CN107444569A - A kind of can ice is launched and collection device - Google Patents
A kind of can ice is launched and collection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN107444569A CN107444569A CN201710589247.5A CN201710589247A CN107444569A CN 107444569 A CN107444569 A CN 107444569A CN 201710589247 A CN201710589247 A CN 201710589247A CN 107444569 A CN107444569 A CN 107444569A
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- FGRBYDKOBBBPOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10,10-dioxo-2-[4-(N-phenylanilino)phenyl]thioxanthen-9-one Chemical compound O=C1c2ccccc2S(=O)(=O)c2ccc(cc12)-c1ccc(cc1)N(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1 FGRBYDKOBBBPOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D63/00—Motor vehicles or trailers not otherwise provided for
- B62D63/06—Trailers
- B62D63/08—Component parts or accessories
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B71/00—Designing vessels; Predicting their performance
- B63B71/20—Designing vessels; Predicting their performance using towing tanks or model basins for designing
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- Aerodynamic Tests, Hydrodynamic Tests, Wind Tunnels, And Water Tanks (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了一种模型冰投放及收集装置，包括至少3个以上并列设置的模型冰投放及收集单元，模型冰投放及收集单元包括模型冰滑行机构和模型冰收集机构，模型冰滑行机构包括转动板(3)和钢丝绳(9)；模型冰收集机构包括倾斜板(4)、水平板(6)、液压油缸(5)和连接杆(10)，倾斜板(4)、水平板(6)固定连接在连接杆(10)上，液压油缸(5)输出端与连接杆(10)固定连接，液压油缸(5)缸座固连有连接座(13)，液压油缸(5)由控制箱(7)控制，连接杆(10)连有与拖车连接的连接板(15)。本发明适用于拖曳水池、深水池等开展船舶破冰实验时模型冰投放和收集，具有投放速度快、分布均匀性好、收集效率高等优点。
The invention provides a model ice throwing and collecting device, comprising at least three model ice throwing and collecting units arranged side by side, the model ice throwing and collecting unit includes a model ice sliding mechanism and a model ice collecting mechanism, and the model ice sliding mechanism includes Rotating plate (3) and wire rope (9); Model ice collecting mechanism comprises inclined plate (4), horizontal plate (6), hydraulic oil cylinder (5) and connecting rod (10), inclined plate (4), horizontal plate (6 ) is fixedly connected on the connecting rod (10), the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (5) is fixedly connected with the connecting rod (10), the cylinder seat of the hydraulic cylinder (5) is fixedly connected with the connecting seat (13), and the hydraulic cylinder (5) is controlled by Box (7) controls, and connecting rod (10) is connected with the connecting plate (15) that is connected with trailer. The invention is suitable for putting and collecting model ice when conducting ship ice-breaking experiments in towed pools, deep water pools, etc., and has the advantages of fast throwing speed, good distribution uniformity, high collection efficiency, and the like.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及船舶试验技术领域，特别涉及一种模型冰投放及收集装置。The invention relates to the technical field of ship testing, in particular to a model ice throwing and collecting device.
背景技术Background technique
近年来随着全球气候的逐渐变暖，北极冰面逐渐减少，北极航道开通成为可能，同时，北极地区拥有丰富的自然资源，是人类资源的宝库，正越来越成为国际争夺的重要目标和新的战略要地。北极航线的开通和资源的开发必将促进冰区船舶的快速发展，随着冰区船舶需求量的不断增加，冰区船舶的试验研究也越来越受到研究人员的关注。目前，由于我国冰水池的数量和尺寸的限制不能广泛地开展冰工程实验室内船模的破冰航行实验，严重限制了冰区船模的试验研究。然而，面对破冰船舶实验需求的不断增加，研究人员提出了在拖曳水池内借助模型冰开展船模碎冰阻力试验的方法，使拖曳水池得到更加充分的利用。在拖曳水池中可以分别开展船模的在静水中和波浪中的碎冰阻力以及模型冰在波浪中的纵倾运动的试验，从而可以更多地实现破冰船舶的实验研究。在开展船模的破冰航行试验之前，首先需要将模型冰投放到水池内，模型冰的投放重量往往一般在在0.5吨到3吨左右。在以往的试验过程中，往往采取由实验人员直接在拖车上采用倾倒的方式将模型冰投放到水池内，整个投放过程费时费力。同时，模型冰抨击水面时溅出的水使拖车、试验设备以及拖车航行轨道更容易生锈，给实验设备带来一定的损伤。其次，试验完成后大量模型冰的收集工作也是实验人员面临的重大问题，如今，模型冰的收集都是由实验人员直接打捞，使整个实验过程工程量非常大，耗费时间非常长。因此，急需设计一种模型冰投放和收集装置，加快模型冰的投放和收集工作，从而提高整个实验的效率。