CN107548983B - Formula, preparation method and liquid supply method of cucumber soilless culture nutrient solution - Google Patents
Formula, preparation method and liquid supply method of cucumber soilless culture nutrient solution Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
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- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
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Abstract
The invention provides a formula of a soilless culture nutrient solution suitable for cucumbers in different growth periods, and provides a formula proportioning scheme of the nutrient solution suitable for different growth periods, namely different growth stages of a seedling stage, a flowering stage and a fruiting stage, so that nutrient substances are utilized to the maximum extent, the addition of salt ions is avoided as much as possible, the accumulation of unnecessary ions in a matrix is reduced, the reutilization of the formula of the nutrient solution is facilitated, and the utilization efficiency of water for soilless culture is also improved.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the technical field of biology, and particularly relates to a formula, a preparation method and a liquid supply method of soilless culture nutrient solution for cucumbers in different growth periods.
Background art:
the soilless culture technology is a modernized agricultural production mode with intensified technology. Under the artificial control, a planting mode of vegetable crop cultivation is carried out by adopting a nutrient solution formula and a substrate. The content and proportion of various nutrient elements in the nutrient solution formula can be manually regulated, so that the requirements of crops on the conditions of nutrition, moisture and gas can be fully met, and the aims of high yield and high efficiency are fulfilled. The soilless culture has the advantages of saving water, energy, labor and fertilizer and land resources, and has no defects of soil pollution, soil-free diseases and continuous cropping obstacles and the like, thereby being a development direction of future vegetable production. The soilless culture vegetable production of developed countries accounts for more than 50-60% of the total vegetable production.
In the soilless culture technology, the preparation of a high-yield and high-efficiency nutrient solution formula is the core part of the production technology. The method comprises the steps of adopting various compound fertilizer types and proportions thereof, pH, a liquid supply system and the like.
In the currently published nutrient solution formula, a high-yield and high-efficiency proportioning scheme for soilless culture of cucumbers is lacked, and a nutrient solution formula distribution scheme suitable for different growth periods is particularly lacked. In addition, the existing nutrient solution formula generally adopts a scheme of high nitrogen, high phosphorus and high potassium, so that the utilization efficiency of the fertilizer is reduced, and the discharge amount of waste liquid in production is increased.
In the reported fruit and vegetable soilless culture nutrient solution formula, the kazaki (1978) formula is as follows: macroelements: NH (NH)4-N 1.0mmol/L；NO3-N10.0 mmol/L; s1.0 mmol/L; p is 0.49 mmol/L; k is 3.48 mmol/L; mg1.0 mmol/L; ca 1.0 mmol/L. Belongs to a high N, K formula, and relatively has low P, Ca content, so that the formula is not suitable for the current commercial demand. Another formulation is fruit and vegetable published by southern China university of agriculture (1990)The broad-spectrum formula comprises the following major elements: NH (NH)4-N0.0mmol/L (none); NO3-N8.0 mmol/L; s1.0 mmol/L; p is 0.17 mmol/L; k2.22 mmol/L; mg1.0 mmol/L; ca 1.0 mmol/L. The formula has low total salt concentration, especially low P content.
In general, the two nutrient solution formulas have the defects of low contents of Ca and P, no formula value of trace elements and no corresponding proportioning technical scheme aiming at different growth periods. In a word, the nutrient solution formulas prepared by the two schemes cannot completely meet the growth requirements of cucumbers, and the growth vigor, the yield, the quality and the water and fertilizer utilization efficiency of the cucumbers cultured by adopting the nutrient solution formulas prepared by the two schemes need to be improved.
The invention content is as follows:
the cucumber growth is divided into three different stages, namely a seedling stage, a flowering stage and a fruiting stage. In the three different stages, the plant growth needs different supply amounts of major elements N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S and trace elements B, Mn, Cu, Zn, Fe and Mo, and different dilution times and single-day liquid supply amounts.
