CN107276126A - A kind of electric heating cold air based on fuel cell is provided multiple forms of energy to complement each other energy supplying system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

A fuel cell-based electric heating and cold air multi-energy complementary energy supply system and method, the system includes a fuel cell, a renewable energy power generation system, a waste heat boiler, a steam turbine, a generator, an energy storage device, a thermal storage electric boiler, and a steam-driven air compressor , electric air compressors and absorption refrigerators; the invention can realize the supply of various energy sources such as electricity, heat, cold and gas, and the supply of electric energy: natural gas and air enter the fuel cell to generate electricity externally; the high-temperature flue gas of the fuel cell enters the waste heat The boiler generates steam, drives the steam turbine to run, and drives the generator to output electric energy to the outside; heat supply: the waste heat boiler supplies steam to the outside; the thermal storage electric boiler first converts electric energy into heat energy for storage, and releases heat energy when needed, and outputs steam or hot water to the outside; Cold supply: steam drives the absorption refrigerator to output cold energy; air supply: the electric air compressor consumes electric energy to generate compressed air; the steam-driven air compressor uses steam to drive the steam turbine and push the compressor to generate compressed air.

Description

A fuel cell-based multi-energy complementary energy supply system and method for electric heating and cooling

technical field

The present invention relates to a comprehensive energy supply system, in particular to a fuel cell-based electric heating and cooling multi-energy complementary energy supply system and method.

Background technique

With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, my country's energy demand is increasing, and the energy crisis characterized by supply-demand imbalance, environmental pollution and greenhouse effect has become increasingly prominent, seriously restricting the sustainable development of my country's economy and society. The distributed energy system is close to the user, and the multi-energy complementary micro-grid system based on distributed energy realizes the supply of various forms of energy such as cooling, heating, and electricity. As a new type of energy supply mode, it has broad development prospects in my country due to its advantages of energy saving, economy, environmental protection and reliable energy supply. It is an important way to provide flexible and energy-saving comprehensive energy services for end users, and it is an important development direction of my country's electric power industry and energy industry.

On July 6, 2016, the official website of the National Development and Reform Commission announced the "Implementation Opinions of the National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration on Promoting the Construction of Multi-energy Complementary Integration and Optimization Demonstration Projects" (hereinafter referred to as "opinions"). The "Opinions" propose that in 2016, on the basis of existing related projects, promote project upgrading and system integration, and start the construction of the first batch of demonstration projects. During the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, more than 20 national-level terminal integrated energy supply demonstration projects have been built. By 2020, about 50% of new industrial parks in provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) will adopt terminal integrated integrated energy supply systems, and about 30% of existing industrial parks will implement comprehensive cascade utilization of energy.

Building a multi-energy complementary integrated optimization demonstration project is one of the important tasks of building an "Internet +" smart energy system. It is conducive to improving the ability to coordinate energy supply and demand, promoting clean energy production and nearby consumption, and is an important starting point for improving the overall efficiency of the energy system. , has important practical and far-reaching strategic significance for building a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient modern energy system.

Fuel cell power generation technology is a power generation device that directly converts the chemical energy of fuel into electrical energy. It can directly convert the chemical energy of hydrocarbon fuels such as natural gas and _H2 into electrical energy through electrochemical reactions. It surpasses heat engines because there is no thermodynamic cycle. Limited by the Carnot cycle efficiency, the power generation efficiency can reach 50% to 60%, and the thermoelectric conversion efficiency can reach 85% to 90%. Moreover, the fuel cell load response is fast and the operation quality is high. The fuel cell can be switched from the lowest power to the rated power in a few seconds, which can realize good coupling and complementarity with the renewable energy power generation system and form an integrated energy supply system.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides a fuel cell-based multi-energy complementary energy supply system and method for electric heating and cold air. The system fully utilizes the characteristics of high power generation efficiency and fast load response of the fuel cell, and is coupled and complementary with a renewable energy power generation system to realize electricity and heat. Simultaneous supply of four energy sources such as air, cold and gas.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

