CN107328354B - A kind of phase type Electronic tape measure and its measurement of length method - Google Patents
A kind of phase type Electronic tape measure and its measurement of length method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107328354B CN107328354B CN201610279566.1A CN201610279566A CN107328354B CN 107328354 B CN107328354 B CN 107328354B CN 201610279566 A CN201610279566 A CN 201610279566A CN 107328354 B CN107328354 B CN 107328354B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
Abstract
Present invention discloses a kind of phase type Electronic tape measures, including phaselocked loop, frequency mixer, microprocessor, tape measure, elastic line and sampling unit, generate main vibration signal and local oscillation signal two-way high-frequency signal using phaselocked loop；After frequency mixer directly mixes main vibration signal and local oscillation signal, exports after a low frequency signal mixes the main vibration signal for being connected on ruler item and flowing through from ruler item with local oscillation signal to sampling unit and/or frequency mixer and export a low frequency signal to sampling unit；The corresponding phase value of each is calculated according to the two low frequency signals using unit；Microprocessor is poor according to two phase values are made, and the required ruler length measured is calculated using formula.Present invention further teaches a kind of phase type Electronic tape measure measurement of length methods.The present invention digitizes conventional tape measure, can precisely, be read out rapidly tape measure pull out ruler item length, improve work efficiency；In addition, in conjunction with software, the also complicated measurement work of achievable such as area.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of measurement tape measures, more particularly, to a kind of phase type Electronic tape measure and its measurement of length side
Method.
Background technique
Tape measure is indispensable dimensional measuring instrument in people's routine work and life, it is because of compact, user
Just, it can be carried around and quite liked by people.Conventional tape measure, only in the surface printing scale of ruler item, structure such as Fig. 1 institute
Show.In use, needing artificial reading numerical values, such error will be very big, when needing the complex datas such as reference area or volume
Error will be bigger.Therefore, this common measurement tape measure is not only inconvenient to read, calculate, and also reduces working efficiency.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of existing technologies, the survey of a kind of phase type Electronic tape measure and its length is provided
Amount method the time flowed through in ruler item by detecting electric current, carrys out the length of slide ruler item using ranging phase method principle.
To achieve the above object, the following technical solutions are proposed: a kind of phase type Electronic tape measure, including micro process by the present invention
Device, phaselocked loop, frequency mixer, tape measure, elastic line and sampling unit, the tape measure is interior to have ruler item, and the ruler item is a metal
Conductor, and a wherein surface for the ruler item is equipped with insulating layer, wherein
The phaselocked loop is connected with microprocessor, exports two-way high-frequency signal under control of the microprocessor, is all the way height
Frequently main vibration signal, another way are high-frequency local oscillation signal；
The frequency mixer is connected with sampling unit, for exporting one after directly mixing the main vibration signal and local oscillation signal
First low frequency signal is sent into the sampling unit, and/or the main vibration signal that will be connected on ruler item and export after ruler item is upper
One second low frequency signal is exported after mixing with local oscillation signal is sent into the sampling unit；
The elasticity line connects ruler item, and the main vibration signal for that will flow through ruler item exports；
The sampling unit is connected with microprocessor, obtains its corresponding first phase value according to first low frequency signal
It exports to microprocessor, and its corresponding second phase value is obtained according to second low frequency signal and is exported to microprocessor；
The phase difference value of the two is calculated according to the first phase value and second phase value in the microprocessor, and
The ruler length measured needed for being calculated by the phase difference value, wherein first low frequency signal and the second low frequency signal
Frequency be equal to it is main vibration signal and local oscillation signal frequency difference.
Preferably, the frequency mixer includes the first frequency mixer and the second frequency mixer, wherein
The first frequency mixer connection phaselocked loop and sampling unit, main vibration signal and local oscillator letter for exporting phaselocked loop
Number mixing, export first low frequency signal to sampling unit；
The input terminal of second frequency mixer is connected with phaselocked loop, elastic line, and output end is connected with sampling unit, is used for
The main vibration signal for flowing through ruler item that elastic line is exported is mixed with the local oscillation signal that phaselocked loop exports, and exports second low frequency
Signal is to sampling unit.
