CN107475487B - A kind of production method of low-carbon and low-alloy high intensity high/low temperature toughness steel-casting - Google Patents
A kind of production method of low-carbon and low-alloy high intensity high/low temperature toughness steel-casting Download PDFInfo
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- CN107475487B CN107475487B CN201710521128.6A CN201710521128A CN107475487B CN 107475487 B CN107475487 B CN 107475487B CN 201710521128 A CN201710521128 A CN 201710521128A CN 107475487 B CN107475487 B CN 107475487B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
- C21D1/60—Aqueous agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of production methods of low-carbon and low-alloy high intensity high/low temperature toughness steel-casting, meet for producing chemical analysis: C:0.16wt%~0.24wt%, Si≤0.60wt%, Mn≤1.20wt%, P≤0.04wt%, S≤0.045wt%, performance meet tensile strength >=780MPa, yield strength >=630MPa, elongation percentage >=13%, the contraction percentage of area >=35%, under the conditions of -40 DEG C impact flexibility mean value Akv >=27J steel-casting, it is poured to form steel-casting by casting technique, steel-casting is heat-treated again, steel-casting is heated to AC3+ 80 DEG C~AC3Steel-casting is put into continuous coo1ing in salt water after heat preservation 4~8 hours by+120 DEG C of hardening heat.The method of the present invention significantly shorten it is with short production cycle, reduce production cost, improve production efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention patent relates to a kind of production methods of low-carbon and low-alloy high intensity high/low temperature toughness steel-casting, and in particular to
Obtain used heat treatment process when the steel-casting of high-intensitive, high low-temperature impact-resistant toughness.
Background technique
For requiring chemical component to meet: C:0.16wt%~0.24wt%, Si≤0.60wt%, Mn≤1.20wt%, P
≤ 0.04wt%, S≤0.045wt%, performance requirement meet tensile strength >=780MPa, yield strength >=630MPa, elongation percentage
>=13%, the contraction percentage of area >=35%, under the conditions of -40 DEG C impact flexibility mean value Akv >=27J steel-casting, generally use quenching+
The heat-treatment technology method of tempering, the mechanical property of casting after heat treatment: obtained tensile strength: 780MPa~820MPa,
Yield strength: 640MPa~670MPa, elongation percentage: 17%~19%, contraction percentage of area: 57%~64%, under the conditions of -40 DEG C
Impact flexibility Akv mean value is 20J~40J, and intensity all meets the requirements substantially, but be not it is very high, impact flexibility is lower or unstable,
Impacting deviation is 30%~300%.
In the mechanics of materials, the intensity and toughness of metal material are a pair of indexs mutually restricted, i.e. intensity improves, impact
Toughness will decline, and especially under conditions of operating temperature is low, brittle fracture tendency can be increased.Low-alloy cast steel part is come
It says, higher toughness is pursued while obtaining high intensity, generally use addition alloying element and heat treatment quenching and tempering technique is realized,
But the addition and proportion of alloying element, Influencing Mechanism is complex, some not only can be improved intensity but also toughness can be improved, but have
Although intensity can be improved but reducing toughness a bit, therefore, in actual production, deployed by ingredient, Lai Tigao intensity and low
Warm impact flexibility needs higher professional skill, needs to do a large amount of verification experimental verification, increases smelting cost.
Casting strength and low-temperature impact toughness, the heat treatment side for reducing low-temperature impact toughness deviation are improved in the prior art
Method mainly has, and one, using quenching+tempering process twice, two, using a normalizing+tempering process of primary quenching+one time,
Hardening media uses water, wherein tempering is usually high tempering, both heat treatment methods all increase production cost, extend
Production cycle.
Summary of the invention
For the technology drawback for overcoming the prior art, the present invention provides conjunction that is a kind of while improving intensity and low-temperature impact toughness
Gold element mix proportion scheme and heat treatment process with short production cycle realize in inexpensive, high efficiency production background technique there is composition
And the steel-casting that performance limits.
Technical solution of the present invention are as follows: a kind of production method of low-carbon and low-alloy high intensity high/low temperature toughness steel-casting is used for
It produces chemical analysis to meet: C:0.16wt%~0.24wt%, Si≤0.60wt%, Mn≤1.20wt%, P≤0.04wt%, S
≤ 0.045wt%, performance meet tensile strength >=780MPa, yield strength >=630MPa, elongation percentage >=13%, the contraction percentage of area
The steel-casting of impact flexibility mean value Akv >=27J, is poured to form steel-casting by casting technique, then right under the conditions of >=35%, -40 DEG C
Steel-casting is heat-treated, and steel-casting is heated to AC3+ 80 DEG C~AC3+ 120 DEG C of hardening heat will after heat preservation 4~8 hours
Steel-casting is put into continuous coo1ing in salt water.