The invention aims to provide a formula, a preparation method and a liquid supply method of soilless culture nutrient solution suitable for cucumbers in different growth periods.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following scheme
A formula of soilless culture nutrient solution for cucumbers in different growth periods is prepared from compounds containing major elements N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S and trace elements B, Mn, Cu, Zn, Fe and Mo. The method is characterized in that: the same microelement nutrient solution formula can be adopted for the soilless culture nutrient solution formula of three different stages of a seedling stage, a flowering stage and a fruiting stage, different macroelement supply quantities are needed for the growth of crops in the three stages of the seedling stage, the flowering stage and the fruiting stage, and different formulas are adopted, so that in view of the characteristics of weak absorption capacity, small nutrient area and small fertilizer demand quantity of the seedling stage, the proportioning scheme that the content of N, P, K in the macroelement nutrient solution formula of the seedling stage is lower than that of the flowering stage and the fruiting stage and the nutrient solution formula with thinner fertilizer supply quantity are adopted; the flowering period is sensitive, flower and fruit dropping can be caused by excessive nitrogen fertilizer, the growth amount is large, and the fertilizer requirement is large, so that a formula of balancing N, P and K is adopted, namely the N, K content in the formula of the macroelement nutrient solution in the flowering period is greater than that in the seedling period and less than that in the fruiting period; the fruit bearing period is large in growth amount, fruits are produced in large amount, and the fertilizer requirement is large, particularly K fertilizer is adopted, so that a formula that K is higher than N and P is adopted;
the formula of the trace element nutrient solution comprises the following components: fe 10-18 mu mol/L, B16-30 mu mol/L, Mn 6-12 mu mol/L, Zn 3-6 mu mol/L, Cu 0.4.4-0.7 mu mol/L, Mo 0.5.5-0.9 mu mol/L;
the macroelement nutrient solution comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
the formula of the macroelement nutrient solution for the seedling stage comprises: NH (NH)4-N 0.6mmol/L，NO3-N 5.8mmol/L，S0.4mmol/L，P 1.2mmol/L，K 1.9mmol/L，Mg 0.7mmol/L，Ca 1.4mmol/L；
The formula of the macroelement nutrient solution in the flowering phase comprises the following components: NH (NH)4-N 1.0-mmol/L，NO3-N 6.5mmol/L，S0.5mmol/L，P 0.9mmol/L，K 3.0mmol/L，Mg 0.8mmol/L，Ca 1.5mmol/L；
The formula of the macroelement nutrient solution in the fruiting period comprises the following components: NH (NH)4-N 1.3mmol/L，NO3-N 7.0mmol/L，S0.7mmol/L，P 0.7mmol/L，K 3.3mmol/L，Mg 1.0mmol/L，Ca 1.4mmol/L。
(II) a preparation method of a cucumber soilless culture nutrient solution formula, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the preparation method of the nutrient solution formula at the seedling stage comprises the following steps:
a. preparing a macroelement nutrient solution formula:
NH4-N 0.6mmol/L，NO3-N 5.8mmol/L，S 0.4mmol/L，P 1.2mmol/L，K 1.9mmol/L，Mg0.7mmol/L，Ca 1.4mmol/L；
b. preparing a formula of the trace element nutrient solution: fe 10-18 mu mol/L, B16-30 mu mol/L, Mn 6-12 mu mol/L, Zn 3-6 mu mol/L, Cu 0.4.4-0.7 mu mol/L, Mo 0.5.5-0.9 mu mol/L;
c. a macroelement nutrient solution formula, namely diluting and mixing a microelement nutrient solution formula according to a ratio of 1:1, wherein the dilution multiple is 800-1200 times, and the total ion concentration of the nutrient elements is 580-1100 ppm;
d.1M dilute acid or dilute alkali to regulate pH value to 5.8-6.0.
(2) The preparation method of the nutrient solution formula in the flowering period comprises the following steps:
a. preparing a macroelement nutrient solution formula: NH (NH)4-N 1.0-mmol/L，NO3-N 6.5mmol/L，S 0.5mmol/L，P 0.9mmol/L，K 3.0mmol/L，Mg 0.8mmol/L，Ca 1.5mmol/L；
b. Preparing a formula of the trace element nutrient solution: fe 10-18 mu mol/L, B16-30 mu mol/L, Mn 6-12 mu mol/L, Zn 3-6 mu mol/L, Cu 0.4.4-0.7 mu mol/L, Mo 0.5.5-0.9 mu mol/L;
c. a macroelement nutrient solution formula, namely diluting and mixing a microelement nutrient solution formula according to a ratio of 1:1, wherein the dilution multiple is 900-1200 times, and the total ion concentration of the nutrient elements is 830-1100 ppm;
d.1M dilute acid or dilute alkali to regulate pH value to 5.8-6.0.
