CN107325841B

CN107325841B - Tar gasification circulating device and gasification system

Info

Publication number: CN107325841B
Application number: CN201710761947.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李二平; 胡晴; 余志元; 陈浩云; 蔡金玲
Original assignee: HUNAN RESEARCH ACADEMY OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Current assignee: HUNAN RESEARCH ACADEMY OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Priority date: 2017-08-29
Filing date: 2017-08-29
Publication date: 2023-05-05
Anticipated expiration: 2037-08-29
Also published as: CN107325841A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of solid fuel gasification and gasification collection and utilization, and provides a tar gasification circulating device which comprises a separator, a tar gasification pipe and a filtering device, wherein the separator, the tar gasification pipe and the filtering device are connected with a gasification furnace. The tar gasification channel is provided with a first liquid inlet, a first liquid outlet communicated with a drying chamber of the gasification furnace and a second gas outlet communicated with the gasification chamber of the gasification furnace, and a first flue gas outlet arranged on the flue gas channel is connected with the filtering device. The tar produced by the gasifier can be recycled to the gasifier, so that the tar is repeatedly cracked. The separator is provided with a first air inlet, a first air outlet and a first liquid outlet, wherein the first air inlet is used for being communicated with a drying chamber and a pyrolysis chamber which are arranged in the gasification furnace, the first air outlet is used for being connected with the gasification chamber which is arranged in the gasification furnace, and the first liquid outlet is communicated with the first liquid inlet. The separator filters and separates the mixed gas generated in the gasifier, removes the moisture in the mixed gas, and can improve the heat value of the fuel gas.

Description

Tar gasification circulating device and gasification system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of solid fuel gasification and gasification collection and utilization, in particular to an tar gasification circulating device and a gasification system.

Background

The garbage is solid waste generated in daily life of human beings, and has the advantages of large discharge amount, complex and various components, pollution and proper treatment, and if the garbage is not, the environment is polluted, the environmental sanitation is affected and the resource is wasted. The treatment of garbage is to make garbage harmless, and the most widespread treatment methods in the society today are landfill and incineration. The landfill effect is slow, the land occupation is wide, and secondary pollution is easy to be wound on underground water; incinerator and gasifier can effectively reduce garbage, but the air pollution caused by incineration and gasification of garbage is a big problem. At present, the problems of incomplete garbage treatment, incomplete combustion, substandard smoke dust emission and the like cause serious pollution to the atmosphere and the environment because the technology of the incinerator and the gasifier is not closed.

At present, mixed gas generated by pyrolysis and combustion in a gasification furnace contains a pollutant, namely tar. The problems of tar are associated with the treatment of waste tail gases, whether for power generation, gas supply or pyrolysis. Tar can clog the contaminated equipment, causing environmental pollution. Tar is a black or black brown thick liquid, has certain solubility and special odor, is flammable and corrosive, can pollute the environment and threaten the health of human bodies. The method for solving the tar problem is to crack the tar into permanent gas. The existing tar treatment method is widely applied to wet method and dry method. The wet method can be divided into a spraying method and a bubbling method, wherein tar in biomass gas is taken away by water, liquid mist is easy to be entrained in a tar removing process by a water washing method, equipment and liquid recovery and circulation devices are huge, and secondary pollution is also caused; the dry method is to separate tar in solid fuel gasification by using an adsorbent and then to carry out secondary combustion and other gas treatments, and the secondary pollution of water is avoided, but the filter medium is required to be replaced frequently and cannot work continuously, so that the labor intensity and the workload are increased, and the tar removal technology becomes the bottleneck of the development of the solid combustion gasification technology.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a tar gasification circulating device which can fully gasify tar, perfect the defect of tar product disposal of the existing gasifier technology and avoid environmental pollution.

The invention also aims to provide a gasification system which comprises the tar gasification circulating device and the gasification furnace, and can repeatedly crack tar generated in the gasification process, reduce the discharge of the tar and increase the output of fuel gas.

