CN107548890A - The liquid cultivating method of mushroom - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to a liquid culture method for shiitake mushrooms, comprising the following steps: a) preparing a culture solution, placing the culture solution and a porous float in a culture bottle, sealing and sterilizing; b) under aseptic conditions, inoculating the culture bottle with mycelium and sealing; c) incubating at 24-27℃ for 10-15 days until the mycelium fully colonizes the liquid surface; d) incubating at 8-16℃ for 15-20 days until fruiting bodies emerge above the liquid surface, then introducing sterile air with a relative humidity of 60-70% for ventilation to begin fruiting cultivation; e) harvesting after 70-80 days of fruiting cultivation. The cultivation method described in this invention has a short cycle and is easy to operate.

Description

Liquid culture method of shiitake mushrooms

technical field

The invention relates to a liquid culture method of shiitake mushrooms.

Background technique

Mushrooms are known as the king of delicacies, and they are high-protein, low-fat nutritional and health food. Chinese medical scientists of all dynasties have famous expositions on shiitake mushrooms. Modern medicine and nutrition continue to in-depth research, and the medicinal value of shiitake mushrooms is also constantly being explored.

The traditional cultivation method of shiitake mushrooms is culture material rod cultivation, and its cultivation raw materials, the formula and preparation method of culture materials are the same as the cultivation of shiitake mushrooms with sawdust bacteria bricks. Its cultivation season is best to start making mushroom sticks successively in late August, and the mushrooms will be produced after the beginning of winter and before the "May 1st" of the following year. The ideal place for cultivation is a plastic solar greenhouse.

Traditional shiitake mushroom cultivation usually takes five to six months to produce mushrooms, which takes a long time; due to the long fruiting time, it brings a lot of troubles to management, especially the problem of bacterial contamination.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a liquid culture method of shiitake mushrooms with short fruiting period and convenient operation.

The present invention adopts following technical scheme:

A liquid culture method for shiitake mushrooms, comprising the steps of:

a) Prepare culture solution, put the culture solution and porous floating body into the culture bottle, seal and sterilize;

b) under aseptic conditions, insert strains into the culture bottle and seal it;

c) The temperature is 24-27°C, and the culture is static for 10-15 days, and the mycelium is covered with the liquid surface;

d) Mushroom cultivation at 8~16°C for 15~20 days, after the fruiting body grows above the liquid surface, start feeding sterile air with a relative humidity of 60-70% above the liquid surface for ventilation, and start mushroom cultivation;

e) Pick the mushrooms after 70-80 days of cultivation.

Further, the culture solution in step a) includes: 150-250 grams of potatoes, 5-15 grams of corn flour, 10-20 grams of oak wood chips, 1000 ml of water, 15-25 grams of sucrose, dihydrogen phosphate Potassium 1~2 grams, magnesium sulfate 0.3~0.8 grams, peptone 1~3 grams.

Further, the culture solution in step a) includes: 200 grams of potatoes, 10 grams of corn flour and 15 grams of oak wood chips, 1000 ml of water, 20 grams of sucrose, 1.5 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.5 grams of magnesium sulfate , 2 grams of peptone, 200 grams of potatoes, 10 grams of corn flour, and 15 grams of oak wood chips.

Further, the preparation method of the culture medium in the step a) is as follows: boil potatoes, oak wood chips and corn flour with water, keep the boiling state for 30 minutes on a slow fire, take the filtrate, add the remaining components to the filtrate to dissolve, and make up to 1000 ml.

Further, the porous floating body in step a) is a foam glass plate or foam glass beads uniformly provided with through holes.

Further, the culture bottle is a large-capacity jar or a conical flask.

Further, the culture bottle includes a cylindrical body and a conical end cap arranged on the upper end of the cylindrical body; an inoculation hole is arranged on the top of the conical end cap, and a sealing plug is arranged on the inoculation hole; the cylindrical The body is sealed and connected with the conical end cap; an air intake pipe and an exhaust pipe are arranged inside the sealing plug, and microporous sealing caps are arranged on the outside of the conical end cap for the air intake pipe and the exhaust pipe.

Further, the air intake pipe communicates with the air filter through a pipe after the microporous sealing cover is removed.

Further, the pore diameter of the microporous sealing cap is 0.01-0.05 μm.