(3) The preparation method of the nutrient solution formula in the fruiting period comprises the following steps:
a. preparing a macroelement nutrient solution formula: NH (NH)4-N 1.3mmol/L，NO3-N 7.0mmol/L，S 0.7mmol/L，P0.7mmol/L，K 3.3mmol/L，Mg 1.0mmol/L，Ca 1.4mmol/L。
b. Preparing a formula of the trace element nutrient solution: fe 10-18 mu mol/L, B16-30 mu mol/L, Mn 6-12 mu mol/L, Zn 3-6 mu mol/L, Cu 0.4.4-0.7 mu mol/L, Mo 0.5.5-0.9 mu mol/L;
c. a macroelement nutrient solution formula, namely diluting and mixing a microelement nutrient solution formula according to a ratio of 1:1, wherein the dilution multiple is 800-;
d.1M dilute acid or dilute alkali to regulate pH value to 5.8-6.0;
and (III) a liquid supply method of the formula of the cucumber soilless culture nutrient solution prepared according to the method comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) seedling stage: in view of the characteristics of weak seedling absorption capacity, small nutrition area and small fertilizer demand, the formula of the nutrient solution with thinner fertilizer supply is adopted, a small amount of watering is carried out for multiple times, and water and fertilizer are alternately applied, so that the growth requirement of the seedlings is ensured, and the seedlings are not burnt;
(2) and (3) flowering period: the liquid supply amount is recommended to be 5-12 times per day, and each plant is 120ml each time;
(3) and (4) a result period: the liquid supply amount is 15-18 times per day, and 120ml each time.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following obvious differences:
(1) the contents of Ca and P are increased, and the contents of P are 0.49mmol/L, Ca 1.0mmol/L and S1.0 mmol/L of Kawasaki formula; large in south China, P is 0.17mmol/L, Ca is 1.0mmol/L, S is 1.0mmol/L, and Mg is 1.0 mmol/L;
the improvement is that the formula is as follows: seedling stage NH4-N 0.6mmol/L，NO3N5.8 mmol/L, S0.4 mmol/L, P1.2mmol/L, K1.9 mmol/L, Mg 0.7mmol/L, Ca 1.4 mmol/L; 0.5mmol/L of S, 0.9mmol/L of P, 3.0mmol/L of K, 0.8mmol/L of Mg and 1.5mmol/L of Ca in the flowering phase; and (4) a result period: s0.7mmol/L, P0.7 mmol/L, K3.3mmol/L, Mg1.0mmol/L, Ca 1.4 mmol/L.
(2) The biggest difference between the invention and the prior art is that: in different growth periods of crops, corresponding fertility formulas are prepared according to the characteristics of fertilizer demand, ions required in the nutrient solution formula are utilized to the maximum extent, and excessive accumulation of unabsorbed ions is reduced.
Therefore, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention firstly provides a high-yield and high-efficiency nutrient solution formula suitable for cucumber growth, a preparation method and a liquid supply method thereof, and provides a nutrient solution formula proportioning scheme suitable for different growth stages of the cucumber in different growth periods, namely a seedling period, a flowering period and a fruiting period, so that nutrient substances are utilized to the greatest extent, the addition of salt ions is avoided as much as possible, the accumulation of unnecessary ions in a matrix is reduced, the reutilization of the nutrient solution formula is facilitated, the utilization efficiency of water for soilless culture is also improved, and the nutrient solution formula has the following advantages that:
(1) according to the fertilizer requirement characteristics of the cucumbers, the nutrient requirement required by soilless culture is met;
(2) the growth requirements of cucumbers in different growth periods are met to the greatest extent by adopting a scientific nutrient solution formula and reasonably supplying liquid according to different growth periods, and in view of the characteristics of weak absorption capacity, small nutrient area and small fertilizer demand in seedling periods, the nutrient solution formula with thinner fertilizer supply is adopted, a small amount of water is watered for multiple times, and water and fertilizer are alternately applied, so that the growth requirements of seedlings are guaranteed, and the seedlings are not burnt; aiming at the problems that the flowering phase is sensitive, flower and fruit dropping can be caused by excessive nitrogen fertilizer, the growth amount is large, and the fertilizer requirement is large, a formula for balancing N, P and K is adopted, namely the content of N in the formula of the macroelement nutrient solution in the flowering phase is larger than that in the seedling phase, and the content of K is smaller than that in the fruiting phase; aiming at the problems of large growth amount, mass production of fruits and large fertilizer demand, especially K fertilizer, the formula that K is higher than N and P is adopted, and the total fertilizer concentration is slightly lower than the flowering period because of growth at higher temperature. By these measures, the yield and quality of cucumber are greatly improved.
