CN107448044A - A kind of Self-resetting marmem damper and its assembly method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a kind of Self-resetting marmem damper, including interior bar, outer barrel, slide damper, pre-compressed spring, connecting element, some shape-memory alloy wires, band tooth disk, two end anchors, the barrel of the outer barrel forms the hollow interlayer of sealing for double-decker and is filled with water；Two end anchors are symmetrically fixed on the endoporus both ends of outer barrel, band tooth disk is fixed in the middle part of interior bar center-pole, the interior bar is centrally positioned in outer barrel along axis and passes through the centre bore with tooth disk, end anchor, the pre-compressed spring and slide damper are symmetrically disposed in end anchor and with the interior bars between tooth disk, and the shape-memory alloy wire is equably fixed between band tooth disk and two end anchors.Present invention also offers a kind of assembly method of Self-resetting marmem damper.The present invention is simple in construction, connection is reliable, easy to realize.The damper provides reliable reset capability using spring, without residual displacement during unloading, and has stable service behaviour.

Description

A self-resetting shape memory alloy damper and its assembly method

technical field

The invention relates to the field of structural vibration control in civil engineering, in particular to a damper with complete self-resetting capability and good energy dissipation capability and an assembly method thereof.

Background technique

Earthquakes have brought various degrees of harm to human society. Under the action of earthquakes, buildings will be damaged to varying degrees. In order to effectively reduce the loss caused by earthquake damage, structural vibration control technology has been fully valued and developed. By setting energy-consuming shock-absorbing equipment (such as dampers) at specific parts of the building, the dynamic characteristics of the structure or the impact of earthquakes can be changed. function, and finally achieve the purpose of reducing the vibration response of the structure. At present, many scholars have proposed self-resetting shape memory alloy dampers, which are mostly tension-compression devices, and use the superelasticity of shape memory alloy wires to dissipate energy and reset. However, using the shape memory alloy wire to provide the restoring force is easily affected by the external environment, and the cost is relatively high.

Contents of the invention

In order to improve the self-resetting characteristics of the damper and simplify the structure of the damper, the present invention provides a self-resetting shape memory alloy damper and its assembly method that use a spring to provide a restoring force and use a toothed disc to fix the wire and the assembly method thereof. Simpler, the working environment temperature of the shape memory alloy wire group has a smaller amplitude change, the mechanical properties are more stable, and at the same time, it has the ability to automatically recover from deformation.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is:

A self-resetting shape memory alloy damper, including an inner rod, an outer cylinder, a sliding baffle, a preload spring, connecting elements, a number of evenly distributed shape memory alloy wires, a toothed disc, and two end anchors, the The wall of the outer cylinder is a double-layer structure to form a sealed hollow interlayer and filled with water; the inner rod includes a central rod, a middle component that is connected to both ends of the central rod through threads, and a component that is connected to the other ends of the two middle components through threads. End assembly: two end anchors are symmetrically fixed at both ends of the inner hole of the outer cylinder, the toothed disc is fixed in the middle of the center rod of the inner rod, and the inner rod is centrally arranged in the outer cylinder along the axis and passes through the toothed circle The central hole of the disk and the end anchor, the preload spring and the sliding baffle are symmetrically arranged on the inner rod between the end anchor and the toothed disk, and the shape memory alloy wire is evenly tensioned around the toothed The protruding teeth of the disc are fixed between the toothed disc and the two end anchors, and the connecting element is hollow and convex, and is connected with the end of the outer cylinder through threads.

Further, a central hole is provided in the center of the toothed disc, and several protruding teeth are evenly provided on the edge along the circumference, and an internal thread that matches the external thread of the central rod of the internal rod is provided in the central hole.

Further, the width of the protruding teeth gradually increases along the radial direction away from the central hole of the tooth disk, which is used to clamp the shape memory alloy wire groups on the left and right sides, and prevent the wire groups from moving in the normal direction of the ring without Disengagement; each side of the protruding tooth is polished and smoothed to prevent the shape memory alloy wire from being cut.

Further, the end anchor includes a nested end anchor ring and an end anchor plug, one end of the end anchor ring is provided with a number of screw holes along the circumference, and the other end is provided with a number of screw holes along the circumference. through the reserved wire holes of the shape memory alloy wire, and the positions of every two reserved wire holes correspond to the two sides of the protruding teeth; the center of the end anchor ring is provided with a tapered hole and a central through hole in sequence; The end anchor plug is in the shape of a hollow truncated cone, and the bottom end of the cone is provided with an annular flange, and several screw holes and reserved thread holes are arranged on the annular flange along the circumference.

