CN107335815B

CN107335815B - Concave center structure

Info

Publication number: CN107335815B
Application number: CN201710440650.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周军辉; 邱志强
Original assignee: Hangzhou Xien Xituosi Precision Machinery Co ltd
Current assignee: Hangzhou Xien Xituosi Precision Machinery Co ltd
Priority date: 2017-06-12
Filing date: 2017-06-12
Publication date: 2023-08-04
Anticipated expiration: 2037-06-12
Also published as: CN107335815A

Abstract

The utility model discloses a concave center structure, which comprises a center and a base, wherein the center is fixed at one end of the base, a first groove is formed in the end part of the center, the first groove comprises a first cavity and a second cavity which are coaxially connected, the first cavity is surrounded by a first conical surface, the inner diameter of the first cavity is gradually reduced from the end part of the center to the inside, and an intersection point is arranged in the second cavity after the first conical surface is prolonged towards the cone angle direction. The tip end part of the utility model is provided with the first groove, and the angle of the first conical surface can be designed according to the requirement, so that the first conical surface is matched with a workpiece to be processed; the intersection point of the first conical surface which extends towards the cone angle direction falls into the second cavity, the part to be processed is propped in the center, and the tip of the part to be processed is longer and can extend into the second cavity, so that the requirements of the terminal convex parts of different parts to be processed are met, and the use flexibility of the center structure is greatly improved; the tip structure can be made of hard alloy materials, so that the wear resistance of the tip structure is greatly improved, and the service life of the tip structure is prolonged.

Description

Concave center structure

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of mechanical equipment, in particular to a concave center structure.

Background

When a machine tool processes a workpiece, in order to ensure the precision and coaxiality of the workpiece, a center is arranged at the tail end of the machine tool to prop against the workpiece, and the center is widely applied and is an indispensable auxiliary tool in the turning process. The existing center is mostly convex, and a workpiece to be processed is a plane or is provided with a notch. In order to increase the machining flexibility of the workpiece, some end portions of the workpiece are often designed to be convex, and the existing tip structure is difficult to support the convex workpiece.

The Chinese patent No. 203542372U discloses a high-precision rotary concave top tip positioning device for an external grinding machine tool, which processes positioning circles based on the spherical surface and the top hole of a process ball, can ensure that the concentricity of the process ball is within phi 0.01mm, and solves the problems of waiting of working procedures and the like caused by long grinding and grinding time of the spherical surface. However, the heat resistance and the wear resistance of the device are poor, the service life of the center is influenced, the center is troublesome to install, and the device cannot be flexibly applied to various lathe machining according to the needs.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides a concave center structure which can solve one or more of the problems in the prior art.

According to one aspect of the present utility model, there is provided a female tip structure comprising a tip and a base, the tip being secured to one end of the base,

the tip is equipped with first recess, and first recess includes coaxial first cavity and the second cavity that links to each other, and first cavity is enclosed by first conical surface, and the internal diameter of first cavity reduces to inside by tip gradually, and the intersection point falls in the second cavity after the conical angle direction extension of first conical surface.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that the tip end part is provided with the first groove, in particular to a first conical surface, and the angle of the first conical surface can be designed according to the requirement of a workpiece to be processed, so that the first conical surface is matched with the workpiece to be processed; the intersection point of the first conical surface which extends towards the cone angle direction is located in the second cavity, so that when the part to be processed is propped in the center, if the tip of the part to be processed is longer, the tip can extend into the second cavity, thereby meeting the requirements of the terminal convex parts of different parts to be processed, and greatly improving the use flexibility of the center structure; the tip structure can be made of hard alloy materials, and the surface is coated, so that the wear resistance of the tip structure is greatly improved, and the service life of the tip structure is prolonged.

In some embodiments, the first taper angle α is 50 ° to 150 °. The workpiece centering device has the beneficial effects that the first conical surface is designed by matching with a clamped workpiece, when the included angle alpha is smaller, the centering effect of matching the workpiece with the inward concave top tip is better, but the longer the outer cone length of the workpiece is, when the included angle alpha is larger, the centering effect of matching the workpiece with the inward concave top tip is slightly poorer, but the shorter the outer cone length of the workpiece is; experiments prove that when the included angle alpha of the first conical surface is 50-150 degrees, the requirements of the clamped workpiece can be met well.

