CN107401469A - A kind of two-way rotary wheel of water turbine of low water head shaft tubular - Google Patents
A kind of two-way rotary wheel of water turbine of low water head shaft tubular Download PDFInfo
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- CN107401469A CN107401469A CN201710864366.7A CN201710864366A CN107401469A CN 107401469 A CN107401469 A CN 107401469A CN 201710864366 A CN201710864366 A CN 201710864366A CN 107401469 A CN107401469 A CN 107401469A
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- Prior art keywords
- runner
- blade
- turbine
- rotary wheel
- water
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
- F03B3/121—Blades, their form or construction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of two-way rotary wheel of water turbine of low water head shaft tubular, it is made up of blade, runner boss, draft cone three parts, circumferentially be evenly arranged with the blade that multiple sections are symmetrical airfoil in runner boss, blade to be shaped as thick middle both sides thin, and blade minimum thickness b1With maximum gauge b2The ratio between be 0.28~0.35, the upper and lower surface of blade is spatial warping face, and the initial laying angle of blade is 66 °, and adjusted value is between ± 3 °.The present invention can not only two-way operation, and have preferable energy conversion performance, while cost is lower.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of two-way rotary wheel of water turbine of low water head shaft tubular, belong to technical field of energy utilization.
Background technology
At present, as the high water head waterpower resourses of countries in the world are gradually developed with nothing left, each state is all coincidentally sight
Low-head hydraulic resource, such as ocean tidal power are turned to.Into after 21 century, influenceed due to being sharp risen by oil price and
The pressure of carbon dioxide discharge-reduction, tide energy are paid attention to by countries in the world again as a kind of clean renewable resources.Tide is sent out
Electricity be risen using tidewater, fall caused by water-head there is potential energy to generate electricity, seawater is risen, the energy of ebb tide is changed into mechanical energy turn
It is changed into the process of electric energy (generating).A water-stopping dam specifically is built in bay or the river mouth for having tide, by bay or river mouth and sea
Ocean separates composition reservoir, then installs turbine-generator units in dam Nei Huoba rooms, then using the lifting of seawater position during tiding,
Make seawater rotate turbine-generator units by turbine to generate electricity.Because tidal power generation head ratio is relatively low, mainly using through-flow type hydro-turbo
Machine.Shaft tubular formula unit only has the few small-load generators of quantity running in China, and its main cause is to shaft tubular
Structural shape, the connected mode of speed increaser and the oil head of double tune structures that runner design, the unit of formula unit are overall are arranged such as
What solve etc. key technology lack in-depth study, design, cause it is this it is simple in construction, installation, it is easy to maintenance, hydraulic performance is excellent
Good, the shaft tubular formula unit of low cost (than Bulb Turbine Units low cost 20%~60%) fails to be developed, pushed away
It is wide to use.Therefore, carry out the research of novel silo bulb-type hydraulic generating set, reduce construction of tidal power and operation cost, promote
Enter tidal power station development, task is urgent, of far-reaching significance.
The content of the invention
The deficiency of the present invention regarding to the issue above, proposes a kind of two-way rotary wheel of water turbine of low water head shaft tubular and building machine
Electric installation and runner, water wheels function two-way operation, and have preferable energy conversion performance low cost simultaneously.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme is that：
A kind of two-way rotary wheel of water turbine of low water head shaft tubular, including blade, runner boss and draft cone, along runner boss
Circumference be evenly arranged with multiple sections be symmetrical airfoil blade, runner boss sluicing side install draft cone；It is described
Blade to be shaped as thick middle both sides thin, and the ratio between blade minimum thickness b1 and maximum gauge b2 are 0.28~0.35；
The runner is arranged on the main shaft end of the hydraulic turbine, and the main shaft is sequentially connected the hydraulic turbine, generator, by water wheels
The mechanical energy of machine passes to generator；The runner is arranged on hydraulic turbine water outlet side, and movable guide vane is mounted on runner and entered
Before the hydraulic turbine import of water side；
The upper and lower surface of the blade is spatial warping face, extracts three of the characteristic point on 6 aerial cross sectionals of blade
Dimension coordinate such as following table,
Wherein, F1 --- F6 is 6 aerial cross sectionals, and U represents upper surface, and D represents lower surface, and x, y, z is three-dimensional coordinate.Before
The blade stated has 3.
