CN107512168B - A kind of engineering machinery hybrid transmissions - Google Patents

A kind of engineering machinery hybrid transmissions Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107512168B
CN107512168B CN201710645994.6A CN201710645994A CN107512168B CN 107512168 B CN107512168 B CN 107512168B CN 201710645994 A CN201710645994 A CN 201710645994A CN 107512168 B CN107512168 B CN 107512168B
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China
Prior art keywords
planet
motor
generator
planet row
row
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CN107512168A (en
Inventor
韩立金
项昌乐
刘辉
马越
伯琳
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/543Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a continuously variable transmission
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62DMOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D11/00Steering non-deflectable wheels; Steering endless tracks or the like
    • B62D11/02Steering non-deflectable wheels; Steering endless tracks or the like by differentially driving ground-engaging elements on opposite vehicle sides

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of hybrid transmissions, the hybrid transmissions 1 are made of three planet rows and three motor/generators, wherein: engine 2 passes through main clutch 3, driving front case 4 is connected with the gear ring 5 of the first planet row, the rotor 7 of first motor/generator 6 is connected by transmission gear 8 with the sun gear 9 of the first planet row, the rotor 11 of second motor/generator 10 is connected by transmission gear 12 with the gear ring 13 of the second planet row, the gear ring 13 of second planet row and the planet carrier 14 of the first planet row, the gear ring 15 of third planet row is rigidly connected, the rotor 17 of third motor/generator 16 is connected by zero axle 18 with the sun gear 19 of the second planet row, the rotor 17 of third motor/generator 16 passes through zero axle 18, transmission gear 20 It is connected with the sun gear 21 of third planet row, the planet carrier 23 of planet carrier 22 and the third planet row of the second planet row are the output element of the hybrid transmissions 1.

Description

A kind of engineering machinery hybrid transmissions
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of transmission device of vehicle more particularly to a kind of hybrid vehicle, especially engineering machinery With the hybrid transmissions of hybrid vehicle.
Background technique
Current petroleum resources shortage, and pure electric vehicle actuation techniques are not yet mature, thus electromechanical combined Technology of Hybrid Electric Vehicle at For the automobile energy-saving technology of most promotion prospect.Traditional engineering machinery generallys use diesel engine and is driven, due to its work Condition is complicated and changeable, it is therefore desirable to continually switch operating condition and carry out opening brake operating, power performance and the economy performance is paid no attention to Think.
It is the technology road of current putative most effective and feasible energy-saving and emission-reduction that engineering machinery, which uses hybrid power assembly, Line.Hybrid power electric drive system have amount of parts is few, high-efficient, structure is simple, manipulation is light, low noise advantages, add World today's energy shortage, domestic and international major engineering machinery company improves product using power-saving technology as development priority Competitiveness and occupation rate to future market.
Engineering machinery is in particular in energy-saving and environmental protection, cost and maintenance aspect using the core advantage of hybrid power system. 1) energy conservation aspect is not mechanically connected between engine and drive electricity, can control engine operation near optimal work point, thus Reach the mesh for reducing fuel consumption;The electric transmission of hybrid power system is high-efficient, with the fast development of electric machines control technology, Motor has higher operational efficiency;In descending or braking, driving motor realizes Brake energy recovery as generator.2) Environmentally friendly aspect can reduce the discharge of pollutant through control engine operation near optimum point;In use and maintenance process In, leakage can inevitably occur for the hydraulic oil of Traditional project machinery to pollute the environment, and hybrid power system is without harmful liquid Body discharge, with small vibration, noise is relatively low.3) cost, maintenance aspect, the probability of hydraulic system failure is higher, Er Qiejian It is inconvenient to survey maintenance, and the probability that hybrid power system breaks down is small, functional reliability is higher.
For hybrid power system due to its good power performance and the economy performance, application is more and more extensive.Domestic enterprise opens The hybrid power system of hair has mostly used series connection and scheme in parallel, however advanced hybrid power system mostly uses series parallel type Actuating unit.Toyota Prius obtains huge success, and, using planetary gear train as power connecting mechanism, engine will for it Power output is to a certain component of planetary gear train, and torque distributed to generator by fixed proportion by planetary gear train, and motor will be electric Mechanical energy can be changed into, laggard action edge output is superimposed with output shaft torque,.Due to using planetary gear train, can become in speed In the case where change, the generated energy by means of controlling generator carrys out regulator generator revolving speed, thus stablize engine speed, optimization hair Motivation working condition;The a whole set of speed change gear output range of speeds can also be expanded, to play the role of similar stepless transmission.
