CN107365999A - A kind of magnetic polyethylene glycol fixes the compound powder cleaning agent of degradation bacteria and cleaning - Google Patents
A kind of magnetic polyethylene glycol fixes the compound powder cleaning agent of degradation bacteria and cleaning Download PDFInfo
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- CN107365999A CN107365999A CN201710611274.8A CN201710611274A CN107365999A CN 107365999 A CN107365999 A CN 107365999A CN 201710611274 A CN201710611274 A CN 201710611274A CN 107365999 A CN107365999 A CN 107365999A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/14—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with alkaline solutions
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of magnetic polyethylene glycol to fix the compound powder cleaning agent of degradation bacteria, is made up of following raw materials according:Sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, metasilicate pentahydrate sodium, silicon silicic acid organic carboxyl acid polymeric modification thing, DBSA, sodium benzoate, sodium citrate, hydroxyl synthol APEO, acrylic acid maleic acid, AEO, polyethylene glycol 2000, three(Methylol)Aminomethane, dopamine, magnetic fluid, appropriate dimethyl sulfoxide, appropriate chloroform, acetic anhydride acid anhydride are appropriate, appropriate absolute ether, appropriate absolute ethyl alcohol, Sodium hydroxide q. s, 0.9% sodium chloride are appropriate, appropriate hydrochloric acid, appropriate deionized water;Powder cleaning agent prepared by the present invention is not phosphorous, environmentally friendly, and cleaning performance is better than conventional pre-treatment oil removing process, and service life is more lasting, nontoxic to environment, uses manpower and material resources sparingly, and use range is wide, and caused waste water is more disposable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal conditioner technical field, more particularly to a kind of magnetic polyethylene glycol to fix degradation bacteria and answer
The agent of mould assembly powder cleaning and cleaning.
Background technology
Metal is carrying out before processing, it is necessary to washes the dirts such as antirust oil, the cutting fluid on surface, traditional metal surface is clear
Washing lotion is formulated based on alkali, phosphate builder, nonyl phenol or octyl group phenols surfactant, operating temperature during cleaning
Generally higher than 80 DEG C, the process energy consumption is big, and the surfactant containing phenols used has a bio-toxicity, and difficult degradation is residual in water body
The time is stayed to grow, if phosphate therein is not handled thoroughly during liquid waste processing, P elements therein can largely carry out natural water,
So as to cause the eutrophication problem of water body.
Zhang Xiaoming exists《The research of the without phosphorus degreasing powder of steel and iron parts》In one text by contrast test test it is different without phosphorus and
The performance of sodium triphosphate, consider the performance such as wash-aid effect and the binding force to calcium ions and magnesium ions, it is organic to have selected silicon silicic acid
Carboxylic acid polymeric modification thing is as builder, and to substitute phosphate builder, this builder is not phosphorous, fundamentally solves
The processing of phosphorus and emission problem in waste liquid, while employ a kind of table outstanding as Material synthesis, environmental-protecting performance using plant oleyl alcohol
Face activating agent-modification alcohol ethoxylate surfactant EH, as the key component of cleaning, this surfactant is relative
For widely used primary alcohol ethoxylate and NPE, wetability and detergency are stronger, compound with the moon
Ionic surface active agent and other nonionic surfactants, the efficiency of cleaning is improved, cleaning temperature is reduced to 60 DEG C, it is bright
Aobvious reduces operating power consumption;And by the inspection in actual production, formula is optimized for actual electroplating enterprise
In, there is the advantages of fast cleaning rate, efficiency high, there is preferable cleansing power to different greasy dirts, it is not necessary in disposing waste liquid
Phosphate, simplify treatment process, reduce the usage amount of degreasing powder, reduce cost, reduce the COD of waste liquid, reduce
The characteristic of intractability.Although the advantages of method provided in this article has environmental protection, cost is low and cleaning rate is fast etc.,
There is the alkali of higher concentration in degreasing powder, be not suitable for the pre-treatment of alloy, limit application field, and in use
Substantial amounts of oily waste liquor is inevitably produced, greasy dirt can not be decomposed although the greasy dirt of steel surface can be cleaned, so being
Solve the above problems, also need to make its further modification it to be provided simultaneously with oil removing and decompose greasy dirt function, and expand use
Scope, to meet the cleaning of various section bars.