Embodiments of the present invention are implemented as follows:

the invention provides a tar gasification circulating device which comprises a separator, a tar gasification pipe and a filtering device, wherein the separator is used for being connected with a gasification furnace, and the tar gasification pipe is used for gasifying tar generated by the gasification furnace. The tar gasification pipe is provided with a flue gas channel and a tar gasification channel which carries out pipe wall type heat exchange with the flue gas channel, the tar gasification channel is provided with a first liquid inlet, a first liquid outlet which is communicated with a drying chamber of the gasification furnace and a second gas outlet which is communicated with the gasification chamber of the gasification furnace, and the first flue gas outlet which is arranged on the flue gas channel is connected with a filtering device. The separator is provided with a first air inlet, a first air outlet and a first liquid outlet, wherein the first air inlet is used for being communicated with a drying chamber and a pyrolysis chamber which are arranged in the gasification furnace, the first air outlet is used for being connected with the gasification chamber which is arranged in the gasification furnace, and the first liquid outlet is communicated with the first liquid inlet.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the separator has a columnar structure, and the separator is provided with a gas-liquid separation device, and the first liquid outlet is disposed on an outer wall of the separator and is communicated with the gas-liquid separation device.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the separator is provided with a first tar pump and a return pipe, the first liquid outlet is communicated with the first liquid inlet through the return pipe, and the first tar pump is arranged on the return pipe.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tar gasification pipe is provided with a second tar pump and a tar pipeline, the first liquid outlet is communicated with the drying chamber through the tar pipeline, and the second tar pump is arranged on the tar pipeline.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flue gas channel is provided with a first flue gas inlet for communicating with the gasification chamber.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the filtering device includes a cooler, a dust remover, an adsorber, a filter and a flue gas pipe connected in sequence. The cooler, the dust remover, the absorber and the filter are all communicated through a flue gas pipeline.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cooler, the dust remover, the adsorber and the filter are columnar structures, and the outer wall of the cooler, the dust remover, the adsorber and the filter are provided with cooling interlayers.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cooler, the dust remover and the adsorber are each provided with a gas-liquid separator and a storage tank, and the plurality of storage tanks are each communicated with the gas-liquid separator.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the filtering device is provided with a return pipe, and the outlets of the cooler, the dust remover and the adsorber are all communicated with the first liquid inlet through the return pipe.

A gasification system comprises a gasification furnace and the tar gasification circulating device, wherein the gasification furnace is connected with the tar gasification circulating device.

The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention provides a tar gasification circulating device which comprises a separator, a tar gasification pipe and a filtering device, wherein the separator is used for being connected with a gasification furnace, and the tar gasification pipe is used for gasifying tar generated by the gasification furnace. The tar gasification pipe is provided with a flue gas channel and a tar gasification channel which performs pipe wall type heat exchange with the flue gas channel, and the energy of tar gasification is derived from high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion of the gasifier, so that additional energy consumption is not needed. The tar gasification channel is provided with a first liquid inlet, a first liquid outlet communicated with a drying chamber of the gasification furnace and a second gas outlet communicated with the gasification chamber of the gasification furnace, and a first flue gas outlet arranged on the flue gas channel is connected with the filtering device. Tar produced in other processes can be recycled and gasified through tar gasification pipes, and tar which is not gasified in the processes can be recycled to the gasification furnace, so that tar is repeatedly cracked. The separator is provided with a first air inlet, a first air outlet and a first liquid outlet, wherein the first air inlet is used for being communicated with a drying chamber and a pyrolysis chamber which are arranged in the gasification furnace, the first air outlet is used for being connected with the gasification chamber which is arranged in the gasification furnace, and the first liquid outlet is communicated with the first liquid inlet. The separator enables mixed gas generated in the gasifier drying chamber and the pyrolysis chamber to carry out gas-water separation, removes water in the mixed gas, improves the heat value of fuel gas, and can also convey tar generated in the pyrolysis chamber into the tar gasification pipe for repeated gasification.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a tar gasification cycle device according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a gasifier according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a separator of an tar gasification circulating device according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an tar gasification pipe of a tar gasification circulating device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 10-separator; 15-a first tar pump; a 100-gasification system; 101-a first air inlet; 103-a first exhaust port; 105-a first drain; 20-gasifying furnace; 200-a feed inlet; 201-a second liquid inlet; 203-a second air inlet; 205-a second gas inlet; 207-a first gas outlet; 209-a second exhaust port; 211-a drying chamber; 213-pyrolysis chamber; 215-a gasification chamber; 30-tar gasification pipe; 35-a second tar pump; 300-an outer tube; 301-tar gasification channel; 303-a second gas outlet; 305-a first liquid inlet; 307-a first liquid outlet; 310-inner tube; 311-flue gas channel; 313-a first flue gas inlet; 315—a first flue gas outlet; 40-a filtering device; 400-material returning pipe; 401-a cooler; 411-dust collector; 421-adsorbers; 431-a filter; 441-induced draft fan; 50-a water tank; 55-water pump.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the invention, which are apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the invention. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the invention, which are apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, as well as the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through additional features therebetween. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