Preferably, the sampling unit includes the first sampling unit and the second sampling unit, wherein
First sampling unit connects the first frequency mixer and microprocessor, for will be obtained by the first low frequency signal
One phase value is exported to microprocessor；
Second sampling unit connects the second frequency mixer and microprocessor, for will be obtained by the second low frequency signal
Two-phase place value is exported to microprocessor.
Preferably, the phase type Electronic tape measure further includes combining switch, wherein
The input terminal of the combining switch is connected with phaselocked loop and microprocessor, and output end is connected with ruler item and frequency mixer,
For main vibration signal to be directly accessed frequency mixer under control of the microprocessor, or main vibration signal is connect into ruler item；
The input terminal of the frequency mixer is connected with elastic line, combining switch and phaselocked loop, output end and sampling unit
It is connected, output one first low frequency letter after the local oscillation signal mixing that the main vibration signal and phaselocked loop for that will be combined switch output export
Number sampling unit is given, or output one the after the local oscillation signal mixing for main vibration signal and the phaselocked loop output that elastic line is exported
Two low frequency signals are to sampling unit.
Preferably, the microprocessor passes through formula D=(θ * C)/(2 Ω * f1) be calculated needed for measure ruler item it is long
It spends, in formula, D is ruler length, and θ is phase difference value, and C is the light velocity, and Ω is pi, f1Based on shake signal frequency.
Preferably, the main vibration signal connects ruler end, while the elastic line connects on the ruler item in tape measure exit.
The present invention also provides another technical solutions: a kind of phase type Electronic tape measure measurement of length method, described
Electronic tape measure includes microprocessor, phaselocked loop, frequency mixer, tape measure, elastic line and sampling unit, has ruler in the tape measure
Item, the ruler item be a metallic conductor, and a wherein surface for the ruler item be equipped with insulating layer, the measurement method include with
Lower step:
The microprocessor control phaselocked loop exports two-way high-frequency signal, is all the way the main vibration signal of high frequency, and another way is height
Frequency local oscillation signal；
After the frequency mixer directly mixes the main vibration signal and local oscillation signal, one first low frequency signal is exported to described
After sampling unit and/or the frequency mixer mix the main vibration signal for being connected on ruler item and flowing through from ruler item with local oscillation signal
One second low frequency signal is exported to the sampling unit；
The sampling unit obtains its corresponding first phase value according to first low frequency signal and exports to microprocessor,
And its corresponding second phase value is obtained according to second low frequency signal and is exported to microprocessor；
The phase difference value of the two is calculated according to the first phase value and second phase value in the microprocessor, and
The ruler length measured needed for being calculated by the phase difference value, wherein first low frequency signal and the second low frequency signal
Frequency be equal to it is main vibration signal and local oscillation signal frequency difference.
Preferably, the microprocessor passes through formula D=(θ * C)/(2 Ω * f1) be calculated needed for measure ruler item it is long
It spends, in formula, D is ruler length, and θ is phase difference value, and C is the light velocity, and Ω is pi, f1Based on shake signal frequency.
Preferably, the sampling unit carries out fast Fourier change to the first low frequency signal and the second low frequency signal respectively
It changes, calculates corresponding phase value.