Further, a sealing ring is provided between the cylindrical body and the conical end cap, and is connected by snap-fit sealing.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is that: the traditional method of using solid medium for cultivation is changed to liquid medium for cultivation, and the fruiting time is greatly shortened, and the overall time is about 100 days. The liquid culture medium is used to cultivate in the culture bottle and the aseptic air is used to ventilate, so as to overcome the problem of easy occurrence of mold and other bacteria contamination in the culture process.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the culture bottle of the present invention.

Among them, 1 cylindrical body, 2 conical end cap, 3 inoculation hole, 4 sealing plug, 5 inlet pipe, 6 exhaust pipe, 7 microporous sealing cap, 8 pipe, 9 air filter, 10 sealing ring, 11 card buckle.

detailed description

In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. This embodiment is exemplary and is only used to explain the present invention and not limit the scope of protection.

Example 1

As shown in Fig. 1, a kind of culture bottle comprises cylindrical body 1 and the conical end cap 2 that is arranged on the upper end of cylindrical body 1; The top of described conical end cap 2 is provided with inoculation hole 3, on the inoculation hole 3 A sealing plug 4 is provided; the cylindrical body 1 is sealingly connected with the conical end cover 2; an air intake pipe 5 and an exhaust pipe 6 are arranged inside the sealing plug 3, and the air intake pipe 5 and the exhaust pipe 6 are arranged in a conical Microporous sealing caps 7 are provided on the outside of the end caps 2 . The cylindrical body can be a cylindrical barrel or a rectangular cylindrical barrel; the tapered end cap is a cone or a prism corresponding to the shape of the cylindrical body. The inoculation hole at the top of the tapered end cap can facilitate the inoculation operation, and the sealing plug is convenient for sealing and maintaining the aseptic environment in the culture bottle. The air intake pipe and exhaust pipe are used for ventilation, and the microporous sealing cap located at the outer end of the culture bottle can ensure ventilation without bacterial contamination.

The air inlet pipe 5 communicates with the air filter 9 through a pipeline 8 after the microporous sealing cover 7 is removed. The pore diameter of the microporous sealing cap 7 is 0.01-0.05 μm, preferably 0.02 μm. When carrying out reproductive culture to produce fruiting bodies, connect the pipeline connected to the air filter with the air inlet pipe, blow sterile air into the culture bottle, and discharge the culture bottle through the air outlet and the microporous sealing cap. Ensure that the air in the bottle is clean and conducive to fruiting body growth.

A sealing ring 10 is arranged between the cylindrical body 1 and the conical end cover 2 and is sealed and connected by a buckle 11 . When picking the fruit body, the sealing ring and the buckle can conveniently take off the conical end cap for easy picking. After picking, it can be re-fastened and reused.

As an improvement, several foam glass plates or foam glass beads provided with through holes can be placed in the culture bottle, and these foam glass plates or foam glass beads with through holes can support the fruiting bodies on the liquid surface and be placed and poured.

As a further improvement, a fixed mesh plate is arranged at the liquid level in the culture bottle, and the fruiting body can grow on the meshing plate, so as to realize the fixing of the fixed fruiting body and prevent the head of the fruiting body from being too large to topple over and cause loss.

Example 2

A liquid culture method for shiitake mushrooms, comprising the steps of:

a) Prepare culture solution, put the culture solution and porous floating body into the culture bottle, seal and sterilize;

The culture medium includes: 200 grams of potatoes, 10 grams of corn flour and 15 grams of oak wood chips, 1000 milliliters of water, 20 grams of sucrose, 1.5 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5 grams of magnesium sulfate, and 2 grams of peptone;

The porous floating body is a foam glass plate or foam glass beads uniformly provided with through holes;

The culture flask is the culture flask described in Example 1, a large-capacity jar or an Erlenmeyer flask.

b) Under sterile conditions, insert the strains into the culture bottle and seal it.

c) The temperature is 24-27°C, and the culture is static for 10-15 days, and the mycelium is covered with the liquid surface.

d) Cultivate mushrooms at 8~16°C for 15~20 days. After the fruit bodies grow above the liquid surface, start to pass sterile air with a relative humidity of 60-70% above the liquid surface for ventilation, and start mushroom cultivation.

e) After 70-80 days of fruiting culture, pick mature fruiting bodies.

The preparation method of the culture medium in the step a) is as follows: boil potatoes, oak wood chips and corn flour with water, keep the boiling state for 30 minutes on a slow fire, take the filtrate, add the remaining components into the filtrate to dissolve, and make up to 1000 ml with water.