The steering mode of conventional track vehicle generally includes differential speed type and turns to and stand alone type steering.In differential speed type steering, While the speed of low speed crawler belt is reduced, the speed of high speed crawler belt is accordingly increased, and the incrementss of high speed crawler belt side speed Equal to the reduction amount of low speed crawler belt side speed.In stand alone type turns to, control can be separated and independently performed in interior outer track revolving speed, full The requirement of sufficient endless-track vehicle turning radius.Electromechanical combined drive technology is applied to endless-track vehicle by Northeastern University, and it is poor to propose certain The steering scheme (patent No. CN201120556816) of fast formula reduces the demand power of outside driving motor in steering procedure, But power needed for its motor needs while providing straight and turns to, therefore higher want is proposed to the design of motor and type selecting It asks.
Hybrid transmissions proposed by the present invention have comprehensively considered speed change and have turned to, and utilize electromechanical combined drive technology It realizes variable speed and zero differential speed type turns to.Apparatus structure form is succinct, compact, is easy to carry out engineering design.
Summary of the invention
The main object of the present invention is to provide a kind of engineering machinery hybrid transmissions, both can satisfy vehicle Traveling driving and electrodeless variable-speed function, and be able to achieve vehicle flexibly turn to even zero turn radius, it is various to meet endless-track vehicle The traveling demand of operating condition.
The purpose of the present invention can be realized by following approach:
A kind of hybrid transmissions, the hybrid transmissions 1 are by three planet rows and three motor/power generations Machine composition, in which: engine 2 is connected by main clutch 3, driving front case 4 with the gear ring 5 of the first planet row, the first motor/ The rotor 7 of generator 6 is connected by transmission gear 8 with the sun gear 9 of the first planet row, and the second motor/generator 10 turns Son 11 is connected by transmission gear 12 with the gear ring 13 of the second planet row, the gear ring 13 of the second planet row and the row of the first planet row The rigid connection of gear ring 15 of carrier 14, third planet row, the rotor 17 of third motor/generator 16 pass through zero axle 18 and second The sun gear 19 of planet row is connected, and the rotor 17 of third motor/generator 16 passes through zero axle 18, transmission gear 20 and the third line The sun gear 21 of star row is connected, and the planet carrier 23 of planet carrier 22 and the third planet row of the second planet row are the hybrid power transmission The output element of device 1.
Hybrid transmissions of the invention, further, wherein engine power passes through forward pass in straight operating condition Dynamic case is inputted by the gear ring 5 of the first planet row, is exported respectively by the sun gear 9 of the first planet row and planet carrier 14;By the first row The power that the sun gear 9 of star row exports flows into the first motor/generator 6, and the first motor/generator 6 serves as power generation at this time Machine power generation, and electric energy is provided to the second motor/generator 10;The power exported by the planet carrier 14 of the first planet row, wherein It is exported all the way by the planet carrier 23 that third planet row is arranged by third planet;In addition all the way with the second motor/generator 10 Output power is finally exported by the planet carrier 22 of the second planet row after converging by the second planet row;Third is electronic when straight operating condition Machine/generator 16 does not work.
Hybrid transmissions of the invention, further, wherein engine power is passed through in zero turn radius operating condition Driving front case is inputted by the gear ring 5 of the first planet row, is exported by the sun gear 9 of the first planet row, and the first motor/power generation is flowed into Machine 6, the first motor/generator 6 serves as electrical power generators at this time, and provides electric energy to third motor/generator 16;With this Third motor/generator 16 serves as output power of motor simultaneously, which wherein enters the second row by zero axle 18 all the way The sun gear 19 of star row is finally exported by the planet carrier 22 of the second planet row, in addition all the way by zero axle 18, transmission gear 20 into Enter the sun gear 21 of third planet row, is finally exported by the planet carrier 23 that third planet is arranged;Second motor/hair when straight operating condition Motor 10 does not work.
Hybrid transmissions of the invention, further, three motor/generators pass through conducting wire and controller Connection, controller are connected by conducting wire with power battery pack, select lithium ion battery here.
Hybrid transmissions of the invention, further, the motor/generator are permanent magnet synchronous electric Machine, and rotor is hollow shaft.
Hybrid transmissions of the invention, further, the engine are diesel engine.
A kind of engineering machinery hybrid transmissions, the device use above-mentioned hybrid transmissions.