The present invention utilizes phase shift rangefinder principle, by conventional tape measure and phaselocked loop, frequency mixer, using unit, microprocessor
Structure combines, and generates two-way high-frequency signal using phaselocked loop, using 1 or 2 frequency mixers, directly mixes two-way high-frequency signal,
And/or it by a certain measurement position of the access ruler item of high-frequency signal all the way, is mixed again with another way high-frequency signal after flowing through the output of ruler item
It closes, exports two-way mixed frequency signal；This two-way mixed frequency signal is sampled respectively and is calculated corresponding using sampling unit
Phase value finally makees ruler that is poor, and measuring needed for being calculated by corresponding formula using microprocessor to two phase values
Length.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention digitizes conventional tape measure, can precisely, tape measure pull-out is read out rapidly
The length of ruler item, it is more accurate, more more convenient than manually reading, and compare other electronic surveying mode (such as optocoupler modes, gear manner
Deng), precision is higher, improves work efficiency；In addition, present invention combination software, also achievable such as area, volume, circumference, history
Certain complicated measurement work such as data record.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of conventional tape measure；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of 1 phase type Electronic tape measure of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of 2 phase type Electronic tape measure of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram that the combining switch of the embodiment of the present invention 2 is directly accessed frequency mixer；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the combining switch access ruler item of the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Fig. 6 is the flow diagram of phase type Electronic tape measure measurement of length method of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing of the invention, clear, complete description is carried out to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention.
A kind of disclosed phase type Electronic tape measure and its measurement of length method keep tradition machinery tape measure digital
Change, using phase shift rangefinder principle, electric current is extrapolated in ruler item from the phase difference of the two according to the signal of two-way ranging
The time flowed through to obtain the length of ruler item, and then completes such as some complexity of area, volume, circumference, historgraphic data recording
Measurement work.
Come the structure and working principle of the present invention is described in detail phase type Electronic tape measure with two specific embodiments below.
As shown in Fig. 2, a kind of revealed phase type Electronic tape measure of the embodiment of the present invention 1, including microprocessor (MCU),
Phaselocked loop, the first frequency mixer, the second frequency mixer, the first sampling unit (ADC1), the second sampling unit (ADC2), tape measure and metal
Probe, phaselocked loop are connected with microprocessor, under control of the microprocessor, export two-way high-frequency signal, are all the way the main vibration of high frequency
Signal f1, another way is high-frequency local oscillation signal f2。
Wherein, main vibration signal f all the way1Directly with local oscillation signal f2Mixing, and export after sampled, phase calculation to micro- place
Manage device processing.Specifically, the input terminal of the first frequency mixer is connected with the output end of phaselocked loop, for mixing the master of phaselocked loop output
Shake signal f1With local oscillation signal f2Two-way high-frequency signal, the low frequency signal f that output one can be sampled by the first sampling unitadc1,
Signal fadc1Frequency=f1-f2.The input terminal of first sampling unit is connected with the output end of the first frequency mixer, output end with
Microprocessor is connected, and the first sampling unit samples above-mentioned low frequency signal fadc1Afterwards, to low frequency signal fadc1Carry out fast Fourier change
It changes, the phase value θ of the signal is calculatedadc1, and by phase value θadc1It exports to microprocessor processes.
The main vibration signal f of another way1Exported after then flowing through the ruler item in tape measure, then with local oscillation signal f2Through sampling, phase after mixing
Position calculates output to microprocessor processes.Specifically, the vibration signal f main all the way of phaselocked loop output1The end of ruler item in tape measure is connect,
Main vibration signal f1It is flowed through from the end of ruler item to ruler head end direction.Metal probe is mounted on tape measure exit, and in tape measure
Ruler item be in the state of Elastic Contact always, for connecting ruler item and the second frequency mixer, main vibration signal f1Flow through after ruler item from
Tape measure outlet output, is transferred to the second frequency mixer by metal probe, here, from the main vibration signal f of tape measure outlet output1,
The main vibration signal f of frequency and phaselocked loop output1Frequency is identical, phase is then different.The output termination metal of second frequency mixer is visited
Needle and phaselocked loop, for mixing the main vibration signal f for flowing through ruler item1With local oscillation signal f2Two-way high-frequency signal, output one can be by
The low frequency signal f of second sampling unit samplingadc2, signal fadc2Frequency=f1-f2.The input terminal of second sampling unit and
The output end of two frequency mixers is connected, and output end is connected with microprocessor, and the second sampling unit samples above-mentioned low frequency signal fadc2
Afterwards, to low frequency signal fadc2Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is carried out, the phase value θ of the signal is calculatedadc2, and by the phase value
θadc2It exports to microprocessor processes.It is well known that the transmission speed of electric energy is 30 Wan Gongli per second in plain conductor,
It is same with the light velocity.
