CN107288718A - Automobile exhaust purifier - Google Patents

Automobile exhaust purifier Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107288718A
CN107288718A CN201610227321.4A CN201610227321A CN107288718A CN 107288718 A CN107288718 A CN 107288718A CN 201610227321 A CN201610227321 A CN 201610227321A CN 107288718 A CN107288718 A CN 107288718A
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China
Prior art keywords
stainless steel
steel cylinder
wood fiber
electrode wire
fiber filter
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Pending
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CN201610227321.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
郭秀荣
王迎辉
杜丹丰
亓占丰
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Northeast Forestry University
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Northeast Forestry University
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Priority to CN201610227321.4A priority Critical patent/CN107288718A/en
Publication of CN107288718A publication Critical patent/CN107288718A/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • F01N3/035Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0892Electric or magnetic treatment, e.g. dissociation of noxious components
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/10Fibrous material, e.g. mineral or metallic wool
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2570/00Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
    • F01N2570/14Nitrogen oxides

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种汽车尾气净化器,属于汽车尾气净化技术,包括尾气入口、尾气出口和不锈钢圆筒,尾气入口与不锈钢圆筒相连接,不锈钢圆筒和尾气出口相连接,不锈钢圆筒中设有与其同轴且直径相同的木纤维滤芯,滤芯上负载纳米级氧化铈催化剂,木纤维滤芯中间设有小圆孔,不锈钢圆筒的外壁上设有绝缘塞,绝缘塞上设有电极线,电极线的一端通过绝缘塞与外部电源正极相连接,电极线的形状为“L”型,电极线的另一端设在木纤维滤芯中间的小圆孔中,主要应用于汽车上。

The invention discloses an automobile exhaust purifier, which belongs to the automobile exhaust purification technology, and comprises an exhaust inlet, an exhaust outlet and a stainless steel cylinder, the exhaust inlet is connected with the stainless steel cylinder, the stainless steel cylinder is connected with the exhaust outlet, and the stainless steel cylinder is equipped with There is a wood fiber filter element that is coaxial with it and has the same diameter. The filter element is loaded with a nano-scale cerium oxide catalyst. There is a small round hole in the middle of the wood fiber filter element. An insulating plug is installed on the outer wall of the stainless steel cylinder, and an electrode wire is arranged on the insulating plug. One end of the electrode wire is connected to the positive pole of the external power supply through an insulating plug. The shape of the electrode wire is "L", and the other end of the electrode wire is set in the small round hole in the middle of the wood fiber filter element. It is mainly used in automobiles.

Description

汽车尾气净化器Car Exhaust Purifier

技术领域:本发明属于汽车尾气净化方面技术领域,尤其涉及一种汽车尾气净化器。Technical field: the present invention belongs to the technical field of automobile exhaust purification, and in particular relates to an automobile exhaust purifier.

背景技术:Background technique:

柴油发动机因其动力足、燃油效率高、占用空间小、耐久性强等优点在汽车工业发展迅速,但是柴油机所排放的NOx约为汽油发动机的2-20倍,所排放的PM约为汽油发动机的10-100倍,对环境造成严重污染。随着柴油车尾气排放法规的愈发严格,在发动机技术得到优化的同时,柴油车尾气后处理技术得到社会广泛关注,近年来关于低温条件下净化汽车尾气更是成为后处理技术中的热点与难点问题。根据最新的净化标准,选择性催化还原(SCR)系统和柴油车尾气微粒捕集器(DPF)已经在柴油车上加以应用。但是SCR系统存在使用温度范围小、氨气易泄漏、催化剂易中毒、占用空间大和成本高等问题;DPF存在对纳米级PM捕集效率低、可再生难、背压高和对油品要求高等问题。Diesel engines have developed rapidly in the automotive industry due to their advantages such as sufficient power, high fuel efficiency, small footprint, and strong durability. However, the NOx emitted by diesel engines is about 2-20 times that of gasoline engines, and the PM emitted by gasoline engines is about 2-20 times that of gasoline engines. 10-100 times of that, causing serious pollution to the environment. As diesel vehicle exhaust emission regulations become more and more stringent, while engine technology is optimized, diesel vehicle exhaust after-treatment technology has attracted widespread attention from the society. In recent years, the purification of vehicle exhaust under low temperature conditions has become a hot topic in after-treatment technology Difficult question. According to the latest purification standards, Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) systems and Diesel Particulate Filters (DPF) have been applied to diesel vehicles. However, the SCR system has problems such as small operating temperature range, easy leakage of ammonia gas, easy catalyst poisoning, large space occupation and high cost; DPF has problems such as low capture efficiency of nano-scale PM, difficult regeneration, high back pressure and high requirements for oil products. .