The initial laying angle of foregoing blade is 66 °, and adjusted value is between ± 3 °.
Foregoing runner bucket height h and runner diameter d ratio is 0.26.
Foregoing runner boss diameter d0Ratio with runner diameter d is 0.35.
The characteristic point of the foregoing blade to extraction carries out curve fitting, and the indicatrix for obtaining 12 fittings is as follows：
F1-U：Yu=-0.0082x2-2.9442x+248.56
F1-D：Yd=-0.0054x2-3.1782x+166.54
F2-U：Yu=-0.0065x2-2.4396x+186.14
F2-D：Yd=-0.0039x2-2.6669x+100.82
F3-U：Yu=-0.0052x2-1.9769x+121.46
F3-D：Yd=-0.0029x2-2.1922x+35.953
F4-U：Yu=-0.0042x2-1.5854x+55.929
F4-D：Yd=-0.0022x2-1.7877x-27.867
F5-U：Yu=-0.0034x2-1.2492x-10.296
F5-D：Yd=-0.0017x2-1.439x-90.913
F6-U：Yu=-0.0027x2-0.956x-77.134
F6-D：Yd=-0.0013x2-1.1343x-153.4。
During foregoing manufacturing of runner, first according to bidirectional tidal generating power head and flow, it is determined that applied runner is straight
Footpath d；Then the runner size determined by, the ratio relation h according to runner bucket height h and runner diameter d：D=0.26,
Runner boss diameter d0With runner diameter d ratio relation d0：D=0.35, to runner whole geometry mechanism according to corresponding size
Zoom in and out；Finally, for the main aerofoil profile of runner bucket, overall fit is carried out according to the characteristic point, or it is bent according to feature
Line carries out the fitting from line to face, will carry out factory's Foundry Production again after the model three-dimensional modeling of overall runner.
Speed increaser is provided between the foregoing hydraulic turbine and generator.
The present invention has advantages below：
1. the two-way generating of the hydraulic turbine, and energy conversion efficiency is high, improves the utilization rate of tide energy, improves the effect of tidal power station
Benefit.
2. overall cost is relatively cheap.
3. runner can change blade angle according to the change of head and flow, to meet suitable operating condition, protect
Unit is demonstrate,proved to run in high efficient area.
4. being provided with speed increaser between the hydraulic turbine and generator, the volume and cost of generator are reduced, while
Reduce the excavated volume of earth and rock works.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the two-way hydraulic turbine two dimensional model figure of low water head shaft tubular of the present invention, wherein, Fig. 1 (b) is bowing for 1 (a)
View；
Fig. 2 is two-way shaft tubular formula hydraulic turbine three-dimensional model diagram；
Fig. 3 is the three-dimensional model diagram of runner, wherein, Fig. 3 (b) is the right view of 3 figures (a)；
Fig. 4 is runner bucket laying angle；
Fig. 5 is the runner bucket model and blade profile figure being disposed vertically；
Fig. 6 is horizontal positioned runner bucket model and blade profile figure, wherein, Fig. 6 (a) is three-dimensional model diagram, Fig. 6
(b) it is 6 section F1~F6 schematic diagrames on 6 (a)；
Fig. 7 is the indicatrix on Fig. 6 (b) 6 sections；(a) it is the indicatrix on F1, (b) is the feature on F2
Curve, (c) are the indicatrix on F3, and (d) is the indicatrix on F4, and (e) is the indicatrix on F5, and (f) is on F6
Indicatrix.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below.Following examples are only used for the technical side for clearly illustrating the present invention
Case, and can not be limited the scope of the invention with this.
As shown in Fig. 3 (a) and (b), the two-way rotary wheel of water turbine of low water head shaft tubular of the invention, installed in the hydraulic turbine
Main shaft end, including blade 81, runner boss 82 and draft cone 83, wherein, it is evenly arranged with along the circumference of runner boss 82 more
Individual section is the blade 81 of symmetrical airfoil, and draft cone 83 is installed in the sluicing side of runner boss.