Further, the included angle between the inner wall of the tapered hole and the end face of the end anchor ring is 81 ^° to 87 ^° , and the included angle between the conical surface of the end anchor plug and the end face of the end anchor plug is 93 ^° to 99 ^°

Further, the outer peripheral wall of the end anchor ring is uniformly provided with several screw holes along the circumferential direction, and the outer peripheral walls at both ends of the outer cylinder are provided with several screw holes along the circumferential direction.

Further, the diameter of the reserved wire hole is 1-3 mm, and the diameter of the shape memory alloy wire is 0.2-2.0 mm.

Further, the outer cylinder is made of hollow double-layer steel pipes, and the interlayer of the double-layer steel pipes is provided with supporting ribs, and filled with water, using the characteristic of large specific heat of water, when the ambient temperature changes, the water is stored or released Heat, thereby reducing the operating temperature variation amplitude of the shape memory alloy wire in the damper, and ensuring more stable mechanical properties of the damper. The structure of this solution is simple and easy to process, and the supporting ribs also help to improve the stability of the outer cylinder.

A method for assembling a self-resetting shape memory alloy damper as described, comprising the steps of:

Step 1. Insert the center rod of the inner rod into the center hole of the toothed disc and fix it with threads, connect the two middle parts of the inner rod with the center rod of the inner rod through threads, and squeeze the belt through the extrusion force of the two middle parts. The toothed disc is clamped so that the toothed disc and the inner rod are connected as a whole;

Step 2. Put the pre-compression spring and the sliding baffle into the inner rod. One end of the pre-compression spring is in contact with the sliding baffle, and the other end is in contact with the toothed disc. The pre-compression spring is applied to the pre-compression spring through the sliding stop, and then the The two end components of the inner rod are respectively connected with the two middle components through threads, and the two end components support the sliding baffle, thereby locking the applied preload in the preload spring;

Step 3. Pass the shape memory alloy wire around the convex teeth of the toothed disc from the left and right sides respectively, put all the components connected with the inner rod into the outer cylinder, and then pass the shape memory alloy wire protruding from the outer cylinder through the end The reserved thread hole of the anchor ring, and the outer cylinder and the end anchor ring are fixed together with screws;

Step 4. Pass the outer end of the shape memory alloy wire through the reserved wire hole of the end anchor plug, and stretch it to the target pre-strain, and finally use the screw to generate clamping force between the end anchor ring and the end anchor plug. Realize the fixation of the stretched shape memory alloy wire;

Step 5. After the above assembly is completed, water is injected into the hollow interlayer of the outer cylinder, and sealing measures are taken;

Step 6. Install connecting elements on the end of the outer cylinder for connection with the building structure;

Further, the target prestrain described in step 4 is 2-4%.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and effects:

(1) The structure is simple and easy to realize. For example, the shape memory alloy wire directly bypasses the convex tooth disc in the middle of the damper; the components of the inner rod are connected by threads, and the components of the anchorage, as well as the end anchor and the outer cylinder are connected by screws. The connection is reliable and easy to realize.

(2) The damper has excellent self-resetting characteristics: the mechanical properties of the spring are stable, and the restoring force provided to the damper by the spring is reliable, so that the damper has excellent self-resetting characteristics.

(3) Water is injected into the interlayer of the outer cylinder, and the temperature variation amplitude of the working environment of the shape memory alloy wire group is smaller, so the superelastic performance of the memory alloy is more stable, and the mechanical properties of the damper are more stable.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a self-resetting shape memory alloy damper according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of the inner rod of the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic side view of a toothed disc according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a front view of the toothed disc of the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the end anchor structure of the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a front view of the anchor ring of the end anchor.

Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view along C-C in Fig. 6 .

FIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic diagram of L in FIG. 7 .

Fig. 9 is a front view of the anchor plug of the end anchor.

Fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view along B-B in Fig. 9 .

Fig. 11 is a front view of the connecting element of the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the connection element of the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the connection process between the toothed disk, the shape memory alloy wire group and the central rod.

Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of the connection process between the toothed disc and the preloaded spring.

Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of the connection process between the end anchor and the outer cylinder.

Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of the connection process between the end anchor and the shape memory alloy wire group.

Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of the connection process between the connecting element and the outer cylinder.