实用新型内容Utility model content

本发明的目的是为了克服现有技术的不足,提供一种柴油车尾气净化器,采用的技术方案如下:The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of exhaust purifier for diesel vehicles in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and the technical scheme adopted is as follows:

汽车尾气净化器,包括尾气入口、尾气出口和不锈钢圆筒,尾气入口与不锈钢圆筒相连接,不锈钢圆筒和尾气出口相连接,不锈钢圆筒中设有木纤维滤芯,木纤维滤芯与不锈钢圆筒之间紧密接触,木纤维滤芯中间设有圆孔,不锈钢圆筒的外壁上设有绝缘塞,绝缘塞上设有电极线,电极线的一端通过绝缘塞与外部电源正极相连接,电极线的形状为“L”型,电极线的另一端设在木纤维滤芯中间的小圆孔中。木纤维具有天然的多孔结构以及对PM过滤效率高等优点。低温等离子体技术被广泛认为是有非常前景的后处理技术,与催化剂结合可以提高净化污染物的效率和净化反应选择性,许多研究都尝试在后处理技术中增加低温等离子体技术以提高净化效率。Automobile exhaust gas purifier, including exhaust gas inlet, exhaust gas outlet and stainless steel cylinder, the exhaust gas inlet is connected to the stainless steel cylinder, the stainless steel cylinder is connected to the exhaust gas outlet, the stainless steel cylinder is equipped with a wood fiber filter element, the wood fiber filter element is connected to the stainless steel cylinder There is a round hole in the middle of the wood fiber filter element, an insulating plug is provided on the outer wall of the stainless steel cylinder, and an electrode wire is provided on the insulating plug. One end of the electrode wire is connected to the positive pole of the external power supply through the insulating plug. The shape is "L", and the other end of the electrode wire is set in the small round hole in the middle of the wood fiber filter element. Wood fiber has the advantages of natural porous structure and high filtration efficiency for PM. Low-temperature plasma technology is widely considered to be a very promising post-treatment technology. Combining with catalysts can improve the efficiency of purification of pollutants and the selectivity of purification reactions. Many studies have tried to add low-temperature plasma technology to post-treatment technology to improve purification efficiency. .

优选地:为了更好地提高产品的稳定性,不锈钢圆筒的右边设有支撑固定架,不锈钢圆筒的左端安装有支撑固定架,支撑固定架与支撑固定架分别与木纤维滤芯的左端和右端相连接,电极线与支撑架相连接。Preferably: in order to better improve the stability of the product, the right side of the stainless steel cylinder is provided with a support fixture, and the left end of the stainless steel cylinder is equipped with a support fixture, and the support fixture and the support fixture are respectively connected to the left end and the wood fiber filter element. The right ends are connected, and the electrode wires are connected with the support frame.

本发明的有益效果:净化效果好,成本低,对油品要求低,背压小和安全稳定性高,应用广泛,适于全面推广和应用。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: good purification effect, low cost, low requirements for oil products, low back pressure, high safety and stability, wide application, and suitable for comprehensive popularization and application.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1本发明汽车尾气净化器结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an automobile exhaust purifier of the present invention.

具体实施方式detailed description

为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案,下面结合附图并结合实施例对本发明的技术方案作进一步详细的说明。In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

实施例1Example 1

汽车尾气净化器,包括尾气入口1、尾气出口7和不锈钢圆筒2,尾气入口1与不锈钢圆筒2相连接,不锈钢圆筒2和尾气出口7相连接,不锈钢圆筒2中设有木纤维滤芯6,木纤维滤芯6与不锈钢圆筒2之间不留有空隙,木纤维滤芯6中间设有小圆孔,不锈钢圆筒2的外壁上设有绝缘塞5,绝缘塞5上设有电极线4,电极线4的一端通过绝缘塞5与外部电源正极相连接,电极线4的形状为“L”型,电极线4的另一端设在木纤维滤芯6中间的小圆孔中,不锈钢圆筒2的右边设有支撑固定架8,不锈钢圆筒2的左端安装有支撑固定架3,支撑固定架3与支撑固定架8分别与木纤维滤芯6的左端和右端相连接,电极线4与支撑架9相连接。使用的时候,通过电极线4接在高压电源上,气体分子会被电离成为化学性质很活泼的自由基和离子等活性粒子的形式,如OH、O和N0等自由基,同时PM会被木纤维滤芯6捕集,在催化剂氧化铈的催化作用下,一部分PM会被具有氧化性的活性粒子氧化为CO或CO2,一部分NOx会被还原性粒子还原为N2,PM的氧化和NOx的还原相互促进。在一定的净化时间后,相对洁净的尾气从出口7排入大气。木纤维滤芯6作为放电介质,同时为催化剂提供载体,提高催化剂的热稳定性,保证催化剂的有效表面积。Automobile exhaust purifier, including exhaust gas inlet 1, exhaust gas outlet 7 and stainless steel cylinder 2, exhaust gas inlet 1 is connected with stainless steel cylinder 2, stainless steel cylinder 2 is connected with exhaust gas outlet 7, and wood fiber is arranged in stainless steel cylinder 2 Filter element 6, there is no gap between the wood fiber filter element 6 and the stainless steel cylinder 2, a small round hole is provided in the middle of the wood fiber filter element 6, an insulating plug 5 is provided on the outer wall of the stainless steel cylinder 2, and an electrode is provided on the insulating plug 5 Wire 4, one end of the electrode wire 4 is connected to the positive pole of the external power supply through an insulating plug 5, the shape of the electrode wire 4 is "L", and the other end of the electrode wire 4 is set in the small round hole in the middle of the wood fiber filter element 6, stainless steel The right side of the cylinder 2 is provided with a support fixture 8, and the left end of the stainless steel cylinder 2 is equipped with a support fixture 3, and the support fixture 3 and the support fixture 8 are respectively connected with the left end and the right end of the wood fiber filter element 6, and the electrode wire 4 Connect with the support frame 9. When in use, connect the electrode line 4 to the high-voltage power supply, and the gas molecules will be ionized to form active particles such as free radicals and ions, such as free radicals such as OH, O and NO, while PM will be decomposed by wood Fiber filter element 6 captures, under the catalysis of catalyst cerium oxide, part of PM will be oxidized to CO or CO 2 by oxidizing active particles, part of NOx will be reduced to N 2 by reducing particles, PM oxidation and NOx Restoration promotes each other. After a certain purification time, the relatively clean tail gas is discharged into the atmosphere from outlet 7. The wood fiber filter element 6 serves as a discharge medium, and at the same time provides a carrier for the catalyst, improves the thermal stability of the catalyst, and ensures the effective surface area of the catalyst.

