CN107351485A - 一种用于公交车顶裙板的轻量阻燃复合板 - Google Patents

一种用于公交车顶裙板的轻量阻燃复合板 Download PDF

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CN107351485A
CN107351485A CN201710569272.7A CN201710569272A CN107351485A CN 107351485 A CN107351485 A CN 107351485A CN 201710569272 A CN201710569272 A CN 201710569272A CN 107351485 A CN107351485 A CN 107351485A
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skirtboard
public transport
light weight
composite board
transport roof
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CN107351485B (zh
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郭红亮
张鑫
席文飞
袁国渊
徐世海
贾杰
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Yutong Bus Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种用于公交车顶裙板的轻量阻燃复合板，包括基材、粘接层、表面层，所述基材与表面层按照公交车顶裙板成型工艺通过粘接层固定连接成整体，所述整体的厚度为3.5mm，面密度为2.0kg/m2；所述基材为玻璃纤维增强热塑性塑料，所述粘接层为聚氨酯粘接剂，所述表面层为防火板。本发明轻量阻燃复合板所用基材面密度低，所用表面材料阻燃性能好、不会产生腐烂及霉变，该轻量阻燃复合板具有轻量化优势明显、阻燃防火等级高、气味小、可挥发性有机物（VOC）含量满足国家标准等突出优点，有效解决了现有公交车顶裙板产品的面密度大、VOC超标的问题，同时不会产生现有技术中铝塑板使用时产生的异响问题和高密度板使用时产生的腐烂、霉变、脱层问题。

Description

一种用于公交车顶裙板的轻量阻燃复合板
技术领域
本发明涉及公交车顶裙板技术领域，具体是一种用于公交车顶裙板的轻量阻燃复合板。
背景技术
现有的公交车顶裙板多使用厚度为3mm的（冲孔）铝塑板和高密度板，上述两种板材的面密度大，高达3.0kg/㎡，不符合公交车发展轻量化的趋势；同时，这两种板材的环保性能差，挥发性有机物含量高，对环境及人们的健康造成一定程度的伤害。
一般情况下，（冲孔）铝塑板因其独特的金属质感，多用于比较高档的公交车上，然而，铝塑板在使用时会产生异响问题；而高密度板因其成本较低，质感一般，多用于中低端公交车上，但高密度板会产生腐烂、霉变、脱层问题，严重影响了整车内饰的听觉和视觉效果。
在用于顶裙板时，铝塑板安装固定点处会出现凹陷，造成整体金属反光度不一致，严重影响公交车整体内饰美观度，所以现有公交车在使用铝塑板时，通常表面会采用冲孔的方式来降低顶裙板的反光度，同时该方式也降低了铝塑板的面密度。尽管铝塑板冲孔后面密度有所下降，但仍超过了2.85kg/㎡，而环保、装车异响问题也无法解决。
发明内容
为解决现有公交车所用铝塑板和高密度板面密度高、环保性能差，铝塑板使用时的异响，高密度板产生腐烂、霉变的技术问题，本发明提供一种用于公交车顶裙板的轻量阻燃复合板。
本发明轻量阻燃复合板所用基材面密度低，所用表面材料阻燃性能好、不会产生腐烂及霉变，该轻量阻燃复合板具有轻量化优势明显、阻燃防火等级高、气味小、可挥发性有机物（VOC）含量满足国家标准等突出优点，有效解决了现有公交车顶裙板产品的面密度大、VOC超标的问题，同时不会产生现有技术中铝塑板使用时产生的异响问题和高密度板使用时产生的腐烂、霉变、脱层问题。
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案来实现：
一种用于公交车顶裙板的轻量阻燃复合板，包括基材、粘接层、表面层，所述基材与表面层按照公交车顶裙板成型工艺通过粘接层固定连接成整体，所述整体的厚度为3.5mm，面密度为2.0kg/m2；
所述基材为玻璃纤维增强热塑性塑料，所述粘接层为聚氨酯粘接剂，所述表面层为防火板。
进一步，所述防火板为牛皮纸浸渍三聚氰胺压制而成的热固性材料。
进一步，所述防火板的厚度为0.7mm，面密度为0.85kg/m2。
进一步，所述公交车顶裙板成型工艺为在玻璃纤维增强热塑性塑料表面均匀喷涂聚氨酯胶粘剂，同时在聚氨酯胶粘剂表面放置防火板，然后放置于多层热压机内进行压制固化成型。
进一步，所述公交车顶裙板成型工艺中所用聚氨酯胶粘剂的量为0.15kg/m2。
进一步，所述玻璃纤维增强热塑性塑料的厚度为2.7mm，面密度为1.0kg/m2。
进一步，所述玻璃纤维增强热塑性塑料由湿法制作而成。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果：
（1）本发明有利地将轻质的玻璃纤维增强热塑性塑料与防火板结合起来用作公交车顶裙板，有效地利用了两者的低密度、轻质，满足了汽车发展轻量化的要求，同时利用了防火板高效阻燃性能，两者结合解决了现有公交车顶裙板所用铝塑板和高密度板的面密度高的问题。
（2）本发明所用玻璃纤维增强热塑性塑料及牛皮纸浸渍三聚氰胺压制而成的热固性材料，两者的VOC含量低，满足环保要求，同时防火板耐高温，防潮，解决了高密度板的腐烂、发霉的问题。
（3）本发明利用防火板做表面材料制成的用于公交车顶裙板的复合板，易于安装及剪裁，抗震能力强，在使用时不会发出异响，解决了现有技术中铝塑板使用过程中出现异响的问题。
附图说明
图1为本发明轻量阻燃复合板剖面结构示意图；
图中：1-基材，2-粘接层，3-表面层。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例及附图，对本发明做进一步详细的说明。
图1为本发明轻量阻燃复合板剖面结构示意图。根据图1，一种用于公交车顶裙板的轻量阻燃复合板，包括基材1、粘接层2、表面层3，所述基材1与表面层3按照公交车顶裙板成型工艺通过粘接层2固定连接成整体，所述整体的厚度为3.5mm，面密度为2.0kg/m2；所述基材1为玻璃纤维增强热塑性塑料，所述粘接层2为聚氨酯粘接剂，所述表面层3为防火板，所述防火板为牛皮纸浸渍三聚氰胺压制而成的热固性材料，所述牛皮纸浸渍三聚氰胺压制而成的热固性材料的厚度为0.7mm，面密度为0.85kg/m2。所述玻璃纤维增强热塑性塑料的厚度为2.7mm，面密度为1.0kg/m2。
其中，所述公交车顶裙板成型工艺为在玻璃纤维增强热塑性塑料表面均匀喷涂聚氨酯胶粘剂，同时在聚氨酯胶粘剂表面放置防火板，然后放置于多层热压机内进行压制固化成型。所述公交车顶裙板成型工艺中所用聚氨酯胶粘剂的量为0.15kg/m2。
在本实施例中，所述玻璃纤维增强热塑性塑料由湿法制作而成。
本发明所制备的用于公交车顶裙板的轻量阻燃复合板的强度高，质量轻，所用材料玻璃纤维增强热塑性塑料和牛皮纸浸渍三聚氰胺压制而成的热固性材料所含的挥发性有机物含量低，满足了汽车发展轻量化的要求和环保性能。同时所用基材和防火材料有效地解决了现有技术中所用铝塑板和高密度板所存在的问题。
要说明的是，以上所述实施例是对本发明技术方案的说明而非限制，所属技术领域普通技术人员的等同替换或者根据现有技术而做的其它修改，只要没超出本发明技术方案的思路和范围，均应包含在本发明所要求的权利范围之内。