The content of the invention
The defects of the object of the invention is exactly to make up prior art, there is provided a kind of magnetic polyethylene glycol is fixed degradation bacteria and answered
The agent of mould assembly powder cleaning and cleaning.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of magnetic polyethylene glycol fixes the compound powder cleaning agent of degradation bacteria, is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight:Hydrogen
Sodium oxide molybdena 13-15, sodium carbonate 22-25, metasilicate pentahydrate sodium 4-5, silicon silicic acid organic carboxyl acid polymeric modification thing 13-15, dodecane
Base benzene sulfonic acid 2.8-3.3, sodium benzoate 0.7-0.9, sodium citrate 1.1-1.5, hydroxyl synthol APEO 1.4-1.6,
Acrylic acid maleic acid 1.6-1.9, AEO 1.1-1.3, polyethylene glycol 2000 15-18, three(Hydroxyl first
Base)Aminomethane 3-6, dopamine 10-12, magnetic fluid 1.2-1.5, appropriate dimethyl sulfoxide, appropriate chloroform, acetic anhydride acid anhydride
In right amount, appropriate absolute ether, appropriate absolute ethyl alcohol, Sodium hydroxide q. s, 0.9% sodium chloride is appropriate, appropriate hydrochloric acid, deionized water
In right amount.
A kind of magnetic polyethylene glycol fixes the compound powder cleaning agent of degradation bacteria, is prepared and made by following specific steps
Into:
(1)Pedotheque will be gathered from the varying environment of oil pollution as bacterium source, and be added separately to be made in deionized water dense
The soil liquid for 0.25g/ml is spent, is staticly settled after stirring 30min, 0.2g/ml is added after supernatant is mixed evenly
The leaching liquor of uncontaminated rich soil, control temperature is at 30 DEG C, pH value 7.5, by colony inoculation to crude oil minimal medium
Upper carry out enrichment culture, the degradation rate of oil is determined, choose the high bacterium of degradation rate as purpose strain;
(2)By step(1)Obtained purpose bacteria culture fluid carries out tamed strain, is exposed using crude oil minimal medium
Gas domestication culture, it is 35 DEG C to control temperature, pH value 8.5, and the domestication of mixed liquor aeration determines residua content after 1 day, then quantitative
7# machine oil, Phos and inorganic nitrogen are supplemented, it is met carbon:Nitrogen:Phosphorus is 100:5:1, wherein carbon content is quality in domestication liquid
The 1% of fraction, the bacterium colony that oil degradation speed is fast, colonial morphology is consistent with thalli morphology is retained as purebred;
(3)Polyethylene glycol 2000 is added to the mixing of dimethyl sulfoxide and chloroform that 11-13 is always measured again under the protection of nitrogen
In solution, wherein dimethyl sulfoxide and chloroform are 3 according to volume ratio:1-1.5, appropriate acetic anhydride is added after stirring and dissolving
Acid anhydride stirs 9-11h with 200-300r/min rotating speed at room temperature, and reaction is precipitated after terminating with absolute ether, is subsequently placed in vacuum
Drying at room temperature in drying box;
(4)By three(Methylol)Aminomethane is added to the concentration that 10mmol/L is made in hydrochloric acid solution, and pH is adjusted to 8-8.5, adds
Enter magnetic fluid ultrasonic disperse 30min, dopamine hydrochloride is added after being uniformly dispersed, solid is produced after 2.5-3h is stirred at room temperature
Thing carries out Magneto separate, is dried after repeatedly being washed with absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water, then according to solid-to-liquid ratio 1:10 are distributed to methanol
In solution, regulation pH value is 4.5-5.5, adds step(3)The product of preparation, tune system pH is 6- after 1h is stirred at 30 DEG C
6.5, continue to stir 1-1.5h, reaction terminates rear magnet separation, and product is washed in neutrality repeatedly with absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water
Drying for standby afterwards;
(5)By step(2)The strain that aeration domestication obtains is inoculated into beef-protein medium, in 30 DEG C, 150r/min
3h is cultivated on constant temperature oscillator, each bacterial strain is in exponential phase, strain suspension is made, is inoculated into 5% inoculum concentration
In 100ml beef-protein mediums, 1wt% steps are then added(4)The product of preparation, in 30 DEG C of rotating speeds be 160rpm
Reaction 15-18h, is centrifuged off supernatant, lower floor is washed for several times with 0.9% sodium chloride solution, gained immobilized thallus in shaking table
Natural drying at room temperature is standby;
(6)By sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, metasilicate pentahydrate sodium and step(5)The product of preparation is stirred 3-5min, adds
Remaining remaining product stirring 5-10min, packaging can obtain compound powder cleaning agent.