In some embodiments, the first taper angle α is 60 ° to 140 °. The external center angle of the workpiece has the beneficial effects that 60 degrees are the angle of the external center in the prior art, and the technical scheme adopts 60 degrees to preferentially meet the switching requirements of the workpiece centers; 140 ° is the angle of the tip of the cemented carbide drill, 140 ° of the outer cone on the workpiece, which is shorter in length and also better in centering, as demonstrated in the 140 ° tipped cemented carbide drill. Meanwhile, the 140-degree inward concave top tip is used, and the 140-degree hard alloy drill bit can be just matched for grinding, so that the method has wide application prospects.

In some embodiments, the first taper angle α is 60 ° to 90 °. The centering device has the advantages that compared with a special embodiment of 140 degrees, as a high-precision clamping mode, the centering effect of clamping is very important to ensure by using a small cone angle, for example, a common centering drill bit has a point angle of 90 degrees, and a 90-degree concave center is used for matching with the 90-degree centering drill bit for grinding.

In some embodiments, the tip is provided with a cooling groove extending from the outer surface of the tip to the second cavity through the first conical surface. The workpiece is punched in the machining process of the center structural support, a large amount of heat can be generated, particularly high-rotation-speed grinding is achieved, the cooling groove is arranged, heat is convenient to dissipate, and the heat is transmitted to the outside of the center through the cooling groove of the first conical surface by the second cavity to be dissipated, so that the temperature is reduced, and the service life of the center is prolonged. Here, the cooling tank can be a plurality of to evenly distributed carries out along the circumference of top, thereby improves radiating effect and heat dissipation homogeneity.

In some embodiments, the tip and the base are welded through a V-shaped port. The V-shaped opening welding device has the beneficial effects that the welding area of the center and the base is increased due to the welding design of the V-shaped opening, so that the firmness of the device is greatly enhanced, and the base can be a Morse taper shank so as to be convenient to install the device in various lathes.

In some embodiments, the tip is removably connected to the base. The tool has the advantages that the tip can be quickly assembled and disassembled like a blade, so that the tips with different specifications can be quickly switched in the machining process to meet the machining requirements of workpieces with different requirements; in addition, the detachable connection mode of the center and the base can also be used for quickly replacing the damaged center block.

In some embodiments, one end of the base is provided with a circular portion, one end of the circular portion extends out of the base body to form a boss, the tip is mounted at the end of the boss, and the tip, the boss and the circular portion are on the same central axis. The novel machining center has the beneficial effects that the boss is arranged in front of the base, the conical surface is arranged on the boss, the center is always at the highest point, and the interference between the center and a workpiece in the machining process is prevented.

In some embodiments, the tip is connected to the base by a screw,

a third cavity is also arranged in the center, the first cavity, the second cavity and the third cavity are coaxially and sequentially connected and lead to the other end of the center from one end of the center, a blocking surface is arranged between the second cavity and the third cavity and is configured to block a nut of a screw from entering the third cavity from the second cavity,

the inner wall of base is equipped with first screw hole, and first screw hole cooperatees with the external screw thread of screw.

The screw is penetrated by the end part of the tip during assembly, and extends out of the third cavity to be screwed into the first threaded hole of the base through the threads, so that the tip and the base are assembled, and the screw is simple and convenient to detach and install.

In some embodiments, the screw is provided with a through hole, the other end of the first threaded hole is provided with a cooling water interface, and the second cavity is communicated with the cooling water interface through the through hole. The cooling water pipe has the beneficial effects that the cooling water pipe can be connected to supply cooling water, and the cooling water flows in from the cooling water interface and flows through the through hole and the second cavity to dissipate heat.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a female tip structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is an end view of the female tip structure of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view A-A of an end face of the female tip structure of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a weld of the female tip structure of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a female tip structure according to another embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 6 is an end view of the female tip structure of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view B-B of an end face of the female tip structure of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a tip of the female tip structure of FIG. 5;

FIG. 9 is an end view of the tip of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view C-C of the end face of the tip shown in FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a screw of the female tip structure of FIG. 5;

FIG. 12 is an end view of the screw of FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 is a D-D section view of the end face of the screw of FIG. 12;

fig. 14 is a schematic view of a concave center structure according to a third embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 15 is an end view of the female tip structure of FIG. 14;

fig. 16 is an E-E cross-sectional view of an end face of the female tip structure of fig. 15.