(3) The accumulation of unnecessary ions is reduced to the maximum extent, and meanwhile, the problem that the reflux liquid can be reused for many times is solved, and the waste of water and fertilizer is reduced.
(4) The use efficiency of nitrogen is improved, and the use amount of the fertilizer can be greatly reduced;
(5) the use of the nutrient solution formula can improve the utilization efficiency of the nitrogen fertilizer by 10-20 percent and promote the absorption of the phosphate fertilizer by 20-30 percent.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting in any way, and any alterations or substitutions based on the teachings of the invention are intended to fall within the scope of the invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
formula, preparation method and liquid supply method of nutrient solution for cucumber seedling stage
1. The formula of the nutrient solution at the seedling stage comprises the following components:
a. the formula of the macroelement nutrient solution comprises the following components: NH (NH)4-N 0.6mmol/L，NO3-N 5.8mmol/L，S 0.4mmol/L，P1.2mmol/L，K 1.9mmol/L，Mg 0.7mmol/L，Ca 1.4mmol/L；
b. The formula of the trace element nutrient solution comprises the following components: fe 10 mu mol/L, B16 mu mol/L, Mn 6 mu mol/L, Zn 3 mu mol/L, Cu 0.4.4 mu mol/L, Mo 0.5.5 mu mol/L2. preparation method of nutrient solution formula at seedling stage:
a. preparing a seedling stage macroelement nutrient solution formula: NH (NH)4-N 0.6mmol/L，NO3-N 5.8mmol/L，S0.4mmol/L，P 1.2mmol/L，K 1.9mmol/L，Mg 0.7mmol/L，Ca 1.4mmol/L；
b. Preparing a formula of the trace element nutrient solution: fe 10 μmol/L, B16 μmol/L, Mn 6 μmol/L, Zn 3 μmol/L, Cu 0.4.4 μmol/L, Mo 0.5.5 μmol/L;
c. the formula of the macroelement nutrient solution in the seedling stage comprises the following components: the formula of the trace element nutrient solution is diluted and mixed according to the proportion of 1:1, the dilution multiple is 800-;
d.1M dilute acid or dilute alkali to regulate pH value to 5.8-6.0;
3. the liquid supply method of the nutrient solution formula at the seedling stage comprises the following steps:
in view of the characteristics of weak absorption capacity, small nutrition area and small fertilizer demand in the seedling stage, the pH value of the formula of the nutrient solution in the seedling stage prepared according to the method can be adjusted to be 5.8-6.0 by using 1M dilute acid or dilute alkali, a small amount of water is watered for many times, and water and fertilizer are alternately applied, so that the growth requirement of seedlings is ensured, and the seedlings are not burnt.
Secondly, the formula, the preparation method and the liquid supply method of the nutrient solution for the flowering period of the cucumber are as follows:
1. the formula of the nutrient solution at the flowering phase comprises the following components:
a. the formula of the macroelement nutrient solution comprises the following components: NH (NH)4-N 1.0-mmol/L，NO3-N 6.5mmol/L，S 0.5mmol/L，P 0.9mmol/L，K 3.0mmol/L，Mg 0.8mmol/L，Ca 1.5mmol/L；
b. The formula of the trace element nutrient solution comprises the following components: fe 10. mu. mol/L, B16. mu. mol/L, Mn 6. mu. mol/L, Zn 3. mu. mol/L, Cu 0.4. mu. mol/L, Mo 0.5.5. mu. mol/L.
2. The preparation method of the nutrient solution formula in the flowering period comprises the following steps:
a. preparing a formula of a macroelement nutrient solution in a flowering phase: NH (NH)4-N 1.0-mmol/L，NO3-N 6.5mmol/L，S0.5mmol/L，P 0.9mmol/L，K 3.0mmol/L，Mg 0.8mmol/L，Ca 1.5mmol/L；
b. Preparing a formula of the trace element nutrient solution: fe 10 μmol/L, B16 μmol/L, Mn 6 μmol/L, Zn 3 μmol/L, Cu 0.4.4 μmol/L, Mo 0.5.5 μmol/L;
c. a formula of a macroelement nutrient solution in the flowering phase, wherein a formula of a microelement nutrient solution is diluted and mixed according to the proportion of 1:1, and the dilution multiple is 900-1200 times, so that the total ion concentration of nutrient elements is 830-1100 ppm;
d.1M dilute acid or dilute alkali to regulate pH value to 5.8-6.0.