Microprocessor is according to phase value θadc1And θadc2, the phase difference value θ=θ of the two is calculatedadc1-θadc2, and according to
Phase difference value θ, using formula D=(θ * C)/(2 Ω * f1), the ruler length measured needed for being calculated, in formula, D is ruler
Length, θ is phase difference value, and C is the light velocity, and Ω is pi, f1Based on shake signal frequency.
In conjunction with shown in Fig. 3~Fig. 5, a kind of revealed phase type Electronic tape measure of the embodiment of the present invention 2, including micro process
It is mixed using two in device, phaselocked loop, combining switch, frequency mixer, sampling unit (ADC), tape measure and metal probe, with embodiment 1
Frequency device, the structure of two sampling units are different, and embodiment 2 is using a combining switch, the main vibration signal that phaselocked loop is initially exported
f1With flow through the main vibration signal f after ruler item1Switching output is to frequency mixer.
Specifically, phaselocked loop is connected with microprocessor, under control of the microprocessor, exports two-way high-frequency signal, all the way
For the main vibration signal f of high frequency1, another way is high-frequency local oscillation signal f2。
Wherein, main vibration signal f1Access combining switch, local oscillation signal f2Access frequency mixer.Firstly, in conjunction with Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 institute
Show, combining is switched main vibration signal f1It is directly output to frequency mixer, makes main vibration signal f1With local oscillation signal f2Mixing, and sampled,
Output is to microprocessor processes after phase calculation.Specifically, the output end of the input terminal of frequency mixer and phaselocked loop, combining switch
Output end is connected, for mixing the main vibration signal f of phaselocked loop output1With local oscillation signal f2Two-way high-frequency signal, output one can be with
The low frequency signal f sampled by sampling unitadc1, signal fadc1Frequency=f1-f2.The input terminal of sampling unit and frequency mixer
Output end is connected, and output end is connected with microprocessor, and sampling unit samples above-mentioned low frequency signal fadc1Afterwards, to low frequency signal
fadc1Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is carried out, the phase value θ of the signal is calculatedadc1, and by phase value θadc1It exports to micro process
Device processing.
Secondly, combining is switched main vibration signal f1Meet the end of ruler item in tape measure, main vibration signal f1From the end of ruler item to ruler
Head end direction is flowed through.Metal probe is mounted on tape measure exit, and is in the shape of Elastic Contact always with the ruler item in tape measure
State, for connecting ruler item and frequency mixer, main vibration signal f1It exports after flowing through ruler item from tape measure outlet, is transferred to by metal probe
Frequency mixer, here, from the main vibration signal f of tape measure outlet output1, the main vibration signal f of frequency and phaselocked loop output1Frequency phase
Together, phase is then different.The output termination metal probe and phaselocked loop of frequency mixer, for mixing the main vibration signal f for flowing through ruler item1With
Local oscillation signal f2Two-way high-frequency signal, the low frequency signal f that output one can be sampled by sampling unitadc2, signal fadc2Frequency
=f1-f2.The input terminal of sampling unit is connected with the output end of frequency mixer, and the output end of sampling unit is connected with microprocessor, adopts
The above-mentioned low frequency signal f of sample unit samplingadc2Afterwards, to low frequency signal fadc2Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is carried out, the signal is calculated
Phase value θadc2, and by phase value θadc2It exports to microprocessor processes.
Microprocessor is according to phase value θadc1And θadc2, the phase difference value θ=θ of the two is calculatedadc1-θadc2, and according to
Phase difference value θ, using formula D=(θ * C)/(2 Ω * f1), the ruler length measured needed for being calculated, in formula, D is ruler
Length, θ is phase difference value, and C is the light velocity, and Ω is pi, f1Based on shake signal frequency.