Further, the concentration of the salt water is 5%~10%, and the concentration of salt water described herein refers to mass percent.
Suitable salt is added in water, after so that high temperature workpiece is immersed the cooling medium, the crystal of salt is precipitated immediately in steam mem stage
Explosion, steam blanket is destroyed, while peeling that the objects such as the oxide skin of cast(ing) surface and scab can be scraped, medium can be improved in this way
Cooling capacity in high-temperature region.So brine hardening can obtain relatively high and uniform hardness and strength, and obtain more
More martensitic structures obtains high intensity, toughness for subsequent tempering and lays the foundation.Since brine hardening is cooling uniformly, deformation
The tendency of cracking is smaller than water, by a large amount of it is demonstrated experimentally that when brine strength is between 5%~15%, with brine strength
Increase, cooling rate speed improves, but when concentration is increased to 20%, because liquid viscosity increases, cooling velocity reduces instead, even
Cooling velocity corresponding lower than 5% brine strength.For steel-casting described in this patent, especially large-scale steel-casting, consider
Cast-internal has some casting flaws, if cooling rate is too fast, stress is larger, and casting is easy cracking and hardening media cost
With by a large amount of heat treatment tests obtain needed for performance cooling rate demand, comprehensively consider determining this patent use the concentration of salt water for
5%~10%.
Further, hardening heat≤950 DEG C, avoid Austenite Grain Growth.
Further, steel-casting in casting process into mild steel be added 0.45wt%~0.9wt% Cr,
Mo, 0.6wt% of 0.3wt%~0.8wt%~1.2wt% Ni alloying element.Chromium (Cr): usual chromium can significantly improve cast steel
Part intensity, hardness and wearability, but plasticity and toughness are reduced simultaneously.Molybdenum (Mo): molybdenum can make the crystal grain refinement of steel-casting, and raising is quenched
Permeability and thermostrength keep enough intensity and creep resisting ability at high temperature.Steel-casting can also be inhibited due to tempering and
Caused brittleness improves low-temperature impact toughness.Nickel (Ni): nickel can improve the intensity of cast steel, while steel-casting can be made to keep good again
Good plasticity and low-temperature flexibility.The additional amount of specific Cr, Mo, Ni are each in the classification i.e. low-alloy steel according to low-alloy steel first
Alloying element total amount≤5wt%；It secondly is to increase the element for improving intensity according to the behavior pattern determination of steel-casting under ultimate constituent
Content increases the constituent content of raising low-temperature flexibility still further to improve performance；It finally also to be calculated according to carbon equivalent public
Formula, cool attenuation formula of index and harden ability calculation formula COMPREHENSIVE CALCULATING compare, and each element amount of ultimately joining is with carbon
Equivalent, cool attenuation index are relatively small, and harden ability preferably finally determines the suitable additional amount of Cr, Mo, Ni.Carbon is worked as
Amount, cool attenuation index is relatively small that casting is effectively prevent to crack, and is conducive to the repair welding of casting defect.It quenches
Permeability preferably can guarantee that the heavy castings of certain wall thickness obtain high intensity and high service performance.This patent is a large amount of by production
Composite test verifying, it is final determine Cr content be 0.45wt%~0.90wt%, Mo content be 0.30wt%~0.80wt%,
Ni content is 0.60wt%~1.20wt%.
According to the low-carbon and low-alloy high intensity high/low temperature toughness steel-casting that aforementioned production method produces, every mechanical property refers to
Be designated as: tensile strength is 800MPa~850MPa, and yield strength is 680MPa~760MPa, and elongation percentage is 18%~20%, is broken
Face shrinking percentage: 55%~65%, impact flexibility mean value Akv is 48J~65J under the conditions of -40 DEG C, impact flexibility minimum value and maximum
Being worth deviation is 15%~20%.
Technical effect of the invention is as follows:
1. the hardening heat generallyd use in the prior art is AC3+ (50 DEG C~80 DEG C), the hardening heat that the present invention uses
For AC3+ (80 DEG C~120 DEG C), higher than the hardening heat of the prior art, the present invention can be promoted by improving quenching and preserving heat temperature
It is fused into austenite into ferrite, makes ferrite Dispersed precipitate, prevent Austenite Grain Growth, to refine crystal grain, improve casting
The low-temperature flexibility of part.