In the figure: 1-inner rod; 11-central rod; 12-middle component; 13-first end component; 14-second end component; 2-sliding baffle; 3-preload spring; 4-shape memory Alloy wire; 5-toothed disc; 51-convex teeth; 6-outer cylinder; 61-hollow interlayer; 7-end anchor; 71-end anchor plug; 72-end anchor ring; ; 9 - Connecting elements.

detailed description

Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail:

Embodiment one

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a self-resetting shape memory alloy damper includes an inner rod 1, an outer cylinder 6, a sliding baffle 2, a preload spring 3, a number of evenly distributed shape memory alloy wires 4, a toothed Disc 5, two end anchors 7, insulation material layer, the cylinder wall of the outer cylinder 6 is a double-layer structure to form a sealed hollow interlayer 61 and filled with water, using the characteristic of large specific heat of water, when the ambient temperature changes , the water stores or releases heat, thereby reducing the operating temperature variation amplitude of the shape memory alloy wire in the damper and ensuring more stable mechanical properties of the damper; the outer cylinder of this embodiment is made of a hollow double-layer steel pipe, In addition, the interlayer of the double-layer steel pipe is provided with support ribs, the structure is simple and easy to process, and the support ribs also help to improve the stability of the outer cylinder; The middle assembly 12 at the end is respectively connected to the end assembly at the other end of the two middle assemblies 12 through threads; the two end anchors 7 are symmetrically fixed on both ends of the inner hole of the outer cylinder 6, and the toothed disc 5 is fixed on the center rod of the inner rod 11 middle part, the inner rod 1 is set centrally in the outer cylinder 6 along the axis and passes through the central hole of the toothed disc 5 and the end anchor 7, and the pre-compressed spring 3 and the sliding baffle 2 are symmetrically arranged at the end On the inner rod 1 between the anchor 7 and the toothed disc 5, the shape memory alloy wire 4 is evenly stretched around the convex teeth of the toothed disc 5 and fixed on the toothed disc 5 and the two ends Between the anchors 7, the connecting element 9 is in a hollow convex shape, and is connected with the end of the outer cylinder 6 through threads (see Fig. 11 and Fig. 12 ).

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, a central hole is provided in the center of the toothed disc, and four protruding teeth 51 are evenly arranged on the edge along the circumferential direction, and a central rod connected to the inner rod 1 is arranged in the central hole. 11. The external thread matches the internal thread. The width of the protruding teeth 51 gradually increases along the radial direction away from the central hole of the tooth disc 5, and is used to hold the shape memory alloy wire groups on the left and right sides, and prevent the wire groups from moving in the normal direction of the ring and detaching ; Each side of the protruding tooth 51 has been polished and smoothed to prevent the shape memory alloy wire from being cut off.

As shown in Figures 5 to 10, the end anchor 7 includes a nested end anchor ring 71 and an end anchor plug 72, one end of the end anchor ring 71 is provided with a number of screw holes along the circumferential direction, and the other One end is provided with 8 reserved wire holes 8 with a diameter of 2mm for passing through the shape memory alloy wire 4 along the circumference, and the positions of every two reserved wire holes 8 correspond to the two sides of the protruding teeth 51; The center of the end anchor ring 71 is sequentially provided with a tapered hole and a central through hole; the end anchor plug 72 is hollow in the shape of a truncated cone, and the bottom end of the cone is provided with an annular flange. A number of screw holes and a reserved thread hole 8 with a diameter of 2mm are provided.

The angle between the inner wall of the tapered hole and the end face of the end anchor ring 71 is 84.29 ^° , and the angle between the conical surface of the end anchor plug 72 and the end face of the end anchor plug 72 is 95.71 ^°

A plurality of screw holes are evenly arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the end anchor ring 71 along the circumferential direction, and a plurality of screw holes are arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the two ends of the outer cylinder 6 along the circumferential direction.

In this embodiment, the length of the self-resetting shape memory alloy damper is 1 m and the stroke is 8.4 mm, the length and outer diameter of the outer cylinder 6 are 800 mm and 70 mm respectively; the number of shape memory alloy wires 4 is 4 or ( Each side), the diameter and length are 1 mm and 280 mm, respectively, and the pre-strain is 3.5%; the spring stiffness is 20 N/mm, and the pre-load is 600 N; the length of the inner rod 1 is 1 m, the end anchor 7 and the toothed disc The total length of 5 is 60mm and 30mm respectively.