It should be noted that in embodiment 1 and embodiment 2, the main vibration signal f of phaselocked loop output1It is not limited to connect in tape measure
The end of ruler item, can according to need, and be linked at the distance and position that ruler item needs to measure, and such as works as and pulls out ruler item from tape measure
Afterwards, phaselocked loop can be exported to the end for the ruler item that termination is drawn out outside tape measure, metal probe connects the ruler item being drawn out outside tape measure
Head end can detect the pull-out length of ruler item in this way.In addition, the metal probe of foregoing description is the upper general of elastic line
It reads, i.e., other can realize that the flexible connector for exporting the signal for flowing through ruler item to frequency mixer is applied equally to the present invention.
In addition, the ruler item in the present invention is metallic conductor, and a wherein surface for ruler item is equipped with insulating layer, i.e. ruler item one
Face is metal covering, and another side is insulating surfaces.
As shown in fig. 6, a kind of phase type measurement method of disclosed Electronic tape measure length, including following step
It is rapid:
Step 1, microprocessor control phaselocked loop exports two-way high-frequency signal, is all the way the main vibration signal f of high frequency1, another way
For high-frequency local oscillation signal f2。
Step 2, by main vibration signal f1With local oscillation signal f2After directly mixing, a low frequency signal f is exportedadc1To sampling unit,
And/or the main vibration signal f that will be connected on ruler item and be flowed through from ruler item1With local oscillation signal f2A low frequency signal is exported after mixing
fadc2To sampling unit.
Step 3, sampling unit is according to low frequency signal fadc1Obtain its corresponding phase value θadc1It exports to microprocessor, and
According to low frequency signal fadc2Obtain its corresponding phase value θadc2It exports to microprocessor.
Specifically, sampling unit is to low frequency signal fadc1With low frequency signal fadc2Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is carried out respectively, is calculated
Corresponding phase value out.
Step 4, microprocessor is according to phase value θadc1And θadc2, the phase difference value θ=θ of the two is calculatedadc1-θadc2,
And the ruler length measured needed for being calculated by phase difference value θ, wherein low frequency signal fadc1With low frequency signal fadc2Frequency
It is equal to f1-f2。
Specifically, microprocessor passes through formula D=(θ * C)/(2 Ω * f1) the required ruler length measured is calculated, it is public
In formula, D is ruler length, and θ is phase difference value, and C is the light velocity, and Ω is pi, f1Based on shake signal frequency.
Technology contents and technical characteristic of the invention have revealed that as above, however those skilled in the art still may base
Make various replacements and modification without departing substantially from spirit of that invention, therefore, the scope of the present invention in teachings of the present invention and announcement
It should be not limited to the revealed content of embodiment, and should include various without departing substantially from replacement and modification of the invention, and be this patent Shen
Please claim covered.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of phase type Electronic tape measure, which is characterized in that including microprocessor, phaselocked loop, frequency mixer, tape measure, elastic line
And sampling unit, the tape measure is interior to have ruler item, and the ruler item is a metallic conductor, and is set on a wherein surface for the ruler item
There is insulating layer, wherein
The phaselocked loop is connected with microprocessor, exports two-way high-frequency signal under control of the microprocessor, is all the way high frequency master
Shake signal, and another way is high-frequency local oscillation signal；
The frequency mixer is connected with sampling unit, for exporting one first after directly mixing the main vibration signal and local oscillation signal
Low frequency signal is sent into the sampling unit, and/or by the main vibration signal for being connected on ruler item and exporting after ruler item is upper and originally
One second low frequency signal of output is sent into the sampling unit after the signal that shakes mixes；
The elasticity line connects ruler item, and the main vibration signal for that will flow through ruler item exports；
The sampling unit is connected with microprocessor, obtains its corresponding first phase value according to first low frequency signal and exports
To microprocessor, and its corresponding second phase value is obtained according to second low frequency signal and is exported to microprocessor；
The phase difference value of the two is calculated according to the first phase value and second phase value in the microprocessor, and by institute
State the ruler length measured needed for phase difference value is calculated, wherein the frequency of first low frequency signal and the second low frequency signal
Rate is equal to the difference of the frequency of main vibration signal and local oscillation signal.