2. Cr, Mo, Ni alloying element when casting steel-casting, is added in the method for the present invention into melting material, casting is carried out
In heat treatment process, when casting being heated to hardening heat being kept the temperature, these alloying elements fuse into austenitic matrix tissue,
Make cast structure ingredient more uniformization, to improve the intensity and low-temperature impact toughness of casting.
, can be to avoid Austenite Grain Growth 3. hardening heat is limited to≤950 DEG C in the present invention, and tiny former Ovshinsky
The raising of body crystal grain On Impact Toughness is advantageous.
4. the selection of cooling medium, the prior art generallys use water, and the present invention uses salt water, when both having reduced casting quenching
The risk of cracking, and significantly improve the cooling velocity of casting, make the phase transformation of austenite structure avoid pearlite, sorbite,
The phase change region of troostite quenches austenite structure phase transformation in cooling procedure and is converted into martensitic structure, to significantly improve
The impact flexibility of material.
5. using the method for the present invention, while guaranteeing that low-carbon low-alloy steel can obtain high intensity, low temperature ensure that
Impact flexibility can be very big raising, and impact each class value it is comparatively uniform, deviation reduce；The type material is reached
The comprehensive performance used at low ambient temperatures has excavated the potential of material, is provided into broader using market for the material
Strong data are supported.
6. the heat treatment process of the prior art is to quench+tempering process or a normalizing+primary quenching+one twice
Secondary tempering process, compared to the prior art the method for the present invention without tempering, shortens process flow, easy to operate, is conducive to
Castings production improves production efficiency, reduces production cost.
Specific embodiment
3 embodiments that lower section is listed choose the steel-casting that phosphorus content is 0.22%.
After implementing three above embodiment, each performance indicator such as following table of casting, wherein impact flexibility is in -40 DEG C of conditions
Lower measurement, impact value deviation=(impact value maximum value-impact value minimum value)/impact value minimum value.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of production method of low-carbon and low-alloy high intensity high/low temperature toughness steel-casting meets for producing chemical analysis: C:
0.16wt%~0.24wt%, Si≤0.60wt%, Mn≤1.20wt%, P≤0.04wt%, S≤0.045wt%, performance are full
Sufficient tensile strength >=780MPa, yield strength >=630MPa, elongation percentage >=13%, the contraction percentage of area >=35%, under the conditions of -40 DEG C
The steel-casting of impact flexibility mean value Akv >=27J, is poured to form steel-casting by casting technique, then be heat-treated steel-casting,
Be characterized in that, the steel-casting in casting process into mild steel be added 0.45wt%~0.9wt% Cr, 0.3wt%~
Mo, 0.6wt% of 0.8wt%~1.2wt% Ni alloying element, the heat treatment is quenching treatment, and steel-casting is heated to
Hardening heat, hardening heat AC3+ 80 DEG C~AC3After+120 DEG C, heat preservation 4~8 hours, steel-casting is put into continuous cold in salt water
But.
2. production method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the concentration of the salt water is 5%~10%.
3. production method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that hardening heat≤950 DEG C.
4. a kind of low-carbon and low-alloy high intensity high/low temperature toughness steel-casting of production method production according to claim 1, special
Sign is that tensile strength is 800MPa~850MPa, and yield strength is 680MPa~760MPa, and elongation percentage is 18%~20%,
The contraction percentage of area: 55%~65%, impact flexibility mean value Akv is 48J~65J under the conditions of -40 DEG C, impact flexibility minimum value with most
Big value deviation is 15%~20%.
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| CN110899662A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-03-24 | 北京航空航天大学青岛研究院 | Cooling method for rapid solidification of wheel core of low-pressure cast aluminum alloy wheel |
| CN111154956B (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2021-11-30 | 安徽应流集团霍山铸造有限公司 | Heat treatment method of medium-carbon low-alloy steel |
| CN113151733A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-07-23 | 天瑞集团铸造有限公司 | High-strength high-toughness cold-resistant wear-resistant cast steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN113403568A (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2021-09-17 | 温岭市云福热处理厂 | Low-carbon steel and heat treatment process thereof |
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| JPS60218460A (en) * | 1984-04-13 | 1985-11-01 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | High tension cast steel |
| US5330707A (en) * | 1993-06-25 | 1994-07-19 | National Forge Company | Steel for making very large pipe molds |
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