The invention has the advantages that the engine power of system and two sides driving motor power pass through planet row coupling mechanism coupling Vehicle driving, efficiency with higher are driven after conjunction jointly, while controllable engine operation improves vehicle in ideal workspace Fuel economy;Zero turn radius may be implemented, improve the steering behaviour of vehicle;Choice of electrical machine is convenient, can choose function The slightly smaller motor of rate is driven, and the requirement of power performance index is still able to satisfy;Speed changer, nothing are eliminated in transmission system Shift control element realizes electrodeless variable-speed, and system structure is simple, improves the reliability of system.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic diagram of hybrid transmissions for carrying out the present invention.
Fig. 2 is straight operating condition power flow diagram.
Fig. 3 is zero turn radius operating condition power flow diagram.
Fig. 4 is the rotation speed relation figure for implementing the present invention program.
Specific embodiment
Engineering machinery hybrid transmissions of the invention are by three planet rows and three motor forms, input power Premenstrual transmission case is transmitted to planet row, and after coupling mechanism transmits, being output to motor A by sun gear makes its power generation.Coupling The power of power and motor the B output of the planet carrier of mechanism is collectively delivered to the gear ring of conflux planetary gear set, by conflux planetary gear set Planet carrier carries out power output, to realize variable speed.Power is inputed to two sides confluence planet by zero axle by steering motor The sun gear of row come realize zero differential speed type turn to.
The power of engine is transmitted to the gear ring of coupling mechanism through clutch, driving front case.The planet carrier of coupling mechanism with The gear ring of two sides conflux planetary gear set is connected, and is connected by gear with the rotor of motor B.The sun gear of coupling mechanism passes through tooth Wheel is connected with the rotor of motor A.
The sun gear of right side conflux planetary gear set is connected with zero axle.And the sun gear of left side conflux planetary gear set passes through gear and zero Axis is connected.Zero axle is connected with the rotor of steering motor.Power is exported by the planet carrier of two sides conflux planetary gear set.
Fig. 1 show a kind of hybrid transmissions representative embodiments for implementing the present invention program.This is mixed Actuating unit 1 is closed to be made of three planet rows and three motor/generators.The engine 2 of hybrid transmissions 1 It is connected by main clutch 3, driving front case 4 with the gear ring 5 of the first planet row.The rotor 7 of first motor/generator 6 passes through Transmission gear 8 is connected with the sun gear 9 of the first planet row.The rotor 11 of second motor/generator 10 passes through transmission gear 12 It is connected with the gear ring 13 of the second planet row.The gear ring 13 and the planet carrier 14 of the first planet row, third planet of second planet row are arranged Gear ring 15 be connected.The rotor 17 of third motor/generator 16 is connected by zero axle 18 with the sun gear 19 of the second planet row. The rotor 17 of third motor/generator 16 is connected by zero axle 18, transmission gear 20 with the sun gear 21 that third planet is arranged.The The planet carrier 23 of planet carrier 22 and the third planet row of two planet rows are the output element of the hybrid transmissions 1.
Fig. 2 show the device straight operating condition power flow diagram.Engine power is by driving front case by first at this time The gear ring 5 of planet row inputs, and is exported respectively by the sun gear 9 of the first planet row and planet carrier 14.By the sun of the first planet row The power of 9 output of wheel flows into the first motor/generators 6, and the first motor/generator 6 serves as electrical power generators at this time, and to Second motor/generator 10 provides electric energy.Another way is exported by the planet carrier 14 of the first planet row, wherein passing through third all the way The planet carrier 23 that planet row is arranged by third planet exports;In addition the output power all the way with the second motor/generator 10 converges It is finally exported afterwards by the planet carrier 22 of the second planet row by the second planet row.Third motor/generator 16 when straight operating condition It does not work.
Fig. 3 show the device zero turn radius operating condition power flow diagram.At this time engine power by driving front case by The gear ring 5 of first planet row inputs, and is exported by the sun gear 9 of the first planet row, flows into the first motor/generator 6, and at this time the One motor/generator 6 serves as electrical power generators, and provides electric energy to third motor/generator 16.Third electricity at the same time Motivation/generator 16 serves as output power of motor.The power wherein enters the sun of the second planet row by zero axle 18 all the way Wheel 19, is finally exported by the planet carrier 22 of the second planet row;In addition enter third planet by zero axle 18, transmission gear 20 all the way The sun gear 21 of row is finally exported by the planet carrier 23 that third planet is arranged.Second motor/generator 10 not work when straight operating condition Make.