A kind of magnetic polyethylene glycol fixes the compound powder cleaning agent of degradation bacteria, the crude oil minimal medium
It is formulated and is:7# machine oil 0.2-0.3%, sodium chloride 0.5-0.6%, ammonium sulfate 0.1-0.15%, magnesium sulfate 0.025-0.03%, sodium nitrate
0.2-0.25%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5-0.6%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 1.0-1.5%, agar 1.6-2%;The beef extract-peptone training
Support base formula be:Beef extract 3-4g/L, peptone 10-11g/L, sodium chloride 5-5.5g/L, agar 15-16g/L plus deionization
For water to 1L, regulation pH is 7-7.2,121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min.
A kind of magnetic polyethylene glycol fixes the cleaning of the compound powder cleaning agent of degradation bacteria, comprises the following steps:
(1)Compound powder cleaning agent is added to the cleaning fluid for being configured to that concentration is 55-65g/L in deionized water, is added to cleaning
In groove, adjustment system pH is 11-12.5;
(2)Workpiece is placed in rinse bath, soaks 5-10min in 55-60 DEG C of underflow stream.
It is an advantage of the invention that:Metal is carrying out before processing, it is necessary to washes the dirts such as antirust oil, the cutting fluid on surface
The processing of latter step can be carried out, although traditional phosphorus system cleaning agent with good cleaning performance, to the eutrophy of water body
Change seriously substitute by without phosphorus powder cleaning agent gradually, but without phosphorus cleaning agent is alkaline too weak, it is difficult to wash grease, dirty
Dirt, alkalescence then has very strong corrosivity very much to metal base by force, if excessive use surfactant containing phenols, although cleaning
Effect is good, but has bio-toxicity, difficult degradation, and the residence time is grown in water body, and can not decompose greasy dirt, liquid waste processing difficulty
Greatly, cost is high, for these problems present invention using strain sample is gathered from the environment of oil pollution, is carried out as bacterium source rich
Collection domestication culture filters out the high bacterial strain of degraded oil rate, and enzyme immobilization technology is as a kind of very effective method, Neng Gouzeng
The selectivity and environmental stability of strong enzyme, and realize recovery and utilize, can continuous operation, reduce cost, and magnetic Nano
Microballoon is due to wide with high-specific surface area, mobility, high mass transfer ability and recuperability use range, and dopamine is gentle
Under the conditions of can be dissolved oxygen oxidation from being polymerized to poly-dopamine, poly-dopamine has excellent adhesion characteristics, and polyethylene glycol possesses
The advantages of interfacial free energy is low, aquation is strong, and molecular conformation is flexible, the present invention use and aoxidize polyethylene glycol, Ran Houhe
Magnetic poly-dopamine is mixed with the magnetic carrier material of flexible high-affinity, has good stability, tolerance and repetition
Performance, degradation bacteria is fixed by suction-operated, and the non-phosphorus builder that filters out, surfactant etc. carry out compounding system
Into compound powder cleaning agent, can not only cleaning workpiece surface greasy dirt, have to oily waste water decompose well, catalysis is made
With reducing COD value, reduce the intractability and processing cost of waste water, and the degradation bacteria that magnetic carrier is fixed being capable of magnetic
Recycle, reduce cost, powder cleaning agent prepared by the present invention is not phosphorous, environmentally friendly, and cleaning performance is better than routine
Pre-treatment oil removing process, service life is more lasting, nontoxic to environment, uses manpower and material resources sparingly, and use range is wide, and produces
Waste water it is more disposable.
