CN107558533A - Mountainous areas rainwater energy electricity generation system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of Mountainous areas rainwater energy electricity generation system and method, including two kinds of forms of open tunnel type and pressure type.Mountainous areas rainwater energy electricity generation system makes full use of the physical features rainwater potential energy of Mountainous areas, rainwater resource is developed and is combined with hydroelectric generation, formed in " rainwater power station ", the comprehensive utilization of rainwater resource can be effectively realized, has the advantages that simple in construction, environment-friendly, economic and social benefit is notable.Used open diversion canal has the advantages that low investment and convenient construction with spiral case, and caused spiral case effect improves flow rate of water flow, and then improves generating efficiency；Water tank has pressure regulation and water storage dual-use function, so as to reduce the complexity of rain water electricity generating, reduces the cost of investment of rain water electricity generating facility.

Description

Rainwater and rain energy power generation system and method in mountainous and hilly areas

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of water resource development and renewable energy utilization, in particular to a rainwater and rain energy power generation system and method in mountainous and hilly areas.

Background technique

People's fear of flooding triggered their reconstruction and channelization of rivers. Flood disasters in the United States are relatively frequent. For more than half a century, rainwater utilization methods have mainly been engineering methods, including channelized rivers, raised flood control dams, and so on. There are also a large number of flood control dams and flood discharge channels built for the sole purpose of flood control in our country. However, with the investment of these funds and the reconstruction of rivers, flood disasters have not been reduced, but have doubled. This has led many scholars to gradually realize the insufficiency of engineering measures, and propose that they should rely more on non-engineering measures and use rainwater Combined with land planning, urban construction and ecological environment protection.

Germany is one of the best countries in Europe to carry out rainwater utilization projects. At present, German rainwater utilization technology has entered the stage of standardization and industrialization. In Australia, parking lots and sidewalks near many newly developed residential areas are paved with highly permeable floor tiles, and underground water storage pipe networks are built underground. On the newly built road, there are even reserved water holes under the trees on both sides of the road. The rainwater on the road does not flow into the sewer, but is directly stored into the water pond under the trees through the water holes beside the road. Japan's urban rainwater resource utilization is the earliest in Asia. In Singapore, known as a "Garden City" and "Garden Country", there are trees, flowers and plants everywhere, whether it is on both sides of the road, around the street, by the sea or around the buildings. These greens are automatically watered, and all have rainwater utilization devices.

The idea of rainwater resource utilization in our country has a long history. From the "Karez Well" in Xinjiang to the "inverted trapezoidal bricks and water collection culvert" rainwater utilization project in Beihai Tuancheng, Beijing, they are all models of ancient rainwater utilization. However, compared with the large-scale utilization of urban rainwater resources in developed countries, there are obvious gaps in research and engineering experience in the fields of urban rainwater retention, storage and utilization, and artificial infiltration and replenishment of groundwater in China, which require more attention and in-depth research. Research, continuous summary and improvement in application. All in all, most of the utilization of rainwater resources at home and abroad is still in the natural function of water resources, and the comprehensive utilization combined with hydropower needs to attract more attention.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a system and method for generating rainwater and rain energy in mountainous and hilly areas.

The rainwater rain energy power generation system in mountainous and hilly areas adopts open channel design, including house roofs, road surfaces, roof headers, inspection well covers, sumps, road headers, header branches, header headers, water diversion channels, and overflow holes , volute, draft pipe, generator, runner, water guiding parts, output line, control gate, retaining wall, roof foundation, sump foundation, collecting branch pipe foundation, water diversion channel foundation, hydroelectric generator foundation, inspection well Cover the trash rack and the trash rack of the sump tank, the roof of the house and the sump are connected through the roof header, the road surface and the sump are connected through the road collector, and the sump, the branch pipe and the water diversion channel are connected through the main collector. One end of the water diversion open channel connected to the collecting main is provided with a water retaining wall, the other end of the water diversion open channel is connected with the volute, a control gate is set between the water diversion open channel and the volute, and an overflow is provided on the upper part of the water retaining wall and the volute. The flow hole is provided with a hydro-generator at the center of the volute. The hydro-generator includes a generator, a runner, and a water-guiding component. A draft tube is provided at the bottom of the hydro-generator, and an output line is provided on the generator. The roof of the house is built on the foundation of the roof, the sump is built on the foundation of the sump, the collecting branch pipe is built on the foundation of the collecting branch pipe, the open water diversion channel is built on the foundation of the open water diversion channel, and the hydro-generator is built on the hydro-generator foundation.

