CN107314672B - Closed smelting furnace - Google Patents
Closed smelting furnace Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107314672B CN107314672B CN201710711673.1A CN201710711673A CN107314672B CN 107314672 B CN107314672 B CN 107314672B CN 201710711673 A CN201710711673 A CN 201710711673A CN 107314672 B CN107314672 B CN 107314672B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- hearth
- furnace
- molten metal
- stirring rotor
- temperature valve
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- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 2
- HMDDXIMCDZRSNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Si] Chemical compound [C].[Si] HMDDXIMCDZRSNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details specially adapted for crucible or pot furnaces
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a closed smelting furnace, which comprises a furnace body, a stirring rotor, a discharging assembly and a heating assembly, wherein the furnace body comprises a shell, a heat preservation layer and a refractory layer from outside to inside, a hearth for smelting metal is formed in the furnace body, a furnace door and an exhaust duct for filling molten metal are arranged above the side of the hearth, a furnace cover is arranged right above the hearth, and a sedimentation area and a slag blocking wall for realizing the purification of the molten metal are also arranged at the bottom of the hearth; the stirring rotor is vertically fixed in the center of the furnace cover, the lower end of the stirring rotor stretches into the furnace chamber, and a protective gas channel is arranged in the stirring rotor; the discharging assembly is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body and adjacent to the slag blocking wall, and comprises a high-temperature valve, a stopper rod and a discharging pipeline, wherein the opening and closing of the high-temperature valve are controlled by the up-and-down movement of the stopper rod, and the discharging pipeline is connected with the high-temperature valve and the casting die; the heating assembly comprises a heating silicon carbide rod and a heater, and is respectively positioned on the upper part of the hearth and the outer side of the discharging pipeline to realize the heating and heat preservation of the hearth and the discharging pipeline.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal smelting equipment, in particular to a closed smelting furnace with multiple functions of molten metal stirring, standing settlement, automatic discharging and the like.
Background
The smelting furnace is widely applied to the production and refining processes of black and nonferrous metals, and has the characteristics of high efficiency, traditional technology, simple process and the like. However, with the development of the process and the restriction of energy environment, some conventional smelting furnaces face a plurality of problems, which are mainly expressed in the following aspects: 1) Most of traditional smelting furnaces are of an open structure, impurities are easy to introduce in the smelting process, and furnace gas can cause environmental pollution; 2) The medium and small smelting furnaces mostly use a graphite mechanical stirring rotor to ensure the uniformity of metal smelting, and the graphite stirring rotor is pulverized under the high-temperature condition, so that the purity and stirring effect of molten metal are affected, and long-time work is not suitable; 3) Because the bottom structure of the smelting furnace is unreasonable, the purity of the metal liquid is guaranteed in the discharging process after the metal liquid is purified by standing and sedimentation, more tail liquid is often remained at the bottom of the smelting furnace, the tail liquid needs to be discharged from a discharging hole of the smelting furnace, the danger is high, and the treatment process is complicated.
Aiming at the technical defects of the open type smelting furnace, the closed type smelting furnace is developed after the improvement of the technical defects of the open type smelting furnace, but the graphite stirring rotor of the small and medium-sized closed type smelting furnace has more serious pulverization phenomenon in a high-temperature closed environment, and meanwhile, the problem of excessive residual metal tail liquid is not well solved, and the operation is complex.
