CN107354757A - 用离子液体制备磁性蚕丝织物 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种使用离子液体制备磁性蚕丝织物的方法，该方法包括如下步骤：（1）溶解液的制备：将离子液体加入到无水乙醇中，形成浓度0.1%‑10%的混合溶液，然后在混合溶液中加入磁性纳米粒子，超声振荡下得到分散有磁性纳米粒子的溶解液；（2）将蚕丝织物在步骤（1）所得的溶解液中多次浸轧；（3）将浸轧后的蚕丝织物于真空干燥器中去除乙醇，真空度为‑0.1MPa，温度为70ºC；（4）将去除乙醇的蚕丝织物在红外线下辐照；（5）将辐照后的蚕丝织物浸渍于甲醇溶液中凝固，然后水洗、烘干。本制备技术简单易行，成本低廉，对蚕丝织物的强力损伤小，不改变蚕丝纤维表面性能，磁性纳米粒子在蚕丝织物上具有良好的牢度；本制备过程中未使用任何粘合剂，无毒无害。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种功能织物的制备方法，尤其是一种使用离子液体制备磁性蚕丝织物的方法。
背景技术
将纳米粒子引入纺织纤维中，可以制备得到功能性纤维材料。目前将纳米粒子引入蚕丝纤维的制备方法很多，如：吸附法，溶胶凝胶法，层层组装法，涂层法，喂食法等。然而，吸附法通过主要通过分子间范德华力和离子键力使纳米粒子吸附到蚕丝纤维表面，水洗牢度较低；溶胶凝胶法和层层组装法的工艺过程较长，且较难控制；涂层法是利用粘合剂将纳米粒子粘合到蚕丝纤维表面，降低了蚕丝纤维对人体的亲肤性；喂食法是将纳米粒子混入家蚕食物中，使蚕丝纤维混入纳米粒子，缺点是效率很低。
离子液体是指在室温或接近室温下呈现液态的、完全由阴阳离子所组成的盐，也称为低温熔融盐。离子液体是近年来兴起的强力溶剂。目前，常用于丝蛋白溶解的离子液体有：1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑醋酸盐BmimAc，氯化-1-烯丙基-3-甲基咪唑AmimCl，1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑醋酸盐EmimAc，1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐EmimCl等。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是，针对以上现有技术存在的缺点，提出一种使用离子液体制备磁性蚕丝织物的方法。该制备技术简单易行，成本低廉，对蚕丝织物的强力损伤小，不改变蚕丝纤维表面性能，磁性纳米粒子在蚕丝织物上具有良好的牢度；该制备过程中未使用任何粘合剂，无毒无害。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采取的解决方案为：一种使用离子液体制备磁性蚕丝织物的方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
（1）溶解液的制备：将离子液体加入到无水乙醇中，形成浓度0.1%-10%的混合溶液，然后在混合溶液中加入磁性纳米粒子，超声振荡下得到分散有磁性纳米粒子的溶解液；
（2）将蚕丝织物在步骤（1）所得的溶解液中多次浸轧；
（3）将浸轧后的蚕丝织物于真空干燥器中去除乙醇，真空度为-0.1MPa，温度为70ºC；
（4）将去除乙醇的蚕丝织物在红外线下辐照10-30min；
（5）将辐照后的蚕丝织物浸渍于甲醇溶液中凝固，然后水洗、烘干。
本发明的有益效果在于，（1）采用浸轧法和真空干燥使有限的离子液体主要分布于蚕丝纤维的表面，短时间的微波辐照只能对蚕丝纤维表面进行部分溶解，而不会损伤蚕丝纤维内部，减小对蚕丝纤维及织物物理机械性能的损伤；（2）在蚕丝纤维表面部分溶解的蚕丝蛋白形成蛋白质浓溶液，对纳米粒子具有粘附作用；（3）蚕丝纤维表面形成的蛋白质浓溶液在甲醇溶液中重新凝固，起到对纳米粒子的粘合、包裹作用；（4）制备过程中未使用任何粘合剂，无毒无害。
具体实施方式
下文将结合具体实施例详细描述本发明。应当注意的是，下述实施例中描述的技术特征或者技术特征的组合不应当被认为是孤立的，它们可以被相互组合从而达到更好的技术效果。
实施例1
（1）溶解液的制备：将离子液体氯化-1-烯丙基-3-甲基咪唑AmimCl加入到无水乙醇中，形成浓度10%的混合溶液，然后在混合溶液中加入0.4%（w/w）磁性纳米粒子镁铁氧体，超声振荡下得到分散有磁性纳米粒子的溶解液；
