction, with an interval of 30cm, forming a 4-meter bio-cotton filtration and purification area. 6. The zero-discharge sewage treatment system according to claim 5, wherein the biochemical cotton has a size of 1m*1m and a thickness of 20cm, and is divided into transparent biochemical cotton and rattan cotton. The bio-cotton is colonized to form a nitrifying bacteria film to purify the water quality, and the bottom of the corridor is laid with quartz sand and ceramsite. 7. The zero-discharge sewage treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that, the horizontal subsurface flow wetland corridor C (63) is a microbial floating cloth area, and a plurality of microbial floating cloths are arranged at this position, so that The above-mentioned microbial floating cloth (631) is suspended and fixed in the corridor by using a fixing device (632). The intervals are staggered. 8. The zero-discharge sewage treatment system according to claim 7, characterized in that the size of the microbial floating cloth is 0.8m in width and 60cm in height. The microbial floating cloth (631) is made of permeable geotextile, and the fixing device (632) is a plastic pipe or an angle iron. 9. The zero-discharge sewage treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that, the horizontal underflow wetland corridor D (64) is a section for planting ceramsite emergent plants, in which a mixture of large and medium sizes is filled Water (641) ceramsite, ceramsite is partitioned by hollow brick walls, two layers of hollow bricks (642) are laid on the bottom, and 50cm ceramsite is laid on the top. 10. The filtration method carried out by a simple zero-discharge fish pond sewage treatment system belongs to the indirect purification method, and is characterized in that it is specifically implemented according to the following steps: Step 1, use pumping equipment to pump water ashore, let the sewage enter the sedimentation tank in Figure 1 for sedimentation, first remove leaves, garbage and other large suspended solids by screen filtration, and use physical sedimentation technology to further remove suspended solids; Step 2, the sewage after sedimentation flows through the purification loop, The purification loop includes four parts, which are the horizontal underflow wetland corridor A (61), the horizontal underflow wetland corridor B (62), the horizontal underflow wetland corridor C (63), the horizontal underflow wetland corridor D (64 ), the purification loop adopts a thick plastic drainage pipe, and the upper part of the pipe is horizontally cut off by 1/3, and quartz sand and ceramsite are laid on the bottom of the pipe, and evergreen aquatic plants with well-developed roots are planted in sections on the water surface of the upper part of the pipe. plant. Step 3, the treated water reflows into the fish pond from the water outlet of the horizontal subsurface flow wetland corridor 4 in Fig. 1 to complete the purification process of the fish pond sewage.