In order to solve the technical problems, it is necessary to perform further optimization design for the closed smelting furnace, so as to realize the completion of metal smelting in a closed environment, and the functions of mechanical stirring, metal liquid purification and degassing, automatic discharging, residual tail liquid reduction and the like of the smelting furnace.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an improved closed smelting furnace with the functions of mechanical stirring, molten metal purification and degassing, automatic discharging, residual tail liquid reduction and the like, so as to realize the completion of metal smelting in a closed environment.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a closed smelting furnace comprises a furnace body, a stirring rotor, a discharging assembly and a heating assembly. The furnace body comprises a shell, a heat-insulating layer and a fire-resistant layer from outside to inside, a hearth for smelting metal is formed in the furnace body, a furnace door for filling molten metal is arranged above the side of the hearth, a furnace cover (furnace cleaning can be performed after the furnace cover is opened) and an exhaust duct for removing furnace gas are arranged right above the hearth, and a sedimentation area and a slag blocking wall for realizing molten metal purification are arranged at the bottom of the hearth; the stirring rotor is vertically fixed at the center of the furnace cover, the lower end of the stirring rotor stretches into the furnace chamber, a protective gas channel is arranged in the stirring rotor, and air in the furnace chamber can be discharged as much as possible by blowing protective gas into the furnace chamber, so that oxidation and slag generation in the alloy smelting process are reduced; the discharging assembly is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body and adjacent to the slag blocking wall and is configured to realize the discharge and casting forming of molten metal, and comprises a high-temperature valve, a stopper rod and a discharging pipeline, wherein the opening and closing of the high-temperature valve are controlled by the up-and-down movement of the stopper rod, and the discharging pipeline is connected with the high-temperature valve and the casting die; the heating assembly comprises a heating silicon carbide rod and a heater, and the heating assembly is respectively positioned at the upper part of the hearth and the outer side of the discharging pipeline to realize heating and heat preservation of the hearth and the discharging pipeline.
Furthermore, the bottom surface of the hearth is an inclined surface and a certain inclined angle (theta) is formed between the inclined surface and the horizontal surface, the lowest part of the bottom surface of the hearth is flush with the top end of the high-temperature valve, and the amount of residual molten metal can be reduced to the greatest extent in the discharging and pouring process.
Further, the sedimentation zone is of a groove structure and is lower than the lowest part of the bottom surface of the hearth, after metal is smelted, stirred and kept still, high-density slag can be settled on the bottom surface of the hearth and the sedimentation zone, and in the discharging and pouring process, slag on the bottom surface of the hearth can stay in the sedimentation zone after moving to the sedimentation zone along with molten metal.
Further, the slag blocking wall is of a wall structure with the top surface higher than the bottom surface of the hearth and lower than the liquid level of the molten metal in the hearth, one or more molten metal channels are further arranged at the bottom of the slag blocking wall, the bottom surface of the molten metal channels is basically flush with the lowest part of the bottom surface of the hearth, and low-density slag floating on the surface of the molten metal in the discharging process is blocked on one side of the slag blocking wall.
Furthermore, the stirring rotor is made of ceramic materials, so that the problem of serious pulverization phenomenon of the graphite rotor in a high-temperature airtight environment is solved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the smelting furnace adopts a closed structure and is designed with a protective gas blowing function to remove air in a hearth, so that the oxidation and slag generation in the metal smelting process are reduced to the greatest extent.
2. The sedimentation area and the slag blocking wall are utilized to separate high-density slag and low-density slag in the molten metal, so that the purification treatment of the molten metal is realized, and the purity of the molten metal is ensured.
3. The inclined plane at the bottom of the hearth is utilized and is matched with the structural combination design of the sedimentation area, the slag blocking wall and the high-temperature valve, so that the residual quantity of molten metal in the casting process is reduced to the maximum extent, the utilization rate of single metal smelting can be improved, and the workload of hearth cleaning is obviously reduced.
4. The automatic opening and closing of the high-temperature valve are realized by controlling the up-and-down movement of the stopper rod, the automatic pouring of molten metal is realized, and the smelting efficiency is improved.
5. The heater is arranged at the part of the discharging pipeline, which is close to the high-temperature valve, so that the temperature at two sides of the high-temperature valve is kept balanced, the damage to the high-temperature valve caused by uneven heating can be prevented, and the solidification phenomenon caused when the molten metal flows through the high-temperature valve and the discharging pipeline can be prevented, thereby ensuring the smooth running of the molten metal pouring process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a closed smelting furnace according to the present invention.
