CN107317360B - Starting grid-connected control device and control method for direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous wind generating set - Google Patents

Starting grid-connected control device and control method for direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous wind generating set Download PDF

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CN107317360B
CN107317360B CN201710661679.2A CN201710661679A CN107317360B CN 107317360 B CN107317360 B CN 107317360B CN 201710661679 A CN201710661679 A CN 201710661679A CN 107317360 B CN107317360 B CN 107317360B
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converter
grid
direct current
rotating speed
voltage
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CN107317360A (en
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邓琛
谭诤
童剑雄
娄静丽
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XEMC Windpower Co Ltd
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XEMC Windpower Co Ltd
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    • H02J3/386
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/76Power conversion electric or electronic aspects

Abstract

The invention discloses a starting grid-connected control device of a direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous wind generating set, which comprises a fan controller, a converter controller, a rotating speed sensor, a voltage sensor, a wind driven generator, a machine side switch, a converter machine side module, a direct current capacitor, a converter grid side module, a grid-connected main switch and a power grid, wherein the wind driven generator, the machine side switch, the converter machine side module, the direct current capacitor, the converter grid side module, the grid-connected main switch and the power grid are sequentially connected in series, the voltage sensor is arranged on the wind driven generator, the rotating speed sensor is arranged at two ends of the direct current capacitor and on the power grid side, the voltage sensor and the rotating speed sensor are connected with the fan controller, the fan controller is. In the control device, the characteristic of the direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous wind driven generator is utilized, and the pre-charging circuit of the direct-current loop of the converter is avoided, so that the cost is saved. The invention also discloses a starting grid-connected control method of the direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous wind generating set.

