CN107554277A - 用于机动车的动力装置以及用于运行动力装置的方法 - Google Patents

用于机动车的动力装置以及用于运行动力装置的方法 Download PDF

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CN107554277A
CN107554277A CN201710520781.0A CN201710520781A CN107554277A CN 107554277 A CN107554277 A CN 107554277A CN 201710520781 A CN201710520781 A CN 201710520781A CN 107554277 A CN107554277 A CN 107554277A
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drive shaft
combustion engine
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F·福尔默
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
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    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/442—Series-parallel switching type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/10—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of change-speed gearings
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    • B60W10/113—Stepped gearings with two input flow paths, e.g. double clutch transmission selection of one of the torque flow paths by the corresponding input clutch
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
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    • B60K2006/268—Electric drive motor starts the engine, i.e. used as starter motor
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于机动车(2)的动力装置(1)，具有：内燃机(9)、第一电机(10)和第二电机(11)，内燃机(9)的驱动轴(12)能够借助于第一离合器(15)与第一电机(10)的驱动轴(13)联接，该第一电机的驱动轴通过传动机构(16)连接在动力装置(1)的输出轴(7)上。在此规定，传动机构(16)包括与第一电机(10)的驱动轴(13)永久联接的且能够借助于第二离合器(22)与内燃机的驱动轴(12)联接的行星齿轮机构，第二电机(11)永久地与输出轴(7)联接。本发明还涉及一种用于运行动力装置(1)的方法。

Description

用于机动车的动力装置以及用于运行动力装置的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于机动车的动力装置，具有内燃机、第一电机和第二电机，其中内燃机的驱动轴能借助于第一离合器与第一电机的驱动轴联接，该第一电机的驱动轴通过传动机构连接在动力装置的输出轴上。本发明还涉及一种用于运行动力装置的方法。
背景技术
动力装置用于驱动机动车，即提供用于运行机动车的转矩。动力装置具有多个动力设备，其中内燃机是动力设备中的第一动力设备，第一电机是动力设备中的第二动力设备，以及第二电机是动力设备中的第三动力设备。也可以使用其它类型的动力设备替代内燃机、第一电机和第二电机。
在内燃机起动时，必须首先将内燃机例如从静止状态开始带入到最小转速中。该最小转速在此优选相当于如下转速，从该转速开始可以使内燃机自主运行，即无需通过施加外部的转矩驱动内燃机。从这个最小转速开始内燃机可以进一步加速并自主地提高其转速。
为了使内燃机起动，就此使用第一电机提供外部转矩。为此，内燃机或者说内燃机的驱动轴可以借助于第一离合器与第一电机或者说第一电机的驱动轴联接。就是说，在第一离合器的第一切换位置中，在内燃机和第一电机之间的作用连接中断，而在第二切换位置中至少部分地建立该作用连接。