Embodiment
A kind of magnetic polyethylene glycol fixes the compound powder cleaning agent of degradation bacteria, by following parts by weight(Kilogram)Raw material system
Prepare into:Sodium hydroxide 13, sodium carbonate 22, metasilicate pentahydrate sodium 4, silicon silicic acid organic carboxyl acid polymeric modification thing 13, dodecyl
Benzene sulfonic acid 2.8, sodium benzoate 0.7, sodium citrate 1.1, hydroxyl synthol APEO 1.4, acrylic acid maleic acid
1.6th, AEO 1.1, polyethylene glycol 2000 15, three(Methylol)Aminomethane 3, dopamine 10, magnetic fluid
1.2nd, appropriate dimethyl sulfoxide, appropriate chloroform, acetic anhydride acid anhydride be appropriate, appropriate absolute ether, appropriate absolute ethyl alcohol, hydroxide
Appropriate sodium, 0.9% sodium chloride are appropriate, appropriate hydrochloric acid, appropriate deionized water.
A kind of magnetic polyethylene glycol fixes the compound powder cleaning agent of degradation bacteria, is prepared and made by following specific steps
Into:
(1)Pedotheque will be gathered from the varying environment of oil pollution as bacterium source, and be added separately to be made in deionized water dense
The soil liquid for 0.25g/ml is spent, is staticly settled after stirring 30min, 0.2g/ml is added after supernatant is mixed evenly
The leaching liquor of uncontaminated rich soil, control temperature is at 30 DEG C, pH value 7.5, by colony inoculation to crude oil minimal medium
Upper carry out enrichment culture, the degradation rate of oil is determined, choose the high bacterium of degradation rate as purpose strain;
(2)By step(1)Obtained purpose bacteria culture fluid carries out tamed strain, is exposed using crude oil minimal medium
Gas domestication culture, it is 35 DEG C to control temperature, pH value 8.5, and the domestication of mixed liquor aeration determines residua content after 1 day, then quantitative
7# machine oil, Phos and inorganic nitrogen are supplemented, it is met carbon:Nitrogen:Phosphorus is 100:5:1, wherein carbon content is quality in domestication liquid
The 1% of fraction, the bacterium colony that oil degradation speed is fast, colonial morphology is consistent with thalli morphology is retained as purebred;
(3)Polyethylene glycol 2000 is added to the mixed solution of 11 total times of dimethyl sulfoxides measured and chloroform under the protection of nitrogen
In, wherein dimethyl sulfoxide and chloroform are 3 according to volume ratio:1, appropriate acetic anhydride acid anhydride is added in room temperature after stirring and dissolving
Under 9h stirred with 200r/min rotating speed, reaction is precipitated with absolute ether after terminating, is subsequently placed in room temperature in vacuum drying chamber and does
It is dry;
(4)By three(Methylol)Aminomethane is added to the concentration that 10mmol/L is made in hydrochloric acid solution, and pH is adjusted to 8, adds magnetic
Fluid ultrasonic disperse 30min, dopamine hydrochloride is added after being uniformly dispersed, and solid product is carried out after 2.5h is stirred at room temperature
Magneto separate, dried after repeatedly being washed with absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water, then according to solid-to-liquid ratio 1:10 are distributed in methanol solution,
It is 4.5 to adjust pH value, adds step(3)The product of preparation, tune system pH is 6 after 1h is stirred at 30 DEG C, continues to stir 1h,
Reaction terminates rear magnet separation, and product is washed in drying for standby after neutrality repeatedly with absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water;
(5)By step(2)The strain that aeration domestication obtains is inoculated into beef-protein medium, in 30 DEG C, 150r/min
3h is cultivated on constant temperature oscillator, each bacterial strain is in exponential phase, strain suspension is made, is inoculated into 5% inoculum concentration
In 100ml beef-protein mediums, 1wt% steps are then added(4)The product of preparation, in 30 DEG C of rotating speeds be 160rpm
Reaction 15h, is centrifuged off supernatant, lower floor is washed for several times with 0.9% sodium chloride solution, gained immobilized thallus room in shaking table
Temperature spontaneously dries standby;
(6)By sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, metasilicate pentahydrate sodium and step(5)The product of preparation is stirred 3min, adds it
Remaining remaining product stirring 5min, packaging can obtain compound powder cleaning agent.