以上所述,仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制;凡本行业的普通技术人员均可按说明书附图所示和以上所述而顺畅地实施本发明;但是,凡熟悉本专业的技术人员在不脱离本发明技术方案范围内,可利用以上所揭示的技术内容而作出的些许更动、修饰与演变的等同变化,均为本发明的等效实施例;同时,凡依据本发明的实质技术对以上实施例所作的任何等同变化的更动、修饰与演变等,均仍属于本发明的技术方案的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any form; all those skilled in the art can smoothly implement the present invention as shown in the attached drawings and the above descriptions. However, any equivalent change, modification and evolution that can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention by using the technical content disclosed above are all equivalent implementations of the present invention Example; at the same time, any modification, modification and evolution of any equivalent changes made to the above embodiments according to the substantive technology of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1.汽车尾气净化器,包括尾气入口(1)、尾气出口(7)和不锈钢圆筒(2),尾气入口(1)与不锈钢圆筒(2)相连接,不锈钢圆筒(2)和尾气出口(7)相连接,其特征在于:不锈钢圆筒(2)中设有木纤维滤芯(6),木纤维滤芯(6)与不锈钢圆筒(2)之间紧密接触,木纤维滤芯(6)中间设有小圆孔,不锈钢圆筒(2)的外壁上设有绝缘塞(5),绝缘塞(5)上设有电极线(4),电极线(4)的一端通过绝缘塞(5)与外部电源正极相连接,电极线(4)的形状为“L”型,电极线(4)的另一端设在木纤维滤芯(6)中间的小圆孔中。1. Automobile exhaust gas purifier, including exhaust gas inlet (1), exhaust gas outlet (7) and stainless steel cylinder (2), the exhaust gas inlet (1) is connected with the stainless steel cylinder (2), the stainless steel cylinder (2) and the exhaust gas The outlet (7) is connected, and it is characterized in that: the stainless steel cylinder (2) is provided with a wood fiber filter core (6), the wood fiber filter core (6) is in close contact with the stainless steel cylinder (2), and the wood fiber filter core (6) ) is provided with a small round hole, the outer wall of the stainless steel cylinder (2) is provided with an insulating plug (5), the insulating plug (5) is provided with an electrode wire (4), and one end of the electrode wire (4) passes through the insulating plug ( 5) Connect to the positive pole of the external power supply, the shape of the electrode wire (4) is "L", and the other end of the electrode wire (4) is arranged in the small round hole in the middle of the wood fiber filter element (6). 2.根据权利要求1所述的汽车尾气净化器,其特征在于:不锈钢圆筒(2)的右边设有支撑固定架(8),不锈钢圆筒(2)的左端安装有支撑固定架(3),支撑固定架(3)与支撑固定架(8)分别与木纤维滤芯(6)的左端和右端相连接。2. The automobile exhaust purifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: the right side of the stainless steel cylinder (2) is provided with a supporting fixture (8), and the left end of the stainless steel cylinder (2) is provided with a supporting fixture (3 ), the support mount (3) is connected with the left end and the right end of the support mount (8) with the wood fiber filter element (6) respectively. 3.根据权利要求1所述的汽车尾气净化器,其特征在于:电极线(4)与支撑架(9)相连接。3. The automobile exhaust purifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electrode wire (4) is connected with the supporting frame (9).
CN201610227321.4A 2016-04-13 2016-04-13 Automobile exhaust purifier Pending CN107288718A (en)

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Application publication date: 20171024