CN107547022A

CN107547022A - Self-resetting can limit the high back-pressure A circuit generator voltage controllers of frequency overcurrent protective

Info

Publication number: CN107547022A
Application number: CN201710918078.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨明
Original assignee: Foshan China Micro Electric Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Foshan China Micro Electric Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2017-10-02
Filing date: 2017-10-02
Publication date: 2018-01-05

Abstract

A kind of Self-resetting can limit the high back-pressure A circuit generator voltage controllers of frequency overcurrent protective, including：The input that sampling unit 1 passes through the connecting valve control unit 3 of threshold cell 2；The input of 3 output end connecting valve unit of switch control unit 4, common port connection reset unit 10 second end, positive terminal connection positive pole D+/B+；The earth terminal of switch element 4 ground connection, output end are excitation end F；Afterflow unit 5 connects excitation end and positive pole；Feedback unit 6 connects excitation end and the input of switch control unit 3, and the positive pole of state recognition unit 7 termination positive pole, input connects excitation end by resistive module 8, output end connects the input of timing unit 9；The output end of timing unit 9 connection reset unit 10 first end, the end of timing unit 9 the 3rd and the end of reset unit 10 the 3rd ground connection；Capacitive module 11 connects the first end of reset unit 10 and the input of state recognition unit 7；Feature is simple in construction, protection is perfect, frequency characteristic is good, highly reliable.

Description

Self-resetting can limit the high back-pressure A circuit generator voltage controllers of frequency overcurrent protective

Technical field

The invention belongs to automobile current generator technical field, more particularly to Self-resetting can limit the high back-pressure A electricity of frequency overcurrent protective Road generator voltage regulator.

Background technology

Automobile current generator is due to the complexity of its condition of work, and the requirement to generator voltage controller is very high, and these will Ask and essentially consist in：

1st, excitation overcurrent protection：Generator due to power, build pressure rotating speed, the requirement in terms of transformation efficiency, automobile current generator Main use brushes hair motor, due to the electric leakage of carbon brush powder, has the reasons such as brush or brushless generator Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection short circuit to cause electricity It is common technical problems to press adjuster exciting power pipe excessively stream, therefore carries out overcurrent protection to dynamo governor and be even more important.

2nd, temperature-resistance characteristic：Automobile current generator is located at enging cabin, is toasted by engine heating, and environment temperature is very high, And generator also a large amount of heatings in itself, this proposes higher temperature-resistance characteristic requirement to built-in voltage regulator.

3rd, excitation frequency scope：Excitation frequency is too low, is such as less than 30 hertz, will make engine output voltage ripple coefficient mistake Greatly, two excitation frequencies are too high, are such as higher than 1000 hertz, its internal power tube switching loss mistake when will make voltage regulator operation Greatly, generate heat excessive, easily damaged, and excitation frequency is too high low frequency core is worked in outside ideal characterisitics, increase vortex Loss, reduce efficiency.

4th, the restriction of overtime excitation：Conventional regulator basic circuit dependent on sample circuit node at filter capacitor and The RC time constants that sample resistance is formed reduce excitation frequency, and some are also improved to the filtering of π types, but can not all take into account excitation frequency Rate, excitation waveform, excitation delay restrict (i.e. to the restriction of the overtime excitation of overvoltage) this three, often lead to generator control lag Or excessively regulation.

5th, circuit voltage endurance：For domestic and international portion voltage regulator chip using integrated antenna package form, its is pressure-resistant Value is generally below 60~70V, and many chip inlet pressure voltages are installed on domestic generator in 40V, such adjuster, a lot When can because generator caused overvoltage surge in throw load cause the breakdown damage of the chip in adjuster, Er Qiejin Mouth regulator chip is expensive.

6th, circuit anti-interference characteristic：For electronic circuit, the electromagnetism interference of the simple circuit of transistor discrete component Characteristic is higher than ordinary numbers chip, divides as the anti-interference for the derivative circuit that common and/or/not circuit and combinations thereof goes out is less than Vertical device, and the noiseproof feature of common single-chip microcomputer is less than gate circuit, the preferable general-purpose chip valency of special noiseproof feature Lattice are more expensive and are not suitable for the general-purpose chip of voltage regulator characteristic and functional requirement, and therefore, industry in general common recognition is：It is single Piece machine adjuster is not as again Special regulator logic chip reliability is high, the anti-interference of two discrete devices is that reliability is higher than specially With adjuster logic chip.

7th, circuit job stability：Its work of general special or general-purpose chip starts voltage and adjusted in 5V or so, many imports Save device chip and start voltage in more than 7.5V, such chip is in the case of the more power shortage of battery, it is impossible to ensures generator It is very fast to enter generating adjustment state, universal poor, the method possibility designed with change chip periphery of particularly various chips Many products can be prevented from meeting voltage regulator diversity and work operating mode complexity, generator operation can be made unstable.

8th, complexity in circuits：The adjuster, its IC internal hardwares structure, software etc. designed by digit chip or single-chip microcomputer It is more complicated, not only increase cost, also due to complexity reduces reliability.

9th, component number needed for circuit and occupied area：Prior art with the adjuster circuit that discrete device is designed without Method meets the overcurrent protection of voltage regulator, temperature-resistance characteristic, excitation frequency, excitation delay restriction, high back-pressure, anti-interference, Gao Ke By the technical need of property etc., even if designing, often because circuit structure is excessively complicated, its element is more, area occupied Excessive, the narrow and small confined space can not be accommodated compared with multicomponent (typically within 2.5X3 square millimeters) in governor body, and Element more multiple faults rate is higher.

10th, generator specialized voltages regulation IC chip：Design for hybrid digital-analog integrated circuit Special regulator chip For, first, its design cost is higher；Second, its Array analysis cycle is long and cost is higher；Third, hair is filled before no multi-series In the case that motor manufacturing enterprise is approved with high-volume demand, small lot experiment and production are obviously well beyond investment budgey；Four It is the production of in general integrated antenna package enterprise for temperature requirement particularly harsh regulator chip and power chip Technique can not reach technical requirements.

Therefore, the detection of twenties years to thousands of kinds of more car systems, domestic and international generator voltage controller products point is passed through Analysis, the generator techniques case with reference to vehicle maintenance and repair enterprise collect, inlet regulator chip characteristics comprehensive detection data, for many years section The process with teaching practice is ground, is summed up：The adjuster of prior art can not meet above-mentioned every technical requirements as much as possible, Make automobile current generator and voltage regulator infant mortality higher, economic loss is caused to user and generator enterprise.

The content of the invention

It is an object of the present invention to by that can meet overcurrent protection, temperature-resistance characteristic as much as possible, excitation frequency, encourage Magnetic delay restriction, high back-pressure, jamproof generator particular job environmental condition demand, there is provided be adapted to and be particularly me both at home and abroad The high reliability voltage regulator of state's automobile current generator market demand.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided the first Self-resetting can limit the high back-pressure A circuits hair of frequency overcurrent protective Electric moter voltage adjuster, it is characterized in that including sampling unit 1, threshold cell 2, switch control unit 3, switch element 4th, afterflow unit 5, feedback unit 6, state recognition unit 7, resistive module 8, timing unit 9, reset unit 10 and capacitive module 11, wherein：

The sampling unit 1 has positive terminal, negative pole end and output end,

The threshold cell 2 has input and output end,

The switch control unit 3 includes input, output end, common port and positive terminal,

The switch element 4 has input, output end and earth terminal,

The afterflow unit 5 is fly-wheel diode,

The feedback unit 6 includes input and output end,

The state recognition unit 7 has positive terminal, input and output end,

The resistive module 8 is the resistance circuit with current-limiting resistance characteristic,

The timing unit 9 has input, output end and the 3rd end,

The reset unit 10 has first end, the second end and the 3rd end,

The capacitive module 11 is the capacitive circuit with charge-discharge characteristic,

The positive terminal of the sampling unit 1 connects positive source (D+/B+), the negative pole end of the generator voltage controller Ground connection (i.e. power cathode E), the output end of the sampling unit connect the input of the threshold cell 2；

The output end of the threshold cell 2 connects the input of the switch control unit 3,

The output end of the switch control unit 3 connects the input of the switch element 4, the switch control unit 3 Common port connect the second end of the reset unit 10, the positive terminal connection of the switch control unit 3 is described generate electricity it is electromechanical The positive source (D+/B+) of adjuster is pressed,

The earth terminal ground connection of the switch element 4, the output end of the switch element 4 are adjusted as the generator voltage The excitation con-trol end F of device, for controlling the cold end of A circuit generator excitation windings,

The positive pole of the fly-wheel diode connects the output end of the switch element 4, the negative pole of the fly-wheel diode connects The positive source (D+/B+) of the generator voltage controller is connect,

The input of the feedback unit 6 connects output end, the output end of the feedback unit 6 of the switch element 4 The input of the switch control unit 3 is connected,

The positive terminal of the state recognition unit 7 connects the positive source (D+/B+) of the generator voltage controller, institute The input for stating state recognition unit 7 connects the output end of the switch element 4 by the resistive module 8, the state is known The output end of other unit 7 connects the input of the timing unit 9,

The output end of the timing unit 9 connects the first end of the reset unit 10, the 3rd end of the timing unit 9 Positive source is grounded or connects,

The 3rd end ground connection of the reset unit 10,

One end of the capacitive module 11 connects the first end of the reset unit 10, the other end of the capacitive module 11 Connect the input of the state recognition unit 7 or the output end of the connection switch element 4.

Frequency overcurrent protective high back-pressure A electricity can be limited it is further preferred that additionally providing and belonging to the Self-resetting of the first type Road generator voltage regulator, its be characterized in that including,

The sampling unit 1 includes resistance R1, R2 and electric capacity C1, and the resistance R1 and R2 is connected in series, the resistance R2 In parallel with electric capacity C1, the other end of the resistance R1 is connecting the power supply of generator voltage controller just for the positive terminal of sampling unit Pole (D+/B+), the other end of the resistance R2 is grounded (i.e. power cathode E) for negative pole end, resistance R1 and R2 are connected in series node The input of threshold cell 2 is connected for the output end of sampling unit；

The threshold cell 2 includes voltage-regulator diode D1, and its negative pole is the input of threshold cell 2, and it is just extremely defeated Go out the input that end connects the switch control unit 3,

The switch control unit 3 includes triode Q1 and resistance R3, the triode Q1 base stage control as switch The input of unit 3, the colelctor electrode of the triode Q1 connect with resistance R3, and the triode Q1 colelctor electrodes are also as switch The input of the output end connecting valve unit 4 of control unit 3, the transmitting extremely common port connection of the triode Q1 reset Second end of unit 10, the other end of the resistance R3 are adjusted as the positive terminal connection generator voltage of switch control unit 3 The positive source (D+/B+) of device,

The switch element 4 includes power field effect pipe Q2, and the source electrode of the power field effect pipe Q2 is as switch element 4 The drain electrode of earth terminal, the power field effect pipe Q2 as the output end of switch element 4 be encouraging for generator voltage controller Magnetic control end F, for controlling the cold end of A circuit generator excitation windings,

The afterflow unit 5 is sustained diode 2, the output of the positive pole connecting valve unit 4 of the sustained diode 2 End, the negative pole of the sustained diode 2 connect the positive source (D+/B+) of generator voltage controller,

One end that the feedback unit 6 includes feedback resistance R4, the feedback resistance R4 connects for the input of feedback unit 6 Connect the output end of switch element 4, the feedback resistance R4 other ends are that the output end connecting valve control unit 3 of feedback unit 6 is defeated Enter end,

The state recognition unit 7 includes triode Q3, the positive pole of the triode Q3 transmittings extremely state recognition unit 7 The positive source (D+/B+) of end connection generator voltage controller, the base stage of the triode Q3 are the defeated of state recognition unit 7 Enter end and pass through the output end of the resistive connecting valve unit 4 of module 8, the current collection extremely state recognition unit 7 of the triode Q3 Output end connects the input of timing unit 9,

The timing unit 9 includes electric capacity C2 and resistance R6, one end of the electric capacity C2 are connected with resistance R6, connecting node As the input of the timing unit 9, the other end of the resistance R6 connects reset unit as the output end of timing unit 9 10 first end, the other end of the electric capacity C2 are grounded or connect positive source as the 3rd end of the timing unit 9,

The reset unit 10 includes first end of triode Q4, the triode Q4 base stage as reset unit 10, Second end of the colelctor electrode of the triode Q4 as reset unit 10, the emitter stage of the triode Q4 is as reset unit 10 The 3rd end ground connection,