Detailed Description

The utility model is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

Fig. 1-4 schematically show a female tip structure according to an embodiment of the utility model. As shown in the figure, the device comprises a center 1 and a base 2, wherein the center 1 is fixed at one end of the base 2 and is welded through a V-shaped opening 3. The welding area of the center 1 and the base 2 is increased due to the welding design of the V-shaped opening 3, so that the firmness of the device is greatly enhanced. In order to increase the wear resistance of the structure of the center 1, the center 1 is made of hard alloy material, the surface is coated, and the base 2 is made of quenched steel or high-speed steel material

Wherein, the base 2 is a Morse taper shank, and is corresponding to various models so as to be convenient for installing the device in various lathes.

The tip 1 is provided with a first recess 10 at its end, the first recess 10 comprising a first cavity 11 and a second cavity 12 coaxially connected. The first cavity 11 is surrounded by the first conical surface 101, and the angle of the first conical surface 101 can be designed according to the requirement of the workpiece to be processed, so that the first conical surface 101 is matched with the workpiece to be processed. The inner diameter of the first cavity 11 gradually decreases from the end of the tip 1 to the inside, and the intersection point of the first tapered surface 101 after extending in the taper angle direction falls into the second cavity 12.

The included angle α of the first tapered surface 101 is 50 ° to 150 °.

The angle α of the first conical surface 101 is preferably 60 ° to 140 °.

The angle α of the first conical surface 101 is preferably 60 ° to 90 °.

The tip 1 of the utility model is provided with the first groove 10, in particular the first conical surface 101, and the intersection point of the first conical surface 101 falls into the second cavity 12 after extending towards the cone angle direction, so that when the part to be processed is propped in the tip 1, if the tip of the part to be processed is longer, the tip of the part to be processed can extend into the second cavity 12, thereby meeting the requirements of the terminal convex parts of different parts to be processed, and greatly improving the use flexibility of the tip 1 structure.

Example two

Fig. 5-13 schematically show a female tip structure according to another embodiment of the utility model. As shown in the figure, the device is different from the first embodiment in that the center 1 and the base 2 in the device are detachably connected, so that the center 1 with different specifications can be quickly switched in the processing process to meet the processing requirements of workpieces with different requirements. Specifically, the base 2 is provided with a second groove 20 surrounded by a fourth conical surface 201, and the outer wall of the center 1 is provided with a third conical surface 103 matched with the fourth conical surface 201, so that the center 1 can be mounted in the second groove 20 of the base 2. In order to reduce the wear of the center 1 and prolong the service life of the center, a certain distance is reserved between the center 1 and the base 2, and the center 1 and the base 2 are contacted and matched with the fourth conical surface 201 only through the third conical surface 103.

In order to be capable of rapidly installing and detaching the center 1 and guaranteeing the stability and firmness of a workpiece in the machining process, the center 1 is connected with the base 2 through the screws 4. The inside of the center 1 is also provided with a third cavity 13, and the first cavity 11, the second cavity 12 and the third cavity 13 are coaxially and sequentially connected and lead to the other end of the center 1 from one end of the center 1; a blocking surface, namely a second conical surface 102, is arranged between the second cavity 12 and the third cavity 13 and is configured to block the screw cap 41 of the screw 4 from entering the third cavity 13 from the second cavity 12; the inner wall of the base 2 is provided with a first threaded hole 24, the first threaded hole 24 being fitted with an external thread 42 of the screw 4.

When the device is assembled, the screw 4 penetrates through the end part of the center 1, extends out of the third cavity 13 and is screwed into the first threaded hole 24 of the base 2 through the external thread 42, so that the center 1 and the base 2 are assembled, and the device is simple and convenient to detach and install; in addition, the detachable connection mode of the center 1 and the base 2 can also be used for quickly replacing damaged center 1 blocks.

The high-precision low-rotation-speed center 1 has low heat dissipation requirement because of low heat generation.