The working principle of the self-resetting shape memory alloy damper provided in this embodiment is roughly as follows:

When a certain external force acts on the self-resetting shape memory alloy damper, the inner rod 1 and the outer cylinder 6 will move relative to each other. The inner rod 1 will drive the toothed disc 5 to move together, and the outer cylinder 6 will drive the end anchor 7 to move together. For two sets of pre-stretched shape memory alloy wires 4, when the inner rod 1 moves to the right relative to the outer cylinder 6, the wire group on the left side of the inner rod 1 will elongate, resulting in an increase in the tensile stress of the wire group; The wire group on the right side of rod 1 will shorten, resulting in a decrease in the tensile stress of the wire group, and vice versa. Therefore, a stress difference will appear between the two sets of wires, and the internal force balanced with this stress difference will dissipate energy in this relative movement. For the two preload springs 3, when the inner rod 1 moves to the right relative to the outer cylinder 6, since the inner rod 1 drives the sliding baffle plate 2 on the left, the preload spring 3 on the left side of the inner rod 1 acts as a rigid body to the right Translational movement, and maintain the original length; because the sliding baffle 2 on the right is stationary relative to the outer cylinder 6, the preload spring 3 on the right side of the inner rod 1 will be compressed, and vice versa. Therefore, the spring compressed during this process will generate an elastic restoring force to return the inner rod. Therefore, this damper has complete self-resetting ability and good energy dissipation capacity. At the same time, under the action of the water in the insulating material layer and the hollow interlayer 61, the overall temperature of the damper can be controlled within an appropriate range, so that the damping The working performance of the device is more stable.

Embodiment two

As shown in Figures 13 to 17, a method for assembling the self-resetting shape memory alloy damper includes steps:

S1. Insert the center rod 11 of the inner rod 1 into the center hole of the toothed disc 5 and fix it with threads, connect the two middle components 12 of the inner rod 1 with the center rod 11 of the inner rod 1 through threads, and pass the two middle components The extrusion force of 12 clamps the toothed disk 5, so that the toothed disk 5 is connected with the inner rod 1 as a whole (see Figure 13);

S2. Put the preload spring 3 and the sliding baffle 2 into the inner rod 1, one end of the preload spring 3 is in contact with the sliding baffle 2, and the other end is in contact with the toothed disc 55, and the preload spring is paired with the sliding baffle 2 3 Apply a preload, and then connect the two end assemblies of the inner rod 1 to the two middle assemblies 12 through threads respectively, and the two end assemblies support the sliding baffle 2, thereby locking the applied preload in the preload spring 3 (see Figure 14);

S3. Wrap the shape memory alloy wire 4 around the protruding teeth 51 of the toothed disc 5 from the left and right sides respectively, put all the components connected with the inner rod 1 into the outer cylinder 6, and then extend the shape of the outer cylinder 6 The memory alloy wire 4 passes through the reserved wire hole 8 of the end anchor ring 71, and the outer cylinder 6 and the end anchor ring 71 are fixed together by screws (see Figure 15);

S4. Pass the outer end of the shape memory alloy wire 4 through the reserved wire hole 8 of the end anchor plug 72, and stretch it to a pre-strain of 2 to 4%, and finally use screws to connect the end anchor ring 71 to the end anchor. The anchor plug 72 generates a clamping force to realize the fixation of the stretched shape memory alloy wire 4 (see FIG. 16 );

S5. After the above assembly is completed, inject 1700mL of water into the hollow interlayer 61 of the outer cylinder 6, and take sealing measures. Because the specific heat capacity of water is large, it can well slow down the impact of external temperature changes on the performance of the damper. The principle is: before the water is injected, the heat input from the outside is absorbed by the components of the damper (the main component is steel); after the water is injected, the heat input from the outside is absorbed by the water and the components together. Due to the large specific heat capacity of water, when the external temperature changes, it can effectively reduce the working temperature change amplitude of the shape memory alloy inside the damper, thereby improving the working performance of the damper;

S6, install the connecting element 9 on the end of the outer cylinder 6 for connection with the building structure (see Figure 17);