It is the first end of one end connection reset unit 10 of the capacitive module 11 including electric capacity C3, the electric capacity C3, described The electric capacity C3 other ends connect the input of the state recognition unit 7 or the output end of the connection switch element 4.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided second of Self-resetting can limit the high back-pressure A circuits hair of frequency overcurrent protective Electric moter voltage adjuster, it is characterized in that including sampling unit 1, threshold cell 2, switch control unit 3, switch element 4th, afterflow unit 5, feedback unit 6, state recognition unit 7, resistive module 8, timing unit 9, reset unit 10 and capacitive module 11, wherein：

The sampling unit 1 has positive terminal, negative pole end and output end,

The threshold cell 2 has input and output end,

The switch control unit 3 includes input, output end and common port,

The switch element 4 has input, output end and earth terminal,

The afterflow unit 5 is fly-wheel diode,

The feedback unit 6 includes input and output end,

The state recognition unit 7 has positive terminal, input and output end,

The timing unit 9 has input, output end and the 3rd end,

The reset unit 10 has first end, the second end and the 3rd end,

The output end of the switch control unit 3 connects the input of the switch element 4, the switch control unit 3 Common port connect the second end of the reset unit 10,

The output end of the timing unit 9 connects the first end of the reset unit 10, the 3rd end of the timing unit 9 The output end of the switch control unit is connected,

The 3rd end ground connection of the reset unit 10,

Frequency overcurrent protective high back-pressure A electricity can be limited it is further preferred that additionally providing and belonging to the Self-resetting of second of type Road generator voltage regulator, it is characterized in that,

The sampling unit 1 includes resistance R1, R2 and electric capacity C1, and the resistance R1 and R2 is connected in series, the resistance R2 In parallel with electric capacity C1, the other end of the resistance R1 is connecting the power supply of generator voltage controller just for the positive terminal of sampling unit Pole (D+/B+), the other end of the resistance R2 is grounded (i.e. power cathode E) for negative pole end, the resistance R1 and R2 is connected in series Node connects the input of threshold cell 2 for the output end of sampling unit；

The threshold cell 2 includes voltage-regulator diode D1, and its negative pole is the input of threshold cell 2, and it is just extremely defeated Go out to hold the input of connecting valve control unit 3,

The switch control unit 3 includes triode Q1, and the base stage of the triode Q1 is as the defeated of switch control unit 3 Enter end, the input of the colelctor electrode of the triode Q1 as the output end connecting valve unit 4 of switch control unit 3 is described Second end of triode Q1 transmitting extremely common port connection reset unit 10,

The switch element 4 includes power field effect pipe Q2, and the source electrode of the power field effect pipe Q2 is as switch element 4 Earth terminal, the power field effect pipe Q2 drain electrode as switch element 4 output end be generator voltage controller excitation Control terminal F, for controlling the cold end of A circuit generator excitation windings,

The afterflow unit 5 is sustained diode 2, the output of the positive pole connecting valve unit 4 of sustained diode 2 End, the positive source (D+/B+) of the negative pole of the sustained diode 2 connection generator voltage controller,

One end that the feedback unit 6 includes feedback resistance R4, the feedback resistance R4 connects for the input of feedback unit 6 Output end, the feedback resistance R4 other ends for connecing switch element 4 are single for the output end connection switch control of feedback unit 6 The input of member 3,

The state recognition unit 7 is including triode Q3, the triode Q3 transmitting extremely state recognition unit 7 just The positive source (D+/B+) of extreme connection generator voltage controller, the base stage of the triode Q3 are state recognition unit 7 Input, which is connected to the output end of switch element 4, the triode Q3 current collections extremely state by the resistance R5 of resistive module 8, to be known The input of the output end connection timing unit 9 of other unit 7,

The timing unit 9 includes electric capacity C2 and resistance R6, one end of the electric capacity C2 are connected with resistance R6, connecting node As the input of timing unit 9, the other end of the resistance R6 connects reset unit 10 as the output end of timing unit 9 First end, the other end of the electric capacity C2 are connected as the 3rd end of the timing unit 9 with the triode Q1 colelctor electrodes,

The reset unit 10 includes first end of triode Q4, the triode Q4 base stage as reset unit 10, Second end of the colelctor electrode of the triode Q4 as reset unit 10, the emitter stage of the triode Q4 reset list as described The 3rd end ground connection of member 10,

The first end of one end connection reset unit 10 of the capacitive module 11 including electric capacity C3, the electric capacity C3, The electric capacity C3 other ends connect the input of the state recognition unit 7 or the output end of the connection switch element 4.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the third Self-resetting can limit the high back-pressure A circuits hair of frequency overcurrent protective Electric moter voltage adjuster, it is characterized in that including sampling unit 1, threshold cell 2, switch control unit 3, switch element 4th, afterflow unit 5, feedback unit 6, state recognition unit 7, resistive module 8, timing unit 9, reset unit 10 and capacitive module 11, wherein：

The sampling unit 1 has positive terminal, negative pole end and output end,

The threshold cell 2 has input and output end,

The switch element 4 has input, output end and earth terminal,

The afterflow unit 5 is fly-wheel diode,

The feedback unit 6 includes input and output end,

The state recognition unit 7 has positive terminal, input and output end,

The timing unit 9 has input, output end and the 3rd end,

The reset unit 10 has first end, the second end and the 3rd end,

The output end of the switch control unit 3 connects the input of the switch element 4, the switch control unit 3 Common end grounding, the positive terminal of the switch control unit 3 connects the positive source (D+/B of the generator voltage controller +),

The input of the feedback unit 6 connects the 3rd end of the reset unit 10, the output end of the feedback unit 6 The input of the switch control unit 3 is connected,

Second end of the reset unit 10 connects the output end of the switch element 4,

Frequency overcurrent protective high back-pressure A electricity can be limited it is further preferred that additionally providing and belonging to the Self-resetting of the third type Road generator voltage regulator, it is characterized in that,

The sampling unit 1 includes resistance R1, R2 and electric capacity C1, and the resistance R1 and R2 is connected in series, the resistance R2 In parallel with electric capacity C1, the other end of the resistance R1 is connecting the power supply of generator voltage controller just for the positive terminal of sampling unit Pole (D+/B+), the other end of the resistance R2 is grounded (i.e. power cathode E) for negative pole end, the resistance R1 and R2 is connected in series Node connects the input of threshold cell 2 for the output end of the sampling unit；

The negative pole that the threshold cell 2 includes voltage-regulator diode D1, the voltage-regulator diode D1 is the defeated of threshold cell 2 Enter end, the just extremely input of output end connecting valve control unit 3 of the voltage-regulator diode D1,

The switch control unit 3 includes triode Q1 and resistance R3, the triode Q1 base stage control as switch The input of unit 3, triode Q1 colelctor electrode connect with resistance R3, and the colelctor electrode of the triode Q1 is also as switch control The input of the output end connecting valve unit 4 of unit 3 processed, the transmitting extremely common end grounding of the triode Q1, the electricity The other end for hindering R3 connects the positive source (D+/B+) of generator voltage controller as the positive terminal of switch control unit 3,

The switch element 4 includes power field effect pipe Q2, and the source electrode of the power field effect pipe Q2 is as switch element 4 Earth terminal, power field effect pipe Q2 drain electrode as switch element 4 output end be generator voltage controller excitation control End F processed, for controlling the cold end of A circuit generator excitation windings,

One end that the feedback unit 6 includes feedback resistance R4, the feedback resistance R4 connects for the input of feedback unit 6 Connect the 3rd end of reset unit 4, the feedback resistance R4 other ends are controlled for the output end connection switch of the feedback unit 6 The input of unit 3 processed,

The state recognition unit 7 is including triode Q3, the triode Q3 transmitting extremely state recognition unit 7 just The positive source (D+/B+) of extreme connection generator voltage controller, the base stage of the triode Q3 are state recognition unit 7 Input passes through the output end of the resistive connecting valve unit 4 of module 8, the current collection extremely state recognition unit 7 of the triode Q3 Output end connection timing unit 9 input,

The timing unit 9 includes electric capacity C2 and resistance R6, one end of the electric capacity C2 are connected with resistance R6, connecting node As the input of timing unit 9, the other end of the resistance R6 connects reset unit 10 as the output end of timing unit 9 First end, the other end of the electric capacity C2 are grounded or connect positive source as the 3rd end of the timing unit 9,

The reset unit 10 includes first end of triode Q4, the triode Q4 base stage as reset unit 10, The colelctor electrode of the triode Q4 is connected as the second end of reset unit 10 with the output end of switch element 4, the triode Threeth end of the Q4 emitter stage as reset unit 10,

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the 4th kind of Self-resetting can limit the high back-pressure A circuits hair of frequency overcurrent protective Electric moter voltage adjuster, it is characterized in that including sampling unit 1, threshold cell 2, switch control unit 3, switch element 4th, afterflow unit 5, feedback unit 6, state recognition unit 7, resistive module 8, timing unit 9, reset unit 10 and capacitive module 11, wherein：

The sampling unit 1 has positive terminal, negative pole end and output end,

The threshold cell 2 has input and output end,

The switch control unit 3 includes input, output end and common port,

The switch element 4 has input, output end and earth terminal,

The afterflow unit 5 is fly-wheel diode,

The feedback unit 6 includes input and output end,

The state recognition unit 7 has positive terminal, input and output end,

The timing unit 9 has input, output end and the 3rd end,

The reset unit 10 has first end, the second end and the 3rd end,

The output end of the switch control unit 3 connects the input of the switch element 4, the switch control unit 3 Common end grounding,

The output end of the timing unit 9 connects the first end of the reset unit 10, the 3rd end of the timing unit 9 The output end of the switch control unit 3 is connected,

Frequency overcurrent protective high back-pressure A electricity can be limited it is further preferred that additionally providing and belonging to the Self-resetting of the 4th type Road generator voltage regulator, it is characterized in that,

The switch control unit 3 includes triode Q1, and the base stage of the triode Q1 is as the defeated of switch control unit 3 Enter end, the input of the colelctor electrode of the triode Q1 as the output end connecting valve unit 4 of switch control unit 3 is described Triode Q1 transmitting extremely common end grounding,

The switch element 4 includes power field effect pipe Q2, and the source electrode of the power field effect pipe Q2 is as switch element 4 The drain electrode of earth terminal, the power field effect pipe Q2 as the output end of the switch element 4 be generator voltage controller Excitation con-trol end F, for controlling the cold end of A circuit generator excitation windings,

One end that the feedback unit 6 includes feedback resistance R4, the feedback resistance R4 connects for the input of feedback unit 6 Connect the 3rd end of reset unit 4, the output end connecting valve control unit 3 that the feedback resistance R4 other ends are feedback unit 6 Input,

The state recognition unit 7 is including triode Q3, the triode Q3 transmitting extremely state recognition unit 7 just The positive source (D+/B+) of extreme connection generator voltage controller, the base stage of the triode Q3 are state recognition unit 7 Input connects the output end of the switch element 4, the current collection extremely state recognition list of the triode Q3 by resistive module 8 The output end of member 7 connects the input of the timing unit 9,

The timing unit 9 includes electric capacity C2 and resistance R6, one end of the electric capacity C2 are connected with resistance R6, connecting node As the input of timing unit 9, the other end of the resistance R6 connects reset unit 10 as the output end of timing unit 9 First end, the electric capacity C2 other ends are as (the switch control of triode Q1 colelctor electrodes described in the three-terminal link of timing unit 9 Unit output end),

The reset unit 10 includes first end of triode Q4, the triode Q4 base stage as reset unit 10, The colelctor electrode of the triode Q4 is connected as the second end of the reset unit 10 with the output end of the switch element 4, institute Threeth end of the triode Q4 emitter stage as the reset unit 10 is stated,

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the 5th kind of Self-resetting can limit the high back-pressure A circuits hair of frequency overcurrent protective Electric moter voltage adjuster, its be characterized in that including,

Sampling unit 1, threshold cell 2, switch control unit 3, switch element 4, afterflow unit 5, feedback unit 6, state Recognition unit 7, resistive module 8, timing unit 9, reset unit 10 and capacitive module 11, wherein：

The sampling unit 1 has positive terminal, negative pole end and output end,

The threshold cell 2 has input and output end,

The switch element 4 has input, output end and earth terminal,

The afterflow unit 5 is fly-wheel diode,

The feedback unit 6 includes input and output end,

The state recognition unit 7 has positive terminal, input and output end,

The timing unit 9 has input, output end and the 3rd end,

The reset unit 100 has first end, the second end and the 3rd end,

The output end of the timing unit 9 connects the first end of the reset unit 100, the 3rd of the timing unit 9 the End ground connection connects positive source,