Preferably, the manhole cover is provided with a manhole cover trash rack, and the sump is provided with a sump trash rack.

Another kind of rainwater and rain energy power generation system in mountainous and hilly areas adopts pressure design, including house roof, ground, roof header, inspection well cover, sump, ground header, header branch, header header, water tank, retaining Water walls, overflow holes, diversion pipes, water diversion control valves for hydraulic turbines, hydraulic generators, tailraces, output lines, roof foundations, sump foundations, branch pipe foundations, water tank foundations, turbine generator foundations, manhole cover barriers The trash grid is connected to the trash rack of the sump, the roof of the house is connected to the sump through the roof header, the road surface is connected to the sump through the road manifold, the sump, the branch pipe and the water tank are connected through the main manifold, and the water tank It is connected with the water turbine generator through the water diversion pipe, the inside of the water tank is provided with a water retaining wall, the upper part of the water tank is provided with an overflow hole, the water diversion pipe is provided with a water diversion control valve for the turbine, and the water turbine generator is provided with a tail water channel and an output line The roof of the house is built on the roof foundation, the sump is built on the foundation of the sump, the collecting branch is built on the foundation of the collecting branch, the water tank is built on the water tank foundation, and the hydro-generator is built on the hydro-generator foundation.

Preferably, the manhole cover is provided with a manhole cover trash rack, and the sump is provided with a sump trash rack.

As an optimization of the above-mentioned open channel type and pressure type design schemes, a certain ground gradient is maintained between the water inlet and the water outlet of the header.

The rainwater and rain energy power generation method in mountainous and hilly areas using the above-mentioned open channel power generation system, the steps are as follows: when it rains, the roof and the ground of the house are used to collect rainwater at the same time, and the rainwater is collected into the sump through the roof header and the road header respectively. The rainwater collected along the way merges with the collecting main pipe through the collecting branch pipe, and is introduced into the diversion open channel together, enters the volute through the control gate control, and then uses the water flow to push the runner to drive the generator to generate electricity through the water guiding part. After power generation, the tail The water is discharged through the draft pipe and discharged into the nearest reservoir, pond or water storage facility for further collection and utilization, or discharged into the sewer for disposal; the manhole cover and the sump are respectively equipped with a manhole cover trash rack and a sump stop The sewage grid is used to prevent debris from entering the rainwater and rain energy power generation system; when the water level of the diversion channel and the volute exceeds the upper limit, the excess rainwater will overflow from the overflow hole, and this part of the rainwater will be collected and used or discarded; When the flow is less than the minimum power generation flow, the control gate is closed; the rainwater finally stored in the diversion open channel can be used by users.

The rainwater and rain energy power generation method in mountainous and hilly areas using the above-mentioned pressurized power generation system, the steps are as follows: when it rains, the roof and the ground of the house are used to collect rainwater at the same time, and the rainwater is collected into the sump through the roof header and the road header respectively. The rainwater collected along the way merges with the main collector through the collecting branch pipe, and is collected into the water tank together. When the water level in the water tank reaches the working water level, the water diversion control valve of the hydraulic turbine is opened, and the accumulated rainwater drives the hydroelectric generator to generate electricity. The electric energy is transmitted to the user through the output line, and the tail water after power generation is discharged through the tail water channel and discharged into the nearest reservoir, pond or water storage facility for further collection and utilization, or discharged into the sewer for disposal; when the water tank is full , the excess rainwater overflows from the overflow hole, and this part of the rainwater is collected and used or discarded; when the collection flow of the header pipe is less than the diversion flow of the hydro-generator, close the water diversion control valve of the hydro-turbine, and the hydro-generator stops working; The inspection manhole cover and the sump are respectively equipped with a manhole cover trash rack and a sump sump trash rack to prevent sundries from entering the rainwater rain energy power generation system; the water entering the water tank first passes through the retaining wall to effectively weaken the inertia of the water flow Function, to avoid damage to the pipeline caused by the water hammer effect.

The invention makes full use of the terrain potential energy in mountainous and hilly areas, combines the development of rainwater resources with hydropower generation, and forms a "rainwater power station", which can effectively realize the comprehensive utilization of rainwater resources, and has the advantages of simple structure, environmental friendliness, remarkable economic and social benefits, etc. It has great research and promotion value under the background of energy conservation, emission reduction and water resource crisis. The water diversion open channel and volute adopted in the present invention have the advantages of low investment and convenient construction, and the generated volute effect increases the flow rate of water flow, thereby improving the power generation efficiency; the water tank has dual functions of pressure regulation and water storage, thereby reducing rainwater power generation The complexity reduces the investment cost of rainwater power generation facilities.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an open channel rainwater and rain energy power generation system in a mountainous and hilly area;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a pressure-type rainwater and rain energy power generation system in mountainous and hilly areas.

detailed description

Rainwater and rain energy power generation systems in mountainous and hilly areas include open channel type and pressure type.