In recent years, with the gradual warming of the global climate, the ice surface of the Arctic has gradually decreased, and the opening of the Arctic waterway has become possible. At the same time, the Arctic region is rich in natural resources and is a treasure house of human resources. It is increasingly becoming an important goal of international competition and new strategic location. The opening of Arctic routes and the development of resources will surely promote the rapid development of ships in ice regions. With the increasing demand for ships in ice regions, the experimental research of ships in ice regions has attracted more and more attention from researchers. At present, due to the limitation of the number and size of ice pools in my country, the ice-breaking navigation experiments of ship models in ice engineering laboratories cannot be widely carried out, which seriously limits the experimental research of ship models in ice regions. However, in the face of the increasing demand for ice-breaking ship experiments, researchers have proposed a method of using model ice in the towing tank to carry out the ice-breaking resistance test of the ship model, so that the towing tank can be more fully utilized. In the towing pool, the ice-breaking resistance of the ship model in still water and waves and the trim motion of the model ice in waves can be tested, so that more experimental research on ice-breaking ships can be realized. Before carrying out the ice-breaking sailing test of the ship model, it is first necessary to put the model ice into the pool, and the weight of the model ice is usually about 0.5 tons to 3 tons. In the previous test process, the experimenters often poured the model ice into the pool directly on the trailer, and the whole process was time-consuming and labor-intensive. At the same time, the water splashed when the model ice hits the water surface makes the trailer, test equipment and trailer navigation track more prone to rust, and brings certain damage to the test equipment. Secondly, the collection of a large amount of model ice after the test is completed is also a major problem faced by the experimenters. Nowadays, the collection of model ice is directly salvaged by the experimenters, which makes the entire experiment process a very large amount of engineering and takes a very long time. Therefore, it is urgent to design a model ice delivery and collection device to speed up the delivery and collection of model ice, thereby improving the efficiency of the entire experiment.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种投放速度快、分布均匀性好、收集效率高的模型冰投放及收集装置。The object of the present invention is to provide a model ice throwing and collecting device with fast throwing speed, good distribution uniformity and high collection efficiency.
为解决上述问题，模型冰投放及收集装置包括至少3个以上并列设置的模型冰投放及收集单元，每个模型冰投放及收集单元包括模型冰滑行机构和模型冰收集机构；模型冰滑行机构包括转动板和钢丝绳，转动板通过圆柱销连有与拖车连接的连接板，转动板上开有供液压油缸穿过的槽，钢丝绳一端固定连接在转动板上，另一端穿过固定件上的圆孔通过钢丝绳卡头固定；模型冰收集机构位于模型冰滑行机构下端，且包括倾斜板、水平板、液压油缸和连接杆，倾斜板、水平板均固定连接在连接杆上，液压油缸输出端与连接杆固定连接，液压油缸缸座固连有与拖车连接的连接座，液压油缸由控制箱控制，连接杆通过圆柱销连有与拖车连接的连接板。In order to solve the above problems, the model ice throwing and collecting device includes at least three model ice throwing and collecting units arranged side by side, each model ice throwing and collecting unit includes a model ice sliding mechanism and a model ice collecting mechanism; the model ice sliding mechanism includes Rotating plate and steel wire rope, the rotating plate is connected with the connecting plate connected with the trailer through straight pins, there is a groove on the rotating plate for the hydraulic cylinder to pass through, one end of the steel wire rope is fixedly connected to the rotating plate, and the other end passes through the circle on the fixing piece The hole is fixed by the wire rope chuck; the model ice collection mechanism is located at the lower end of the model ice sliding mechanism, and includes an inclined plate, a horizontal plate, a hydraulic cylinder and a connecting rod. The inclined plate and the horizontal plate are fixedly connected to the connecting rod. The connecting rod is fixedly connected, and the cylinder base of the hydraulic oil cylinder is fixedly connected with a connecting seat connected with the trailer. The hydraulic oil cylinder is controlled by the control box, and the connecting rod is connected with a connecting plate connected with the trailer through a cylindrical pin.