The end of reset unit 100 the 3rd ground connection, the second end of the reset unit 100 connect the switch control unit 3 inputs,

One end of the capacitive module 11 connect the first end of the reset unit 100, the capacitive module 11 it is another End connects the input of the state recognition unit 7 or the output end of the connection switch element 4.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the 6th kind of Self-resetting can limit the high back-pressure A circuits hair of frequency overcurrent protective Electric moter voltage adjuster, it is characterized in that including sampling unit 1, threshold cell 2, switch control unit 3, switch element 4th, afterflow unit 5, feedback unit 6, state recognition unit 7, resistive module 8, timing unit 9, reset unit 10 and capacitive module 11, wherein：

The sampling unit 1 has positive terminal, negative pole end and output end,

The threshold cell 2 has input and output end,

The switch control unit 3 includes input, output end and common port,

The switch element 4 has input, output end and earth terminal,

The afterflow unit 5 is fly-wheel diode,

The feedback unit 6 includes input and output end,

The state recognition unit 7 has positive terminal, input and output end,

The timing unit 9 has input, output end and the 3rd end,

The reset unit 200 has first end, the second end and the 3rd end,

The output end of the timing unit 9 connects the first end of the reset unit 200, the 3rd of the timing unit 9 the End connects the output end of the switch control unit 3,

The 3rd end ground connection of the reset unit 200, the second end connection of the reset unit 200 switch control are single The input of member 3,

One end of the capacitive module 11 connect the first end of the reset unit 200, the capacitive module 11 it is another End connects the input of the state recognition unit 7 or the output end of the connection switch element 4.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Using relatively simple property circuit structure, it is ingenious using circuit system each key element it Between the sequential of signal, state relation, by the circuit integrated highly reliable hair with more consummating function for refining simple structure Electric moter voltage adjuster, the overcurrent protection of automobile current generator, temperature-resistance characteristic can be met as much as possible, excitation frequency, encourage by realizing Magnetic delay restriction, high back-pressure, jamproof generator particular job environmental condition demand.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is that embodiment of the present invention the first Self-resetting can limit the high back-pressure A circuit voltage adjusters of frequency overcurrent protective Circuit block diagram,

Fig. 2 is that embodiment of the present invention the first Self-resetting can limit the high back-pressure A circuit voltage adjusters of frequency overcurrent protective Electrical block diagram,

Fig. 3 is that second of Self-resetting of embodiment of the present invention can limit the high back-pressure A circuit voltage adjusters of frequency overcurrent protective Circuit block diagram,

Fig. 4 is that second of Self-resetting of embodiment of the present invention can limit the high back-pressure A circuit voltage adjusters of frequency overcurrent protective Electrical block diagram,

Fig. 5 is that embodiment of the present invention the third Self-resetting can limit the high back-pressure A circuit voltage adjusters of frequency overcurrent protective Circuit block diagram,

Fig. 6 is that embodiment of the present invention the third Self-resetting can limit the high back-pressure A circuit voltage adjusters of frequency overcurrent protective Electrical block diagram,

Fig. 7 is that the 4th kind of Self-resetting of embodiment of the present invention can limit the high back-pressure A circuit voltage adjusters of frequency overcurrent protective Circuit block diagram,

Fig. 8 is that the 4th kind of Self-resetting of embodiment of the present invention can limit the high back-pressure A circuit voltage adjusters of frequency overcurrent protective Electrical block diagram,

Fig. 9 is that the 5th kind of Self-resetting of embodiment of the present invention can limit the high back-pressure A circuit voltage adjusters of frequency overcurrent protective Circuit block diagram,

Figure 10 is that the 5th kind of Self-resetting of embodiment of the present invention can limit the high back-pressure A circuit voltage adjusters of frequency overcurrent protective Electrical block diagram,

Figure 11 is that the 6th kind of Self-resetting of embodiment of the present invention can limit the high back-pressure A circuit voltage adjusters of frequency overcurrent protective Block diagram,

Figure 12 is that the 6th kind of Self-resetting of embodiment of the present invention can limit the high back-pressure A circuit voltage adjusters of frequency overcurrent protective Electrical block diagram.

Embodiment

In a first aspect, it is electromechanical to limit the high back-pressure A circuits generating of frequency overcurrent protective the invention provides the first Self-resetting Press adjuster.Embodiment 1, as shown in Figure 1：The high back-pressure A circuits generating pressure of frequency overcurrent protective can be limited for the first Self-resetting to adjust Save the block diagram of device.

1st, the structure of the voltage regulator includes, sampling unit 1, threshold cell 2, switch control unit 3, switch element 4, Afterflow unit 5, feedback unit 6, state recognition unit 7 (being used for identification switch unit or load current), resistive module 8, timing Unit 9, reset unit 10 and capacitive module 11, wherein：

Sampling unit 1 has positive terminal, negative pole end and output end,

Threshold cell 2 has input and output end,

Switch control unit 3 includes input, output end, common port and positive terminal,

Switch element 4 has input, output end and earth terminal,

Afterflow unit 5 is fly-wheel diode,

Feedback unit 6 includes input and output end,

State recognition unit 7 has positive terminal, input and output end,

Resistive module 8 is the resistance circuit with current-limiting resistance characteristic,

Timing unit 9 has input, output end and the 3rd end,

Reset unit 10 has first end, the second end and the 3rd end,

Capacitive module 11 is the capacitive circuit with charge-discharge characteristic,

Positive source (D+/B+), the negative pole end of the positive terminal connection generator voltage controller of sampling unit 1 are grounded (i.e. Power cathode E), the input of the output end of sampling unit connection threshold cell 2；

The input of the output end connecting valve control unit 3 of threshold cell 2,

The input of the output end connecting valve unit 4 of switch control unit 3, the common port connection of switch control unit 3 Second end of reset unit 10, the positive source (D+/B of the positive terminal connection generator voltage controller of switch control unit 3 +),

The earth terminal ground connection of switch element 4, excitation con-trol of the output end of switch element 4 as generator voltage controller F is held, for controlling the cold end of A circuit generator excitation windings,

The output end of the positive pole connecting valve unit 4 of fly-wheel diode, the negative pole connection generator voltage of fly-wheel diode The positive source (D+/B+) of adjuster,

The output end of 6 input connecting valve unit of feedback unit 4, feedback unit 6 output end connecting valve control unit 3 Input,

Positive source (D+/B+), the state recognition list of the positive terminal connection generator voltage controller of state recognition unit 7 The input of member 7 connects timing list by output end, the output end of state recognition unit 7 of the resistive connecting valve unit 4 of module 8 The input of member 9,

The first end of the output end connection reset unit 10 of timing unit 9, the 3rd end of timing unit 9 are grounded or connect power supply Positive pole, (only showing that low 3rd end of timing unit 9 is grounded just to be avoided confusion with explanation, in figure, following examples are same),

The 3rd end ground connection of reset unit 10,

The first end of one end connection reset unit 10 of capacitive module 11, the identification of the other end connection status of capacitive module 11 The input of unit 7 or the output end of connecting valve unit 4.

2nd, the adjuster course of work is：

1. under-voltage excitation：When generator output voltage (i.e. terminal D+/B+) is less than setting value, acquired in sampling unit 1 Sampled signal voltage be less than the activation threshold value voltage of threshold cell 2, switch control unit 3 exports high potential, makes switch element 4 full Low potential is exported with conducting, connects the exciting current of generator excitation winding, meanwhile, the low potential that switch element 4 exports passes through Resistive module 8 turns on state recognition unit 7, and on the one hand dragging down switch control unit input terminal potential by feedback unit makes out Close control unit output high potential so that the state be stable state, second aspect be the storage capacitor in timing unit 9 charge, the Three aspects are that reset unit 10 provides direct current signal by the current limiting element in timing unit 9, turn on reset unit 10, Be exactly the end (i.e.) of two port the 3rd conducting of reset unit 10, for it is over-pressed when or switch control unit is led over the ground during excessively stream It is logical to be ready.

2. fixed " duration " cut-off after overvoltage：With generator operation, when generator output voltage is higher than setting value, sampling Sampled signal voltage acquired in unit 1 is higher than the activation threshold value voltage of threshold cell 2, and switch control unit 3 exports low potential, End switch element 4, cut off the exciting current of generator excitation winding, meanwhile, switch element 4 exports high potential, passes through resistance Property module 8 end state recognition unit 7, storage capacitor in timing unit 9 is stopped charging, another aspect energy storage Electric capacity continues as reset unit 10 by the current limiting element in timing unit 9 and provides direct current signal, reset unit 10 is still led Logical, its time that a length of storage capacitor electric discharge terminates when turning on is grown for its timing, and this state is temporary stable state.

3. Self-resetting turns on：When the storage capacitor electric discharge in timing unit 9 terminates, reset unit recovers cut-off, switch control Unit processed disconnects over the ground, switch control unit is exported high level, and switch element turns on output low level, exciting current quilt therewith Reclose, while state recognition unit 7 is turned on again by resistive module 8, be again storage capacitor charging, also revert to Reset unit 10 provides direct current signal, turns on reset unit 10, but now switch element 4 is dragged down out by feedback unit 6 Closing the input terminal potential of control unit 3 makes switch control unit 3 export high potential so that the state has been stable state, so again For overvoltage when or switch control unit turns on be ready over the ground during excessively stream.

During generator voltage controller normal regulating, said process moves in circles.

4. overcurrent protection：In normal excitation, as exciting current of the general vehicle generator under the conditions of 14V be 3.8~ 4.5 amperes, when due to Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection short circuit, short, carbon brush abrasive powders, the reason such as electric leakage in parallel causes out between rotor copper ring When closing the exciting power pipe excessively stream of unit 4, the saturation voltage drop of the power tube will raise, if be not limited, quickly will Overheat power tube and then burn, breakdown power pipe, permanent conduction state is presented in the power tube after breakdown, can cause excitation Winding makes generator output voltage too high in the next collimated excitation of constant high current, up to 20~more than 30V, can burn out automobile electricity Brain plate, instrument board, ignition module, other control modules, automotive wire bundle, fuse, battery, generator commutation bridge, hair on car Motor stator winding etc., or even trigger fire, property loss can be brought or even jeopardize traffic safety.

But the prior art of traditional circuit, fail timely and effectively to make overcurrent protection, make dynamo governor power tube Spoilage is higher caused by excessively stream punctures, and therefore generator producer is happened occasionally by claim, even if there is overcurrent protection, typically And connected in main line and high current resistance or cover copper copper foil, high current resistance or copper foil voltage are sampled again by comparing amplification Two carry out overcurrent protection, and such current foldback circuit complex circuit, action hysteresis, area occupied is big, heating is more and connects Discreteness in bulk article of high current resistance or copper foil voltage is larger, bulk article uniformity is bad, then have and be exactly Because its complicated cost is higher.Although separately there are the saturation voltage drop that the sampling of some current foldback circuits makes power tube, circuit after protection It can not reset, need to reappear upper electricity ability manual reset, such control circuit is obviously not suitable for voltage regulator and automatically adjusted, If reset, it is necessary to which complicated oscillating circuit or special reset circuit, also make circuit excessively complicated, be extremely limited for area Regulator chip for, be also not suitable with.For the method using CPU or MCU, these intelligent chips are used as voltage-regulation During device, either temperature characterisitic does not meet, either anti-interference bad (because car on various electromagnetic interference signals more) or opened Dynamic voltage is higher, or cost is higher.

A, embodiment of the present invention, when power tube excessively stream occurs, the signal voltage of power tube output end, which is higher than, to be opened The input activation threshold value voltage of control unit 3 is closed, high electricity is inputted in the input of switch control unit 3 by feedback unit Signal is pressed, switch control unit 3 is exported low potential, switch element 4 exports high potential, and this process is positive and negative for signal voltage Feedback process, circuit upset is extremely rapid, switch element 4 is ended rapidly, cuts off the exciting current of generator excitation winding, together When, switch element 4 exports high potential, ends state recognition unit 7 by resistive module 8, on the one hand makes in timing unit 9 Storage capacitor stops charging, another aspect storage capacitor continues as reset unit 10 by the current limiting element in timing unit 9 and carried For direct current signal, reset unit 10 is set still to turn on, its time that a length of storage capacitor electric discharge terminates when turning on is grown for its timing, This state is temporary stable state.

B, after above-mentioned temporarily stable state, circuit enters Self-resetting conducting state.

If C, short circuit releases, circuit enters foregoing state 3..