For grinding at high rotational speeds, a great deal of heat is generated during the structural support of the workpiece by the tip 1. In order to facilitate heat dissipation and prolong the service life of the center 1, the center 1 is provided with a cooling groove 14, and the cooling groove 14 extends from the outer surface of the center 1 to the second cavity 12 through the first conical surface 101. The heat is transferred from the second cavity 12 to the outside of the center 1 through the cooling grooves 14 of the first conical surface 101 for dissipation, so that the temperature is reduced, and the number of the two cooling grooves 14 is two, and the two cooling grooves 14 are symmetrically distributed, so that the heat dissipation is uniform.

In order to further improve the heat dissipation effect, the screw 4 is provided with a through hole 43, the other end of the first threaded hole 24 is provided with a cooling water interface, and the second cavity 12 is communicated with the cooling water interface through the through hole 43. The cooling water interface is a second threaded hole 25, and can be connected with a cooling water pipe to supply cooling water, the cooling water flows in from the second threaded hole 25, flows through the through hole 43 and the second cavity 12, and then flows out along the cooling groove 14 to dissipate heat, and the cooling water has larger specific heat capacity and can absorb a large amount of heat, so that the heat dissipation effect is greatly improved.

In order to prevent the device of the utility model from interfering with a workpiece during processing, one end of the base 2 is provided with a round part 21, one end of the round part 21 extends out of the base 2 body to form a boss 22, the boss 22 is provided with a fifth conical surface 202, the center 1 is arranged at the end part of the boss 22, and the center 1, the boss 22 and the round part 21 are on the same central axis. By the cooperation of the round part 21, the boss 22 and the fifth conical surface 202, the center 1 is ensured to be always at the highest point, so that the center is prevented from being mutually dry with a workpiece.

Example III

Fig. 14-16 schematically show a female tip structure according to a third embodiment of the utility model. As shown in the figure, the device is different from the second embodiment in that the base 2 is in a turning tool rod shape, that is, one end of the base 2 is a square part 23, and the device of the utility model can be installed on other lathes and other devices like turning tools through the square part 23; the other end of the base 2 is a circular portion 21, which prevents interference with the workpiece.

What has been described above is merely some embodiments of the present utility model. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit of the utility model.

Claims

1. The concave center structure comprises a center (1) and a base (2), wherein the center (1) is fixed at one end of the base (2),

the end part of the center (1) is provided with a first groove (10), the first groove (10) comprises a first cavity (11) and a second cavity (12) which are coaxially connected, the first cavity (11) is surrounded by a first conical surface (101), the inner diameter of the first cavity (11) gradually decreases from the end part of the center (1) to the inside, and the intersection point of the first conical surface (101) is located in the second cavity (12) after the first conical surface (101) extends towards the cone angle direction;

a cooling groove (14) is formed in the center (1), and the cooling groove (14) extends from the outer surface of the center (1) to the second cavity (12) through the first conical surface (101);

one end of the base (2) is provided with a round part (21), one end of the round part (21) extends out of the body of the base (2) to form a boss (22), the center (1) is arranged at the end part of the boss (22), and the center (1), the boss (22) and the round part (21) are arranged on the same central shaft;

the center (1) is connected with the base (2) through a screw (4),

the novel screw driver is characterized in that a third cavity (13) is further arranged in the center (1), the first cavity (11), the second cavity (12) and the third cavity (13) are coaxially and sequentially connected, one end of the center (1) is led to the other end of the center (1), a blocking surface is arranged between the second cavity (12) and the third cavity (13), and the blocking surface is configured to block a nut (41) of the screw (4) from entering the third cavity (13) from the second cavity (12);

the inner wall of the base (2) is provided with a first threaded hole (24), and the first threaded hole (24) is matched with an external thread (42) of the screw (4); the screw (4) can penetrate through the end part of the center (1) and extend out of the third cavity (13), so that the center (1) is assembled with the base (2);

the screw (4) is provided with a through hole (43), the other end of the first threaded hole (24) is provided with a cooling water interface, and the second cavity (12) is communicated with the cooling water interface through the through hole (43).

2. The female tip structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle α of the first conical surface (101) is 50 ° to 150 °.

3. The female tip structure according to claim 2, characterized in that the angle α of the first conical surface (101) is 60 ° to 140 °.

4. A female tip structure as claimed in claim 3, wherein the included angle α of the first conical surface (101) is 60 ° to 90 °.