A kind of magnetic polyethylene glycol fixes the compound powder cleaning agent of degradation bacteria, the crude oil minimal medium
It is formulated and is:7# machine oil 0.2%, sodium chloride 0.5%, ammonium sulfate 0.1%, magnesium sulfate 0.025%, sodium nitrate 0.2%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate
0.5%th, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 1.0%, agar 1.6%;The formula of the beef-protein medium is:Beef extract 3g/L, peptone
To 1L, regulation pH is 7,121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min for 10g/L, sodium chloride 5g/L, agar 15g/L plus deionized water.
A kind of magnetic polyethylene glycol fixes the cleaning of the compound powder cleaning agent of degradation bacteria, comprises the following steps:
(1)Compound powder cleaning agent is added to the cleaning fluid for being configured to that concentration is 55g/L in deionized water, is added to rinse bath
In, adjustment system pH is 11;
(2)Workpiece is placed in rinse bath, soaks 5min in 55 DEG C of underflow streams.
The without phosphorus powder cleaning agent prepared to embodiment is configured to cleaning fluid, and 45# steel and LY12 aluminium alloys are impregnated respectively
5min is cleaned, takes out observation:Surface decoction clarification, illustrates that the powder cleaning agent has Rapid Cleaning and decomposes greasy dirt without oil bloom
The effect of.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of magnetic polyethylene glycol fixes the compound powder cleaning agent of degradation bacteria, it is characterised in that by the original of following parts by weight
Material preparation is made:Sodium hydroxide 13-15, sodium carbonate 22-25, metasilicate pentahydrate sodium 4-5, silicon silicic acid organic carboxyl acid polymeric modification thing
13-15, DBSA 2.8-3.3, sodium benzoate 0.7-0.9, sodium citrate 1.1-1.5, hydroxyl synthol polyoxy second
Alkene ether 1.4-1.6, acrylic acid maleic acid 1.6-1.9, AEO 1.1-1.3, polyethylene glycol 2000 15-
18th, three(Methylol)Aminomethane 3-6, dopamine 10-12, magnetic fluid 1.2-1.5, appropriate dimethyl sulfoxide, appropriate chloroform,
Acetic anhydride acid anhydride is appropriate, appropriate absolute ether, appropriate absolute ethyl alcohol, Sodium hydroxide q. s, 0.9% sodium chloride are appropriate, hydrochloric acid is fitted
Amount, appropriate deionized water.