If D, sustained short-circuit, when circuit has just enter into Self-resetting conducting state, it is again storage capacitor charging, also makes reset Unit 10 turns on, and due to still excessively stream, equally undergoing above-mentioned positive feedback process makes power tube end rapidly, and it is fixed to undergo again When the time after can just recover, due to making sustained short-circuit, after timing cut-off each time terminates, only pass through extremely short " examination The property visited " conducting, just obtains too high saturation voltage drop voltage triggered overcurrent protection action in power tube output end, and pulsewidth is extremely narrow " exploratory " pulse spacing is capacitor discharge time in timing unit, therefore " exploratory " pulse frequency in continuous overcurrent protection Rate is fixed.In the long-term overflow process of power tube, said process moves in circles.When short circuit releases, circuit recovers to lead automatically It is logical.

5. frequency limiting function：It is fixed according to " exploratory " pulse frequency during foregoing overcurrent protection, therefore, circuit exists The procedures of turn-off in the excitation cycle that adjuster normal regulating makes is that timing is long, and the filter capacitor of this point and prior art determines Excitation frequency is entirely different, because its power tube conducting duration is determined by the load factor of generator real-time working condition, therefore is ended Time is altogether the function factor of output voltage with excitation time, therefore change deadline can change excitation time, therefore is encouraged Magnet rate can be determined by the capacitor discharge time in timing unit, can so limit excitation frequency be unlikely to it is too high, It is unlikely to too low.

One end of capacitive module 11 in circuit is connected to the input of reset unit 10, the other end is connected to state recognition The input of unit 7 or to be connected to switch element 4 be output end, two kinds of connections can play accelerating circuit response, stable electricity Road working condition, ensure that power tube reliably turns on, improved the effect of circuit anti-interference with saturation state.

As shown in Fig. 2 the high back-pressure A circuit generator voltage controllers of frequency overcurrent protective can be limited for the first Self-resetting Electrical block diagram.

1st, circuit structure includes：Sampling unit 1 includes resistance R1, R2 and electric capacity C1, and resistance R1 and R2 are connected in series, R2 and Electric capacity C1 is in parallel, the resistance R1 other end connected for the positive terminal of sampling unit generator voltage controller positive source (D+/ B+), the resistance R2 other end is that to be connected in series node be sampling unit by negative pole end ground connection (i.e. power cathode E), resistance R1 and R2 Output end connection threshold cell 2 input；

Threshold cell 2 includes voltage-regulator diode D1, and its negative pole is the input of threshold cell 2, its just extremely output end The input of connecting valve control unit 3,

Switch control unit 3 includes triode Q1 and resistance R3, and triode Q1 base stage is as the defeated of switch control unit 3 Enter end, triode Q1 colelctor electrode connects with resistance R3, output end connecting valve list of the colelctor electrode also as switch control unit 3 The input of member 4, the second end of triode Q1 transmitting extremely common port connection reset unit 10, resistance R3 other end conduct The positive source (D+/B+) of the positive terminal connection generator voltage controller of switch control unit 3,

Switch element 4 includes power field effect pipe Q2, earth terminal, drain electrode conduct switch of its source electrode as switch element 4 The output end of unit 4 is the excitation con-trol end F of generator voltage controller, for controlling the cold of A circuit generator excitation windings End,

Afterflow unit 5 is sustained diode 2, and the output end of its positive pole connecting valve unit 4, negative pole connection generate electricity electromechanical The positive source (D+/B+) of adjuster is pressed,

Feedback unit 6 includes feedback resistance R4, and its one end is the output of the input connecting valve unit 4 of feedback unit 6 End, the input for the output end connecting valve control unit 3 that the other end is feedback unit 6,

State recognition unit 7 includes triode Q3, and it is electromechanical that it launches the positive terminal connection generating of extremely state recognition unit 7 Positive source (D+/B+), the base stage of adjuster is pressed to pass through the resistive connecting valve list of module 8 for the input of state recognition unit 7 The output end of member 4, the input of the output end of current collection extremely state recognition unit 7 connection timing unit 9,

Timing unit 9 includes electric capacity C2 and resistance R6, and electric capacity C2 one end is connected with resistance R6, and connecting node is as timing The input of unit 9, the resistance R6 other end connect the first end of reset unit 10, electric capacity as the output end of timing unit 9 The C2 other end is grounded as the 3rd end of timing unit 9 or connects positive source and (just to be avoided confusion with explanation, only shown in figure The low 3rd end ground connection of timing unit 9, following examples are same),

Reset unit 10 includes triode Q4, and first end of its base stage as reset unit 10, colelctor electrode is as reset list Second end of member 10, emitter stage are grounded as the 3rd end of reset unit 10,

Capacitive module 11 includes electric capacity C3, the first end of its one end connection reset unit 10, the identification of other end connection status The input of unit 7 or the output end of connecting valve unit 4.

2nd, the adjuster course of work is：

1. under-voltage excitation：When generator output voltage (i.e. terminal D+/B+) is less than setting value, resistance R1 connects section with R2 The sampled signal voltage of point (should also include triode Q1 emitter junction conducting threshold certainly less than voltage-stabiliser tube D1 activation threshold values voltage The saturation voltage drop of value and triode Q4, due to both this and very low, for sake of convenience, ignore for the time being), triode Q1 cut-offs make Switch control unit 3 exports high potential, and then power field effect pipe Q2 saturation conductions connect the excitation electricity of generator excitation winding Stream, while export low potential.At the same time, the low potential of Q2 outputs turns on triode Q3 by resistance R5, on the one hand passes through The resistance R4 of feedback unit, which drags down switch control unit input terminal potential, makes switch control unit export high potential so that the shape State is stable state, and second aspect is that the storage capacitor C2 in timing unit 9 charges, the third aspect passes through the current limliting in timing unit 9 Resistance R6 provides direct current signal for triode Q4 base stages, turns on triode Q4, i.e. the end of two port the 3rd of reset unit 10 (i.e.) conducting, for it is over-pressed when or Q1 is turned on be ready over the ground during excessively stream.

2. regularly long cut-off after overvoltage：With generator operation, when generator output voltage is higher than setting value, sampling is single Sampled signal voltage acquired in member 1 is higher than the activation threshold value voltage of threshold cell 2, and switch control unit 3 exports low potential, made out Close unit 4 to end, cut off the exciting current of generator excitation winding, meanwhile, switch element 4 exports high potential, passes through resistive mould Block 8 ends state recognition unit 7, the storage capacitor C2 in timing unit 9 is stopped charging, another aspect energy storage electricity Hold C2 and triode Q4 offer base currents are continued as by resistance R6, it is still turned on, a length of storage capacitor C2 when it is turned on The time terminated by resistance R6 electric discharges is grown for its timing, and this state is temporary stable state.

3. Self-resetting turns on：When storage capacitor C2 electric discharges terminate, triode Q4 recovers cut-off, triode Q1 disconnects over the ground, Switch control unit 3 is set to export high level, switch element 4 turns on output low level therewith, and exciting current is reclosed, simultaneously State recognition unit 7 is turned on again by resistive module 8, is storage capacitor charging again, also reverts to reset unit 10 and carry For direct current signal, turn on reset unit 10, but now switch element 4 drags down switch control unit 3 by feedback unit 6 Input terminal potential make switch control unit 3 export high potential so that the state be stable state, so again be it is over-pressed when or mistake Switch control unit turns on be ready over the ground during stream.

But the prior art of traditional circuit, fail it is timely and effective it is low make overcurrent protection, make dynamo governor power tube Spoilage is higher caused by excessively stream punctures, and therefore generator producer is happened occasionally by claim, even if there is overcurrent protection, typically And connected in main line and high current resistance or cover copper copper foil, high current resistance or copper foil voltage are sampled again by comparing amplification Two carry out overcurrent protection, and such current foldback circuit complex circuit, action hysteresis, area occupied is big, heating is more and connects Discreteness in bulk article of high current resistance or copper foil voltage is larger, bulk article uniformity is bad, then have and be exactly Because its complicated cost is higher.Although separately there are the saturation voltage drop that the sampling of some current foldback circuits makes power tube, circuit after protection It can not reset, need to reappear upper electricity ability manual reset, such control circuit is obviously not suitable for voltage regulator and automatically adjusted, If reset, it is necessary to which complicated oscillating circuit or special reset circuit, also make circuit excessively complicated, be extremely limited for area Regulator chip for, be also not suitable with.For the method using CPU or MCU, these intelligent chips are used as voltage-regulation During device, either temperature characterisitic does not meet, either anti-interference bad (because car on various electromagnetic interference signals more) or opened Dynamic voltage is higher, or cost is higher.

If C, short circuit releases, circuit enters foregoing state 3..

The product test that voltage regulator actual production to the circuit arrangement of the present invention that a set point is 14.50V is put into practice Show, the excitation frequency test result of electric capacity and discharge resistance under a certain RC time constants is as follows：

One end of capacitive module 11 in circuit is connected to the input of reset unit 10, known when the other end is connected to state During the input of other unit 7：When energized, the transmitting by triode Q3, Q4 is become electric capacity C3 and filled by positive source Electricity, this charging current turn on Q3, Q4, and Q3 is that electric capacity C2 charges rapidly, and maintains Q4 conductings by resistance R6, and these are all Bistable " the power trigger device " that triode Q1 and Q2 and positive feedback resistor R4 is formed is ready.In " power trigger Device " is in stable state when being Q2 conducting states, and it is that temporary stable state is ready that Q3, Q4 conducting, which be that trigger overturns, when " power trigger device " During in temporary stable state, Q3 cut-offs, Q4 Delayed conductings are that trigger upset is that stable state is ready, and the electric capacity C3 of capacitive module 11 has Overturn beneficial to circuit state determination, acceleration is made.When the other end of capacitive module 11 is connected to power tube Q2 output ends, role With it is above-mentioned essentially identical.Two kinds of connections can play accelerating circuit response, stabilizing circuit working condition, ensure power tube with full The effect of circuit anti-interference is reliably turned on, improved with state, and electric capacity C3 capacity, which reduces, can reduce load short circuits overcurrent protection When power tube " conducting burst pulse " width, general recommendations (not limited to this value) below 1 percent；In the following embodiments Capacitive module 11 is same, is not repeated to illustrate hereinafter.

It should be noted that those skilled in the art are readily understood by, the electric capacity C2 of above-mentioned timing unit 9 earth terminal It can be connected using reconfiguration as with positive source, the same realization for ensureing circuit function：

Electric capacity C2 downlink connections in parallel with triode Q3 so is converted into, when triode Q3 ends, originally by capacitor C2 provides base stage delay for triode Q4 by resistance R6 electric discharges and continued electric current, and the electric discharge end that terminates then to be delayed makes Q4 sections of triode Only, power tube Q2 starts to recover conducting, and then makes triode Q3 conductings and charged for electric capacity C2；Present situation is, when three poles When pipe Q3 ends, positive source, which flows through resistance R6 to capacitor C2 charging current and for triode Q4 provides base stage and be delayed, to continue electricity Stream, charging, which terminates then delay end, makes triode Q4 cut-offs, power tube Q2 start to recover conducting, and then makes triode Q3 conductings Electric capacity C2 discharges；Two kinds of connection differences, electric capacity C2 discharge and recharges phase is on the contrary, but be the same to circuit working result.It is attached Exemplified by being only grounded in Fig. 2 by capacitor C2 one end, for simplicity, the accompanying drawing that positive source is terminated for C2 mono- is omitted (below Embodiment it is same).

It should also be noted that, the circuit shown in Fig. 2 is intended merely to facilitate explanation technical scheme, it is actual to answer In, in order that circuit work is more reliable and more stable, can between the PN junction of each transistor and connecting resistance or low capacity electric capacity, with And can in capacitance module series resistance to reduce the rush of current to related PN junction.Between scene effect tube grid and source electrode Voltage-regulator diode and can be connect, is used to protect power tube to limit gate source voltage amplitude, or can also take and power back in grid Road increases rc protection circuit.Can be with series voltage stabilizing pipe to improve feedback activation threshold value, as power tube uses in feedback unit During Darlington, because the saturation voltage drop of Darlington is higher than normal transistor emitter junction conduction threshold, it can be connected in feedback unit steady Pressure pipe；Or feedback resistance series winding general-purpose diode is taken, and the negative pole connection power tube output end of the general-purpose diode, feedback resistance The voltage-stabiliser tube connecting valve control unit input that is concatenated of the other end, the negative pole of voltage-regulator diode connects through another resistance Positive source, it can so reduce the trigger sensitivity of effective Feedback signal, improve circuit stability；This is also adapted to field effect Answer power tube.In addition, resistance can be replaced with transistor constant current source, timing unit can also use the timing of noncapacitive energy storage electric Road, and these are the routine techniques of electronic circuit.