First embodiment

Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a tar gasification circulating apparatus, which includes a separator 10 connected to a gasifier 20, a tar gasification pipe 30 for gasifying tar generated by the gasifier 20, and a filtering device 40.

Further, referring to fig. 2, the gasification furnace 20 includes a drying chamber 211, a pyrolysis chamber 213, and a gasification chamber 215. The material enters the gasification furnace 20 from the feed port 200, and sequentially passes through the drying chamber 211, the pyrolysis chamber 213 and the gasification chamber 215, wherein an incompletely combusted mixed gas including tar and water vapor is generated in the drying chamber 211 and the pyrolysis chamber 213.

Further, referring to fig. 3, the tar gasification cycle device includes a separator 10. The separator 10 is mainly used for recycling gases, such as CO, methane, hydrogen, etc., which are generated in the drying chamber 211 and the pyrolysis chamber 213 and are not completely combusted. The separator 10 has a columnar structure, a first air inlet 101, a first air outlet 103 and a gas-liquid separation device are arranged in the separator 10, wherein the first air inlet 101 and the first air outlet 103 are arranged on the outer wall of the separator 10, and the gas-liquid separation device is arranged in the separator 10. Referring again to fig. 2, the second exhaust port 209 provided in the gasification furnace 20 communicates with the first inlet 101 through the gas pipe provided in the separator 10. Specifically, the mixed gas generated by the reaction in the drying chamber 211 and the pyrolysis chamber 213 is discharged from the second exhaust port 209 into the separator 10, and then is separated into gas and water by the gas-liquid separation device, which filters out excessive steam and tar, and the filtered mixed gas is transferred from the first exhaust port 103 to the second air inlet 203, and then reaches the gasification chamber 215 in the gasification furnace 20 for combustion gasification.

Further, referring to fig. 4, the tar gasification pipe 30 has a flue gas channel 311 and a tar gasification channel 301 for performing a pipe wall type heat exchange with the flue gas channel 311. The tar gasification tube 30 includes an inner tube 310 and an outer tube 300, the inner tube 310 is disposed in the outer tube 300, and a closed space is formed between the inner tube 310 and the outer tube 300. The flue gas channel 311 is an inner tube 310 channel, and the tar gasification channel 301 is a region between the inner tube 310 and the outer tube 300.

One end of the flue gas channel 311 is provided with a first flue gas inlet 313, and the first flue gas inlet 313 is communicated with the first gas outlet 207 of the gasification chamber 215; the flue gas channel 311 is provided with a first flue gas outlet 315 at an end remote from the first flue gas inlet 313, the first flue gas outlet 315 being connected with the filter device 40. The high-temperature flue gas reaches the first flue gas inlet 313 from the first gas outlet 207 through the gas pipeline, then reaches the flue gas channel 311, and the heat of the high-temperature flue gas is transmitted to the tar gasification channel 301 through the pipe wall of the inner pipe 310 to gasify tar in the tar gasification channel 301, so that the heat of the high-temperature flue gas is fully utilized, energy waste is not caused, and the environment is protected.