A fuel cell-based electric heating and cold air multi-energy complementary energy supply system, including a fuel cell 1, the exhaust gas outlet of the fuel cell 1 is connected to the flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler 3, and the steam outlet of the waste heat boiler 3 is connected to two steam main pipes, the first One steam main pipe is connected with the steam inlet of the steam turbine 4, the turbine rotating shaft of the steam turbine 4 is connected with the rotor rotating shaft of the generator 5, and the second steam main pipe of the waste heat boiler 3 is connected with the inlet of the steam-driven air compressor 8. The steam port is connected to the steam inlet of the absorption refrigerator 10, and is also connected to the steam inlet of the heat user; the fuel cell 1, the renewable energy power generation system 2, the generator 5 and the energy storage device 6 are connected to the same power supply bus, the heat storage electric boiler 7 is electrically connected to the power supply bus, the steam outlet of the heat storage electric boiler 7 is connected to the second steam main pipe of the waste heat boiler 3, the hot water outlet of the heat storage electric boiler 7 is connected to the heat The user's hot water main pipe is connected; the electric air compressor 9 is electrically connected to the power supply bus, the compressed air outlets of the pneumatic air compressor 8 and the electric air compressor 9 are connected with the same compressed air main pipe, and the pneumatic air compressor Machine 8 and electric air compressor 9 complement each other, also are mutually standby.

The fuel cell 1 is a high-temperature fuel cell, including a molten carbonate fuel cell and a solid oxide fuel cell.

The renewable energy power generation system 2 includes a solar power generation system, a wind power generation system, a hydroelectric power generation system, an ocean energy power generation system and a geothermal power generation system.

The energy storage device 6 has the function of storing and releasing electric energy, including a compressed air energy storage device and a storage battery system.

In the energy supply method of the fuel cell-based electric heating and cooling multi-energy complementary energy supply system, natural gas and air enter the fuel cell 1, a redox reaction occurs, and electric energy is output to the outside, and the high-temperature flue gas generated by the chemical reaction is supplied by the fuel cell 1 The tail gas is discharged from the outlet and enters the waste heat boiler 3 to heat the boiler feed water to generate steam; the steam generated by the waste heat boiler 3 respectively enters two steam main pipes, the first steam main pipe is connected to the steam inlet of the steam turbine 4, and the steam enters the steam turbine 4 , to push the turbine to rotate, the turbine rotating shaft of the steam turbine 4 is connected with the rotor rotating shaft of the generator 5, the turbine of the steam turbine 4 rotates to drive the rotor of the generator 5 to rotate, and output electric energy to the outside; the second steam of the waste heat boiler 3 enters the steam After the air compressor 8 is driven, the steam-driven air compressor 8 is driven to rotate to generate compressed air for external supply, and the second steam enters the absorption refrigerator 10 to generate refrigerant water for external supply, and at the same time, the second steam enters the heat user's The steam inlet supplies heat for heat users; the power output terminals of fuel cell 1, renewable energy power generation system 2, generator 5 and energy storage device 6 are connected to the same power supply bus to provide power for users; energy storage device 6 is using electricity During the low valley period, the electric energy is stored, and during the peak period of power consumption, the stored electric energy is released to realize external power supply; the thermal storage electric boiler 7 is electrically connected to the power supply bus, and during the low power consumption period, the thermal storage electric boiler 7 converts electric energy into thermal energy for storage During the heating peak period, the stored heat energy is released to generate hot water or steam; the thermal storage electric boiler 7 takes electricity from the power supply bus, heats the feed water, generates steam or hot water, and the generated steam enters the first stage of the waste heat boiler 3 The two-way steam main pipe, the hot water generated enters the hot water main pipe and is provided to the heat user; the electric air compressor 9 is electrically connected to the power supply bus, and takes power from the power supply bus to generate compressed air for external supply; The compressed air produced by the steam-driven air compressor 8 and the electric air compressor 9 enters the same compressed air main pipe to supply compressed air to the outside.

The fuel cell-based multi-energy complementary energy supply system for electric heating and cold air proposed by the present invention has the following advantages:

(1) Intelligent and fully automatic operation can be realized, and four energy sources such as electricity, heat, cold and gas can be provided to the outside at the same time; the supply of electric energy: the renewable energy power generation system supplies power to the outside; natural gas and air enter the fuel cell to generate power; the fuel cell The high-temperature flue gas enters the waste heat boiler to generate steam, which drives the steam turbine to run, thereby driving the generator to output electric energy; the energy storage device stores the excess electricity when the electricity consumption is underestimated, and releases the electricity when the electricity consumption is peak. Heat supply: the waste heat boiler supplies steam to the outside; the thermal storage electric boiler first converts electrical energy into heat energy for storage, and when needed, releases the stored heat energy and outputs steam or hot water to the outside. Cold supply: The steam-driven absorption refrigerator outputs cold energy to the outside. Gas supply: Electric air compressors consume electricity to generate compressed air; steam-powered air compressors use steam to drive steam turbines and push compressors to generate compressed air.