本发明还包括以下结构特征：The present invention also includes the following structural features:
1.模型冰投放及收集单元有5个。1. There are 5 model ice delivery and collection units.
2.转动板、倾斜板和水平板均是设置有孔的镂空板。2. The rotating plate, the inclined plate and the horizontal plate are all hollow plates provided with holes.
3.水平板的前端是倾斜面。3. The front end of the horizontal plate is an inclined surface.
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：本发明是一个将模型冰投放和收集集于一体的装置，从而可以快速的实现模型冰的投放和收集。模型冰投放机构和收集机构的转动板、倾斜板和水平板均采用减轻板，有效地减少了设备的重量，同时，均采用有孔的镂空板允许大量的水通过，有效地减少了推动模型冰时的阻力。该装置取代了直接向水池中倾倒模型冰的方式，减少了模型冰抨击水面时溅出的水分，有效地保护了拖车、轨道和试验设备，同时，也提高了模型冰的投放速度和模型冰投放的均匀性。模型冰投放机构的转动板通过圆柱销和连接板与拖车相连，采用钢丝绳来实现板的转动，有效地减少了设备的投入费用，同时，便于实现在无实验状态时设备的拆卸。模型冰收集机构中的水平板前端采用倾斜面，有助于模型冰滑入到水中。同时，加入了倾斜板，倾斜板的存在可以防止模型冰再次滑入水中，也增加了模型冰的收集数量。模型冰收集机构采用液压油缸来实现倾斜板、水平板和连接杆的上下移动，可以快速、方便地实现模型冰收集。模型冰收集机构中连接杆的存在有效地支撑了倾斜板和水平板、提高了的转动速度，同时，也间接提高了模型冰的收集量。模型冰收集机构中的液压油缸通过圆柱销和连接座与拖车相连，连接杆通过圆柱销和连接板与拖车相连，便于实现无实验状态时设备的拆卸。Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is that the present invention is a device that integrates model ice throwing and collection, so that the throwing and collecting of model ice can be quickly realized. The rotating plate, inclined plate and horizontal plate of the model ice feeding mechanism and collecting mechanism all adopt lightening plates, which effectively reduces the weight of the equipment. Resistance on ice. This device replaces the method of pouring model ice directly into the water pool, reduces the water splashed when the model ice hits the water surface, effectively protects the trailer, track and test equipment, and at the same time, also improves the speed of model ice delivery and model ice Uniformity of delivery. The rotating plate of the model ice delivery mechanism is connected to the trailer through straight pins and connecting plates, and the steel wire rope is used to realize the rotation of the plate, which effectively reduces the investment cost of the equipment, and at the same time, facilitates the disassembly of the equipment when there is no experiment. The front end of the horizontal plate in the model ice collection mechanism is sloped to help the model ice slide into the water. At the same time, a slanted plate is added, the existence of the slanted plate can prevent the model ice from slipping into the water again, and also increase the amount of model ice collected. The model ice collection mechanism uses a hydraulic cylinder to realize the up and down movement of the inclined plate, the horizontal plate and the connecting rod, which can quickly and conveniently realize the model ice collection. The existence of the connecting rod in the model ice collecting mechanism effectively supports the inclined plate and the horizontal plate, increases the rotation speed, and meanwhile indirectly increases the amount of model ice collected. The hydraulic cylinder in the model ice collection mechanism is connected to the trailer through a straight pin and a connecting seat, and the connecting rod is connected to the trailer through a straight pin and a connecting plate, which facilitates the disassembly of the equipment when there is no experimental state.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是模型冰投放过程整体效果图Figure 1 is the overall effect diagram of the model ice delivery process
图2是模型冰投放前模型冰投放及收集装置的结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the model ice delivery and collection device before the model ice delivery;
图3是模型冰投放过程的示意图；Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the model ice delivery process;
图4是模型冰收集前模型冰投放及收集装置的结构示意图；Fig. 4 is the structural representation of model ice throwing and collecting device before model ice is collected;
图5是模型冰收集过程的示意图；Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a model ice collection process;
图6是模型冰投放及收集单元的局部放大图1；Figure 6 is a partial enlarged view 1 of the model ice delivery and collection unit;
图7是模型冰投放及收集单元的局部放大图2。Fig. 7 is a partial enlarged view 2 of the model ice throwing and collecting unit.