Description

Starting grid-connected control device and control method for direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous wind generating set
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of wind power, in particular to a starting grid-connected control device and a control method for a direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous wind generating set.
Background
With the development of the world economy, the consumption of energy will increase dramatically. Because of the relative scarcity of resources in China and the damage of the consumption of non-renewable resources to the environment, China faces dual pressure of the environment and resources for a long time in the future, and the development of renewable energy sources including wind power and solar power generation is the best solution of the energy predicament in China. With the increasing proportion of wind power in a power grid, China puts forward higher technical requirements on wind power generation sets, and with the approaching speed of wind and fire equivalence, the cost pressure of each wind power manufacturer is higher and higher, so how to utilize the characteristics of the existing direct-drive permanent magnet wind power generation sets is to put forward a proper technical scheme capable of saving hardware cost, which undoubtedly will greatly promote the development and utilization scale of renewable energy resources, such as wind power generation, to drive the development of related wind power generation equipment manufacturing industry in China, and plays an important role in the healthy and rapid development of national economy.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous wind generating set starting grid-connected control device which is simple in structure and low in cost, and provides a grid-connected control method.
The technical scheme for solving the problems is as follows: a direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous wind generating set starting grid-connection control device comprises a converter grid side module, a converter machine side module, a fan controller, a converter controller, a wind driven generator, a grid-connection main switch, a machine side switch, a rotating speed sensor, a voltage sensor and a direct current capacitor, wherein the wind driven generator, the machine side switch, the converter machine side module, the direct current capacitor, the converter grid side module, the grid-connection main switch and a power grid are sequentially connected in series, the voltage sensor is arranged on the wind driven generator, at two ends of the direct current capacitor and on the power grid side and is respectively used for detecting the voltage of the wind driven generator, the voltage of the direct current capacitor and the voltage of the power grid, the signal output end of the voltage sensor is connected with the converter controller, the rotating speed sensor is arranged on the wind driven generator, the signal output end of the rotating speed sensor, the output end of the converter controller is respectively connected with the control end of the machine side switch, the control end of the converter machine side module, the converter grid side module and the control end of the grid-connected main switch.
According to the direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous wind generating set starting grid-connected control device, the converter side module is of a PWM controllable rectification type.
A direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous wind generating set starting grid-connected control method comprises the following steps:
(1) starting a wind turbine generator, sending a fan starting command by a fan controller, starting a fan yawing and variable-pitch system, closing a switch at the side of a converter controller, and enabling a wind driven generator to enter a constant rotating speed control mode;
(2) the rotating speed sensor detects the rotating speed of the wind driven generator in real time and feeds the rotating speed back to the fan controller, the fan controller detects a feedback value of the rotating speed sensor and judges whether the rotating speed of the wind driven generator is greater than or equal to a set rotating speed, if yes, the rotating speed of the wind driven generator is kept to stably operate at the set rotating speed through the variable pitch control of the blades, and meanwhile, the fan controller gives a charging instruction of a direct current capacitor of the converter; if not, continuing to detect the speed;
(3) after receiving an instruction given by a fan controller, a converter controller controls a converter side module to enter an uncontrollable rectification mode for charging, detects the voltage value of a direct current capacitor and the voltage value of a wind driven generator in real time in the charging process, judges the voltage, continuously waits for the charging of the direct current capacitor when detecting that the voltage value of the direct current capacitor is less than the voltage value of the generator 1.14, continuously charges when the voltage value of the direct current capacitor is greater than or equal to the voltage value of the generator 1.14, and enters PWM rectification charging from uncontrollable rectification charging in the charging mode;
(4) continuing charging, detecting the voltage of the power grid and calculating a reference direct current voltage, judging the voltage by the reference direct current voltage = the voltage value of the power grid 1.2, and continuing waiting for charging the direct current capacitor when the voltage value of the direct current capacitor is smaller than the reference direct current voltage value; when the voltage value of the direct current capacitor is larger than or equal to the reference direct current voltage value, the charging is completed, the converter controller cancels a PWM rectification charging command of a converter side module at the moment, the charging stops, a switching-on command is given to a grid-connected main switch at the same time, the main switch is switched on, and the grid side enters a synchronous modulation state;
(5) after the network side is synchronized, the fan controller converts the control mode of the wind driven generator, the constant rotating speed control mode enters a torque control mode, a variable pitch system continues to perform variable pitch action, and the rotating speed of the wind driven generator rises;
(6) when the rotating speed of the wind driven generator reaches the preset rotating speed, the fan controller gives a power generation instruction to the converter controller, and the converter side module receives the control instruction and enters a modulation power generation state.
In the grid-connected control method, before the wind turbine generator is started in the step (1), the method further comprises a fan state monitoring step, the fan controller checks a state signal of the wind turbine generator, and after the wind turbine generator is judged to be normal and free of faults, starting conditions are met, and the wind turbine generator starting step is started.
In the grid-connected control method, in the step (2), the set rotating speed is 3-5 revolutions.
In the grid-connected control method, in the step (6), the preset rotating speed is 6-8 revolutions.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: in the control device, aiming at the characteristics of the permanent magnet direct-drive synchronous generator, the direct-current bus of the converter can be charged by utilizing the characteristic of low-rotating-speed energy power generation, a pre-charging circuit of a converter loop is removed, and the cost is saved. The control device has the advantages of small workload of modification in a fan system, capability of reducing the cost of the converter, good economical efficiency and suitability for large-batch popularization and application.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a control device according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a side module of the converter in fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the control method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.