(2) The fuel cell can flexibly adjust the output of electric energy and heat energy, and is complementary to the coupling of the renewable energy power generation system. It is also equipped with an energy storage system, which can improve the utilization rate of the renewable energy power generation system. ;

(3) The system includes an energy storage system and a heat storage electric boiler, which can easily adjust the output of electric energy, heat energy and cold energy. The system has both a pneumatic air compressor and an electric air compressor, which can easily adjust the output of compressed air.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention.

In the figure, 1 is a fuel cell, 2 is a renewable energy power generation system, 3 is a waste heat boiler, 4 is a steam turbine, 5 is a generator, 6 is an energy storage device, 7 is a thermal storage electric boiler, and 8 is a steam-driven air compressor. 9 is an electric air compressor, and 10 is an absorption refrigerating machine.

detailed description

The implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and examples.

As shown in Figure 1, a fuel cell-based electric heating and air-conditioning multi-energy complementary energy supply system includes a fuel cell 1, a renewable energy power generation system 2, a waste heat boiler 3, a steam turbine 4, a generator 5, an energy storage device 6, a storage Thermoelectric boiler 7, steam-driven air compressor 8, electric air compressor 9 and absorption refrigerator 10. The fuel cell 1 is a high-temperature fuel cell, including a molten carbonate fuel cell and a solid oxide fuel cell. The renewable energy power generation system 2 includes a solar power generation system, a wind power generation system, a hydroelectric power generation system, an ocean energy power generation system and a geothermal power generation system.

System Connection Instructions:

The exhaust gas outlet of the fuel cell 1 is connected with the flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler 3 . The steam generated by the waste heat boiler 3 enters two main pipes respectively, and the first steam main pipe is connected with the steam inlet of the steam turbine 4 . The turbine rotation shaft of the steam turbine 4 is connected with the rotor rotation shaft of the generator 5 . The second steam main pipe of the waste heat boiler 3 is connected with the steam inlet of the steam-driven air compressor 8, also connected with the steam inlet of the absorption refrigerator 10, and connected with the steam inlet of the heat user at the same time. The power output terminals of the fuel cell 1, the renewable energy power generation system 2, the generator 5 and the energy storage device 6 are connected to the same power supply bus. The thermal storage electric boiler 7 is electrically connected to the power supply bus. The steam outlet of the heat storage electric boiler 7 is connected with the second steam main pipe of the waste heat boiler 3 . The hot water outlet of the thermal storage electric boiler 7 is connected with the hot water main pipe. The electric air compressor 9 is electrically connected to the power supply bus. The compressed air outlets of the pneumatic air compressor 8 and the electric air compressor 9 are connected with the same compressed air main pipe.

System operation instructions:

Natural gas and air enter the fuel cell 1, undergo oxidation-reduction reactions, and output electric energy to the outside. The high-temperature flue gas generated by the chemical reaction is discharged from the tail gas outlet of the fuel cell 1 and enters the waste heat boiler 3 to heat the boiler feed water and generate steam. The steam generated by the waste heat boiler 3 enters two steam main pipes respectively. The first steam enters the steam turbine 4 to drive the turbine to rotate. The turbine rotation shaft of the steam turbine 4 is connected with the rotor rotation shaft of the generator 5, and the steam turbine 4 rotates Drive the rotor of the generator 5 to rotate and output electric energy to the outside. After the second stream of steam from the waste heat boiler 3 enters the steam-driven air compressor 8, it drives the steam-driven air compressor 8 to rotate to generate compressed air for external supply. The steam enters the absorption refrigerating machine 10 to generate refrigerant water for external supply. The steam inlet to the heat user supplies heat to the heat user.