内燃机和第一电机尤其优选地在第一离合器的第二切换位置中彼此刚性地联接。借助于第一离合器内燃机的驱动轴与第一电机的驱动轴可以作用连接或者说可以联接，其中这两个术语在本说明书的范围中作为同义词使用。另选或附加地，内燃机可以通过第二离合器与第一电机联接，其中为此可能必须锁死行星齿轮机构。
此外第一电机或者说第一电机的驱动轴通过传动机构连接在动力装置的驱动轴上。该传动机构可以是例如多挡位变速器或者说速度变换装置，借助于该传动机构可以在内燃机和驱动轴之间调节出从多个传动比中选出的传动比。
例如，传动机构设置为具有多个挡位的自动变速器的形式，例如具有至少四个、至少五个、至少六个、至少七个或至少八个前进挡位。变速器的这种设计方案一方面需要机动车中的大的构造空间，另一方面实现起来成本高。
发明内容
因此本发明的目的是，提供一阵用于机动车的动力装置，该动力装置相对于已知的动力装置具有优点，尤其在显著减小了构造空间的同时也实现了动力装置的更加灵活的运行。
上述目的根据本发明通过具有权利要求1的特征的动力装置实现。在此提出，传动机构包括永久地与第一电机的驱动轴联接的并可以借助于第二离合器与内燃机的驱动轴联接的行星齿轮机构，其中该第二电机永久地与输出轴联接。
传动机构包括行星齿轮机构或者说构造为这种行星齿轮机构。该行星齿轮机构通常具有太阳轮、行星齿轮架以及齿圈，其中至少一个行星齿轮以可转动的方式支承在行星齿轮架上，该行星齿轮一方面与齿圈、另一方面与太阳轮啮合。第一电机的驱动轴与所述元件之一、例如太阳轮、齿圈或行星齿轮架永久地联接，尤其刚性地联接。优选直接地实现在传动机构和第一电机的驱动轴之间的联接，即尤其不通过另外的传动机构实现。行星齿轮机构的元件可以直接地与驱动轴连接或可以布置在该驱动轴上。
第一电机的驱动轴通过传动机构连接在动力装置的输出轴上，尤其永久地连接。优选通过行星齿轮机构、尤其仅通过行星齿轮机构实现这种情况。输出轴例如永久地与行星齿轮机构的元件之一联接，而第一电机永久地与行星齿轮机构的元件中的另一元件联接。第一电机通过传动机构永久地连接输出轴上，但不意味着，事实上在第一电机和输出轴之间存在作用连接，尤其不永久地存在。根据动力装置的运行方式可以选择性地设置，通过行星齿轮机构的相应的运行在第一电机和输出轴之间不传递转矩，即内燃机与输出轴脱耦，不传递转矩。
传动机构可以借助于第二离合器与内燃机的驱动轴联接。就是说，在第二离合器的第一切换位置中，传动机构与内燃机或者说内燃机的驱动轴脱耦，在第二离合器的第二切换位置中传动机构至少部分地、优选刚性地与内燃机或者说内燃机的驱动轴连接。可以设置为，借助于内燃机与驱动轴的联接或者说连接进行内燃机的开动或者说起动。
类似于用于第一电机的上述实施方案，内燃机的驱动轴与行星齿轮机构的联接通过第二离合器如此构成，使得内燃机的驱动轴可以与行星齿轮机构的元件联接，例如与太阳轮、行星齿轮架或齿圈联接。
如上所述，第一电机可以借助于第一离合器与内燃机联接。由于传动机构与第一电机的驱动轴的永久联接，内燃机相应地既可以通过第一离合器又可以通过第二离合器与传动机构作用连接或者说联接。这优选彼此独立地实现，从而内燃机或者说其驱动轴或者可以仅通过第一离合器、仅通过第二离合器，或者可以既通过第一离合器又通过第二离合器与行星齿轮机构作用连接。
内燃机与传动机构通过第一离合器的联接在此总是与第一电机共同地实现，而借助于第二离合器可以使内燃机独立于第一电机地与行星齿轮机构建立作用连接。总之，借助于第一离合器和第二离合器实现：或者将内燃机和第一电机共同地与行星齿轮机构联接，或者仅使第一电机与行星齿轮机构联接而不使内燃机与行星齿轮机构联接。
另外根据本发明提出，第二电机永久地与输出轴联接。该第二电机永久地、即不可分离地与输出轴联接，优选刚性地联接。例如，在第二电机或者说第二电机的驱动轴与输出轴之间设置传动级。该传动级具有仅一个唯一的、不能改变的传动比，从而在第二电机和输出轴之间的传动比不能改变。
优选设置为，输出轴刚性地和/或永久地与机动车的车轮轴或者说至少一个车轮联接。该联接可以通过至少一个差速器、尤其车桥差速器和/或中间差速器建立。在输出轴和车轮轴或者说车轮之间的作用连接中可以设置至少一个传动级。但是在输出轴和车轮轴或者说车轮之间的传动比优选是不可变换的，而是保持恒定。
输出轴可以与机动车的车轮轴和/或至少一个车轮联接。机动车的至少一个车轮优选位于车轮轴上。例如车轮轴具有多个半轴，其中半轴中的每个都被配置给机动车的至少一个车轮，尤其刚性地固定在相应地车轮轴上。车轮轴的半轴优选通过上述中已经提到的车桥差速器与输出轴作用连接。
本发明的另一设计方案提出，第一电机的驱动轴永久地与行星齿轮机构的太阳轮联接。该太阳轮是行星齿轮机构的上述的元件之一。该驱动轴永久地并且优选刚性地与该太阳轮作用连接，尤其太阳轮直接安置在第一电机的驱动轴上。