3. The liquid supply method in the flowering period comprises the following steps:
the flowering period is sensitive, flower and fruit fall can be caused by excessive nitrogen fertilizer, the growth amount is large, and the fertilizer requirement is also large, so that the formula of balancing N, P and K is adopted, and the total fertilizing amount is controlled by controlling the fertilizing times. Adjusting pH of the nutrient solution formula at flowering stage prepared by the method to 5.8-6.0 with diluted acid or diluted alkali with concentration of 1M, and supplying liquid for 5-12 times per day, wherein each plant contains 120 ml.
(III) the formula, the preparation method and the liquid supply method of the nutrient solution for the cucumber in the fruiting period are as follows:
1. the formula of the nutrient solution for the cucumber fruiting period is as follows:
a. the formula of the macroelement nutrient solution comprises the following components: NH (NH)4-N 1.3mmol/L，NO3-N 7.0mmol/L，S 0.7mmol/L，P0.7mmol/L，K 3.3mmol/L，Mg 1.0mmol/L，Ca 1.4mmol/L；
b. The formula of the trace element nutrient solution comprises the following components: fe 10. mu. mol/L, B16. mu. mol/L, Mn 6. mu. mol/L, Zn 3. mu. mol/L, Cu 0.4. mu. mol/L, Mo 0.5.5. mu. mol/L.
2. Preparation method of fruiting period nutrient solution formula
a. The preparation result period macroelement nutrient solution formula comprises the following steps: NH (NH)4-N 1.3mmol/L，NO3-N 7.0mmol/L，S0.7mmol/L，P 0.7mmol/L，K 3.3mmol/L，Mg 1.0mmol/L，Ca 1.4mmol/L；
b. Preparing a formula of the trace element nutrient solution: fe 10 μmol/L, B16 μmol/L, Mn 6 μmol/L, Zn 3 μmol/L, Cu 0.4.4 μmol/L, Mo 0.5.5 μmol/L;
c. a macroelement nutrient solution formula, namely diluting and mixing a microelement nutrient solution formula according to a ratio of 1:1, wherein the dilution multiple is 800-;
d.1M dilute acid or dilute alkali to regulate pH value to 5.8-6.0.
3. Formula liquid supply method for nutrient solution in fruiting period
The fruit bearing period is large in growth amount, fruits are produced in large quantities, the fertilizer requirement is large, especially K fertilizer, so that a formula that K is higher than N and P is adopted, and the total fertilizer concentration is slightly lower than the flowering period due to growth at higher temperature. Adjusting pH of the nutrient solution formula with the result period prepared by the method to 5.8-6.0 with diluted acid or diluted alkali with concentration of 1M, and supplying liquid 15-18 times a day, 120ml each time.