具体实施方式detailed description
本发明的目的是这样实现的：模型冰的投放和收集装置是在拖曳水池试验拖车的基础上加入了模型冰滑行机构和模型冰收集机构来实现的：模型冰滑行机构位于拖车1尾部的最上端，由转动板3和钢丝绳9构成，转动板3是采用设置有孔的镂空板，转动板3通过圆柱销11和连接板12与拖车1连接，便于实现无实验状态时设备的拆卸，钢丝绳9一端与转动板3固定连接，另一端穿过固定件8上的圆孔通过钢丝绳卡头固定，通过调节钢丝绳长度，可实现转动板3的角度调节，转动板3与倾斜板4可调节到同一个倾斜面上。模型冰滑行机构下端为模型冰收集机构，主要用来收集模型冰和辅助模型冰滑落。该机构由倾斜板4、水平板6、液压油缸5和连接杆10构成，倾斜板4、水平板6均固定连接在连接杆10上，液压油缸5输出端与连接杆10通过螺钉固定连接，便于实现无实验状态时设备的拆卸。液压油缸5缸座固连有与拖车连接的连接座13，连接座13由两个连接板通过圆柱销连接构成，一个连接板与液压油缸5缸座固连，一个连接板与拖车1固连，可实现无实验状态时设备的拆卸。液压油缸5由控制箱7控制，可在控制箱7的控制下输出端自由伸长和缩短，连接杆10通过圆柱销14和连接板15与拖车1底部相连，倾斜板4、水平板6和连接杆10在液压油缸5输出端作用下，实现转动。The object of the present invention is achieved like this: the throwing and collecting device of model ice is realized by adding a model ice gliding mechanism and a model ice collecting mechanism on the basis of towing a pool test trailer: the model ice gliding mechanism is located at the rear end of the trailer 1 The upper end is composed of a rotating plate 3 and a steel wire rope 9. The rotating plate 3 is a hollow plate provided with holes. The rotating plate 3 is connected to the trailer 1 through a cylindrical pin 11 and a connecting plate 12, which is convenient for disassembly of the equipment when there is no experimental state. 9 One end is fixedly connected with the rotating plate 3, and the other end passes through the round hole on the fixing part 8 and is fixed by the wire rope clip. By adjusting the length of the wire rope, the angle adjustment of the rotating plate 3 can be realized, and the rotating plate 3 and the inclined plate 4 can be adjusted to on the same slope. The lower end of the model ice sliding mechanism is a model ice collecting mechanism, which is mainly used to collect model ice and assist the model ice to slide down. The mechanism is composed of an inclined plate 4, a horizontal plate 6, a hydraulic cylinder 5 and a connecting rod 10. The inclined plate 4 and the horizontal plate 6 are fixedly connected to the connecting rod 10, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 5 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 10 by screws. It is convenient to realize the disassembly of the equipment when there is no experiment state. The 5-cylinder seat of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with a connecting seat 13 connected with the trailer. The connecting seat 13 is composed of two connecting plates connected by cylindrical pins, one connecting plate is fixedly connected with the 5-cylinder seat of the hydraulic cylinder, and the other connecting plate is fixedly connected with the trailer 1 , which can realize the disassembly of the equipment when there is no experimental state. The hydraulic cylinder 5 is controlled by the control box 7, and the output end can be freely extended and shortened under the control of the control box 7. The connecting rod 10 is connected to the bottom of the trailer 1 through a cylindrical pin 14 and a connecting plate 15. The inclined plate 4, the horizontal plate 6 and the The connecting rod 10 realizes rotation under the action of the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 5 .