Runner bucket height h and runner diameter d ratio is 0.26, runner boss diameter d0With runner diameter d ratio
For 0.35.
As shown in figure 4, the initial laying angle of blade is 66 °, adjusted value is between ± 3 °.
As shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 (a), (b), blade to be shaped as thick middle both sides thin, and blade minimum thickness b1 with it is maximum
The ratio between thickness b2 is 0.28~0.35.
Preferably, blade is three.
In application process, runner rotating speed can reach 200-300 revs/min.
If Fig. 5, Fig. 6 are respectively the model vertically and horizontally placed and blade profile figure of runner bucket, blade it is upper and lower
Surface is spatial warping face, as shown in fig. 6, the three-dimensional coordinate of the characteristic point on 6 aerial cross sectionals (Fig. 6 (b)) of blade is such as
Table 1 below.
The three-dimensional coordinate of characteristic point on the aerial cross sectional of the blade of table 1
Wherein, F1 --- F6 is 6 aerial cross sectionals, and U represents upper surface, and D represents lower surface, and x, y, z is three-dimensional coordinate.
According to the three-dimensional coordinate of characteristic point, to ensure the hydraulic performance and structural strength of runner, the feature of extraction is clicked through
Row curve matching, the curve after fitting ensure that runner Curve of wing is more smooth, and hydraulic performance is more preferably.12 matched curves are as schemed
Shown in 7 (a)-(f),
Equation is as follows：
F1-U：Yu=-0.0082x2-2.9442x+248.56
F1-D：Yd=-0.0054x2-3.1782x+166.54
F2-U：Yu=-0.0065x2-2.4396x+186.14
F2-D：Yd=-0.0039x2-2.6669x+100.82
F3-U：Yu=-0.0052x2-1.9769x+121.46
F3-D：Yd=-0.0029x2-2.1922x+35.953
F4-U：Yu=-0.0042x2-1.5854x+55.929
F4-D：Yd=-0.0022x2-1.7877x-27.867
F5-U：Yu=-0.0034x2-1.2492x-10.296
F5-D：Yd=-0.0017x2-1.439x-90.913
F6-U：Yu=-0.0027x2-0.956x-77.134
F6-D：Yd=-0.0013x2-1.1343x-153.4
Turbine runner blade is expressed using form drawing in engineering, controls the machining accuracy and measurement accuracy of blade.
The two-way rotary wheel of water turbine of low water head shaft tubular of the present invention has supporting electromechanical assembly, such as Fig. 1 (a), (b) and figure
Shown in 2, including generator 9, movable guide vane 7, main shaft 6 and the hydraulic turbine, wherein, main shaft 6 is sequentially connected the hydraulic turbine, generator 9,
The mechanical energy of the hydraulic turbine is passed into generator.Runner 8 is arranged on hydraulic turbine water outlet side, and movable guide vane 7 is mounted on
Before the hydraulic turbine import of runner water inlet side.Speed increaser 10 is provided between the hydraulic turbine and generator.
It is placed in using the two-way hydraulic turbine of low water head shaft tubular of runner of the present invention in supporting runner, as shown in Figure 1, 2,
Including inlet segment 1, vertical shaft section 2, vane section 3, runner section 4 and tail water pipeline section 5.Wherein, generator and speed increaser are arranged in vertical shaft
The inside of vertical shaft 22 of section 2, vertical shaft 22 are located in the vertical shaft section runner 21 of vertical shaft section 2；Movable guide vane 7 is arranged in vane section 3；Main shaft
The hydraulic turbine, speed increaser, generator are connected to, the mechanical energy of the hydraulic turbine is passed into speed increaser and generator；The hydraulic turbine is arranged on
In the runner envelope of runner section 4；Runner 8 is arranged on the main shaft end of the hydraulic turbine.Draft tube includes draft tube circle right cone section 51, circle
Become rectangle diffuser 52, draft tube rectangular outlet 53.