Further, since circuit is determined using the pressure voltage of discrete device by transistor parameter, and high back voltage transistors are not only Very common and cheap, heat resistance is better than integrated circuit, so such generator voltage controller pressure voltage can Easily to accomplish more than 150V (12V systems), can also be easily able to more than more than 240V (28V systems), due also to circuit Structure very simple, component sum is less, cost is cheap, and these advantages are that integrated circuit is not easily achieved.

So, brand-new technical solution has been obtained with the Technology design of innovation：The ball bearing made that discrete device is formed Many-sided excellent specific property such as overcurrent protection, temperature-resistance characteristic, excitation frequency, excitation delay restriction, high back-pressure, anti-interference is integrated with, Automobile current generator particular job environmental condition demand of adaptation, is especially to provide and meets the highly reliable of China's generator market demand Property voltage regulator.

Second aspect, there is provided second of Self-resetting can limit the high back-pressure A circuits generator voltage regulation of frequency overcurrent protective Device.

Embodiment 2, as shown in Figure 3：The high back-pressure A circuit voltage adjusters of frequency overcurrent protective can be limited for second of Self-resetting Block diagram.

1st, the structure of the voltage regulator includes, sampling unit 1, threshold cell 2, switch control unit 3, switch element 4, Afterflow unit 5, feedback unit 6, state recognition unit 7, resistive module 8, timing unit 9, reset unit 10 and capacitive module 11, Wherein：

Sampling unit 1 has positive terminal, negative pole end and output end,

Threshold cell 2 has input and output end,

Switch control unit 3 includes input, output end and common port,

Switch element 4 has input, output end and earth terminal,

Afterflow unit 5 is fly-wheel diode,

Feedback unit 6 includes input and output end,

State recognition unit 7 has positive terminal, input and output end,

Timing unit 9 has input, output end and the 3rd end,

Reset unit 10 has first end, the second end and the 3rd end,

The input of the output end connecting valve unit 4 of switch control unit 3, the common port connection of switch control unit 3 Second end of reset unit 10,

The output end of the input connecting valve unit 4 of feedback unit 6, the output end connecting valve control of feedback unit 6 The input of unit 3,

The first end of the output end connection reset unit 10 of timing unit 9, the three-terminal link switch control of timing unit 9 The output end of unit,

The 3rd end ground connection of reset unit 10,

2nd, the adjuster course of work is：

1. under-voltage excitation：When generator output voltage (i.e. terminal D+/B+) is less than setting value, acquired in sampling unit 1 Sampled signal voltage be less than the activation threshold value voltage of threshold cell 2, switch control unit 3 exports high potential, and the high potential comes from In the 3rd end of timing unit 9, the saturation conduction of switch element 4 is exported low potential, connect the excitation electricity of generator excitation winding Stream, meanwhile, the low potential that switch element 4 exports turns on state recognition unit 7 by resistive module 8, on the one hand passes through feedback Unit, which drags down switch control unit input terminal potential, makes switch control unit export high potential so that and the state is stable state, second Aspect is that the storage capacitor in timing unit 9 charges, charging process causes storage capacitor to export high potential and be loaded into switch list The input of member, obtained because power tube gate-source junctions electric capacity (general tens of below pf) is smaller than storage capacitor (general thousands of more than pf) More, total capacitance is minimum, the charging interval is extremely short, and storage capacitor has not enough time to abundance, and the pressure drop of storage capacitor both ends is smaller therefore the charging The pressure drop in loop mainly will be between power tube gate-source junctions, and the third aspect is single to reset by the current limiting element in timing unit 9 Member 10 provides direct current signal, turns on reset unit 10, that is, the end (i.e.) of two port the 3rd conducting of reset unit 10, For overvoltage when or switch control unit turns on be ready over the ground during excessively stream.

2. regularly long cut-off after overvoltage：With generator operation, when generator output voltage is higher than setting value, sampling is single Sampled signal voltage acquired in member 1 is higher than the activation threshold value voltage of threshold cell 2, and switch control unit 3 exports low potential, made out Close unit 4 to end, cut off the exciting current of generator excitation winding, meanwhile, switch element 4 exports high potential, passes through resistive mould Block 8 ends state recognition unit 7, the storage capacitor in timing unit 9 is stopped charging, another aspect storage capacitor Reset unit 10 is continued as by the current limiting element in timing unit 9 direct current signal is provided, reset unit 10 is still turned on, Its time that a length of storage capacitor electric discharge terminates when turning on is grown for its timing, and this state is temporary stable state.

4. overcurrent protection：In normal excitation, as exciting current of the general vehicle generator under the conditions of 14V be 3.8~ 4.5 amperes, when due to Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection short circuit, short, carbon brush abrasive powders, the reason such as electric leakage in parallel causes out between rotor copper ring When closing the exciting power pipe excessively stream of unit 4, the saturation voltage drop of the power tube will raise, if be not limited, quickly will Overheat power tube and then burn, breakdown power pipe.

A, when power tube excessively stream occurs, the signal voltage of power tube output end is higher than the input of switch control unit 3 Activation threshold value voltage, by feedback unit in the input high input voltage signal of switch control unit 3, make switch control unit 3 output low potentials, switch element 4 export high potential, and this process is the positive feedback process of signal voltage, and circuit upset is extremely fast Speed, switch element 4 is ended rapidly, cut off the exciting current of generator excitation winding, meanwhile, switch element 4 exports high electricity Position, ends state recognition unit 7 by resistive module 8, the storage capacitor stopping in timing unit 9 is charged, is another The aspect storage capacitor continues as reset unit 10 by the current limiting element in timing unit 9 and provides direct current signal, makes reset list Member 10 still turns on, and its time that a length of storage capacitor electric discharge terminates when turning on is grown for its timing, and this state is temporary stable state.

If C, short circuit releases, circuit enters foregoing state 3..

6. the raising of low speed power generation performance：If it should be noted that during above-mentioned 1. under-voltage excitation, due to storage Energy electric capacity charging reasons, reduce power tube grid voltage so that power tube is from fully saturated, when power tube exits saturation Into linear zone, the too high voltage of power tube output end can make circuit by feedback unit trigger switch control unit input Upset enters temporary stable state, and power tube turns on again after temporary stable state, repeats above-mentioned storage capacitor charging process, therefore this tune again Device is saved when only with trigram formula (D ,+B ,+E), for nine pipes or 11 pipe generators, by three Excitation Diodes It is in circuit to provide exciting current, and the adjuster shows fabulous " self-saturation conducting " performance, i.e.,：Put when due to storage capacitor When electric reason makes the power tube exit saturation, circuit will automatically cut off power tube, now exciting current cut-out, (derive from from D+ Charging indicator light negative pole) standby current (being 80mA for the general general electric current of this electric current 160mA, 28V system of 14V systems) Greatly reduce in power tube procedures of turn-off, the voltage of D+ terminals rises to that (charging indicator light is now close to battery tension Circuit be bordering on 0) again for storage capacitor charge, it is this automatically exit from and automatic energy storage again Self-resetting conducting function, make nine pipes The initial generating rotating speed of generator will reduce, and the performance of this adjuster is better than import like product.

As shown in figure 4, the circuit knot of the high back-pressure A circuit voltage adjusters of frequency overcurrent protective can be limited for second of Self-resetting Structure schematic diagram.

Switch control unit 3 includes triode Q1, the input of triode Q1 base stage as switch control unit 3, and three Input of the pole pipe Q1 colelctor electrode as the output end connecting valve unit 4 of switch control unit 3, triode Q1 transmitting Extremely the second end of common port connection reset unit 10,

State recognition unit 7 includes triode Q3, and it is electromechanical that it launches the positive terminal connection generating of extremely state recognition unit 7 Positive source (D+/B+), the base stage of adjuster is pressed to connect for the input of state recognition unit 7 by the resistance R5 of resistive module 8 Output end, the input of the output end of current collection extremely state recognition unit 7 connection timing unit 9 of switch element 4 are connected to,

Timing unit 9 includes electric capacity C2 and resistance R6, and electric capacity C2 one end is connected with resistance R6, and connecting node is as timing The input of unit 9, the resistance R6 other end connect the first end of reset unit 10, electric capacity as the output end of timing unit 9 The C2 other end is connected as the 3rd end of timing unit 9 with triode Q1 colelctor electrode,

2nd, the adjuster course of work is：

1. under-voltage excitation：When generator output voltage (i.e. terminal D+/B+) is less than setting value, resistance R1 connects section with R2 The sampled signal voltage of point (should also include triode Q1 emitter junction conducting threshold certainly less than voltage-stabiliser tube D1 activation threshold values voltage The saturation voltage drop of value and triode Q4, due to both this and very low, for sake of convenience, ignore for the time being), triode Q1 cut-offs make Switch control unit 3 exports high potential, and the high potential comes from the 3rd end of timing unit 9, and then power field effect pipe Q2 satisfies And conducting

The exciting current of generator excitation winding is connected, while exports low potential.At the same time, the low potential of Q2 outputs leads to Crossing resistance R5 turns on triode Q3, and on the one hand dragging down switch control unit by the resistance R4 of feedback unit inputs terminal potential Switch control unit is set to export high potential so that the state is stable state, and second aspect is that the storage capacitor C2 in timing unit 9 fills Electricity, charging process cause storage capacitor output high potential to be loaded into the input of switch element 4, due to power tube gate-source junctions electricity Appearance (general tens of below pf) is more much smaller than storage capacitor (general thousands of more than pf), and total capacitance is minimum, the charging interval is extremely short, Storage capacitor has not enough time to abundance, and the pressure drop of storage capacitor both ends is smaller therefore the pressure drop of the charge circuit mainly will be in power tube grid Between the knot of source, the third aspect is that reset unit 10 provides direct current signal by the current limiting element in timing unit 9, makes triode Q4 is turned on, for it is over-pressed when or Q1 is turned on be ready over the ground during excessively stream.

If C, short circuit releases, circuit enters foregoing state 3..

6. the raising of low speed power generation performance：If it should be noted that during above-mentioned 1. under-voltage excitation, due to storage Can electric capacity charging reasons, prevent power tube Q2 grid voltages reduce so that power tube from fully saturated, when power tube exit it is full With into linear zone, the too high voltage of power tube output end can by the input of R4 trigger switch control unit 3 of feedback unit, Circuit upset is set to enter temporary stable state, power tube turns on again after temporary stable state, repeats above-mentioned storage capacitor charging process again, therefore This adjuster is when only with trigram formula (D ,+B ,+E), for nine pipes or 11 pipe generators, by three excitations two It is in circuit that pole pipe, which provides exciting current, and the adjuster shows fabulous " self-saturation conducting " performance, i.e.,：When due to energy storage electricity When discharge capacitor reason makes the power tube exit saturation, circuit will automatically cut off power tube, now exciting current cut-out, (come from D+ Come from charging indicator light negative pole) standby current (be for the general general electric current of this electric current 160mA, 28V system of 14V systems 80mA) greatly reduce in power tube procedures of turn-off, the voltage of D+ terminals is risen to close to battery tension (charging indicator light Now circuit be bordering on 0) again for storage capacitor charge, it is this automatically exit from and automatic energy storage again Self-resetting conducting function, make The initial generating rotating speed of nine pipe generators will reduce, and the performance of this adjuster is better than import like product.

The third aspect, there is provided the third Self-resetting can limit the high back-pressure A circuits generator voltage regulation of frequency overcurrent protective Device.

Embodiment 3, as shown in figure 5, the high back-pressure A circuit generator voltages of frequency overcurrent protective can be limited for the third Self-resetting Adjuster.