The power output ends of the fuel cell 1, the renewable energy power generation system 2, the generator 5 and the energy storage device 6 are connected to the same power supply bus to provide power for users. The energy storage device 6 stores electric energy during low power consumption periods, and releases the stored electric energy during peak power consumption periods to realize external power supply. The thermal storage electric boiler 7 is electrically connected to the power supply bus. During the low power consumption period, the thermal storage electric boiler 7 converts electric energy into thermal energy for storage, and releases the stored thermal energy during the peak heating period to generate hot water or steam. The thermal storage electric boiler 7 takes electricity from the power supply bus, heats the feed water, and generates steam or hot water, and the generated steam enters the second steam main pipe of the waste heat boiler 3 . The hot water produced enters the hot water main pipe and is provided to heat users. The electric air compressor 9 is electrically connected to the power supply bus, takes power from the power supply bus, generates compressed air, and supplies it to the outside. The compressed air produced by the steam-driven air compressor 8 and the electric air compressor 9 enters the same compressed air main pipe to supply compressed air to the outside. The steam-driven air compressor 8 and the electric air compressor 9 complement each other and also serve as backups for each other.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only to illustrate the technical concept and characteristics of the present invention, and the purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. The energy supplying system 1. a kind of electric heating cold air based on fuel cell is provided multiple forms of energy to complement each other, it is characterised in that：Including fuel cell (1), The offgas outlet of fuel cell (1) is connected with the smoke inlet of waste heat boiler (3), the steam (vapor) outlet connection two of waste heat boiler (3) Road steam main, first via steam main is connected with the air intake of steam turbine (4), and the turbine rotary shaft of steam turbine (4) is with generating electricity The rotor shaft of machine (5) is connected, the second road steam main of waste heat boiler (3) and the air intake of steam-operating air compressor (8) It is connected, also the air intake with Absorption Refrigerator (10) is connected, while being connected with the steam inlet of heat user；Fuel cell (1), The electric energy output end of renewable energy system (2), generator (5) and energy storage device (6) is connected to same power supply buses, Thermal storage electric boiler (7) is electrically connected with the power supply buses, steam (vapor) outlet and the waste heat boiler (3) of thermal storage electric boiler (7) Second road steam main connection, the hot water outlet of thermal storage electric boiler (7) and the hot water main pipe of heat user are connected；Electric air compresses Machine (9) is electrically connected with the power supply buses, the compressed air outlet of steam-operating air compressor (8) and electric air compressor (9) It is connected with same compressed air main pipe, steam-operating air compressor (8) and electric air compressor (9) complement each other, also each other It is standby.
2. The energy supplying system 2. the electric heating cold air according to claim 1 based on fuel cell is provided multiple forms of energy to complement each other, it is characterised in that：Institute Fuel cell (1) is stated for high-temperature fuel cell, including molten carbonate fuel cell and SOFC.
3. The energy supplying system 3. the electric heating cold air according to claim 1 based on fuel cell is provided multiple forms of energy to complement each other, it is characterised in that：Institute Stating renewable energy system (2) includes solar power system, wind generator system, hydroelectric power system, ocean energy hair Electric system and system for geothermal production of electricity.
4. The energy supplying system 4. the electric heating cold air according to claim 1 based on fuel cell is provided multiple forms of energy to complement each other, it is characterised in that：Institute Stating energy storage device (6) has the effect for storing and discharging electric energy, including compression air energy-storing apparatus and battery system.
5. The energy supply side of energy supplying system 5. the electric heating cold air based on fuel cell described in any one of Claims 1-4 is provided multiple forms of energy to complement each other Method, it is characterised in that：Natural gas and air incoming fuel battery (1), occur redox reaction, externally export electric energy, chemistry The high-temperature flue gas produced is reacted, waste heat boiler (3) is escaped and enter by the offgas outlet of fuel cell (1), heating boiler feed water, Produce steam；Steam produced by waste heat boiler (3) respectively enters two-way steam main, first via steam main and steam turbine (4) air intake is connected, and steam enters steam turbine (4), promotes turbine rotation, the turbine rotary shaft and generator of steam turbine (4) (5) rotor shaft is connected, and the rotation of steam turbine (4) turbine drives the rotor rotation of generator (5), externally exports electric energy；It is remaining Second road steam of heat boiler (3) enters after steam-operating air compressor (8), driving steam-operating air compressor (8) rotation, produces pressure Contracting air, externally supply, the second road steam enters Absorption Refrigerator (10), chilled water is produced, externally supply, while the second tunnel The steam inlet that steam enters heat user is heat user heat supply；Fuel cell (1), renewable energy system (2), generator (5) and the electric energy output end of energy storage device (6) is connected to same power supply buses, electric energy is provided the user；Energy storage device (6) exists During low power consumption, by electrical power storage, during peak of power consumption, the electric energy of storage is discharged, supplying power for outside is realized；Accumulation of heat grill pan Stove (7) is electrically connected with the power supply buses, during low power consumption, and thermal storage electric boiler (7) converts electrical energy into thermal energy storage, heat supply Peak period, the heat energy of storage is discharged, and produces hot water or steam；Thermal storage electric boiler (7) is heated from the power supply buses power taking Feedwater, produces steam or hot water, and the steam of generation enters the second road steam main of the waste heat boiler (3), the heat of generation Water enters hot water main pipe, and there is provided used to heat user；Electric air compressor (9) is electrically connected with the power supply buses, from described Power supply buses power taking, produces compressed air, externally supply；Produced by steam-operating air compressor (8) and electric air compressor (9) Compressed air enter same compressed air main pipe, externally supply compressed air.