Further, the tar gasification channel 301 is further provided with a second gas outlet 303. The second gas outlet 303 communicates with the second gas inlet 205 through a gas pipe provided in the tar gasification pipe 30. Tar gasified in tar gasification pipe 30 is re-introduced into gasification chamber 215 through second gas outlet 303 for gasification combustion.

Further, the tar gasification channel 301 is further provided with a first liquid outlet 307, a second tar pump 35 and a tar pipe. The first liquid outlet 307 communicates with the second liquid inlet 201 via a tar conduit on which the second tar pump 35 is provided. Tar which is not gasified by the tar gasification pipe 30 enters the drying chamber 211 again through the first liquid outlet 307 and the tar pipeline for cyclic reaction, and is recycled, so that the cracking rate of the tar reaches the maximum value.

Further, tar gasification pipe 30 is also provided with a first liquid inlet 305. The first liquid inlet 305 communicates with the first liquid discharge port 105 provided in the separator 10 through a return pipe provided in the separator 10. Wherein the first liquid drain 105 is provided on the outer wall of the separator 10 and is connected to the gas-liquid separation device. The separator 10 is further provided with a first tar pump 15, the first tar pump 15 being provided on the return pipe. When the separator 10 performs gas-liquid separation of the mixed gas in the drying chamber 211 and the pyrolysis chamber 213, tar in the mixed gas is separated and conveyed to the tar gasification pipe 30 through the first liquid outlet 105, and gasified.

Further, the filtering device 40 includes a cooler 401, a dust remover 411, an adsorber 421, a filter 431 and a flue gas pipe connected in sequence, and are communicated with each other through the flue gas pipe.

Further, referring again to fig. 1, the filtering device 40 is further provided with a water tank 50, a water pump 55 and a water pipe. The cooler 401, the dust remover 411, the absorber 421 and the filter 431 are columnar structures, and cooling interlayers are arranged on the outer walls of the columnar structures. The water tank 50 is connected to each filter 40 through a water pipe, and the water pump 55 is provided on the water pipe.

Further, the cooler 401, the dust collector 411, the adsorber 421 and the filter 431 are each provided with a gas-liquid separator 10 and a storage tank, and the plurality of storage tanks are provided on the outer wall of each filter device 40 and are each in communication with the gas-liquid separator 10. The purpose of the reservoir is to collect excess filtered tar, although in other embodiments the reservoir may be omitted.

Further, the filtering device 40 is further provided with a return pipe 400, and the liquid outlets of the cooler 401, the dust remover 411, the adsorber 421 and the filter 431 are all communicated with the first liquid inlet 305 through the return pipe 400. The high-temperature flue gas is input to the filtering device 40 from the first flue gas outlet 315, is cooled, dedusted, adsorbed and filtered, and finally is discharged out of the system through the induced draft fan 441, so that the effect of clean exhaust of tail gas is achieved.