Example 3

The same as Example 2, the difference is that the culture solution includes: 150 grams of potatoes, 5 grams of corn flour and 10 grams of oak wood chips and 1000 milliliters of water, 15 grams of sucrose, 1 gram of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.3 grams of magnesium sulfate, peptone 1 g.

Example 4

Same as Example 2, the difference is that the culture solution includes: 250 grams of potatoes, 15 grams of corn flour and 20 grams of oak wood chips and 1000 milliliters of water, 25 grams of sucrose, 2 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.8 grams of magnesium sulfate, peptone 3 grams.

Effect example

Utilize the device described in embodiment 1 and the method described in embodiments 2 to 4 to carry out fruiting, and compare the cultivation time with the rod type cultivation method as a comparative example.

Table 1 Comparison of fruiting methods in different culture methods

As shown in Table 1, compared with the comparative example, using the device and method of the present invention, it can obtain higher quality shiitake mushroom products. More optimally, the cultivation time can be shortened to about one-half of the fruiting cycle of traditional cultivation.

The above-mentioned embodiments only describe the preferred implementation of the present invention, but are not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can easily understand the spirit of the present invention based on the above-mentioned embodiments, and make different extensions and changes, but as long as All are within the protection scope of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a liquid culture method of mushroom, is characterized in that, comprises the steps: a) Prepare the culture solution, put the culture solution and the porous floating body into the culture bottle, seal and sterilize; b) Under sterile conditions, insert strains into the culture bottle and seal it; c) The temperature is 24~27°C, and the culture is static for 10~15 days, and the mycelium is covered with the liquid surface; d) Mushroom cultivation at 8~16°C for 15~20 days, after the fruiting body grows above the liquid surface, start to pass sterile air with a relative humidity of 60-70% above the liquid surface for ventilation, and start mushroom cultivation; e) Pick the mushrooms after 70-80 days of cultivation. 2. The liquid culture method according to claim 1, wherein the culture liquid in the step a) comprises: 150-250 grams of potatoes, 5-15 grams of corn flour and 10-20 grams of oak wood chips. And 1000 ml of water, 15-25 grams of sucrose, 1-2 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.3-0.8 grams of magnesium sulfate, and 1-3 grams of peptone. 3. The liquid culture method according to claim 2, wherein the culture liquid in step a) comprises: 200 grams of potatoes, 10 grams of corn flour and 15 grams of oak wood chips, 1000 ml of water, sucrose 20 grams, 1.5 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5 grams of magnesium sulfate, 2 grams of peptone, 200 grams of potatoes, 10 grams of corn flour, and 15 grams of oak wood chips. 4. The liquid culture method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, the preparation method of the culture liquid in the step a) is: boil potatoes, oak wood chips and corn flour with water, keep the boiling state for 30 minutes on a slow fire, take For the filtrate, add the remaining components to the filtrate to dissolve, and make up to 1000 ml with water. 5. The liquid culture method according to claim 4, characterized in that the porous floating body in step a) is a foam glass plate or foam glass beads uniformly provided with through holes. 6. The liquid culture method according to claim 5, characterized in that, the culture bottle is a large-capacity jar or an Erlenmeyer flask. 7. The liquid culture method according to claim 5, characterized in that, the culture bottle comprises a cylindrical body (1) and a conical end cap (2) arranged on the upper end of the cylindrical body (1); An inoculation hole (3) is arranged on the top of the shaped end cap (2), and a sealing plug (4) is arranged on the inoculation hole (3); the cylindrical body (1) is sealed and connected with the conical end cap (2); The air intake pipe (5) and the exhaust pipe (6) are arranged inside the sealing plug (3), and the air intake pipe (5) and the exhaust pipe (6) are provided with micropores on the outside of the conical end cap (2) Seal cap (7). 8. The liquid culture method according to claim 7, characterized in that the air inlet pipe (5) communicates with the air filter (9) through a pipe (8) after the microporous sealing cover (7) is removed. 9. The liquid culture method according to claim 7, characterized in that the pore diameter of the microporous sealing cover (7) is 0.01-0.05 μm. 10. The liquid culture method according to claim 7, characterized in that a sealing ring (10) is provided between the cylindrical body (1) and the conical end cap (2) and sealed by a buckle (11) connect.