2. phase type Electronic tape measure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the frequency mixer include the first frequency mixer and
Second frequency mixer, wherein
The first frequency mixer connection phaselocked loop and sampling unit, main vibration signal and local oscillation signal for exporting phaselocked loop mix
It closes, exports first low frequency signal to sampling unit；
The input terminal of second frequency mixer is connected with phaselocked loop, elastic line, and output end is connected with sampling unit, is used for bullet
Property line output the main vibration signal for flowing through ruler item mixed with the local oscillation signal that phaselocked loop exports, output second low frequency signal
To sampling unit.
3. phase type Electronic tape measure according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the sampling unit includes that the first sampling is single
Member and the second sampling unit, wherein
First sampling unit connects the first frequency mixer and microprocessor, the first phase for will be obtained by the first low frequency signal
Place value is exported to microprocessor；
Second sampling unit connects the second frequency mixer and microprocessor, the second phase for will be obtained by the second low frequency signal
Place value is exported to microprocessor.
4. phase type Electronic tape measure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the phase type Electronic tape measure further includes closing
Way switch, wherein
The input terminal of the combining switch is connected with phaselocked loop and microprocessor, and output end is connected with ruler item and frequency mixer, is used for
Main vibration signal is directly accessed frequency mixer under control of the microprocessor, or main vibration signal is connect into ruler item.
5. phase type Electronic tape measure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the microprocessor passes through formula D=(θ *
C)/(2Ω*f1) be calculated needed for the ruler length that measures, in formula, D is ruler length, and θ is phase difference value, and C is the light velocity,
Ω is pi, f1Based on shake signal frequency.
6. phase type Electronic tape measure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the main vibration signal connects ruler end, together
Shi Suoshu elasticity line connects on the ruler item in tape measure exit.
7. a kind of phase type Electronic tape measure measurement of length method, which is characterized in that the Electronic tape measure includes microprocessor, lock
Xiang Huan, frequency mixer, tape measure, elastic line and sampling unit, the tape measure is interior to have ruler item, and the ruler item is a metallic conductor,
And a wherein surface for the ruler item be equipped with insulating layer, the measurement method the following steps are included:
The microprocessor control phaselocked loop exports two-way high-frequency signal, is all the way the main vibration signal of high frequency, and another way is high frequency sheet
Shake signal；
After the frequency mixer directly mixes the main vibration signal and local oscillation signal, one first low frequency signal is exported to the sampling
Unit and/or the frequency mixer export after mixing the main vibration signal for being connected on ruler item and flowing through from ruler item with local oscillation signal
One second low frequency signal gives the sampling unit；
The sampling unit obtains its corresponding first phase value according to first low frequency signal and exports to microprocessor and root
Its corresponding second phase value is obtained according to second low frequency signal to export to microprocessor；
The phase difference value of the two is calculated according to the first phase value and second phase value in the microprocessor, and by institute
State the ruler length measured needed for phase difference value is calculated, wherein the frequency of first low frequency signal and the second low frequency signal
Rate is equal to the difference of the frequency of main vibration signal and local oscillation signal.
8. phase type Electronic tape measure measurement of length method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the microprocessor
Pass through formula D=(θ * C)/(2 Ω * f1) be calculated needed for the ruler length that measures, in formula, D is ruler length, and θ is phase
Potential difference value, C are the light velocity, and Ω is pi, f1Based on shake signal frequency.
9. phase type Electronic tape measure measurement of length method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the sampling unit
Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is carried out to the first low frequency signal and the second low frequency signal respectively, calculates corresponding phase value.
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| US4150282A (en) * | 1976-10-28 | 1979-04-17 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Detector for bidirectional movement of an extensible member in an electronic digital scale |
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