CN107343411A - One, which cultivates peanut, picks up harvest screw feeder - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an improved structure of a picking and harvesting part of a peanut harvester. An auger for picking and harvesting peanuts. An anti-wrapping guard (2) is arranged on the inner side of the left and right side plates (1). The front of the two ends of the dragon (4); the concave plate (3) has a long waist hole, and the angle between the length direction and the axis of the auger (4) is consistent with the helix angle of the edge of the auger (4) blade; the auger ( 4) Adjust the distance with the lower concave plate (3) by means of adjustable lifting, the auger shafts (6) at the left and right ends of the auger (4) protrude out of the left and right side plates (1) through the long holes in the up and down direction , the bearing seat (13) at the end of the auger shaft (6) is fixed on the left and right slide plates (12), and the mutual distance between the auger and the gravure is changed by rotating the bolt (7); (10) upper horizontally fix an anti-return belt plate (14). The invention pertinently solves some technical defects, improves some technical performances and indicators, and greatly improves harvesting speed, work efficiency and peanut harvesting quality.

Description

A kind of peanut picking and harvesting auger

technical field

The invention relates to an improved structure of agricultural machinery parts, in particular to an improved structure of picking and harvesting auger parts of a peanut harvester.

Background technique

Peanut harvesting can be mainly divided into two methods: half-feed combined harvest and full-feed segmented harvest. Half-feed harvesting is mainly to dig out the peanut seedlings from the soil through the digging shovel and the clamping chain, and then clamp and transport them backward. During the transportation, the picking is completed under the action of the rotation of the fruit picking rollers. Half-feed combined harvesting is mainly used for small area fresh fruit harvesting. Full-feed segmental harvesting is to dig up the peanuts with a digging harvester and put them on the ground to dry for a period of time, and then pick up the peanut seedlings through the picking-up combine harvester and transport them to the subsequent picking, cleaning, fruit collection and other components , to complete the picking and harvesting operation.

Among them, the peanut picking and harvesting auger is an important part of peanut full feeding, picking and harvesting. The conveying auger collects the peanut seedlings picked up by the picker in time and transports them to the follow-up working parts such as the conveying trough or fruit picking roller.

When the pick-up combine harvester is working, as the harvester moves forward, the peanut seedlings are picked up by the pick-up spring teeth under the interaction of the grain press and the pick-up device, and continue to be pushed along the surface of the grass-sliding board by the pick-up spring teeth The movement enters the conveying auger; under the rotary motion of the auger, the peanut seedlings are concentratedly conveyed to the interface part of the harvesting table frame, and then enter the follow-up working parts to complete the picking and harvesting operation. The picking and harvesting auger affects the quality, efficiency and smoothness of harvesting, and needs continuous improvement and optimization of the structure to improve harvesting quality, efficiency and smoothness.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide an improvement and improved structure of the auger for picking and harvesting peanuts, so as to improve the harvesting quality, efficiency and smoothness of the machine tool.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

An auger for picking and harvesting peanuts, comprising a casing with an opening forward, left and right side panels, a back panel, and an upper panel, horizontally horizontally placed augers that move left and right symmetrically toward the middle in the casing, and are arranged below the auger The arc concave plate is characterized in that:

An anti-wrapping guard is arranged on the inner side of the left and right sides respectively, and the anti-wrapping guard is a semi-curved plate with a width h and is located in front of both ends of the auger;

There is a long waist-shaped hole on the concave plate, the width of the waist-shaped hole d: 0.75q≤d<q, q is the average diameter of peanuts, the length direction is at an angle α to the axis of the auger, and α is the spiral of the edge of the auger blade. same lead angle;

The distance between the auger and the lower concave plate is adjusted in an adjustable lifting manner. The auger shafts at the left and right ends of the auger protrude out of the left and right side plates through the long holes in the up and down direction, and the bearings at the ends of the auger shaft The seat is fixed on the left and right slide plates, and the left and right slide plates are respectively connected with the horizontal support plates located on the outside of the left and right plates by vertically arranged bolts to change the mutual distance between the auger and the intaglio by rotating the bolts;

An anti-backup plate with a width g is fixed horizontally on the back plate, the anti-backup plate is located at the height of the axis of the auger, and the gap between it and the edge of the auger blade is e.