Fig. 4 show the speed diagram of input link, output link and two motors when implementing the present invention program.The present invention The advantages of be: the engine power of system drives vehicle after coupling with two sides driving motor power by planet row coupling mechanism jointly Traveling, efficiency with higher, while controllable engine operation improves the fuel-economy of vehicle in ideal workspace Property;Zero turn radius may be implemented, improve the steering behaviour of vehicle;Choice of electrical machine is convenient, can choose the slightly smaller motor of power It is driven, is still able to satisfy the requirement of power performance index;Speed changer, no shift control member are eliminated in transmission system Part realizes electrodeless variable-speed, and system structure is simple, improves the reliability of system.
Certainly, the above is only one embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that the common skill of the art For art personnel, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications It belongs within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of hybrid transmissions, the hybrid transmissions (1) are by three planet rows and three motor/power generations Machine composition, in which: engine (2) is connected by main clutch (3), driving front case (4) with the gear ring (5) of the first planet row, the The rotor (7) of one motor/generator (6) is connected by transmission gear (8) with the sun gear (9) of the first planet row, the second electricity The rotor (11) of motivation/generator (10) is connected by transmission gear (12) with the gear ring (13) of the second planet row, the second planet Gear ring (15) rigid connection of the planet carrier (14), third planet row of the gear ring (13) and the first planet row of row, third motor/ The rotor (17) of generator (16) is connected by zero axle (18) with the sun gear (19) of the second planet row, third motor/power generation The rotor (17) of machine (16) is connected by zero axle (18), transmission gear (20) with the sun gear (21) that third planet is arranged, the second row The planet carrier (22) of star row and the planet carrier (23) of third planet row are the output element of the hybrid transmissions (1).
2. hybrid transmissions described in claim 1, wherein engine power passes through driving front case in straight operating condition It is inputted by the gear ring (5) of the first planet row, is exported respectively by the sun gear (9) of the first planet row and planet carrier (14);By first The power of sun gear (9) output of planet row flows into the first motor/generator (6), at this time the first motor/generator (6) Electrical power generators are served as, and provide electric energy to the second motor/generator (10);It is exported by the planet carrier (14) of the first planet row Power, wherein planet carrier (23) output arrange all the way by third planet row by third planet;In addition electronic with second all the way The output power of machine/generator (10) is finally exported by the planet carrier (22) of the second planet row after converging by the second planet row; Third motor/generator (16) does not work when straight operating condition.
3. hybrid transmissions described in claim 1, wherein engine power passes through forward pass in zero turn radius operating condition Dynamic case is inputted by the gear ring (5) of the first planet row, is exported by the sun gear (9) of the first planet row, is flowed into the first motor/power generation Machine (6), the first motor/generator (6) serves as electrical power generators at this time, and provides electricity to third motor/generator (16) Energy;Third motor/generator (16) serves as output power of motor at the same time, which wherein passes through zero axle (18) all the way It is exported into the sun gear (19) of the second planet row, finally by the planet carrier (22) of the second planet row, in addition passes through zero axle all the way (18), transmission gear (20) enters the sun gear (21) of third planet row, is finally exported by the planet carrier (23) of third planet row; The second motor/generator (10) does not work when straight operating condition.
4. hybrid transmissions described in claim 1, wherein three motor/generators pass through conducting wire and controller Connection, controller are connected by conducting wire with power battery pack, and power battery selects lithium ion battery.
5. hybrid transmissions described in claim 1, wherein the motor/generator is permanent magnet synchronous electric Machine, and rotor is hollow shaft.
6. hybrid transmissions described in claim 1, wherein the engine is diesel engine.
7. a kind of engineering machinery hybrid transmissions, the device is using any hybrid power of claim 1-6 Transmission device.
CN201710645994.6A 2017-08-01 2017-08-01 A kind of engineering machinery hybrid transmissions Active CN107512168B (en)

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US11220171B2 (en) 2018-05-30 2022-01-11 Cecil A. Weeramantry Drivetrain architecture
CN108597348B (en) * 2018-06-28 2019-11-22 北京理工大学 Zero differential speed type split path transmission demo system of one kind and method

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DE102012024220A1 (en) * 2012-12-11 2014-06-12 Daimler Ag Multi-speed transmission for motor vehicle, has first planetary gear set, second planetary gear set and third planetary gear set, which are operatively connected to one another, where output shaft is connected with coupling element
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