In summary, the present invention provides a tar gasification circulating device, which includes a separator 10 connected to a gasifier 20, a tar gasification pipe 30 for gasifying tar generated by the gasifier 20, and a filtering device 40. The tar gasification pipe 30 is provided with a flue gas channel 311 and a tar gasification channel 301 which performs pipe wall type heat exchange with the flue gas channel 311, and the energy of tar gasification is derived from high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion of the gasifier 20, so that additional energy consumption is not required. The tar gasification channel 301 is provided with a first liquid inlet 305, a first liquid outlet 307 for communication with the drying chamber 211 of the gasifier 20, and a second gas outlet 303 for communication with the gasification chamber 215 of the gasifier 20, and the flue gas channel 311 is provided with a first flue gas outlet 315 connected to the filter device 40. Tar produced in the filtering device 40 can be recycled to be gasified through the tar gasification pipe 30, and tar that has not been gasified in the tar gasification device can be recycled to the gasification furnace 20, so that tar is repeatedly cracked. The separator 10 is provided with a first air inlet 101, a first air outlet 103 and a first liquid outlet 105, wherein the first air inlet 101 is used for communicating with a drying chamber 211 and a pyrolysis chamber 213 which are arranged in the gasification furnace 20, the first air outlet 103 is used for connecting with a gasification chamber 215 which is arranged in the gasification furnace 20, and the first liquid outlet 105 is communicated with a first liquid inlet 305. The separator 10 separates the gas and water from the mixed gas generated in the drying chamber 211 and the pyrolysis chamber 213 of the gasification furnace 20, filters out excessive moisture, removes moisture from the mixed gas, can increase the heating value of the fuel gas, and the separator 10 can convey tar generated in the pyrolysis chamber 213 to the tar gasification pipe 30 for repeated gasification, thereby reducing pollution.

In addition, the invention also provides a gasification system 100, and the gasification system 100 comprises the gasification furnace 20 and the tar gasification circulating device, wherein the gasification furnace 20 is respectively connected with the separator 10 and the tar gasification pipe 30 of the tar gasification circulating device.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The tar gasification circulating device is characterized by comprising a separator, a tar gasification pipe and a filtering device, wherein the separator is used for being connected with a gasification furnace; the tar gasification pipe is provided with a flue gas channel and a tar gasification channel which performs pipe wall heat exchange with the flue gas channel, the tar gasification channel is provided with a first liquid inlet, a first liquid outlet which is communicated with a drying chamber of the gasifier and a second gas outlet which is communicated with a gasification chamber of the gasifier, the flue gas channel is provided with a first flue gas inlet which is communicated with the gasification chamber, and the first flue gas outlet which is arranged in the flue gas channel is connected with the filtering device; the separator is provided with a first air inlet, a first air outlet and a first liquid outlet, the first air inlet is used for being communicated with a drying chamber and a pyrolysis chamber which are arranged in the gasification furnace, the first air outlet is used for being communicated with the gasification chamber which is arranged in the gasification furnace, and the first liquid outlet is communicated with the first liquid inlet; the filtering device is also provided with a return pipe which is communicated with the first liquid inlet.

2. The tar gasification circulating device according to claim 1, wherein the separator has a columnar structure, a gas-liquid separation device is arranged in the separator, and the first liquid outlet is arranged on the outer wall of the separator and is communicated with the gas-liquid separation device.

3. The tar gasification cycle device according to claim 1, wherein the separator is provided with a first tar pump and a return pipe, the first liquid outlet communicates with the first liquid inlet through the return pipe, and the first tar pump is disposed on the return pipe.

4. The tar gasification circulating apparatus of claim 1, wherein the tar gasification pipe is provided with a second tar pump and a tar pipeline, the first liquid outlet is communicated with the drying chamber through the tar pipeline, and the second tar pump is disposed on the tar pipeline.

5. The tar gasification circulating device according to claim 1, wherein the filtering device comprises a cooler, a dust remover, an absorber, a filter and a flue gas pipeline which are sequentially connected, and the cooler, the dust remover, the absorber and the filter are all communicated through the flue gas pipeline.

6. The tar gasification cycle device according to claim 5, wherein the cooler, the dust remover, the adsorber, and the filter are columnar structures and the outer wall is provided with a cooling interlayer.

7. The tar gasification cycle device according to claim 5, wherein the cooler, the dust remover, and the adsorber are each provided with a gas-liquid separator and a storage tank, and a plurality of the storage tanks are each in communication with the gas-liquid separator.

8. The tar gasification cycle device according to claim 5, wherein the filtering device is provided with a return pipe, and liquid outlets of the cooler, the dust remover and the adsorber are all communicated with the first liquid inlet through the return pipe.

9. A gasification system, characterized in that it comprises a gasification furnace and a tar gasification circulation device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, said gasification furnace being connected to said tar gasification circulation device.