The auger parts of the prior art peanut harvester are often stuck during operation, which affects the picking operation and the harvesting efficiency. This technical solution prevents the peanut seedlings from entering the gap between the end of the auger and the side plate and Wound on the shaft of the auger, causing the auger to be stuck.

There are special-required long-waisted holes on the concave plate, which is beneficial for the soil entrained by the peanut seedlings to leak out of the auger during the spiral push of the auger, reducing the burden on the subsequent cleaning parts. The existing technology or no The hole concave plate or the round hole is set on the concave plate, which has no effect at all, or the effect is very poor.

If the gap between the auger and the concave plate sieve is too small, the peanut pods will be broken or cracked during the screw conveying process; if the gap is too large, the conveying capacity of the auger will be reduced, and the peanut seedlings cannot be conveyed away in time, resulting in congestion, which in turn leads to the crushing of peanut pods Or split pods; so the gap between the auger and the concave screen needs to be adjusted according to the variety of peanuts. This patent not only proposes this technical requirement, but also provides an effective and practical mechanism and structure.

This technical solution also raises a problem that is easily overlooked. The anti-retraction mechanism and the edge of the auger blade form a small slit, which can prevent the peanut seedlings from being brought back from above during the screw conveying process of the auger, resulting in secondary transportation. , increase the conveying capacity of the auger, increase the breakage rate and cracking rate of peanut pods; at the same time, increase the amount of peanut seedlings at the junction of the picker and the auger, which will easily cause jams here and reduce the smoothness of the peanut picking and harvesting machine .

Further, the extension width h of the anti-wrapping guard is 20-50 mm, and the arc length of the anti-wrapping guard corresponds to 0.8-1.5 radians.

Further, both sides of the slide plate have flaps, the horizontal section of which is U-shaped, embedded and fixed in the vertical groove formed by the two vertical plates outside the side plate, and can move up and down, and the flap or one of the vertical plates is provided with a vertical length The hole is fixed by screwing the bolt after adjustment.

Further, the distance between the auger and the lower concave plate can be adjusted in the range of 0-90 mm.

Further, the width g of the anti-backband plate is 20-60 mm, and the gap e is 0-5 mm.

Still further, the upper and lower elongated holes of the anti-rewinding plate are used to adjust the assembly height steplessly by bolts.

Advantages of the present invention:

First of all, the peanut harvester has been a relatively mature product, which has been used by people who are conservative and continue to use it. The inventor is not limited by the habit, constantly looking for problems and deficiencies, analyzing the reasons and formulating improvement measures. The causes of some problems are easier to find and take countermeasures, while others are not easy to find the causes, let alone improve measures and structures. For example, there are many impurities and soil in the peanuts picked up above, and the load of the machine tool increases, resulting in low effective harvesting efficiency, and the workload of subsequent cleaning parts is also large. Some improvement measures are to open round holes on the concave plate, or Only the diameter of the round hole on the concave plate is increased, or the number of round holes is increased, but there is no effect, or the effect is not obvious. Only the present invention proposes a long hole structure, and the shape, size, arrangement, etc. of the long holes are improved. Requirements have been stipulated and improved, and the effect has been greatly improved, and the technical requirements and specific structure of adjusting the distance between the auger and the lower concave plate in an adjustable lifting mode have also been matched, which solves the existing problems very practically and effectively.

Secondly, several measures and structures proposed by the present invention have solved some technical defects and improved some technical performances and indicators in a targeted manner, which have not been disclosed in this field. The entanglement of miscellaneous branches, leaves and fruit seedlings between the board and the auger. It reduces the soil and debris mixed in the peanuts, reduces the subsequent operation load, and improves the harvesting efficiency and smoothness. It also reduces the breakage rate and pod cracking rate of peanuts, and improves the harvest quality. And it also prevents the bringing back of peanut seedlings, which hinders the operation. Overall, the harvesting speed, work efficiency and peanut harvesting quality are greatly improved.