1st, the voltage regulator structure includes, sampling unit 1, threshold cell 2, switch control unit 3, switch element 4, continuous Unit 5, feedback unit 6, state recognition unit 7, resistive module 8, timing unit 9, reset unit 10 and capacitive module 11 are flowed, its In：

The sampling unit 1 has positive terminal, negative pole end and output end,

The threshold cell 2 has input and output end,

The switch element 4 has input, output end and earth terminal,

The afterflow unit 5 is fly-wheel diode,

The feedback unit 6 includes input and output end,

The state recognition unit 7 has positive terminal, input and output end,

The timing unit 9 has input, output end and the 3rd end,

The reset unit 10 has first end, the second end and the 3rd end,

2nd, the adjuster course of work is：

1. under-voltage excitation：When generator output voltage (i.e. terminal D+/B+) is less than setting value, acquired in sampling unit 1 Sampled signal voltage be less than the activation threshold value voltage of threshold cell 2, switch control unit 3 exports high potential, makes switch element 4 full Low potential is exported with conducting, connects the exciting current of generator excitation winding, meanwhile, the low potential that switch element 4 exports passes through Resistive module 8 turns on state recognition unit 7, and on the one hand dragging down switch control unit by reset unit and feedback unit inputs Terminal potential makes switch control unit export high potential so that the state is stable state, and second aspect is the energy storage electricity in timing unit 9 Capacity charge, the third aspect are that reset unit 10 provides direct current signal by the current limiting element in timing unit 9, make reset unit 10 The 3rd terminal potential pind down by the second terminal potential, while the input end signal of reset unit 10 also also has for reset unit 10 The conducting of the end of two port the 3rd gets out condition, for it is over-pressed when or switch control unit turns on be ready over the ground during excessively stream.

2. regularly long cut-off after overvoltage：With generator operation, when generator output voltage is higher than setting value, sampling is single Sampled signal voltage acquired in member 1 is higher than the activation threshold value voltage of threshold cell 2, and switch control unit 3 exports low potential, made out Close unit 4 to end, cut off the exciting current of generator excitation winding, meanwhile, switch element 4 exports high potential, passes through resistive mould Block 8 ends state recognition unit 7, the storage capacitor in timing unit 9 is stopped charging, another aspect storage capacitor Reset unit 10 is continued as by the current limiting element in timing unit 9 direct current signal is provided, make the two port of reset unit 10 3rd end turns on, and its time that a length of storage capacitor electric discharge terminates when turning on is grown for its timing, and this state is temporary stable state.

3. Self-resetting turns on：When the storage capacitor electric discharge in timing unit 9 terminates, reset unit recovers cut-off, switch control Unit processed disconnects over the ground, switch control unit is exported high level, and switch element turns on output low level, exciting current quilt therewith Reclose, while state recognition unit 7 is turned on again by resistive module 8, be again storage capacitor charging, also revert to Reset unit 10 provides direct current signal, the 3rd terminal potential of reset unit 10 is pind down by the second end, and now switch control is single The input low potential of member 3 makes switch control unit 3 export high potential so that the state has been stable state.

A, in order to avoid overcurrent damage, when power tube excessively stream occurs, the signal voltage of power tube output end is higher than switch The input activation threshold value voltage of control unit 3, existed by reset unit (conducting of the end of two port the 3rd) and feedback unit The input high input voltage signal of switch control unit 3, makes switch control unit 3 export low potential, and switch element 4 exports High potential, this process are the positive feedback process of signal voltage, and circuit upset is extremely rapid, switch element 4 is ended rapidly, cuts The exciting current of disconnected generator excitation winding, meanwhile, switch element 4 exports high potential, makes state recognition list by resistive module 8 Member 7 is ended, and the stopping of the storage capacitor in timing unit 9 charging, another aspect storage capacitor is passed through in timing unit 9 Current limiting element continue as reset unit 10 provide direct current signal, the end of two port the 3rd of reset unit 10 is still turned on, Its time that a length of storage capacitor electric discharge terminates when turning on is grown for its timing, and this state is temporary stable state.

If C, short circuit releases, circuit enters foregoing state 3..

As shown in fig. 6, the high back-pressure A circuit generator voltage controllers of frequency overcurrent protective can be limited for the third Self-resetting Electrical block diagram.

Switch control unit 3 includes triode Q1 and resistance R3, and triode Q1 base stage is as the defeated of switch control unit 3 Enter end, triode Q1 colelctor electrode connects with resistance R3, output end connecting valve list of the colelctor electrode also as switch control unit 3 The input of member 4, triode Q1 transmitting extremely common end grounding, the resistance R3 other end as switch control unit 3 just The positive source (D+/B+) of extreme connection generator voltage controller,

Feedback unit 6 includes feedback resistance R4, and its one end connects the 3rd of reset unit 4 for the input of feedback unit 6 End, the input for the output end connecting valve control unit 3 that the other end is feedback unit 6,

Timing unit 9 includes electric capacity C2 and resistance R6, and electric capacity C2 one end is connected with resistance R6, and connecting node is as timing The input of unit 9, the resistance R6 other end connect the first end of reset unit 10, electric capacity as the output end of timing unit 9 The C2 other end is grounded or connect positive source as the 3rd end of timing unit 9,

Reset unit 10 includes triode Q4, and first end of its base stage as reset unit 10, colelctor electrode is as reset list Second end of member 10 is connected with the output end of switch element 4, threeth end of the emitter stage as reset unit 10,

2nd, the adjuster course of work is：

1. under-voltage excitation：When generator output voltage (i.e. terminal D+/B+) is less than setting value, resistance R1 connects section with R2 The sampled signal voltage of point (should also include triode Q1 emitter junction conducting threshold certainly less than voltage-stabiliser tube D1 activation threshold values voltage Value, for sake of convenience, ignores for the time being), triode Q1 cut-offs make switch control unit 3 export high potential, then power field effect Pipe Q2 saturation conductions connect the exciting current of generator excitation winding, while export low potential.At the same time, the low electricity of Q2 outputs Position turns on triode Q3 by resistance R5, on the one hand drags down switch control unit input by the resistance R4 of feedback unit Current potential makes switch control unit export high potential so that the state is stable state, and second aspect is the storage capacitor in timing unit 9 C2 chargings, the third aspect provide direct current signal by the current-limiting resistance R6 in timing unit 9 for triode Q4 base stages, make triode Q4 collector junctions positively biased and turn on, on this condition for overvoltage when or during excessively stream the Q4 end of two port the 3rd conducting carry out standard It is standby.

2. regularly long cut-off after overvoltage：With generator operation, when generator output voltage is higher than setting value, sampling is single Sampled signal voltage acquired in member 1 is higher than the activation threshold value voltage of threshold cell 2, and switch control unit 3 exports low potential, made out Close unit 4 to end, cut off the exciting current of generator excitation winding, meanwhile, switch element 4 exports high potential, passes through resistive mould Block 8 ends state recognition unit 7, the storage capacitor C2 in timing unit 9 is stopped charging, another aspect energy storage electricity Hold C2 and triode Q4 offer base currents are continued as by resistance R6, make triode Q4 emitter stages positively biased, collector junction reverse-biased, from And triode Q4 is turned on, the time that a length of storage capacitor C2 is terminated by resistance R6 electric discharges when it is turned on is that its timing is grown, this State is temporary stable state.

3. Self-resetting turns on：When storage capacitor C2 electric discharges terminate, triode Q4 recovers cut-off, from the anti-of power tube drain electrode Supply current is cut off, triode Q1 base currents disappear, and switch control unit 3 is exported high level, and switch element 4 turns on therewith Export low level, exciting current is reclosed, while turns on state recognition unit 7 again by resistive module 8, again for Storage capacitor charging, the offer direct current signal of reset unit 10 is also reverted to, the triode Q4 of reset unit 10 is recovered collector junction Reverse-biased, i.e., switch element 4 has dragged down the input terminal potential of switch control unit 3 by feedback unit 6 makes switch control single Member 3 exports high potential so that the state be stable state, and when being again so over-pressed or switch control unit is led over the ground during excessively stream It is logical to be ready.

4. overcurrent protection：

A, when power tube excessively stream occurs, the signal voltage of power tube output end is higher than the input of switch control unit 3 Activation threshold value voltage, by reset unit and feedback unit in the input high input voltage signal of switch control unit 3, make out Close control unit 3 export low potential, switch element 4 export high potential, this process be signal voltage positive feedback process, circuit Overturn extremely rapid, switch element 4 is ended rapidly, cut off the exciting current of generator excitation winding, meanwhile, switch element 4 High potential is exported, ends state recognition unit 7 by resistive module 8, on the one hand stops the storage capacitor in timing unit 9 Charging, another aspect storage capacitor continue as reset unit 10 by the current limiting element in timing unit 9 and provide direct current signal, make Reset unit 10 still turns on, and its time that a length of storage capacitor electric discharge terminates when turning on is grown for its timing, and this state is temporarily steady State.

If C, short circuit releases, circuit enters foregoing state 3..

Fourth aspect, there is provided the 4th kind of Self-resetting can limit the high back-pressure A circuits generator voltage regulation of frequency overcurrent protective Device.

Embodiment 4, as shown in Figure 7：

The sampling unit 1 has positive terminal, negative pole end and output end,

The threshold cell 2 has input and output end,

The switch control unit 3 includes input, output end and common port,

The switch element 4 has input, output end and earth terminal,

The afterflow unit 5 is fly-wheel diode,

The feedback unit 6 includes input and output end,

The state recognition unit 7 has positive terminal, input and output end,

The timing unit 9 has input, output end and the 3rd end,

The reset unit 10 has first end, the second end and the 3rd end,

2nd, the adjuster course of work：

The those skilled in the art of electronic technology field are it can be readily appreciated that such architectural feature, is by the timing list of earlier figures 5 Member 9 inside storage capacitor earth terminal reconfiguration to switch control unit 3 output end, and the part after this reconfiguration with it is foregoing Fig. 3 corresponding part is consistent, therefore its principle and the course of work see Fig. 3 literary section of correspondence, and remainder is consistent with Fig. 5, Repeated no more for simplicity.

As shown in figure 8, the high back-pressure A circuit voltages adjuster circuit structure of frequency overcurrent protective can be limited for the 4th kind of Self-resetting Schematic diagram.

1st, the structure of the voltage regulator includes, and sampling unit 1 includes resistance R1, R2 and electric capacity C1, resistance R1 and R2 string Connection connection, R2 and electric capacity C1 are in parallel, and the resistance R1 other end connects generator voltage controller for the positive terminal of sampling unit Positive source (D+/B+), the resistance R2 other end is grounded (i.e. power cathode E) for negative pole end, resistance R1 and R2 are connected in series section Point connects the input of threshold cell 2 for the output end of sampling unit；

Switch control unit 3 includes triode Q1, the input of triode Q1 base stage as switch control unit 3, and three Input of the pole pipe Q1 colelctor electrode as the output end connecting valve unit 4 of switch control unit 3, triode Q1 emitter stages For common end grounding,

Timing unit 9 includes electric capacity C2 and resistance R6, and electric capacity C2 one end is connected with resistance R6, and connecting node is as timing The input of unit 9, the resistance R6 other end connect the first end of reset unit 10, electric capacity as the output end of timing unit 9 Three-terminal link triode Q1 colelctor electrode (i.e. switch control unit output end) of the C2 other end as timing unit 9,

2nd, the triode Q4 working conditions of the reset unit 10 of the adjuster course of work are identical with Fig. 6's, timing unit 9 Working condition it is identical with Fig. 4's, remainder is identical with Fig. 6, is omitted here for simplicity.

5th aspect, there is provided the 5th kind of Self-resetting can limit the high back-pressure A circuits generator voltage regulation of frequency overcurrent protective Device.

Embodiment 5, as shown in figure 9, the high back-pressure A circuit voltage adjusters of frequency overcurrent protective can be limited for the 5th kind of Self-resetting Block diagram.

Sampling unit 1 has positive terminal, negative pole end and output end,

Threshold cell 2 has input and output end,

Switch element 4 has input, output end and earth terminal,

Afterflow unit 5 is fly-wheel diode,

Feedback unit 6 includes input and output end,

State recognition unit 7 has positive terminal, input and output end,

Timing unit 9 has input, output end and the 3rd end,

Reset unit 100 has first end, the second end and the 3rd end,

The input of the output end connecting valve unit 4 of switch control unit 3, the common end grounding of switch control unit 3, The positive source (D+/B+) of the positive terminal connection generator voltage controller of switch control unit 3,

The first end of the output end connection reset unit 100 of timing unit 9, the 3rd end of timing unit 9 are grounded or connect electricity Source positive pole,

The 3rd end ground connection of reset unit 100, the input of the second end connecting valve control unit 3 of reset unit 100,

First end, the other end connection status of capacitive module 11 of one end connection reset unit 100 of capacitive module 11 are known The input of other unit 7 or the output end of connecting valve unit 4.