下面结合附图与具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细描述。The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
在开展船模破冰试验之前，首先在拖车1尾部将转动板3、固定件8、连接板12固定在拖车1上，然后将钢丝绳9穿过转动板3上的圆孔和固定件8上的圆孔，并通过钢丝绳卡头固定。然后，将液压油缸5通过连接座13与拖车1相连、将连接杆10通过圆柱销14和连接板15与拖车1相连，利用螺钉将液压油泵5与连接杆10低端的横杆固定连接。并将液压油泵5的连接设备与控制箱7相连，待所有设备安装、测试完成后准备将模型冰2投放到水池中。模型冰投放到水池之前，在水池端部借助吊车将模型冰2直接吊到拖车1尾部，然后，将拖车1开至试验区域。此时，实验人员打开控制箱7控制液压油缸5，使液压油缸5带动水平板6、倾斜板4和连接杆10转动，当水平板6在水面以下适当位置时停止转动。模型冰收集机构调整完成后，实验人员通过拉动钢丝绳9调整转动板3，当转动板3和倾斜板4平行时停止转动，并用钢丝绳卡头进行固定。在所有设备调试完成后，实验人员可边控制拖车航行边将模型冰2投放到转动板3上，使模型冰2通过转动板3、倾斜板4以及水平板6滑落到水中，投放的模型冰2大小和数量根据实验规程进行操作。待所有模型冰2投放完成后，实验人员控制液压油缸5将模型冰收集装置升起，使其位于水面以及模型冰2以上。待所有准备工作完成后，即可开展船模的碎冰阻力试验以及船模在波浪条件下的碎冰阻力试验。所有试验完成后，将拖车1开到水池中试验的局部区域时，调节钢丝绳9长度，使转动板3自然垂放，调节模型冰收集机构中的液压油缸5使水平板6位于模型冰2以下，此时，开动拖车1，使模型冰收集机构推动模型冰往消波岸方向移动，待模型冰2到达消波岸岸边时停止推动。同时，再次将模型冰收集机构中的水平板6升起至水面及模型冰以上，将拖车1开至试验区域，到达试验区域后，将模型冰收集机构中的水平板6降至水面以下，开始下一次模型冰2的收集。在整个模型冰2的收集过程中采用如此往复运动的方式来推动和收集模型冰，直到水池中没有模型冰存在。Before carrying out the ship model ice-breaking test, first fix the rotating plate 3, the fixing part 8, and the connecting plate 12 on the trailer 1 at the tail of the trailer 1, and then pass the steel wire rope 9 through the round hole on the rotating plate 3 and the hole on the fixing part 8. round hole, and fixed by the wire rope clip. Then, the hydraulic cylinder 5 is connected to the trailer 1 through the connecting seat 13, the connecting rod 10 is connected to the trailer 1 through the cylindrical pin 14 and the connecting plate 15, and the hydraulic oil pump 5 is fixedly connected to the horizontal bar at the lower end of the connecting rod 10 by screws. And the connection equipment of the hydraulic oil pump 5 is connected with the control box 7, and the model ice 2 is ready to be thrown into the pool after all equipment installation and testing are completed. Before the model ice is put into the pool, the model ice 2 is directly hoisted to the tail of the trailer 1 by means of a crane at the end of the pool, and then the trailer 1 is driven to the test area. At this time, the experimenter opens the control box 7 to control the hydraulic cylinder 5, so that the hydraulic cylinder 5 drives the horizontal plate 6, the inclined plate 4 and the connecting rod 10 to rotate, and stops rotating when the horizontal plate 6 is in an appropriate position below the water surface. After the adjustment of the model ice collection mechanism is completed, the experimenter adjusts the rotating plate 3 by pulling the steel wire rope 9, and stops rotating when the rotating plate 3 and the inclined plate 4 are parallel, and fixes it with a wire rope chuck. After all the equipment debugging is completed, the experimenters can put the model ice 2 on the rotating plate 3 while controlling the navigation of the trailer, so that the model ice 2 slides down into the water through the rotating plate 3, the inclined plate 4 and the horizontal plate 6, and the model ice dropped 2 The size and quantity are operated according to the experimental protocol. After all the model ice 2 is put in, the experimenter controls the hydraulic cylinder 5 to raise the model ice collecting device so that it is located on the water surface and above the model ice 2 . After all the preparatory work is completed, the ice-breaking resistance test of the ship model and the ice-breaking resistance test of the ship model under wave conditions can be carried out. After all the tests are completed, when the trailer 1 is driven to the local area of the test in the pool, the length of the wire rope 9 is adjusted so that the rotating plate 3 hangs down naturally, and the hydraulic cylinder 5 in the model ice collection mechanism is adjusted to make the horizontal plate 6 below the model ice 2 , at this time, start the trailer 1 to make the model ice collection mechanism push the model ice to move towards the wave breaking bank, and stop pushing when the model ice 2 reaches the wave breaking bank. At the same time, the horizontal plate 6 in the model ice collection mechanism is raised above the water surface and the model ice again, and the trailer 1 is driven to the test area. After arriving at the test area, the horizontal plate 6 in the model ice collection mechanism is lowered below the water surface, Start the next model ice 2 collection. During the entire collection process of the model ice 2, such a reciprocating motion is adopted to push and collect the model ice until there is no model ice in the pool.
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