The following is a comparison table of the results of a control experiment scheme for cucumber growth and yield, quality and water and fertilizer utilization efficiency:
the nutrient solution formula and the liquid supply method of the invention have influence on the growth vigor, the yield, the quality and the water and fertilizer utilization efficiency of the cucumber
Compared with the control group Kawasaki test, the embodiment has remarkable effects on the growth vigor, yield, quality, water and fertilizer utilization efficiency and the like of the cucumber, and particularly greatly improves the yield and the quality. In a word, the invention discloses a high-yield and high-efficiency nutrient solution formula for cucumber growth, a preparation method and a liquid supply method thereof, and provides a nutrient solution formula scheme suitable for different growth stages of the cucumber in different growth periods, namely a seedling period, a flowering period and a fruiting period, so that nutrients are utilized to the maximum extent, the addition of salt ions is avoided as much as possible, the accumulation of unnecessary ions in a matrix is reduced, the reutilization of the nutrient solution formula is facilitated, the utilization efficiency of water for soilless culture is also improved, and the cucumber soilless culture nutrient solution has the following advantages that:
(1) according to the fertilizer requirement characteristics of the cucumbers, the nutrient requirement required by soilless culture is met;
(2) the growth requirements of cucumbers in different growth periods are met to the greatest extent by adopting a scientific nutrient solution formula and reasonably supplying liquid according to different growth periods, and in view of the characteristics of weak seedling-stage absorption capacity, small nutrient area and small fertilizer demand, the nutrient solution formula with thinner fertilizer supply is adopted, a small amount of water is watered for multiple times, water and fertilizer are alternately applied, the growth requirements of seedlings are guaranteed, and the seedlings are not burnt; aiming at the problems that the flowering period is sensitive, flower and fruit fall can be caused by excessive nitrogen fertilizer, the growth amount is large, and the fertilizer requirement is large, a formula of balancing N, P and K is adopted, namely the N content in a macroelement nutrient solution formula in the flowering period is larger than that in a seedling period, the K content is smaller than that in a fruiting period, and the total fertilizing amount is controlled by controlling the fertilizing times; aiming at the problems of large growth amount, mass production of fruits and large fertilizer demand, especially K fertilizer, the formula that K is higher than N and P is adopted, and the total fertilizer concentration is slightly lower than the flowering period because of growth at higher temperature. By the measures, the yield and the quality of the fruit and vegetable crops are greatly improved.
(3) The accumulation of unnecessary ions is reduced to the maximum extent, and meanwhile, the problem that the reflux liquid can be reused for many times is solved, and the waste of water and fertilizer is reduced.
(4) The use efficiency of nitrogen is improved, and the use amount of the fertilizer can be greatly reduced;
(5) the use of the nutrient solution formula can improve the utilization efficiency of the nitrogen fertilizer by 10-20 percent and promote the absorption of the phosphate fertilizer by 20-30 percent.
Claims (2)
1. A nutrient solution for soilless culture of cucumbers is characterized by comprising a nutrient solution formula at a seedling stage, a nutrient solution formula at a flowering stage and a nutrient solution formula at a fruiting stage, wherein each nutrient solution formula comprises a macroelement nutrient solution formula containing N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S and a microelement nutrient solution formula containing B, Mn, Cu, Zn, Fe and Mo;
the formula of the macroelement nutrient solution for the seedling stage comprises: NH (NH)4-N 0.6mmol/L，NO3-N 5.8mmol/L，S0.4mmol/L，P 1.2mmol/L，K 1.9mmol/L，Mg 0.7mmol/L，Ca 1.4mmol/L；
The formula of the macroelement nutrient solution in the flowering phase comprises the following components: NH (NH)4-N 1.0-mmol/L，NO3-N 6.5mmol/L，S0.5mmol/L，P 0.9mmol/L，K 3.0mmol/L，Mg 0.8mmol/L，Ca 1.5mmol/L；
The formula of the macroelement nutrient solution in the fruiting period comprises the following components: NH (NH)4-N 1.3mmol/L，NO3-N7.0 mmol/L, S0.7mmol/L, P0.7 mmol/L, K3.3mmol/L, Mg1.0mmol/L, Ca 1.4 mmol/L; the formula of the trace element nutrient solution is as follows: fe 10-18 mu mol/L, B16-30 mu mol/L, Mn 6-12 mu mol/L, Zn 3-6 mu mol/L, Cu 0.4.4-0.7 mu mol/L, Mo 0.5-0.9 mu mol/L; the preparation method of the nutrient solution for soilless culture of cucumbers comprises the steps of preparing a seedling-stage nutrient solution, a flowering-stage nutrient solution and a fruiting-stage nutrient solution, wherein each nutrient solution comprises a macroelement nutrient solution containing N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S and a microelement nutrient solution containing B, Mn, Cu, Zn, Fe and Mo, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a nutrient solution for a seedling stage, comprising:
a. preparing a macroelement nutrient solution in a seedling stage;
b. preparing a trace element nutrient solution;
c. diluting and mixing the macroelement nutrient solution and the microelement nutrient solution according to the proportion of 1:1, wherein the dilution multiple is 800-1200 times, and the total ion concentration of the nutrient elements is 580-1100 ppm;
d.1M dilute acid or dilute alkali to regulate pH value to 5.8-6.0;
(2) preparing a nutrient solution for flowering phase, comprising:
a. preparing a macroelement nutrient solution in the flowering period;
b. preparing a trace element nutrient solution;
c. diluting and mixing the macroelement nutrient solution and the trace element nutrient solution according to the proportion of 1:1, wherein the dilution multiple is 900-1200 times, and the total ion concentration of the nutrient elements is 830-1100 ppm;
d.1M dilute acid or dilute alkali to regulate pH value to 5.8-6.0;
(3) preparing a fruiting period nutrient solution, comprising:
a. preparing a macroelement nutrient solution in a fruiting period;
b. preparing a trace element nutrient solution;
c. the macroelement nutrient solution and the trace element nutrient solution are diluted and mixed according to the proportion of 1:1, the dilution multiple is 800-;
d.1M dilute acid or dilute alkali to regulate pH value to 5.8-6.0.