本发明的一改进方案提出，第一电机的驱动轴可以通过第三离合器与行星齿轮机构的齿圈联接。除了第一离合器和第二离合器还设置第三离合器。第一电机的驱动轴可以通过该第三离合器与行星齿轮机构的齿圈联接。就是说，在第三离合器的第一切换位置中，第一电机的驱动轴可以与齿圈脱耦，在第二切换位置中，第一电机的驱动轴至少部分地、尤其刚性地与齿圈联接。第一电机或者说其驱动轴相应地一方面永久地与行星齿轮机构的太阳轮联接，另一方面可以通过第三离合器与齿圈联接。在使用第三离合器的情况下，可以锁死该行星齿轮机构。
本发明的另一优选的实施形式提出，内燃机的驱动轴可以通过第二离合器与齿圈联接。在第二离合器接合时，即存在第二离合器的第二切换位置的情况下，内燃机的驱动轴优选以不可相对转动的方式与齿圈连接，从而内燃机与齿圈具有相同的转速。
本发明的另一设计方案提出，输出轴与行星齿轮机构的行星齿轮架永久联接。如上所述，行星齿轮机构的至少一个行星齿轮以可转动的方式支承在该行星齿轮架上，并一方面与行星齿轮机构的齿圈啮合，另一方面与行星齿轮机构的太阳轮啮合。行星齿轮架以可转动的方式支承，行星齿轮架尤其以相对于太阳轮和齿圈同轴的方式可转动地支承。该行星齿轮架永久地与输出轴作用连接，例如通过传动级。该传动级在此可以具有与第二电机和输出轴之间的可能的传动级相同的传动比。但是也可以设计其它的传动比。
在本发明的另一设计方案的范围内提出，在输出轴和行星齿轮架之间设置第一传动比，在输出轴和第二电机的驱动轴之间设置第二传动比。对此已经加以描述。传动比例如可以分别通过传动级实现。然而也可以设置直接的联接。
在本发明的一改进方案中提出，第二传动比与第一传动比不同。然而另选地也可以使第二传动比等于第一传动比。
在本发明的另一实施形式中提出，可以借助于制动器使齿圈制动。该制动器用于使齿圈例如相对于动力装置的位置固定的壳体制动，例如内燃机、第一电机或第二电机的设备壳体。在制动器的第一切换位置中，优选完全释放齿圈，而在第二切换位置中使该齿圈制动或完全固定。
最后在本发明的另一实施形式中可以提出，内燃机的驱动轴和第一电机的驱动轴彼此同轴地布置，动力装置的所述动力设备在轴向方向上彼此相邻地、尤其部分甚至直接邻接地布置。例如第一电机被配置给内燃机，尤其内燃机的设备壳体固定在第一电机的设备壳体上。
第二电机优选沿轴向方向与内燃机和第一电机间隔地布置。例如在以驱动轴的旋转轴线为基准的轴向方向上观察，传动机构或者说行星齿轮机构布置在一方面内燃机和第一电机与另一方面第二电机之间，尤其是布置在两个电机之间。第二电机或者说其驱动轴同样可以与内燃机和第一电机的驱动轴同轴地布置。但第二电机的驱动轴优选设置为相对于内燃机和第一电机的驱动轴是轴线平行的或倾斜的。
本发明还涉及一种用于运行动力装置、尤其根据上述实施方案的动力装置的方法，其中，动力装置包括内燃机、第一电机和第二电机，其中内燃机的驱动轴可以借助于第一离合器与第一电机的驱动轴联接，该第一电机通过传动机构连接在动力装置的输出轴上。在此提出，传动机构包括永久地与第一电机的驱动轴联接的行星齿轮机构，该行星齿轮机构可以借助于第二离合器与内燃机的驱动轴联接，其中第二电机永久地与输出轴联接。
已经描述了动力装置的这种类型的设计方案以及这种类型的方法的优点。可以根据上述实施方案改进动力装置和用于运行动力装置的方法，就此参照上述实施方案。
附图说明
下面根据在附图中示出的实施例详细说明本发明，而不限制本发明。在此唯一的
附图示出用于机动车的动力装置的示意图。
具体实施方式
附图示出用于未详细示出的机动车2的动力装置1的示意图。机动车2具有包括两个半轴4和5的车轮轴3，该半轴通过车桥差速器6既彼此联接，又与动力装置1的输出轴7联接。在输出轴7和车桥差速器6之间通过传动级8建立作用连接。然而也可以建立直接的联接。
动力装置1可以通过输出轴7提供驱动转矩用于驱动机动车2。为此，动力装置1具有内燃机9、第一电机10和第二电机11。内燃机9具有驱动轴12，第一电机10具有驱动轴13以及第二电机11具有驱动轴14。内燃机9的驱动轴12和第一电机10的驱动轴13可以借助于第一离合器15彼此联接。
在离合器15接合或滑磨的情况下，可以借助于第一电机10拖拽内燃机9用于起动，尤其起动到内燃机9的最小转速。第一电机10在此用作内燃机9的起动器。然而当然第一电机10也可以作为发电机运行，并借助于内燃机9来驱动该第一电机。
第一电机10的驱动轴13通过传动机构16连接在输出轴7上，该传动机构16包括行星齿轮机构或设置为行星齿轮机构。该行星齿轮机构的太阳轮17刚性地与第一电机10的驱动轴13连接，而输出轴7与行星齿轮架18联接，例如通过传动级19。至少一个行星齿轮20以可转动的方式支承在行星齿轮架18上。该行星齿轮20一方面与行星齿轮机构的太阳轮17啮合，另一方面与行星齿轮机构的齿圈21啮合。总之，传动机构16或者说行星齿轮机构永久地与第一电机10的驱动轴13连接或者说联接。