As shown in figure 1, the starting grid-connected control device for the direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous wind generating set comprises a converter grid side module 1, a converter machine side module 2, a fan controller 3, a converter controller 4, a wind driven generator 5, a grid-connected main switch 6, a machine side switch 7, a rotating speed sensor 8, a direct current capacitor 9 and a voltage sensor 10, wherein the wind driven generator 5, the machine side switch 7, the converter machine side module 2, the direct current capacitor 9, the converter grid side module 1, the grid-connected main switch 6 and a power grid are sequentially connected in series, the wind driven generator 5, two ends of the direct current capacitor 9 and the power grid side are respectively provided with the voltage sensor 10 which is respectively used for detecting the voltage of the wind driven generator, the direct current capacitor voltage and the power grid voltage, the signal output end of the voltage sensor 10 is connected with the converter controller 4, the rotating speed sensor 8 is arranged on the wind driven generator 5, the output end of the fan controller 3 is connected with the input end of the converter controller 4, and the output end of the converter controller 4 is respectively connected with the control end of the machine side switch 7, the control end of the converter machine side module 2, the converter grid side module 1 and the control end of the grid-connected main switch 6.
The fan controller 3 and the converter controller 4 are used as control cores, and data such as direct current bus voltage, wind driven generator voltage, power grid voltage and the like are collected through the collected rotating speed sensor 8 and are used as bases for entering different processing procedures for judgment. Taking a 2000KW wind turbine as an example, the rated voltage of the wind driven generator 5 is 690V, the grid voltage is 690V, the wind driven generator 5 enters a converter charging state when reaching 4 revolutions, and enters a power generation state when reaching 7 revolutions.
As shown in fig. 2, the converter side module 2 is of the PWM controlled rectifier type. After the machine side switch 7 is switched on, in an uncontrollable state, the electricity generated by the wind driven generator 5 charges the capacitor C through the reverse rectifier diode of the K1-K6 module, and when the preset voltage value is reached, the PWM charging state is entered, and the K1-K6 module enters a controllable charging mode.
A direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous wind generating set starting grid-connected control method comprises the following steps:
(1) first, step 301: the wind turbine generator system carries out fan state detection, the fan controller detects a state signal of the wind driven generator, and starting conditions are met after the wind driven generator is judged to be normal and free of faults; step 302: starting a fan, starting a wind turbine generator, and sending a fan starting command by a fan controller; step 303: starting a yaw variable pitch system of the fan; step 304: after yaw variable pitch is started, the wind driven generator enters a constant rotating speed control mode; step 305: controlling a machine side switch to be switched on through a converter controller; and the converter controller commands the machine side switch to be switched on. After the switch is switched on, the angle of a fan blade is changed from 90 degrees to 0 degree, the blade is unfolded to absorb wind energy, the rotating speed of an impeller is increased, the rotating speed of the fan is set to be 4 revolutions in a constant rotating speed control mode, and the rotating speed is controlled to stably run in a 4 revolution state;
(2) step 306: detecting the speed of the motor, detecting the rotating speed of the wind driven generator in real time by a rotating speed sensor and feeding the rotating speed back to a fan controller, and detecting the feedback value of the rotating speed sensor by the fan controller; step 307: judging the speed of the motor, judging whether the rotating speed of the wind driven generator is greater than or equal to a set rotating speed of 4 revolutions, if so, keeping the rotating speed of the wind driven generator to stably operate at the set rotating speed through the variable pitch control of the blades, and simultaneously entering the step 308: the fan controller gives a charging instruction of the converter direct current capacitor; if not, continuing to detect the speed until the speed of the wind driven generator reaches the set condition;
(3) step 309: after the converter controller receives an instruction given by the fan controller, the converter side module is controlled to enter an uncontrollable rectification mode for charging; step 310 and step 311 are carried out simultaneously in the charging process, and the voltage of the wind driven generator and the voltage value of the direct current capacitor are detected in real time; because the wind driven generator is controlled by the constant rotating speed at this time, the stator voltage of the wind driven generator is basically stable, and the step 312 is carried out: calculating a reference direct current voltage 1, wherein the reference direct current voltage 1= a generator actual voltage value 1.14; step 313: performing voltage judgment 1, when detecting that the voltage value of the direct current capacitor is smaller than the voltage value of the generator x 1.14, continuing to wait for charging of the direct current capacitor, and when the voltage value of the direct current capacitor rises to be greater than or equal to the voltage value of the generator x 1.14, completing charging in an uncontrollable rectification mode, and entering step 314: the converter side module enters a PWM rectification charging mode;
(4) step 315: continuously charging, and detecting the voltage of the power grid; step 316: calculating a reference direct current voltage 2, wherein the reference direct current voltage 2= a grid voltage value 1.2; step 317: performing voltage judgment 2, and continuing to wait for charging of the direct-current capacitor when the voltage value of the direct-current capacitor is smaller than the reference direct-current voltage 2; when the voltage value of the direct current capacitor is larger than or equal to the reference direct current voltage 2, the PWM rectification charging is completed, the direct current capacitor charging is completed, the converter controller cancels the PWM rectification charging command of the converter side module, the charging stops, meanwhile, the step 318 is carried out, the converter controller gives a switching-on command to the grid-connected main switch, the main switch is switched on, the step 319 is carried out, and the grid side enters a synchronous modulation state;
(5) step 320: after the grid side is synchronized, the converter controller sends a state signal for completing grid connection to the fan controller, the fan controller converts a control mode of the wind driven generator, the constant rotating speed control mode enters a torque control mode, a variable pitch system continues to change the pitch, and the rotating speed of the wind driven generator rises;
(6) when the rotating speed of the wind driven generator reaches the preset rotating speed of 7 revolutions, the step 321 is entered, the fan controller gives a power generation instruction to the converter controller, and the converter side module receives the control instruction and enters a modulation power generation state.