2nd, the adjuster course of work：

The circuit is the second end and the 3rd of the access reset unit in parallel between the input and ground of switch control unit 3 End, the output end of the first end of reset unit still with timing unit 9 are connected, and the difference of the circuit and circuit shown in earlier figures 2 is： Second end of the reset unit of Fig. 2 circuits and the 3rd end series connection resetted between the common port and ground of switch control unit 3 Journey is to cut off to make the cut-off of switch element 3 reset to realize between ground by the common port to switch control unit 3；And accompanying drawing 9 This circuit reset process be by between the input and ground to switch control unit 3 turn on (i.e. by feedback signal voltage pair Ground short circuit) cut-off of switch element 3 is resetted to realize；Both approach are different, and purpose is identical.Remainder structure and principle are with before It is identical to state circuit shown in Fig. 2, is omitted herein.

As shown in Figure 10, the high back-pressure A circuits adjuster circuit structure of frequency overcurrent protective can be limited for the 5th kind of Self-resetting to show It is intended to.

Threshold cell 2 includes voltage-regulator diode D1, and its positive pole is the input of threshold cell 2, and its negative pole is output end The input of connecting valve control unit 3,

Timing unit 9 includes electric capacity C2 and resistance R6, and electric capacity C2 one end is connected with resistance R6, and connecting node is as timing The input of unit 9, the resistance R6 other end connect the first end of reset unit 100, electricity as the output end of timing unit 9 The other end for holding C2 is grounded or connect positive source as the 3rd end of timing unit 9,

Reset unit 100 includes triode Q4, Q5 and resistance R7, and triode Q4 base stage is reset unit first end, three The emitter stage of pole pipe Q4, Q5 is connected as the end of reset unit the 3rd and is grounded, triode Q4 colelctor electrode connecting triode Q5 Base stage and by resistance R7 connection positive sources, triode Q5 colelctor electrode controls as the second end of reset unit connecting valve Unit input,

Capacitive module 11 includes electric capacity C3, the first end of its one end connection reset unit 100, the identification of other end connection status The input of unit 7 or the output end of connecting valve unit 4.

2nd, the adjuster course of work：

The circuit is the second end and the 3rd end of the access reset unit in parallel between triode Q1 base stage and emitter stage, Output end of the first end of reset unit still with timing unit 9 is connected, and the difference of the circuit and circuit shown in earlier figures 2 is：Fig. 2 Second end of the reset unit of circuit and the 3rd end series connection are between the common port and ground of switch control unit 3, reseting procedure It is to cut off to make the cut-off of switch element 3 reset to realize between ground by the common port to switch control unit 3；And accompanying drawing 9 This circuit reset process is by being turned on (i.e. by feedback signal voltage over the ground between the input and ground to switch control unit 3 Short circuit) cut-off of switch element 3 is resetted to realize：I.e. when storage capacitor C2 electric discharges terminate, triode Q4 cut-offs, Q5 are turned on, and are drawn Low triode Q1 base potentials end Q1, and Q1 colelctor electrodes output high potential makes power tube upset conducting enter stable state；Both ways Footpath is different, and purpose is identical.

It should be noted that resistance R7 upper end can be connected on triode Q5 colelctor electrodes, while in triode Q1 base stage Series diode or voltage-stabiliser tube, switch control unit input activation threshold value is raised, can likewise ensure that circuit smoothly resets, this The reset circuit of sample still only has these three terminals of first, second, third end, or from the lower pipe of emitter junction conduction threshold As Q5.

Remainder structure and principle are identical with circuit shown in earlier figures 2, conform to the principle of simplicity herein.

6th aspect, there is provided the 6th kind of Self-resetting can limit the high back-pressure A circuits generator voltage regulation of frequency overcurrent protective Device.

Embodiment 6, as shown in figure 11, the regulation of frequency overcurrent protective high back-pressure A circuit voltages can be limited for the 6th kind of Self-resetting Device block diagram.

Sampling unit 1 has positive terminal, negative pole end and output end,

Threshold cell 2 has input and output end,

Switch control unit 3 includes input, output end and common port,

Switch element 4 has input, output end and earth terminal,

Afterflow unit 5 is fly-wheel diode,

Feedback unit 6 includes input and output end,

State recognition unit 7 has positive terminal, input and output end,

Timing unit 9 has input, output end and the 3rd end,

Reset unit 200 has first end, the second end and the 3rd end,

The first end of the output end connection reset unit 200 of timing unit 9, the three-terminal link switch control of timing unit 9 The output end of unit 3 processed,

The 3rd end ground connection of reset unit 200, the input of the second end connecting valve control unit 3 of reset unit 200,

First end, the other end connection status of capacitive module 11 of one end connection reset unit 200 of capacitive module 11 are known The input of other unit 7 or the output end of connecting valve unit 4.

2nd, the adjuster course of work：

The those skilled in the art of electronic technology field are it can be readily appreciated that such architectural feature, is by the timing list of earlier figures 9 Member 9 inside storage capacitor earth terminal reconfiguration to switch control unit 3 output end, and the part after this reconfiguration with it is foregoing Fig. 3 corresponding part is consistent, therefore its principle and the course of work see Fig. 3 literary section of correspondence, and remainder is consistent with Fig. 9, Here repeat no more.

As shown in figure 12, the high back-pressure A circuits adjuster circuit structure of frequency overcurrent protective can be limited for the 6th kind of Self-resetting to show It is intended to.

Timing unit 9 includes electric capacity C2 and resistance R6, and electric capacity C2 one end is connected with resistance R6, and connecting node is as timing The input of unit 9, the resistance R6 other end connect the first end of reset unit 200, electricity as the output end of timing unit 9 Hold output end of the C2 other end as the three-terminal link switch control unit 3 of timing unit 9,

Reset unit 200 includes triode Q4, Q5 and resistance R7, and triode Q4 base stage is reset unit first end, three The emitter stage of pole pipe Q4, Q5 is connected as the end of reset unit the 3rd and is grounded, triode Q4 colelctor electrode connecting triode Q5 Base stage and by resistance R7 connection positive sources, triode Q5 colelctor electrode controls as the second end of reset unit connecting valve Unit input,

Capacitive module 11 includes electric capacity C3, the first end of its one end connection reset unit 200, the identification of other end connection status The input of unit 7 or the output end of connecting valve unit 4.

2nd, adjuster course of work, it can be readily appreciated that such structure is in the timing unit 9 by earlier figures 10 The earth terminal reconfiguration of portion's storage capacitor is to the output end of switch control unit 3, part and the corresponding part of earlier figures 4 after reconfiguration Unanimously, its principle and the course of work see Fig. 4 literary section of correspondence, and remainder is consistent with Figure 10, no longer superfluous for simplicity State.

The above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention is not merely to the explanation present invention, is the embodiment to technical solution of the present invention Limitation, the invention thinking of persons skilled in the art technique according to the invention scheme passes through various modifications, combination, polarity Various embodiments obtained by conversion etc. are all fallen within the technology of the present invention protection domain, and technical protection scope of the invention is by weighing Sharp claim limits.

Claims

1. a kind of Self-resetting can limit the high back-pressure A circuit generator voltage controllers of frequency overcurrent protective, it is characterised in that including,

The sampling unit 1 has positive terminal, negative pole end and output end,

The threshold cell 2 has input and output end,

The switch element 4 has input, output end and earth terminal,

The afterflow unit 5 is fly-wheel diode,

The feedback unit 6 includes input and output end,

The state recognition unit 7 has positive terminal, input and output end,

The timing unit 9 has input, output end and the 3rd end,

The reset unit 10 has first end, the second end and the 3rd end,

The positive terminal of the sampling unit 1 connects the positive source (D+/B+) of the generator voltage controller, negative pole end ground connection The output end of (i.e. power cathode E), the sampling unit connects the input of the threshold cell 2；

The output end of the switch control unit 3 connects the input of the switch element 4, the public affairs of the switch control unit 3 End connects the second end of the reset unit 10 altogether, and the positive terminal of the switch control unit 3 connects the generator voltage and adjusted The positive source (D+/B+) of device is saved,

The earth terminal of the switch element 4 is grounded, the output end of the switch element 4 is as the generator voltage controller Excitation con-trol end F, for controlling the cold end of A circuit generator excitation windings,

The positive pole of the fly-wheel diode connects the output end of the switch element 4, the negative pole connection institute of the fly-wheel diode The positive source (D+/B+) of generator voltage controller is stated,

The input of the feedback unit 6 connects the output end of the switch element 4, the connection of the output end of the feedback unit 6 The input of the switch control unit 3,

The positive terminal of the state recognition unit 7 connects positive source (D+/B+), the shape of the generator voltage controller The input of state recognition unit 7 connects the output end of the switch element 4, the state recognition list by the resistive module 8 The output end of member 7 connects the input of the timing unit 9,

The output end of the timing unit 9 connects the first end of the reset unit 10, the 3rd end ground connection of the timing unit 9 Or positive source is connect,

The 3rd end ground connection of the reset unit 10,

One end of the capacitive module 11 connects the other end connection of the first end of the reset unit 10, the capacitive module 11 The input of the state recognition unit 7 or the output end of the connection switch element 4.

2. Self-resetting as claimed in claim 1 can limit the high back-pressure A circuit generator voltage controllers of frequency overcurrent protective, it is special Sign is,

The sampling unit 1 includes resistance R1, R2 and electric capacity C1, and the resistance R1 and R2 is connected in series, the resistance R2 and electricity Hold C1 parallel connections, the other end of the resistance R1 connects the positive source (D of generator voltage controller for the positive terminal of sampling unit +/B+), the other end of the resistance R2 be that to be connected in series node be to adopt by negative pole end ground connection (i.e. power cathode E), resistance R1 and R2 The input of the output end connection threshold cell 2 of sample unit,

The threshold cell 2 includes voltage-regulator diode D1, and the voltage-regulator diode D1 negative poles are the input of threshold cell 2, institute Stating voltage-regulator diode D1, just extremely output end connects the input of the switch control unit 3,

The switch control unit 3 includes triode Q1 and resistance R3, and the base stage of the triode Q1 is as switch control unit 3 Input, the colelctor electrode of the triode Q1 connects with resistance R3, and the triode Q1 colelctor electrodes are also single as switch control The input of the output end connecting valve unit 4 of member 3, the transmitting extremely common port connection reset unit 10 of the triode Q1 Second end, the other end of the resistance R3 connect the power supply of generator voltage controller as the positive terminal of switch control unit 3 Positive pole (D+/B+),

The switch element 4 includes power field effect pipe Q2, the power field effect pipe Q2 source electrode connecing as switch element 4 Ground terminal, the power field effect pipe Q2 drain electrode as switch element 4 output end be generator voltage controller excitation control End F processed, for controlling the cold end of A circuit generator excitation windings,

The afterflow unit 5 is sustained diode 2, the output end of the positive pole connecting valve unit 4 of the sustained diode 2, The positive source (D+/B+) of the negative pole connection generator voltage controller of the sustained diode 2,

Opened for the input connection of feedback unit 6 one end that the feedback unit 6 includes feedback resistance R4, the feedback resistance R4 Output end, the feedback resistance R4 other ends for closing unit 4 are defeated for the output end connecting valve control unit 3 of feedback unit 6 Enter end,

The state recognition unit 7 includes triode Q3, and the positive terminal of the triode Q3 transmittings extremely state recognition unit 7 connects Connect the positive source (D+/B+) of generator voltage controller, the input that the base stage of the triode Q3 is state recognition unit 7 Pass through the output of the output end of the resistive connecting valve unit 4 of module 8, the current collection extremely state recognition unit 7 of the triode Q3 The input of end connection timing unit 9,

The timing unit 9 includes electric capacity C2 and resistance R6, one end of the electric capacity C2 are connected with resistance R6, connecting node conduct The input of the timing unit 9, the other end of the resistance R6 connect reset unit 10 as the output end of timing unit 9 First end, the other end of the electric capacity C2 are grounded or connect positive source as the 3rd end of the timing unit 9,

The reset unit 10 includes first end of triode Q4, the triode Q4 base stage as reset unit 10, described Second end of the triode Q4 colelctor electrode as reset unit 10, the emitter stage of the triode Q4 as reset unit 10 Three ends are grounded,

The capacitive module 11 includes the first end of electric capacity C3, the electric capacity C3 one end connection reset unit 10, the electric capacity The C3 other ends connect the input of the state recognition unit 7 or the output end of the connection switch element 4.