（2）将蚕丝织物在步骤（1）所得的溶解液中多次浸轧，轧余率为100%；
（3）将浸轧后的蚕丝织物于真空干燥器中去除乙醇，真空度为-0.1MPa，温度为70ºC；
（4）将去除乙醇的蚕丝织物在红外线下辐照15min；
（5）将辐照后的蚕丝织物浸渍于甲醇溶液中凝固10min，然后水洗、烘干。
实施例2
（1）溶解液的制备：将离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑醋酸盐BmimAc加入到无水乙醇中，形成浓度0.1%的混合溶液，然后在混合溶液中加入0.3%（w/w）磁性纳米粒子镍铁氧体，超声振荡下得到分散有磁性纳米粒子的溶解液；
（2）将蚕丝织物在步骤（1）所得的溶解液中多次浸轧，轧余率为120%；
（3）将浸轧后的蚕丝织物于真空干燥器中去除乙醇，真空度为-0.1MPa，温度为70ºC；
（4）将去除乙醇的蚕丝织物在红外线下辐照10min；
（5）将辐照后的蚕丝织物浸渍于甲醇溶液中凝固10min，然后水洗、烘干。
实施例3
（1）溶解液的制备：将离子液体1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑醋酸盐EmimAc加入到无水乙醇中，形成浓度5%的混合溶液，然后在混合溶液中加入0.9%（w/w）磁性纳米粒子四氧化三铁，超声振荡下得到分散有磁性纳米粒子的溶解液；
（2）将蚕丝织物在步骤（1）所得的溶解液中多次浸轧，轧余率为70%；
（3）将浸轧后的蚕丝织物于真空干燥器中去除乙醇，真空度为-0.1MPa，温度为70ºC；
（4）将去除乙醇的蚕丝织物在红外线下辐照30min；
（5）将辐照后的蚕丝织物浸渍于甲醇溶液中凝固10min，然后水洗、烘干。
本文虽然已经给出了本发明的一些实施例，但是本领域的技术人员应当理解，在不脱离本发明精神的情况下，可以对本文的实施例进行改变。上述实施例只是示例性的，不应以本文的实施例作为本发明权利范围的限定。
Claims (3)
1.一种使用离子液体制备磁性蚕丝织物的方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
（1）溶解液的制备：将离子液体加入到无水乙醇中，形成浓度0.1%-10%的混合溶液，然后在混合溶液中加入磁性纳米粒子，超声振荡下得到分散有磁性纳米粒子的溶解液；
（2）将蚕丝织物在步骤（1）所得的溶解液中多次浸轧；
（3）将浸轧后的蚕丝织物于真空干燥器中去除乙醇，真空度为-0.1MPa，温度为70ºC；
（4）将去除乙醇的蚕丝织物在红外线下辐照10-30min；
（5）将辐照后的蚕丝织物浸渍于甲醇溶液中凝固，然后水洗、烘干。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种使用离子液体制备磁性蚕丝织物的方法，其特征在于：离子液体为1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑醋酸盐BmimAc，氯化-1-烯丙基-3-甲基咪唑AmimCl，1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑醋酸盐EmimAc，1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐EmimCl等。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种使用离子液体制备磁性蚕丝织物的方法，其特征在于：磁性粒子包括钴铁氧体、镁铁氧体、镍铁氧体、四氧化三铁等纳米粒子。
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| CN104805680A (zh) * | 2015-04-28 | 2015-07-29 | 武汉纺织大学 | 一种功能性织物的制备方法 |
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| Title |
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| 张亚: "《离子液体的应用及研究》", 31 October 2009, 陕西科学技术出版社 * |
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Application publication date: 20171117 |