Claims (7)

1.一种用于公交车顶裙板的轻量阻燃复合板，包括基材（1）、粘接层（2）、表面层（3），所述基材（1）与表面层（3）按照公交车顶裙板成型工艺通过粘接层（2）固定连接成整体，所述整体的厚度为3.5mm，面密度为2.0kg/m2；
所述基材（1）为玻璃纤维增强热塑性塑料，所述粘接层（2）为聚氨酯粘接剂，所述表面层（3）为防火板。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于公交车顶裙板的轻量阻燃复合板，其特征在于，所述防火板为牛皮纸浸渍三聚氰胺压制而成的热固性材料。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于公交车顶裙板的轻量阻燃复合板，其特征在于，所述防火板的厚度为0.7mm，面密度为0.85kg/m2。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于公交车顶裙板的轻量阻燃复合板，其特征在于，所述公交车顶裙板成型工艺为在玻璃纤维增强热塑性塑料表面均匀喷涂聚氨酯胶粘剂，同时在聚氨酯胶粘剂表面放置防火板，然后放置于多层热压机内进行压制固化成型。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种用于公交车顶裙板的轻量阻燃复合板，其特征在于，所述公交车顶裙板成型工艺中所用聚氨酯胶粘剂的量为0.15kg/m2。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于公交车顶裙板的轻量阻燃复合板，其特征在于，所述玻璃纤维增强热塑性塑料的厚度为2.7mm，面密度为1.0kg/m2。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于公交车顶裙板的轻量阻燃复合板，其特征在于，所述玻璃纤维增强热塑性塑料由湿法制作而成。
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CN203651655U (zh) * 2013-11-05 2014-06-18 长春德嘉木业有限公司 轨道车辆内饰复合板
CN203888301U (zh) * 2014-06-10 2014-10-22 江苏长海复合材料股份有限公司 玻璃纤维复合防火层压板
CN204398415U (zh) * 2014-09-10 2015-06-17 丹阳市新美龙汽车软饰件有限公司 一种高强轻质防火复合内饰板
CN204773925U (zh) * 2015-05-29 2015-11-18 常州市新创复合材料有限公司 一种高性能连续纤维增强热塑阻燃板
CN105500837B (zh) * 2015-12-16 2018-01-02 上海晋飞复合材料科技有限公司 复合材料制作高铁设备舱裙板的工艺

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