3. a kind of Self-resetting can limit the high back-pressure A circuit generator voltage controllers of frequency overcurrent protective, it is characterised in that including,

The sampling unit 1 has positive terminal, negative pole end and output end,

The threshold cell 2 has input and output end,

The switch control unit 3 includes input, output end and common port,

The switch element 4 has input, output end and earth terminal,

The afterflow unit 5 is fly-wheel diode,

The feedback unit 6 includes input and output end,

The state recognition unit 7 has positive terminal, input and output end,

The timing unit 9 has input, output end and the 3rd end,

The reset unit 10 has first end, the second end and the 3rd end,

The output end of the switch control unit 3 connects the input of the switch element 4, the public affairs of the switch control unit 3 End connects the second end of the reset unit 10 altogether,

The positive terminal of the state recognition unit 7 connects positive source (D+/B+), the shape of the generator voltage controller The input of state recognition unit 7 connects the output end of the switch element 4, the state recognition list by the resistive module 8 The output end of member 7 connects the input of the timing unit 9, and the output end of the timing unit 9 connects the reset unit 10 First end, the timing unit 9 three-terminal link described in switch control unit output end,

The 3rd end ground connection of the reset unit 10,

4. Self-resetting as claimed in claim 3 can limit the high back-pressure A circuit generator voltage controllers of frequency overcurrent protective, it is special Sign is,

The sampling unit 1 includes resistance R1, R2 and electric capacity C1, and the resistance R1 and R2 is connected in series, the resistance R2 and electricity Hold C1 parallel connections, the other end of the resistance R1 connects the positive source (D of generator voltage controller for the positive terminal of sampling unit +/B+), the other end of the resistance R2 is grounded (i.e. power cathode E) for negative pole end, the resistance R1 and R2 is connected in series node The input of threshold cell 2 is connected for the output end of sampling unit；

The threshold cell 2 includes voltage-regulator diode D1, and the voltage-regulator diode D1 negative poles are the input of threshold cell 2, institute Voltage-regulator diode D1 just extremely inputs of output end connecting valve control unit 3 are stated,

The switch control unit 3 includes input of triode Q1, the triode Q1 base stage as switch control unit 3 End, the input of the colelctor electrode of the triode Q1 as the output end connecting valve unit 4 of switch control unit 3, described three Second end of pole pipe Q1 transmitting extremely common port connection reset unit 10,

The switch element 4 includes power field effect pipe Q2, the power field effect pipe Q2 source electrode connecing as switch element 4 Ground terminal, the power field effect pipe Q2 drain electrode as switch element 4 output end be generator voltage controller excitation con-trol F is held, for controlling the cold end of A circuit generator excitation windings,

The afterflow unit 5 is sustained diode 2, the output end of the positive pole connecting valve unit 4 of sustained diode 2, institute The positive source (D+/B+) of the negative pole of sustained diode 2 connection generator voltage controller is stated,

Opened for the input connection of feedback unit 6 one end that the feedback unit 6 includes feedback resistance R4, the feedback resistance R4 Close the output end of unit 4, the feedback resistance R4 other ends connect the switch control unit 3 for the output end of feedback unit 6 Input,

The state recognition unit 7 includes the positive terminal of triode Q3, the triode Q3 transmitting extremely state recognition unit 7 Connect the positive source (D+/B+) of generator voltage controller, the input that the base stage of the triode Q3 is state recognition unit 7 End is connected to output end, the triode Q3 current collections extremely state recognition list of switch element 4 by the resistance R5 of resistive module 8 The input of the output end connection timing unit 9 of member 7,

The timing unit 9 includes electric capacity C2 and resistance R6, one end of the electric capacity C2 are connected with resistance R6, connecting node conduct The input of timing unit 9, the other end of the resistance R6 connect the first of reset unit 10 as the output end of timing unit 9 End, the other end of the electric capacity C2 are connected as the 3rd end of the timing unit 9 with the colelctor electrode of the triode Q1,

The reset unit 10 includes first end of triode Q4, the triode Q4 base stage as reset unit 10, described Second end of the triode Q4 colelctor electrode as reset unit 10, the emitter stage of the triode Q4 is as the reset unit 10 The 3rd end ground connection,

One end of the capacitive module 11 including electric capacity C3, the electric capacity C3 connects the first end, described of the reset unit 10 The electric capacity C3 other ends connect the input of the state recognition unit 7 or the output end of the connection switch element 4.

5. a kind of Self-resetting can limit the high back-pressure A circuit generator voltage controllers of frequency overcurrent protective, it is characterised in that including,

The sampling unit 1 has positive terminal, negative pole end and output end,

The threshold cell 2 has input and output end,

The switch element 4 has input, output end and earth terminal,

The afterflow unit 5 is fly-wheel diode,

The feedback unit 6 includes input and output end,

The state recognition unit 7 has positive terminal, input and output end,

The timing unit 9 has input, output end and the 3rd end,

The reset unit 10 has first end, the second end and the 3rd end,

The output end of the switch control unit 3 connects the input of the switch element 4, the public affairs of the switch control unit 3 End ground connection altogether, the positive terminal of the switch control unit 3 connect the positive source (D+/B+) of the generator voltage controller,

The input of the feedback unit 6 connects the output end connection at the 3rd end of the reset unit 10, the feedback unit 6 The input of the switch control unit 3,

6. Self-resetting as claimed in claim 5 can limit the high back-pressure A circuit generator voltage controllers of frequency overcurrent protective, it is special Sign is,

The sampling unit 1 includes resistance R1, R2 and electric capacity C1, and the resistance R1 and R2 is connected in series, the resistance R2 and electricity Hold C1 parallel connections, the other end of the resistance R1 connects the positive source (D of generator voltage controller for the positive terminal of sampling unit +/B+), the other end of the resistance R2 is grounded (i.e. power cathode E) for negative pole end, the resistance R1 and R2 is connected in series node The input of threshold cell 2 is connected for the output end of the sampling unit；

The negative pole that the threshold cell 2 includes voltage-regulator diode D1, the voltage-regulator diode D1 is the input of threshold cell 2 End, the just extremely input of output end connecting valve control unit 3 of the voltage-regulator diode D1,

The switch control unit 3 includes triode Q1 and resistance R3, and the base stage of the triode Q1 is as switch control unit 3 Input, triode Q1 colelctor electrode connects with resistance R3, and the colelctor electrode of the triode Q1 is also used as switch control unit 3 Output end connecting valve unit 4 input, the transmitting extremely common end grounding of the triode Q1, the resistance R3's is another One end connects the positive source (D+/B+) of generator voltage controller as the positive terminal of switch control unit 3,

The switch element 4 includes power field effect pipe Q2, the power field effect pipe Q2 source electrode connecing as switch element 4 Ground terminal, power field effect pipe Q2 drain electrode as switch element 4 output end be generator voltage controller excitation con-trol end F, for controlling the cold end of A circuit generator excitation windings,

One end that the feedback unit 6 includes feedback resistance R4, the feedback resistance R4 is multiple for the input connection of feedback unit 6 3rd end of bit location 4, the feedback resistance R4 other ends are single for the output end connection switch control of the feedback unit 6 The input of member 3,

The state recognition unit 7 includes the positive terminal of triode Q3, the triode Q3 transmitting extremely state recognition unit 7 Connect the positive source (D+/B+) of generator voltage controller, the input that the base stage of the triode Q3 is state recognition unit 7 End by the output end of the resistive connecting valve unit 4 of module 8, the current collection extremely state recognition unit 7 of the triode Q3 it is defeated Go out the input of end connection timing unit 9,

The timing unit 9 includes electric capacity C2 and resistance R6, one end of the electric capacity C2 are connected with resistance R6, connecting node conduct The input of timing unit 9, the other end of the resistance R6 connect the first of reset unit 10 as the output end of timing unit 9 End, the other end of the electric capacity C2 are grounded or connect positive source as the 3rd end of the timing unit 9,

The reset unit 10 includes first end of triode Q4, the triode Q4 base stage as reset unit 10, described Triode Q4 colelctor electrode is connected as the second end of reset unit 10 with the output end of switch element 4, the triode Q4's Threeth end of the emitter stage as reset unit 10,

7. a kind of Self-resetting can limit the high back-pressure A circuit generator voltage controllers of frequency overcurrent protective, it is characterised in that including,

The sampling unit 1 has positive terminal, negative pole end and output end,

The threshold cell 2 has input and output end,

The switch control unit 3 includes input, output end and common port,

The switch element 4 has input, output end and earth terminal,

The afterflow unit 5 is fly-wheel diode,

The feedback unit 6 includes input and output end,

The state recognition unit 7 has positive terminal, input and output end,

The timing unit 9 has input, output end and the 3rd end,

The reset unit 10 has first end, the second end and the 3rd end,

The output end of the switch control unit 3 connects the input of the switch element 4, the public affairs of the switch control unit 3 End ground connection altogether,

The output end of the timing unit 9 connects the first end of the reset unit 10, the three-terminal link of the timing unit 9 The output end of the switch control unit 3,

8. Self-resetting as claimed in claim 7 can limit the high back-pressure A circuit generator voltage controllers of frequency overcurrent protective, it is special Sign is,

The switch control unit 3 includes input of triode Q1, the triode Q1 base stage as switch control unit 3 End, the input of the colelctor electrode of the triode Q1 as the output end connecting valve unit 4 of switch control unit 3, described three Pole pipe Q1 transmitting extremely common end grounding,

The switch element 4 includes power field effect pipe Q2, the power field effect pipe Q2 source electrode connecing as switch element 4 The drain electrode of ground terminal, the power field effect pipe Q2 is encouraging for generator voltage controller as the output end of the switch element 4 Magnetic control end F, for controlling the cold end of A circuit generator excitation windings,

One end that the feedback unit 6 includes feedback resistance R4, the feedback resistance R4 is multiple for the input connection of feedback unit 6 3rd end of bit location 4, the feedback resistance R4 other ends connect the switch control unit 3 for the output end of feedback unit 6 Input,

The state recognition unit 7 includes the positive terminal of triode Q3, the triode Q3 transmitting extremely state recognition unit 7 Connect the positive source (D+/B+) of generator voltage controller, the input that the base stage of the triode Q3 is state recognition unit 7 End connects output end, the current collection extremely state recognition unit 7 of the triode Q3 of the switch element 4 by resistive module 8 Output end connect the input of the timing unit 9,

The timing unit 9 includes electric capacity C2 and resistance R6, one end of the electric capacity C2 are connected with resistance R6, connecting node conduct The input of timing unit 9, the other end of the resistance R6 connect the first of reset unit 10 as the output end of timing unit 9 End, the other end of the electric capacity C2 are as (the i.e. switch control of triode Q1 colelctor electrodes described in the three-terminal link of the timing unit 9 Unit output end processed),

The reset unit 10 includes first end of triode Q4, the triode Q4 base stage as reset unit 10, described Triode Q4 colelctor electrode is connected as the second end of the reset unit 10 with the output end of the switch element 4, and described three Threeth end of the pole pipe Q4 emitter stage as the reset unit 10,

9. a kind of Self-resetting can limit the high back-pressure A circuit generator voltage controllers of frequency overcurrent protective, it is characterised in that including,

The sampling unit 1 has positive terminal, negative pole end and output end,

The threshold cell 2 has input and output end,

The switch element 4 has input, output end and earth terminal,

The afterflow unit 5 is fly-wheel diode,

The feedback unit 6 includes input and output end,

The state recognition unit 7 has positive terminal, input and output end,

The timing unit 9 has input, output end and the 3rd end,

The reset unit 100 has first end, the second end and the 3rd end,

The output end of the timing unit 9 connects the first end of the reset unit 100, the 3rd termination of the timing unit 9 Ground connects positive source,

The 3rd end ground connection of the reset unit 100, the second end of the reset unit 100 connect the switch control unit 3 Input,

One end of the capacitive module 11 connects the first end of the reset unit 100, the other end of the capacitive module 11 connects Connect the input of the state recognition unit 7 or the output end of the connection switch element 4.

10. a kind of Self-resetting can limit the high back-pressure A circuit generator voltage controllers of frequency overcurrent protective, it is characterised in that including,

The sampling unit 1 has positive terminal, negative pole end and output end,

The threshold cell 2 has input and output end,

The switch control unit 3 includes input, output end and common port,

The switch element 4 has input, output end and earth terminal,

The afterflow unit 5 is fly-wheel diode,

The feedback unit 6 includes input and output end,

The state recognition unit 7 has positive terminal, input and output end,

The timing unit 9 has input, output end and the 3rd end,

The reset unit 200 has first end, the second end and the 3rd end,

The output end of the timing unit 9 connects the first end of the reset unit 200, the 3rd end of the timing unit 9 connects The output end of the switch control unit 3 is connect,

The 3rd end ground connection of the reset unit 200, the second end of the reset unit 200 connect the switch control unit 3 Input,

One end of the capacitive module 11 connects the first end of the reset unit 200, the other end of the capacitive module 11 connects Connect the input of the state recognition unit 7 or the output end of the connection switch element 4.