The operation principle of the present invention：The present invention is applied to bidirectional tidal generating power station.After flood tide starts, off-lying sea tide water level
With reservoir level close to it is equal when close sluice.As tide water level rises, high outside and low outside drop is formed, when head exceedes the hydraulic turbine
When allowing minimum working head, the hydraulic turbine puts into operation, starts to generate electricity, and now current flow to reservoir by off-lying sea, make on reservoir level
Rise, but tidewater rises comparatively fast, therefore working head is also continuously increased, until the climax moment.When ebb, tidal level declines, reservoir level
Positioned at high water level, head, which drops down onto the hydraulic turbine, allows minimum working head, and the hydraulic turbine stops generating electricity.As shown in Fig. 2 sent out in forward direction
When electric, current flow to tail water pipeline section 5 from vertical shaft section 2, and current drive runner rotation when passing through the hydraulic turbine, and the kinetic energy of current is changed
For mechanical energy, then electric energy converted mechanical energy into by generator, water (flow) direction is opposite during reverse power generation.
The type selecting of key dimension of the present invention, manufacture, installation, when generating electricity, by progress claimed below：
(1) according to bidirectional tidal generating power head and flow, it is determined that applied runner diameter d；Then according to being determined
Runner size, according to turbine blade height h and runner diameter d ratio relation, runner boss diameter d0It is straight with the hydraulic turbine
Footpath d ratio relation, runner whole geometry mechanism is zoomed in and out according to corresponding size.
(2) for the main aerofoil profile of runner bucket, overall fit is carried out according to characteristic point provided by the invention, can also basis
Several indicatrixes carry out the fitting from line to face, and factory's casting life will can be carried out after the model three-dimensional modeling of overall runner
Production, also need to carry out surface polishing for the end product of runner, the smooth of surface, smooth degree are to the operational efficiency of runner
There is important influence.
The present invention can generate electricity because the blade of the hydraulic turbine uses symmetrical airfoil in the forward and reverse different operating modes of current
And its energy conversion performance is high；The hydraulic turbine is arranged to two-way operation, thus except inside and outside reservoir water level it is equal in addition to, no matter
Flood tide still can generate electricity in ebb tide, and its time to generate electricity and generated energy are all more than unidirectional tidal power station, can be relatively more abundant
Ground utilizes tidal energy.Generating current are in opposite direction twice, it is desirable to water wheels function two-way operation, and forward and reverse work of the hydraulic turbine
Work can have preferable energy conversion performance, obtain tide energy as much as possible, improve the utilization rate of tide energy, improve tide-electricity
The benefit stood.Runner energy conversion efficiency can reach more than 80% in forward and reverse generating in real work.In head
For 2 meters when, when forward direction generates electricity, runner optimum efficiency is 88%, and in reverse power generation, the optimum efficiency of runner is 81.5%.
In power station, exploitation overall cost is relatively cheap simultaneously, and runner of the invention is than bulb through-flow more commonly used at present
Formula unit low cost 20%~60%.
Because the initial laying angle of blade is 66 °, adjusted value is between -3 °~3 °, therefore runner can be according to head and stream
The change of amount changes blade angle, to meet suitable operating condition, ensures that unit is run in high efficient area.
Speed increaser is set between the hydraulic turbine and generator, therefore reduces the volume and cost of generator, while
Reduce the excavated volume of earth and rock works.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, some improvement and deformation can also be made, these are improved and deformation
Also it should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
- A kind of 1. two-way rotary wheel of water turbine of low water head shaft tubular, it is characterised in that including blade, runner boss and draft cone, The blade that multiple sections are symmetrical airfoil is evenly arranged with along the circumference of runner boss, installation is let out in the sluicing side of runner boss Water cone；The blade to be shaped as thick middle both sides thin, and the ratio between blade minimum thickness b1 and maximum gauge b2 be 0.28~ 0.35；The runner is arranged on the main shaft end of the hydraulic turbine, and the main shaft is sequentially connected the hydraulic turbine, generator, by the hydraulic turbine Mechanical energy passes to generator；The runner is arranged on hydraulic turbine water outlet side, and movable guide vane is mounted on runner water inlet one Before the hydraulic turbine import of side；The upper and lower surface of the blade is spatial warping face, extracts the three-dimensional seat of the characteristic point on 6 aerial cross sectionals of blade Mark such as following table,Wherein, F1 --- F6 is 6 aerial cross sectionals, and U represents upper surface, and D represents lower surface, and x, y, z is three-dimensional coordinate.