Reference numerals in the drawings: 1-furnace body, 2-stirring rotor, 3-discharging component, 4-heating component, 11-shell, 12-heat-insulating layer, 13-refractory layer, 14-furnace chamber, 15-furnace door, 16-furnace cover, 17-exhaust duct, 18-sedimentation zone, 19-slag-blocking wall, 21-protection gas channel, 31-high temperature valve, 32-stopper rod, 33-discharging pipeline, 41-heating silicon carbon rod, 42-heater, 141-furnace chamber bottom surface and 191-molten metal channel
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments and drawings. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, and the embodiments described by referring to the drawings are exemplary only for explaining the technical aspects of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention provides a closed metal smelting furnace, which comprises a furnace body 1, a stirring rotor 2, a discharging assembly 3 and a heating assembly 4. The furnace body 1 comprises three functional layers, namely a shell 11, a heat preservation layer 12 and a refractory layer 13 from outside to inside, a hearth 14 for smelting metal is formed in the furnace body, a furnace door 15 for filling molten metal is arranged above the side of the hearth 14, a furnace cover 16 (the hearth 14 can be cleaned after the furnace cover 16 is opened) and an exhaust duct 17 for removing furnace gas are arranged right above the hearth 14, and a sedimentation area 18 and a slag blocking wall 19 for realizing molten metal purification are also arranged at the bottom of the hearth 14; the stirring rotor 2 is vertically fixed at the center of the furnace cover 16, the lower end of the stirring rotor extends into the hearth 14, a protective gas channel 21 is arranged in the stirring rotor 2, and air in the hearth 14 can be discharged as much as possible by blowing protective gas into the hearth 14, so that oxidation and slag generation in the alloy smelting process are reduced; the discharging assembly 3 is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body 1 and adjacent to the slag blocking wall 19, is configured to realize the discharge and casting molding of molten metal, and comprises a high-temperature valve 31, a stopper rod 32 and a discharging pipeline 33, wherein the opening and closing of the high-temperature valve 31 are controlled by the up-and-down movement of the stopper rod 32, and the discharging pipeline 33 is connected with the high-temperature valve 31 and a casting mold (not shown in the figure); the heating assembly 4 comprises a heating silicon carbide rod 41 and a heater 42, which are respectively positioned at the upper part of the hearth 14 and the outer side of the discharging pipeline 33 so as to realize heating and heat preservation of the hearth 14 and the discharging pipeline 33.
Referring to fig. 1, the bottom surface 141 of the furnace is an inclined surface, and has a certain inclination angle (θ) with respect to the horizontal plane, and the lowest part of the bottom surface 141 of the furnace is flush with the top end of the high temperature valve 31, so that the amount of residual molten metal can be minimized during the discharging and casting process.
Referring to fig. 1, the sedimentation zone 18 is of a trough structure, and is lower than the lowest part of the bottom surface 141 of the hearth, after metal is smelted, stirred and kept still, high-density slag can be settled to the bottom surface 141 of the hearth and the sedimentation zone 18, and in the process of discharging and casting, the slag on the bottom surface 141 of the hearth can stay in the sedimentation zone 18 after moving along with molten metal to the sedimentation zone 18.
Referring to fig. 1, the slag wall 19 is a wall structure with a top surface higher than the bottom surface of the furnace and lower than the liquid level of the molten metal in the furnace, one or more molten metal channels 191 are further arranged at the bottom of the slag wall 19, the bottom surface of the molten metal channels 191 is substantially flush with the lowest position of the bottom surface 141 of the furnace, and the low-density slag floating on the surface of the molten metal in the discharging process is blocked at one side of the slag wall 19.