As shown in Figure 1, the open channel rainwater and rain energy power generation system in mountainous and hilly areas includes house roof 1, road surface 2, roof collector pipe 3, manhole cover 4, water collection pool 5, road surface collector pipe 6, collector branch pipe 7, Collecting main pipe 8, water diversion channel 9, overflow hole 10, volute 11, draft pipe 12, generator 13, runner 14, water guiding part 15, output line 16, control gate 17, retaining wall 18, roof foundation 19. The sump foundation 20, the collection branch pipe foundation 21, the water diversion channel foundation 22, the turbine generator foundation 23, the manhole cover trash rack 24, the sump trash rack 25, the house roof 1 and the sump 5 collect water through the roof The pipes 3 are connected, the road surface 2 is connected with the water collecting tank 5 through the road surface collecting pipe 6, the water collecting tank 5, the collecting branch pipe 7 and the open water diversion channel 9 are connected through the main collecting pipe 8, and the near end of the open water diversion channel 9 is provided with a water retaining The wall 18, the far end of the diversion open channel 9 is connected with the volute 11, the control gate 17 is provided between the diversion open channel 9 and the volute 11, the water retaining wall 18 and the upper part of the volute 11 are provided with an overflow hole 10, in the volute The center of 11 is provided with a hydraulic generator, which includes a generator 13, a runner 14, and a water guide member 15. A draft tube 12 is provided at the bottom of the hydraulic generator, and an output line 16 is provided on the generator. The house roof 1 is built on the roof foundation 19, the sump 5 is built on the foundation 20 of the sump, the collecting branch pipe 7 is built on the collecting branch foundation 21, the water diversion open channel 9 is built on the water diversion open channel foundation 22, and the hydroelectric generator is built On the hydroelectric generator foundation 23, the inspection shaft cover 4 is provided with an inspection shaft cover trash rack 24, and the sump 5 is provided with a sump trash rack 25.

As shown in Figure 2, the rainwater and rain energy power generation system in the pressure-type mountainous and hilly areas includes a house roof 1, a ground 2, a roof header 3, a manhole cover 4, a water collection pool 5, a ground header 6, a collector branch 7, a collector Flow main pipe 8, water tank 9, water retaining wall 10, overflow hole 11, water diversion pipe 12, water turbine water diversion control valve 13, water turbine generator 14, tail water channel 15, output line 16, roof foundation 17, sump foundation 18, Collector branch foundation 19, water tank foundation 20, hydro-generator foundation 21, manhole cover trash rack 22 and sump trash rack 23, house roof 1 and sump 5 are connected through roof header 3, road surface 2 and sump The sump 5 is connected by the road collector 6, the sump 5, the manifold branch 7 are connected with the water tank 9 by the manifold 8, the water tank 9 is connected with the water turbine generator 14 by the diversion pipe 12, and the interior of the water tank 9 is There is a water retaining wall 10, an overflow hole 11 is provided on the top of the water tank 9, a hydraulic turbine water diversion control valve 13 is provided on the water diversion pipe 12, a tail water channel 15 and an output line 16 are provided on the hydraulic turbine generator 14, and the roof of the house is built. On the roof foundation 17, the water collecting tank 5 is built on the water collecting tank foundation 18, the collecting branch pipe 7 is built on the collecting branch pipe foundation 19, the water tank 9 is built on the water tank foundation 20, and the water turbine generator 14 is built on the water turbine generator On the foundation 21, the manhole cover 4 is provided with a manhole cover trash rack 22, and the sump 5 is provided with a sump trash rack 23.

The method of rainwater and rain energy power generation in mountainous and hilly areas of the open channel power generation system includes two forms: open channel type and pressure type. Among them, the characteristic of the open channel type is that when it rains, the roof 1 and the ground 2 of the house are used to collect rainwater at the same time, and the rainwater is collected into the sump 5 through the roof header 3 and the road header 6 respectively, and the rainwater collected along the way passes through the collector branch. 7 merges with the collecting main pipe 8, and is introduced into the water diversion channel 9 together, and enters the volute 11 through the control gate 17, and then uses the water flow to push the runner 14 to drive the generator 13 to generate electricity through the water guide part 15, and the tail water after power generation Discharge through the draft pipe 12, discharge into the nearest reservoir, pond or water storage facility, for further collection and utilization, or discharge into the sewer and discard; the inspection shaft cover 4 and the sump 5 are respectively provided with inspection shaft cover trash rack 24 and The sump trash rack 25 can prevent leaves, etc. from entering the rainwater rain energy power generation system; when the water level of the water diversion channel 9 and the volute 11 exceeds the upper limit, the excess rainwater will overflow from the overflow hole 10, and this part of rainwater can be collected and utilized or discarded. When the flow of open water diversion channel 9 is less than the minimum power generation flow, the control gate 17 is closed; the rainwater stored in open water diversion channel 9 can be used by users at last.