- A kind of 2. two-way rotary wheel of water turbine of low water head shaft tubular according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the blade There are 3.
- A kind of 3. two-way rotary wheel of water turbine of low water head shaft tubular according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the blade Initial laying angle is 66 °, and adjusted value is between ± 3 °.
- A kind of 4. two-way rotary wheel of water turbine of low water head shaft tubular according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the runner Blade height h and runner diameter d ratio is 0.26.
- A kind of 5. two-way rotary wheel of water turbine of low water head shaft tubular according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the runner Hub diameter d0Ratio with runner diameter d is 0.35.
- 6. a kind of two-way rotary wheel of water turbine of low water head shaft tubular according to claim 1, it is characterised in that to extraction The characteristic point of blade carries out curve fitting, and the indicatrix for obtaining 12 fittings is as follows：F1-U：Yu=-0.0082x2-2.9442x+248.56F1-D：Yd=-0.0054x2-3.1782x+166.54F2-U：Yu=-0.0065x2-2.4396x+186.14F2-D：Yd=-0.0039x2-2.6669x+100.82F3-U：Yu=-0.0052x2-1.9769x+121.46F3-D：Yd=-0.0029x2-2.1922x+35.953F4-U：Yu=-0.0042x2-1.5854x+55.929F4-D：Yd=-0.0022x2-1.7877x-27.867F5-U：Yu=-0.0034x2-1.2492x-10.296F5-D：Yd=-0.0017x2-1.439x-90.913F6-U：Yu=-0.0027x2-0.956x-77.134F6-D：Yd=-0.0013x2-1.1343x-153.4。
- A kind of 7. two-way rotary wheel of water turbine of low water head shaft tubular according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the runner During manufacture, first according to bidirectional tidal generating power head and flow, it is determined that applied runner diameter d；Then according to being determined Runner size, the ratio relation h according to runner bucket height h and runner diameter d：D=0.26, runner boss diameter d0With turn Wheel diameter d ratio relation d0：D=0.35, runner whole geometry mechanism is zoomed in and out according to corresponding size；Finally, it is right In the main aerofoil profile of runner bucket, overall fit is carried out according to the characteristic point, or carry out from line to face according to indicatrix Fitting, will carry out factory's Foundry Production again after the model three-dimensional modeling of overall runner.
- A kind of 8. two-way rotary wheel of water turbine of low water head shaft tubular according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the water wheels Speed increaser is provided between machine and generator.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710864366.7A CN107401469A (en) | 2017-09-22 | 2017-09-22 | A kind of two-way rotary wheel of water turbine of low water head shaft tubular |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710864366.7A CN107401469A (en) | 2017-09-22 | 2017-09-22 | A kind of two-way rotary wheel of water turbine of low water head shaft tubular |
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| CN107401469A true CN107401469A (en) | 2017-11-28 |
Family
ID=60388849
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710864366.7A Pending CN107401469A (en) | 2017-09-22 | 2017-09-22 | A kind of two-way rotary wheel of water turbine of low water head shaft tubular |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110222389A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-09-10 | 河海大学 | Reaction type runner global property numerical computation method and system based on virtual thickness |
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| CN104454631A (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2015-03-25 | 河海大学 | Low-lift high-flow reversible tubular pump with asymmetric SX type blades |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20100260596A1 (en) * | 2009-04-13 | 2010-10-14 | Alexander Gokhman | Hydraulic bulb turbine with mixed-flow propeller runner |
| CN102182622A (en) * | 2011-04-07 | 2011-09-14 | 清华大学 | Six-operating-condition bidirectional tide power generation water turbine |
| CN103233846A (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2013-08-07 | 河海大学 | Low water head vertical shaft through-flow bi-directional efficient turbine runner as well as electromechanical device and mated flow passage thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110222389A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-09-10 | 河海大学 | Reaction type runner global property numerical computation method and system based on virtual thickness |
| CN110222389B (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2020-08-25 | 河海大学 | Virtual thickness-based counterattack type rotating wheel global characteristic numerical calculation method and system |
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Application publication date: 20171128 |
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