Referring to fig. 1, the stirring rotor 2 is made of ceramic material, so as to solve the problem of serious pulverization of the graphite rotor in a high-temperature closed environment.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a closed smelting furnace, includes furnace body, stirring rotor, blowing subassembly, heating element, its characterized in that:
the furnace body comprises a shell, a heat-insulating layer and a fire-resistant layer from outside to inside, a hearth for smelting metal is formed in the furnace body, a furnace door for filling molten metal is arranged above the side of the hearth, a furnace cover and an exhaust duct for exhausting furnace gas are arranged right above the hearth, and a sedimentation area and a slag blocking wall for realizing the purification of the molten metal are also arranged at the bottom of the hearth; the stirring rotor is vertically fixed at the center of the furnace cover, the lower end of the stirring rotor stretches into the hearth, and a protective gas channel is arranged in the stirring rotor; the discharging assembly is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body and adjacent to the slag blocking wall, and comprises a high-temperature valve, a stopper rod and a discharging pipeline, wherein the opening and closing of the high-temperature valve are controlled by the up-and-down movement of the stopper rod, and the discharging pipeline is connected with the high-temperature valve and the casting die; the heating component comprises a heating silicon carbide rod and a heater which are respectively positioned at the upper part of the hearth and the outer side of the discharging pipeline;
the bottom surface of the hearth is an inclined surface, a certain inclined angle (theta) is formed between the inclined surface and the horizontal surface, and the lowest part of the bottom surface of the hearth is flush with the top end of the high-temperature valve; the slag blocking wall is of a wall structure with the top surface higher than the bottom surface of the hearth and lower than the liquid level of the molten metal in the hearth, one or more molten metal channels are further arranged at the bottom of the slag blocking wall, and the bottom surface of the molten metal channels is basically level with the lowest part of the bottom surface of the hearth; the sedimentation area is of a groove type structure and is lower than the lowest part of the bottom surface of the hearth.
2. The closed smelting furnace defined in claim 1 wherein: the stirring rotor is made of ceramic materials.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710711673.1A CN107314672B (en) | 2017-08-18 | 2017-08-18 | Closed smelting furnace |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710711673.1A CN107314672B (en) | 2017-08-18 | 2017-08-18 | Closed smelting furnace |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107314672A CN107314672A (en) | 2017-11-03 |
| CN107314672B true CN107314672B (en) | 2023-06-06 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710711673.1A Active CN107314672B (en) | 2017-08-18 | 2017-08-18 | Closed smelting furnace |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN107314672B (en) |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1348513A (en) * | 1970-12-14 | 1974-03-20 | Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag | Method and apparatus for the continuous refining of impure copper |
| US6210463B1 (en) * | 1998-02-12 | 2001-04-03 | Kennecott Utah Copper Corporation | Process and apparatus for the continuous refining of blister copper |
| CN102560162A (en) * | 2012-01-09 | 2012-07-11 | 张家港市盛天金属线有限公司 | Smelting furnace |
| CN102954682A (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2013-03-06 | 苏州新长光热能科技有限公司 | Aluminum and aluminum alloy high-efficiency and constant-temperature melting furnace |
| CN105344695A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-02-24 | 长安大学 | Waste incineration fly ash treatment method and device |
| CN106352698A (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2017-01-25 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | Smelting furnace |
| CN207231201U (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2018-04-13 | 东莞市中航华讯卫星技术有限公司 | A kind of closed smelting furnace |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006052181A1 (en) * | 2006-11-02 | 2008-05-08 | Sms Demag Ag | A process for the continuous or discontinuous recovery of a metal or metals from a slag containing the metal or compound of the metal |
-
2017
- 2017-08-18 CN CN201710711673.1A patent/CN107314672B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1348513A (en) * | 1970-12-14 | 1974-03-20 | Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag | Method and apparatus for the continuous refining of impure copper |
| US6210463B1 (en) * | 1998-02-12 | 2001-04-03 | Kennecott Utah Copper Corporation | Process and apparatus for the continuous refining of blister copper |
| CN102560162A (en) * | 2012-01-09 | 2012-07-11 | 张家港市盛天金属线有限公司 | Smelting furnace |
| CN102954682A (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2013-03-06 | 苏州新长光热能科技有限公司 | Aluminum and aluminum alloy high-efficiency and constant-temperature melting furnace |
| CN105344695A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-02-24 | 长安大学 | Waste incineration fly ash treatment method and device |
| CN106352698A (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2017-01-25 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | Smelting furnace |
| CN207231201U (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2018-04-13 | 东莞市中航华讯卫星技术有限公司 | A kind of closed smelting furnace |
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| CN107314672A (en) | 2017-11-03 |
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Effective date of registration: 20210702 Address after: 523000 Room 401, building 6, No.4 Xingye Road, Songshanhu Park, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province Applicant after: Blue (Guangdong) New Energy Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 523000 Room 516, building B1, University Innovation City, Songshanhu high tech Industrial Development Zone, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province Applicant before: DONGGUAN ZHONGHANG HUAXUN SATELLITE TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
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