2. A method for supplying a nutrient solution for soilless culture of cucumber, which comprises supplying the seedling-stage nutrient solution, the flowering-stage nutrient solution and the fruiting-stage nutrient solution of claim 1, respectively, the method comprising:
(1) and (3) seedling stage: watering a small amount of water for multiple times, and alternately applying water and nutrient solution in a seedling stage;
(2) and (3) flowering period: the liquid supply amount of the nutrient solution in the flowering period is 5-12 times per day, and each plant is 120ml each time;
(3) and (4) a result period: the liquid supply amount of the nutrient solution in the fruiting period is 15-18 times per day, and each plant is 120ml each time.
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| CN107548983B (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2020-05-05 | 中国农业大学 | Formula, preparation method and liquid supply method of cucumber soilless culture nutrient solution |
| CN106365726A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-02-01 | 北京中农富通园艺有限公司 | Nutrient solution for culturing cucumbers on coconut chaff organic substrate |
| CN106386439A (en) * | 2016-09-06 | 2017-02-15 | 贵州大学 | Method for producing tomatoes by a mist spraying method |
| CN106478196A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-03-08 | 深圳前海弘稼科技有限公司 | cucumber nutrient solution and preparation method thereof |
| CN106613857A (en) * | 2017-01-10 | 2017-05-10 | 山东鑫诚现代农业科技有限责任公司 | Soilless cultivation nutrient solution for color peppers and preparation method thereof |
| CN108911826A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2018-11-30 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of grape soilless culture nutrient fluid and preparation method thereof and application method |
| CN110100553A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-08-09 | 湖北格林凯尔精准农业研究院 | A kind of tomato fertilizing method |
| CN110476734B (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2022-08-30 | 世多乐(青岛)农业科技有限公司 | Cucumber topping prevention method |
| CN110338061A (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2019-10-18 | 四川农业大学 | The preparation method of detoxic seedling mill water culture nutrient solution and its prepared nutrient solution |
| CN113979805B (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-11-04 | 海南省农业科学院蔬菜研究所 | Soilless culture nutrient solution for wax gourds, preparation method and application method thereof |
| CN113943183B (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2023-05-12 | 江西省林业科学院 | Nutrient solution for color-leaf osmanthus fragrans and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1290801C (en) * | 1999-06-25 | 2006-12-20 | 石丽华 | Nutritive liquid of plant and its preparing process |
| CN1262523C (en) * | 2004-07-29 | 2006-07-05 | 中国农业大学 | Environmental protection type cucumber nutrient solution |
| CN103058727A (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2013-04-24 | 南通市通州区五接豆豆编织袋厂 | Soilless culture cucumber nutrient solution |
| CN102531749B (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2014-07-02 | 南京农业大学 | Water-culturing rice seedling raising nutrient solution and preparation method thereof |
| CN103210823A (en) * | 2013-03-25 | 2013-07-24 | 山东农业大学 | Special full-value nutrition liquid and organic substrate integral cultivating mode for eggplants |
| CN103467158B (en) * | 2013-09-12 | 2015-10-28 | 南京农业大学 | A kind of Mini cucumber vinegar residue substrate cultivating nutrient solution |
| CN104446827A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-03-25 | 吉林大学 | Nutrient solution applied to different growth and development stages of potato seeds in greenhouse aeroponics and cultivation method |
| CN104496596A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-04-08 | 叶胜佳 | Soilless-culture cucumber nutrient solution |
| CN107548983B (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2020-05-05 | 中国农业大学 | Formula, preparation method and liquid supply method of cucumber soilless culture nutrient solution |
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| CN105777255B (en) | 2019-12-13 |
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