In the process of trial production, it has been well received by users, and they are eager to introduce it to the market in batches and formally as soon as possible, and apply it to peanut picking and harvesting machines to improve the operation quality and generate economic benefits.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the implementation mode of a kind of peanut picking and harvesting auger of the present invention, the three-dimensional schematic view that observes from the upper front;

Fig. 2 is an embodiment of a peanut picking and harvesting auger of the present invention, a front view viewed from the front;

Fig. 3 is an embodiment of a peanut picking and harvesting auger of the present invention, a three-dimensional schematic view looking up from the front and bottom;

Fig. 4 is the right view of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is the left side view of Fig. 2, cut away the view of the left side plate, showing the anti-backband plate parts;

Fig. 6 is an embodiment of an auger for picking and harvesting peanuts according to the present invention, a partially cut perspective schematic view viewed from the upper right;

Figure 7 is the same angle of view as Figure 6, with a slightly larger range, showing the adjustment mechanism for fine-tuning the lift at the right end of the auger;

Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a concave plate part according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is an expanded plan view of a concave plate part according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing the shape and arrangement of long-waisted holes;

Fig. 10 is a perspective view of a concave plate part according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 11 is a perspective view of a better embodiment of the skateboard part of the present invention;

Fig. 12 is a side view of a riser component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 13 is a perspective view of an anti-wrapping shield part according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 14 is a perspective view of an anti-left panel component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, 1 is the side plate, 2 is the anti-winding guard plate, 3 is the concave plate, 4 is the auger, 5 is the upper panel, 6 is the auger shaft, 7 is the bolt, 8 is the horizontal support plate, and 9 is the flap , 10 is a back board, 11 is a vertical board, 12 is a slide plate, 13 is a bearing block, and 14 is an anti-back band plate.

detailed description

The structure of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

An auger for picking and harvesting peanuts, comprising a shell with an opening forward, left and right side panels 1, a back panel 10, and an upper panel 5, and horizontally horizontally placed augers 4 that gather left and right symmetrically toward the middle in the shell, Arc concave plate 3 is arranged below the auger 4:

An anti-wrapping guard 2 is arranged on the inside of the left and right side panels 1 respectively, and the anti-wrapping guard 2 is a semi-curved plate with a width h, located in front of both ends of the auger 4; effectively covering and protecting weeds The entanglement wrapped around the ends of the auger and the inside of the side panels.

The concave plate 3 has a long waist-shaped hole, the width of the waist-shaped hole d: 0.75q≤d<q, q is the average diameter of peanuts, the length direction is at an angle α to the axis of the auger 4, and α is connected to the blade of the auger 4 The helix angle of the edge is the same; from repeated tests in theory and practice, opening the hole, opening the required hole size and shape, and opening the angle position in line with the technical requirements can achieve better results.

The auger 4 adjusts the distance with the lower concave plate 3 in an adjustable lifting manner, the auger shaft 6 at the left and right ends of the auger 4 protrudes from the left and right side plates 1 through the long holes in the up and down direction, and the auger The bearing housing 13 at the end of the shaft 6 is fixed on the left and right slide plates 12, and the left and right slide plates 12 are changed by rotating the bolts 7 with the horizontal support plates 8 located outside the left and right side plates 1 respectively by the bolts 7 arranged vertically. distance;

An anti-retraction plate 14 of width g is horizontally fixed on the back plate 10, and the anti-retraction plate 14 is located at the height of the axis of the auger 4, and the gap between it and the blade edge of the auger 4 is e. Not a very complicated structure, but very effective, and not taken seriously, there are no measures taken by predecessors.

The extension width h of the anti-wrapping guard 2 is 10-50 mm, and the arc length of the anti-wrapping guard 2 corresponds to 0.8-1.5 radians. It is also an effective and simple measure and structure.