Claims (2)

1. A grid-connected control method of a start grid-connected control device of a direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous wind generating set is disclosed, wherein the start grid-connected control device of the direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous wind generating set comprises a converter grid side module, a converter machine side module, a fan controller, a converter controller, a wind driven generator, a grid-connected main switch, a machine side switch, a rotating speed sensor, a voltage sensor and a direct current capacitor, wherein the wind driven generator, the machine side switch, the converter machine side module, the direct current capacitor, the converter grid side module, the grid-connected main switch and a power grid are sequentially connected in series, voltage sensors are respectively arranged on the wind driven generator, two ends of the direct current capacitor and the power grid side and are respectively used for detecting the voltage of the wind driven generator, the voltage of the direct current capacitor and the voltage of the power grid, the signal output end of the voltage sensor, the output end of the fan controller is connected with the input end of the converter controller, and the output end of the converter controller is respectively connected with the control end of the machine side switch, the control end of the converter machine side module, the converter grid side module and the control end of the grid-connected main switch; the converter side module is of a PWM controllable rectification type;
the grid-connected control method comprises the following steps:
(1) starting a wind turbine generator, sending a fan starting command by a fan controller, starting a fan yawing and variable-pitch system, closing a switch at the side of a converter controller, and enabling a wind driven generator to enter a constant rotating speed control mode;
(2) the rotating speed sensor detects the rotating speed of the wind driven generator in real time and feeds the rotating speed back to the fan controller, the fan controller detects a feedback value of the rotating speed sensor and judges whether the rotating speed of the wind driven generator is greater than or equal to a set rotating speed, if yes, the rotating speed of the wind driven generator is kept to stably operate at the set rotating speed through the variable pitch control of the blades, and meanwhile, the fan controller gives a charging instruction of a direct current capacitor of the converter; if not, continuing to detect the speed;
(3) after receiving an instruction given by a fan controller, a converter controller controls a converter side module to enter an uncontrollable rectification mode for charging, detects the voltage value of a direct current capacitor and the voltage value of a wind driven generator in real time in the charging process, judges the voltage, continuously waits for the charging of the direct current capacitor when detecting that the voltage value of the direct current capacitor is less than the voltage value of the generator 1.14, continuously charges when the voltage value of the direct current capacitor is greater than or equal to the voltage value of the generator 1.14, and enters PWM rectification charging from uncontrollable rectification charging in the charging mode;
(4) continuing charging, detecting the voltage of the power grid and calculating a reference direct current voltage, judging the voltage by the reference direct current voltage = the voltage value of the power grid 1.2, and continuing waiting for charging the direct current capacitor when the voltage value of the direct current capacitor is smaller than the reference direct current voltage value; when the voltage value of the direct current capacitor is larger than or equal to the reference direct current voltage value, the charging is completed, the converter controller cancels a PWM rectification charging command of a converter side module at the moment, the charging stops, a switching-on command is given to a grid-connected main switch at the same time, the main switch is switched on, and the grid side enters a synchronous modulation state;
(5) after the network side is synchronized, the fan controller converts the control mode of the wind driven generator, the constant rotating speed control mode enters a torque control mode, a variable pitch system continues to perform variable pitch action, and the rotating speed of the wind driven generator rises;
(6) when the rotating speed of the wind driven generator reaches the preset rotating speed, the fan controller gives a power generation instruction to the converter controller, and the converter side module receives the control instruction and enters a modulation power generation state.
2. The grid-connection control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (1), before the wind turbine generator is started, a fan state monitoring step is further included, the fan controller checks a state signal of the wind turbine generator, and after the wind turbine generator is judged to be normal and not to have a fault, the starting condition is met, and the wind turbine generator starting step is started.
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