The rainwater and rain energy power generation method of the pressure type power generation system in mountainous and hilly areas is: when it rains, the roof 1 and the ground 2 of the house are used to collect rainwater at the same time, and the rainwater is collected into the sump 5 through the roof header 3 and the road header 6 respectively. The rainwater collected along the way merges with the main collecting pipe 8 through the collecting branch pipe 7 and is collected into the water tank 9 together. When the water level in the water tank 9 reaches the working water level, the water diversion control valve 13 of the water turbine is opened, and the accumulated rainwater drives the water wheel to generate electricity Generator 14 generates electricity, and the electric energy sent is transmitted to the user through the output line 16, and the tail water after power generation is discharged through the tail water channel 15, and discharged into the nearest reservoir, pond or water storage facility for further collection and utilization, or discharged into the sewer Abandoned; when the water tank 9 was full, the excess rainwater overflowed from the overflow hole 11, and this part of the rainwater was collected and utilized or discarded; when the collection flow of the collecting main pipe 8 was less than the diversion flow of the hydroelectric generator 14, the water turbine was closed Water diversion control valve 13, hydroelectric generator 14 stop work; Inspection shaft cover 4 and sump 5 are respectively provided with inspection shaft cover trash rack 24 and sump sump trash rack 25, can prevent that leaves etc. from entering rainwater rain energy generation system; Enter The water flow in the water tank 9 passes through the water retaining wall 10 first, which can effectively weaken the inertial effect of the water flow, and avoid damage to the pipeline caused by the water hammer effect.

The present invention selects mountainous and hilly areas with sufficient terrain, first transforms houses and ground rainwater pipes, lays roof and road surface collecting pipes and rainwater collecting pipes, connects the collecting pipes to the sump, and then connects the collecting pipes to the In the collecting main, the hydroelectric generator is connected to the collecting main through the diversion channel or the water tank, thus forming a "rainwater power station". Collecting pipes can be replaced by collecting open channels. When selecting the site of the present invention, sufficient catchment area and certain terrain gradient should be considered, and a certain ground gradient should be maintained between the water inlet and the water outlet of the collecting main pipe. In order to increase the water collection area, the roof and the ground of adjacent houses can be connected through pipes and then collected on the collecting pipe; when implementing, a certain submersion depth at the bottom of the draft pipe should be ensured. When the rainfall comes, use the diversion channel or water tank to collect rainwater. As long as the rainfall reaches a certain scale and the water level reaches a certain value, you can open the control gate or the water diversion control valve of the turbine to drive the runner to generate electricity and collect rainwater resources. Comprehensive utilization of rainwater and rain energy resources.

In order to effectively prevent leaves, etc. from falling into the rainwater rain energy power generation system, etc., a trash rack is provided at the entrance of each water flow pipe; the invention is especially suitable for mountainous and hilly areas with a certain slope, and can also be applied to plain areas with a certain drop The outlet of rainwater pipes; it is suitable for both rural areas and cities; it can be combined with surrounding hydropower stations or form an independent "rainwater power station" system.

Claims (7)