The two sides of described slide plate 12 have flap 9, and horizontal cross-section is U-shaped, embedded and fixed in the vertical groove that two vertical plates 11 outside side plate 1 form can move up and down, described flap 9 or described vertical plate 11 Once a vertical long hole is opened, it is fixed by bolts after adjustment. Just like the drawer structure with the opening downward, it can be adjusted up and down in a small amount steplessly, and after adjustment, it is simple and reliable to fix, ensuring the quality of operation. The structure is uncomplicated, easy to process, low in cost and good in effect.

The distance between the auger 4 and the lower concave plate 3 can be adjusted in the range of 0-90 mm. Such a range is sufficient to achieve better cleaning and exfoliating effects.

The width g of the anti-backband plate 14 is 20-60 mm, and the gap e is 0-5 mm. Within this range, a better anti-carryback effect can be achieved.

The anti-rewinding plate 14 has a structure with upper and lower long holes, and the assembly height can be adjusted steplessly by bolts. Due to the up-and-down adjustment of the auger 4 parts, the height of the auger 4 axis will also move up and down, and must be adjusted up and down to match it. With this technical solution, the adjustment is made along the long holes in the up and down direction, fixed by bolts, and the structure is simple. , easy and reliable.

Claims (6)

1. one cultivate peanut pickup harvest screw feeder, including opening forward, have left and right side plate (1), postnotum (10), top panel (5) Housing, the horizontal horizontal symmetrical screw feeder (4) gathered to centre in the housing, configuration circular arc notch board below screw feeder (4) (3), it is characterised in that：

In the inner side of left and right side plate (1), respectively one anti-tangle backplate (2) of configuration, the anti-tangle backplate (2) are in width h half arc, Positioned at the front at the screw feeder (4) both ends；

Long waist-shaped hole, waist-shaped hole width d are provided with the notch board (3)：0.75q≤d ＜ q, q are the average diameter of peanut, length Direction and screw feeder (4) axis are at an angle of α, and α is consistent with the lead angle of screw feeder (4) blade edge；

The screw feeder (4) adjusts the spacing with bottom notch board (3) in a manner of adjustable lifting, and screw feeder (4) the left and right both ends are stirred Imperial axle (6) stretches out left and right side plate (1) by the elongated hole of above-below direction, the bearing block (13) of screw conveyor shaft (6) end be fixed on it is left, On right two slide plates (12), left and right slide plate (12) by arranged perpendicular bolt (7) respectively with the water on the outside of left and right side plate (1) Flat support plate (8) changes the mutual distance between screw feeder and intaglio plate by swivel bolt (7)；

It is horizontal on backboard (10) in the rear to fix the anti-of width g and rewind plate (14), it is described anti-to rewind plate (14) and be located at institute The axis height of screw feeder (4) is stated, the gap with screw feeder (4) blade edge is e.

2. peanut picks up harvest screw feeder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the anti-tangle backplate (2) stretches out width h and is 10-50 millimeters, corresponding 0.8-1.5 radians of arc length of the anti-tangle backplate (2).

3. peanut picks up harvest screw feeder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the both sides of the slide plate (12) have turnover panel (9), horizontal cross-section is u-shaped, and embedded be fixed in the vertical channel that two risers (11) are formed on the outside of side plate (1) can move up and down, One of the turnover panel (9) or the riser (11) open up vertical long holes, are tightened after regulation by bolt.

4. peanut picks up harvest screw feeder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the screw feeder (4) and bottom notch board (3) Spacing adjustable extent is 0-90 millimeters.

5. peanut picks up harvest screw feeder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that it is described it is anti-rewind plate (14) width g for 20- 60 millimeters, the gap e is 0-5 millimeters.

6. harvest screw feeder is picked up according to 1 and 5 peanut of claim, it is characterised in that described to prevent rewinding plate (14) to grow up and down Pore structure, height is assembled by bolt stepless changing.