除了第一离合器15还设有第二离合器22。借助于该第二离合器可以在内燃机9的驱动轴13和行星齿轮机构、尤其行星齿轮机构的齿圈21之间建立作用连接。借助于第三离合器23，还可以使第一电机10的驱动轴13与齿圈21联接。在第三离合器23接合时，太阳轮17和齿圈21都与第一电机10的驱动轴13联接，从而锁死行星齿轮机构。制动器24实现对齿圈21的制动。
借助于动力装置1的所述构造得到如下运行方式：借助于第一离合器15可以将内燃机9的驱动轴12和第一电机10的驱动轴13联接，以用于起动内燃机9、用于执行动力装置1的混合动力运行，或用于将动力装置1作为串联的混合动力装置1运行。借助于将内燃机9或者说其驱动轴13与齿圈21连接的第二离合器22可以实现转速可变的运行区域。第三离合器23用于锁死行星齿轮机构，从而出现第二挡位。如果借助于制动器24固定齿圈21，则可以通过接合第一离合器15和第三离合器23仅借助于内燃机9驱动输出轴7，其中出现第一挡位，该第一挡位具有与第二挡位不同的传动比。
所述动力装置1具有非常紧凑的传动机构16，该传动机构仍然实现了动力装置在机动车的整个的规定运行范围上的使用。动力装置1总体上的突出之处在于，需要较小的构造空间以及小的重量，但仍具有高度的灵活性。

Claims (9)

1.一种用于机动车(2)的动力装置(1)，具有：内燃机(9)、第一电机(10)和第二电机(11)，内燃机(9)的驱动轴(12)能够借助于第一离合器(15)与第一电机(10)的驱动轴(13)联接，该第一电机的驱动轴通过传动机构(16)连接在动力装置(1)的输出轴(7)上，第二电机(11)永久地与输出轴(7)联接，传动机构(16)包括与第一电机(10)的驱动轴(13)永久联接的行星齿轮机构，其特征在于，行星齿轮机构能够借助于第二离合器(22)与内燃机的驱动轴(12)联接，第一电机(10)的驱动轴(12)能够通过第三离合器(23)与行星齿轮机构的齿圈(21)联接，在以驱动轴(12，13)的旋转轴线为基准的轴向方向上观察，行星齿轮机构布置在内燃机(8)和第一电机(10)一方与第二电机(11)一方之间。
2.根据权利要求1所述的动力装置，其特征在于，第一电机(10)的驱动轴(12)永久地与行星齿轮机构的太阳轮(17)联接。
3.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的动力装置，其特征在于，内燃机(9)的驱动轴(13)能够通过第二离合器(22)与齿圈(21)联接。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的动力装置，其特征在于，输出轴(7)与行星齿轮机构的行星齿轮架(18)永久联接。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的动力装置，其特征在于，在输出轴(7)和行星齿轮架(18)之间设置第一传动比，在输出轴(7)和第二电机(11)的驱动轴(14)之间设置第二传动比。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的动力装置，其特征在于，第二传动比与第一传动比不同。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的动力装置，其特征在于，能够借助于制动器(24)使齿圈(21)制动。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的动力装置，其特征在于，内燃机(9)的驱动轴(12)和第一电机(10)的驱动轴(13)彼此同轴地布置。
9.一种用于运行动力装置(1)、尤其根据前述权利要求中的一项或多项所述的动力装置(1)的方法，动力装置(1)包括内燃机(9)、第一电机(10)和第二电机(11)，内燃机(9)的驱动轴(12)能够借助于第一离合器(15)与第一电机(10)的驱动轴(13)联接，该第一电机的驱动轴通过传动机构(16)连接在动力装置(1)的输出轴(7)上，第二电机(11)永久地与输出轴(7)联接，传动机构(16)包括与第一电机(10)的驱动轴(13)永久联接的行星齿轮机构，其特征在于，行星齿轮机构能够借助于第二离合器(22)与内燃机(9)的驱动轴(12)联接，第一电机(10)的驱动轴(12)能够通过第三离合器(23)与行星齿轮机构的齿圈(21)联接，在以驱动轴(12，13)的旋转轴线为基准的轴向方向上观察，行星齿轮机构布置在内燃机(8)和第一电机(10)一方与第二电机(11)一方之间。
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