The above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, rather than limiting the implementation of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other changes or changes in different forms can be made on the basis of the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to exhaustively list all the implementation manners here. All modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A self-resetting shape memory alloy damper, characterized in that it includes an inner rod (1), an outer cylinder (6), a sliding baffle (2), a preload spring (3), a connecting element (9), several Evenly distributed shape memory alloy wires (4), a toothed disc (5), and two end anchors (7), the wall of the outer cylinder (6) is a double-layer structure to form a sealed hollow interlayer (61) and filled with water; the inner rod (1) includes a central rod (11), a middle component (12) connected to two ends of the central rod (11) through threads, and connected to the other ends of the two middle components (12) through threads The end assembly; two end anchors (7) are symmetrically fixed at both ends of the inner hole of the outer cylinder (6), and the toothed disc (5) is fixed in the middle of the center rod (11) of the inner rod, and the inner rod (1 ) is centrally arranged in the outer cylinder (6) along the axis and passes through the central hole of the toothed disc (5) and the end anchor (7), and the pre-compressed spring (3) and the sliding baffle (2) are symmetrical Arranged on the inner rod (1) between the end anchor (7) and the toothed disc (5), the shape memory alloy wire (4) is evenly tightened around the protrusion of the toothed disc (5). The tooth (51) is fixed between the toothed disc (5) and the two end anchors (7), the connecting element (9) is in the shape of a hollow convex shape, and is connected with the end of the outer cylinder (6) through threads connect. 2. The self-resetting shape memory alloy damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: the center of the toothed disc is provided with a central hole, and the edge is uniformly provided with several convex teeth (51) along the circumferential direction, and the center An internal thread matched with an external thread of the central rod (11) of the internal rod (1) is arranged in the hole. 3. The self-resetting shape memory alloy damper according to claim 2, characterized in that: the width of the protruding teeth (51) gradually increases along the radial direction away from the central hole of the tooth disc (5), and the Each side of the protruding teeth (51) is polished and smooth. 4. The self-resetting shape memory alloy damper according to claim 2, characterized in that: The end anchor (7) includes a nested end anchor ring (71) and an end anchor plug (72). One end of the end anchor ring (71) is provided with several screw holes in the circumferential direction, and the other end There are several reserved wire holes (8) for passing through the shape memory alloy wire (4) along the circumference, and the positions of every two reserved wire holes (8) correspond to the two sides of the protruding teeth (51) The center of the end anchor ring (71) is provided with a tapered hole and a central through hole in turn; the end anchor plug (72) is hollow in the shape of a truncated cone, and the bottom end of the cone is provided with an annular flange. Several screw holes and reserved thread holes (8) are arranged on the flange along the circumference. 5. The self-resetting shape memory alloy damper according to claim 4, characterized in that: the angle between the inner wall of the tapered hole and the end face of the end anchor ring (71) is ^81o ~ ^87o , the end The angle between the conical surface of the anchor plug (72) and the end face of the end anchor plug (72) is 93 ^° to 99 ^° . 6. The self-resetting shape memory alloy damper according to claim 4, characterized in that: the outer peripheral wall of the end anchor ring (71) is uniformly provided with several screw holes along the circumferential direction, and the outer cylinder (6) A number of screw holes are arranged on the peripheral walls at both ends along the circumferential direction. 7. The self-resetting shape memory alloy damper according to claim 4, characterized in that: the diameter of the reserved wire hole (8) is 1-3mm, and the diameter of the shape memory alloy wire (4) is 0.2~2.0mm. 8. The self-resetting shape memory alloy damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer cylinder (6) is made of a hollow double-layer steel pipe, and supporting ribs are arranged in the interlayer. 9. An assembly method for a self-resetting shape memory alloy damper according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises the steps of: Step 1. Insert the central rod (11) of the inner rod (1) into the center hole of the toothed disc (5) and fix it with threads, and connect the two middle components (12) of the inner rod (1) with the inner rod through the threads The central rod (11) of (1) is connected, and the toothed disc (5) is clamped by the extrusion force of the two middle components (12), so that the toothed disc (5) and the inner rod (1) are connected as one overall; Step 2. Insert the preload spring (3) and the sliding baffle (2) into the inner rod (1). One end of the preload spring (3) is in contact with the sliding baffle (2), and the other end is in contact with the toothed disc (5) contact, apply preload to the preload spring (3) through the sliding block (2), and then connect the two end components of the inner rod (1) to the two intermediate components (12) through threads respectively, and the two ends The assembly supports the sliding baffle (2), thereby locking the applied preload in the preload spring (3); Step 3. Pass the shape memory alloy wire (4) around the convex teeth (51) of the toothed disc (5) from the left and right sides respectively, and put all the components connected with the inner rod (1) into the outer cylinder (6 ), then pass the shape memory alloy wire (4) protruding from the outer cylinder (6) through the reserved wire hole (8) of the end anchor ring (71), and use screws to connect the outer cylinder (6) and the end anchor The rings (71) are fixed together; Step 4. Pass the outer end of the shape memory alloy wire (4) through the reserved wire hole (8) of the end anchor plug (72), and stretch it to the target pre-strain, and finally use the screw to make the end anchor ring (71) generates a clamping force with the end anchor plug (72), and realizes the fixation of the stretched shape memory alloy wire (4); Step 5. After completing the above assembly, inject water into the hollow interlayer (61) of the outer cylinder (6), and take sealing measures; Step 6. Install a connecting element (9) on the end of the outer cylinder (6) for connection with the building structure. 10. The assembly method according to claim 9, characterized in that: the target pre-strain in step 4 is 2-4%.