1. A kind of 1. Mountainous areas rainwater energy electricity generation system, it is characterised in that designed using open tunnel type, including house room Face, road surface, roofing header, inspection well cover, collecting-tank, road surface header, afflux branch pipe, afflux house steward, open diversion canal, overflow Hole, spiral case, draft tube, generator, runner, water-guiding element, outlet line, regulating gate, waterwall, roofing ground, collecting-tank Ground, afflux branch pipe ground, open diversion canal ground, hydrogenerator ground, inspection well cover trash rack, collecting-tank trash rack, house Roofing is connected with collecting-tank by roofing header, and road surface is connected with collecting-tank by road surface header, collecting-tank, afflux Branch pipe is connected with open diversion canal by afflux house steward, and one end that open diversion canal is connected with afflux house steward is provided with waterwall, diversion The open channel other end is connected with spiral case, is provided with regulating gate between open diversion canal and spiral case, and the top of waterwall and spiral case is provided with Spout hole, hydrogenerator is provided with the center of spiral case, hydrogenerator includes generator, runner, water-guiding element, in water wheels Generating motor spindle is provided with draft tube, and outlet line is provided with generator, and housing roof is built on roofing ground, and collecting-tank is built in On collecting-tank ground, afflux branch pipe is built on afflux branch pipe ground, and open diversion canal is built on open diversion canal ground, hydrogenerator It build on hydrogenerator ground.
2. 2. Mountainous areas rainwater energy electricity generation system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that on described inspection well cover Provided with inspection well cover trash rack, collecting-tank is provided with collecting-tank trash rack.
3. A kind of 3. Mountainous areas rainwater energy electricity generation system, it is characterised in that designed using pressure type, including house room Face, ground, roofing header, inspection well cover, collecting-tank, ground header, afflux branch pipe, afflux house steward, water tank, waterwall, overflow Discharge orifice, aqueduct, hydraulic turbine diversion control valve, hydrogenerator, tail water road, outlet line, roofing ground, collecting-tank ground, Afflux branch pipe ground, water tank ground, hydrogenerator ground, inspection well cover trash rack and collecting-tank trash rack, housing roof and collection Pond is connected by roofing header, and road surface is connected with collecting-tank by road surface header, collecting-tank, afflux branch pipe and water Case is connected by afflux house steward, and water tank is connected with hydrogenerator by aqueduct, and waterwall, water tank are provided with inside water tank Top is provided with spout hole, and hydraulic turbine diversion control valve is provided with aqueduct, tail water road and output are provided with hydrogenerator Circuit, housing roof are built on roofing ground, and collecting-tank is built on collecting-tank ground, and afflux branch pipe build afflux branch pipe ground in On, water tank is built on water tank ground, and hydrogenerator is built on hydrogenerator ground.
4. 4. Mountainous areas rainwater energy electricity generation system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that on described inspection well cover Provided with inspection well cover trash rack, collecting-tank is provided with collecting-tank trash rack.
5. 5. the Mountainous areas rainwater energy electricity generation system as described in claim 1 or 3, it is characterised in that described afflux Certain ground gradient is kept between the water inlet and delivery port of house steward.
6. A kind of 6. Mountainous areas rainwater energy electricity-generating method using system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Drop During rain, while housing roof and surface collection rainwater are utilized, rainwater is pooled to by roofing header and road surface header respectively In collecting-tank, the rainwater being collected on the way is converged by afflux branch pipe and afflux house steward, is introduced into the lump in open diversion canal, through control Gate control enters spiral case, then drives generator to be generated electricity using water jet propulsion runner by water-guiding element, the tail after generating Water is discharged by draft tube, is discharged into reservoir nearby, pond or storing facilities of water, for further Collection utilization, or is discharged into down Water channel discards；Inspection well cover trash rack and collecting-tank trash rack are respectively equipped with inspection well cover and collecting-tank, for preventing debris from entering Rainwater energy electricity generation system；When the water level of open diversion canal and spiral case exceeds the upper limit, unnecessary rainwater is overflowed by spout hole, this portion Rainwater is divided to be collected utilization or discard；When the flow of open diversion canal is less than minimum generating flow, closing control gate；Draw The rainwater that water open channel is finally stored can be for users to use.
7. A kind of 7. Mountainous areas rainwater energy electricity-generating method using system as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that：Drop During rain, while housing roof and surface collection rainwater are utilized, rainwater is pooled to by roofing header and road surface header respectively In collecting-tank, the rainwater being collected on the way is converged by afflux branch pipe and afflux house steward, is pooled in the lump in water tank, when in water tank Water level when reaching working water level, open hydraulic turbine diversion control valve, the rainwater of accumulation promotes hydrogenerator to generate electricity, sent Electric energy is defeated by user by outlet line and used, and the tail water after generating discharged by tail water road, be discharged into reservoir nearby, pond or In storing facilities of water, for further Collection utilization, or it is discharged into sewer and discards；When water tank stores completely, unnecessary rainwater is by overflow Hole is overflowed, and this part rainwater is collected utilization or discarded；When the collection flow of afflux house steward is less than the diversion of hydrogenerator During flow, hydraulic turbine diversion control valve is closed, hydrogenerator is stopped；Inspection well cover is respectively equipped with inspection well cover and collecting-tank Trash rack and collecting-tank trash rack, for preventing debris from entering rainwater energy electricity generation system；First passed through into the current in water tank Waterwall is used for the effect of inertia for effectively weakening current, avoids water hammer effect from producing destruction to pipeline.