2. a kind of magnetic polyethylene glycol fixes the compound powder cleaning agent of degradation bacteria according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
It is made up of following specific steps:
(1)Pedotheque will be gathered from the varying environment of oil pollution as bacterium source, and be added separately to be made in deionized water dense
The soil liquid for 0.25g/ml is spent, is staticly settled after stirring 30min, 0.2g/ml is added after supernatant is mixed evenly
The leaching liquor of uncontaminated rich soil, control temperature is at 30 DEG C, pH value 7.5, by colony inoculation to crude oil minimal medium
Upper carry out enrichment culture, the degradation rate of oil is determined, choose the high bacterium of degradation rate as purpose strain;
(2)By step(1)Obtained purpose bacteria culture fluid carries out tamed strain, is exposed using crude oil minimal medium
Gas domestication culture, it is 35 DEG C to control temperature, pH value 8.5, and the domestication of mixed liquor aeration determines residua content after 1 day, then quantitative
7# machine oil, Phos and inorganic nitrogen are supplemented, it is met carbon:Nitrogen:Phosphorus is 100:5:1, wherein carbon content is quality in domestication liquid
The 1% of fraction, the bacterium colony that oil degradation speed is fast, colonial morphology is consistent with thalli morphology is retained as purebred;
(3)Polyethylene glycol 2000 is added to the mixing of dimethyl sulfoxide and chloroform that 11-13 is always measured again under the protection of nitrogen
In solution, wherein dimethyl sulfoxide and chloroform are 3 according to volume ratio:1-1.5, appropriate acetic anhydride is added after stirring and dissolving
Acid anhydride stirs 9-11h with 200-300r/min rotating speed at room temperature, and reaction is precipitated after terminating with absolute ether, is subsequently placed in vacuum
Drying at room temperature in drying box;
(4)By three(Methylol)Aminomethane is added to the concentration that 10mmol/L is made in hydrochloric acid solution, and pH is adjusted to 8-8.5, adds
Enter magnetic fluid ultrasonic disperse 30min, dopamine hydrochloride is added after being uniformly dispersed, solid is produced after 2.5-3h is stirred at room temperature
Thing carries out Magneto separate, is dried after repeatedly being washed with absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water, then according to solid-to-liquid ratio 1:10 are distributed to methanol
In solution, regulation pH value is 4.5-5.5, adds step(3)The product of preparation, tune system pH is 6- after 1h is stirred at 30 DEG C
6.5, continue to stir 1-1.5h, reaction terminates rear magnet separation, and product is washed in neutrality repeatedly with absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water
Drying for standby afterwards;
(5)By step(2)The strain that aeration domestication obtains is inoculated into beef-protein medium, in 30 DEG C, 150r/min
3h is cultivated on constant temperature oscillator, each bacterial strain is in exponential phase, strain suspension is made, is inoculated into 5% inoculum concentration
In 100ml beef-protein mediums, 1wt% steps are then added(4)The product of preparation, in 30 DEG C of rotating speeds be 160rpm
Reaction 15-18h, is centrifuged off supernatant, lower floor is washed for several times with 0.9% sodium chloride solution, gained immobilized thallus in shaking table
Natural drying at room temperature is standby;
(6)By sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, metasilicate pentahydrate sodium and step(5)The product of preparation is stirred 3-5min, adds
Remaining remaining product stirring 5-10min, packaging can obtain compound powder cleaning agent.
3. a kind of magnetic polyethylene glycol fixes the compound powder cleaning agent of degradation bacteria according to claim 2, it is characterised in that
The formula of the crude oil minimal medium is:7# machine oil 0.2-0.3%, sodium chloride 0.5-0.6%, ammonium sulfate 0.1-0.15%, sulphur
Sour magnesium 0.025-0.03%, sodium nitrate 0.2-0.25%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5-0.6%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 1.0-1.5%, agar
1.6-2%;The formula of the beef-protein medium is:Beef extract 3-4g/L, peptone 10-11g/L, sodium chloride 5-
To 1L, regulation pH is 7-7.2,121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min for 5.5g/L, agar 15-16g/L plus deionized water.
4. a kind of magnetic polyethylene glycol fixes the cleaning of the compound powder cleaning agent of degradation bacteria, it is characterised in that including with
Lower step:
(1)Compound powder cleaning agent is added to the cleaning fluid for being configured to that concentration is 55-65g/L in deionized water, is added to cleaning
In groove, adjustment system pH is 11-12.5;
(2)Workpiece is placed in rinse bath, soaks 5-10min in 55-60 DEG C of underflow stream.
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN114472338A (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2022-05-13 | 山东东方明锐物资有限公司 | Harmless cleaning method for filter screen of oil mist filter of cold rolling mill |
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CN105297044A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-02-03 | 佛山市高明俊品金属制品有限公司 | Water-based stainless steel cleaner |
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US20050245411A1 (en) * | 2004-05-03 | 2005-11-03 | Bo Yang | Methods and composition for cleaning and passivating fuel cell systems |
CN102230182A (en) * | 2011-06-16 | 2011-11-02 | 蓝星环境工程有限公司 | Water-based cleaning agent |
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