CN107268761B - Surface mine partition type bench energy dissipation relay drainage system and method - Google Patents
Surface mine partition type bench energy dissipation relay drainage system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107268761B CN107268761B CN201710673509.6A CN201710673509A CN107268761B CN 107268761 B CN107268761 B CN 107268761B CN 201710673509 A CN201710673509 A CN 201710673509A CN 107268761 B CN107268761 B CN 107268761B
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- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/14—Devices for separating liquid or solid substances from sewage, e.g. sand or sludge traps, rakes or grates
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/22—Adaptations of pumping plants for lifting sewage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Sewage (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
Abstract
A regional bench energy dissipation relay drainage system and method for an open pit mine, wherein the drainage system comprises: the drainage system and the drainage method are characterized in that an original single-platform construction water intercepting ditch method is changed into a sequential bench relay connection mode of a plurality of adjacent platforms on the basis of fully utilizing the characteristics of a high-step wide platform of a large open pit, and an original single-layer single-area water collecting mode is designed into a multi-layer multi-partition water collecting mode. The drainage system and the drainage method effectively inhibit the phenomena of retention, overflow and side slope flushing in the intercepting ditch of the large-scale strip mine; greatly improving the intercepting and draining capacity of the intercepting ditch; the differential configuration of the drainage equipment of each stage of pump station is successfully realized, the percentage of mud, impurities and the like in water is obviously reduced, and meanwhile, the connotation and the functions of an open-air drainage system are enriched.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a novel drainage technology of a large-scale strip mine, belongs to the field of drainage systems of the strip mine, and particularly relates to a specific arrangement method of intercepting ditches of each platform of the strip mine, which is suitable for the integral optimization design of intercepting and drainage systems of the large-scale and extra-large-scale strip mine.
Background
The intercepting ditches in the mining pit of the strip mine are mainly used for intercepting the surface runoffs above the corresponding intercepting ditch construction platform, so that the surface runoffs are prevented from directly flowing to the bottom sump of the bottommost pit of the mining pit along the side slope, and the intercepting of the surface runoffs is orderly carried out in layers through the intercepting ditches of each level, so that the pumping lift of drainage can be reduced, and the scouring of the surface runoffs to the side slope can be slowed down.
Currently, strip mines below a medium-scale production scale, such as: the mine with the circumference of the closed ring below 1.5km can be constructed by adopting a common traditional water interception ditch construction mode, namely, water interception ditches are arranged on each single wide platform, and the water interception ditches can realize the functions of water interception and water drainage. However, large surface mines, especially very large strip mines, can have a perimeter of the closed loop of substantially 3-4km or more, and some or even 10km or more, due to the large size of the openings at the boundaries. According to the rule of nonferrous metal mining design Specification GB 50771-2012 that the gradient of the intercepting ditch is not less than 3 per mill, taking a closed ring of 5-10km as an example, the net depth of the intercepting ditch can reach 7.5-15m, and the section of the intercepting ditch is huge, so that the intercepting ditch meeting the drainage gradient cannot be built at all. Thus, it is now true that, for large and very large strip mines, very gentle and even water intercepting ditches are built by taking the slope of the drainage of the ditches to make it possible to build the intercepting ditches.
Due to the defect and imperfect function of the intercepting ditches, all catchments are collected to the bottom sump of the mining pit after flushing the side slope from top to bottom, on one hand, each level of drainage pump station is required to be selected according to the total drainage amount of the strip mine, and the differentiated configuration of drainage equipment of each level of drainage pump station is difficult to realize, so that the investment and drainage cost of the drainage equipment are increased, and in addition, rainwater is not clarified and separated and carries a large amount of sediment, so that the workload and equipment loss of the drainage pump are increased; on the other hand, the overflow of the intercepting ditch and the water retention phenomenon in the ditch are serious, the side slope is seriously washed, hidden danger is caused for the safety of the side slope of the open pit, the maintenance cost of the side slope is correspondingly increased suddenly, and meanwhile, the side slope angle value of the final boundary of most open mines is biased to be conservative, so that the rock stripping amount and the stripping cost are greatly increased, and the design value of the side slope angle of the open pit in China is generally conservative to one of the main sources of developed mining countries.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, in order to better solve the problems encountered in drainage of strip mines, particularly extra-large strip mines, the invention aims to provide a regional bench energy dissipation relay drainage system and method for the strip mines.
To achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by:
the utility model provides a surface mine subregion bench energy dissipation relay drainage system which characterized in that includes:
the layered subareas are provided with a plurality of single-section intercepting ditches on the mining platform in a stepped relay mode, the single-section intercepting ditches are used for intercepting surface runoffs above the intercepting ditches, the surface runoffs are orderly and rapidly collected to a pump pool of a drainage pump station of the present stage, and finally the surface runoffs are discharged to a sewage treatment station or other receiving facilities outside the pit through drainage equipment;
the front end of the single-section intercepting ditch is provided with an energy dissipation clarification tank for buffering potential energy of water flow and clarifying muddy impurities in the water;
a water collecting tank is arranged at the tail end of the single-section water intercepting ditch and is used for collecting water collected by the water intercepting ditch of the section;
the two adjacent single-section water intercepting ditches are connected through a bench relay drain pipe and the transfer of running water, and two ends of the bench relay drain pipe are respectively connected with a water collecting tank of the upper-section water intercepting ditch and an energy dissipation clarification tank of the lower-section water intercepting ditch; the bench relay drain pipe is obliquely arranged along the side slope;
overflow connectors which are respectively connected with the single-section intercepting ditch and the bench relay drain pipe are reserved at two ends of the top of the water collecting tank;
and two ends of the energy dissipation clarification tank are provided with connectors of the water drainage pipe connected with the bench and the single-section water intercepting ditch.
Further, the water conservancy gradient of the single-section water interception ditch is more than 3 per mill, and the inner wall of the single-section water interception ditch adopts one or more of grout rubble, plain concrete and plastic impermeable cloth to conduct lining and wall protection.
Furthermore, the bench relay drain pipe adopts an energy dissipation drain pipe with an energy dissipation function to be matched with the energy dissipation clarification tank, so that the functions of buffering potential energy and clarifying muddy impurities in water are further achieved.
Further, the energy dissipation clarifier can be designed in a sinking mode or an overground mode.
Further, the energy dissipation separation wall and the clarification overflow separation screen which are arranged in the middle part in the energy dissipation clarification tank are used for buffering potential energy generated by flowing water in the bench relay drainage pipe from top to bottom and separating sundries in water and clarifying water quality.
The regional bench energy dissipation relay drainage method for the surface mine is characterized in that each single-section water interception ditch in a mining pit is used for intercepting water in each water collection area, secondly, each single-section water interception ditch orderly flows towards each graded pump station, after the water collected in each single-section water interception ditch is collected and clarified through a water collection pool, the water collection pool flows to a bench relay drain pipe in an overflow mode, the bench relay drain pipe flows to a lower platform energy dissipation clarification tank by potential energy, after clarification, flows to the next single-section water interception ditch in an overflow mode, and the steps are repeated until the graded pump station is collected in a pool, and finally the water is pumped to an out-pit sewage treatment station or other water receiving facilities by pumping equipment.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
a regional bench energy dissipation relay drainage system for a surface mine enables the water conservancy gradient of a large-scale surface mine intercepting ditch to meet the design specification requirement, can be adjusted according to water collecting quantity and above 3 per mill of design specification standard, and can design an original extremely gentle slope or flat slope into a steep slope. Thus, the function of the intercepting drain is significantly improved. And the catchment above the intercepting ditch platform does not flow towards the pit bottom of the stope, so that the drainage of the pumping stations below except the uppermost 1-stage drainage pumping station is effectively reduced, and the differential configuration of drainage equipment of the pumping stations is realized. In addition, the pumping lift of overflow water which cannot be caught by the prior intercepting ditch is saved from top to bottom, so that the investment of drainage equipment and the expenditure of daily drainage cost are effectively reduced. Meanwhile, in the traditional construction mode, the phenomena of water retention, large-area overflow, overflow and the like in the intercepting ditch exist for a long time, so that the phenomenon that the side slope is washed by rainwater and overflow water is effectively restrained, the side slope is greatly reduced, and the side slope stability is obviously improved. In turn, due to the appearance of the novel drainage system, the design value of the final slope angle of the mining pit can be improved to a certain extent, so that the rock stripping amount and the stripping cost are correspondingly reduced.
In addition, the water collecting tank and the energy dissipation clarification tank are matched with the single-section water intercepting ditch, and have the functions of collecting rainwater, buffering potential energy and clarifying water quality, so that the deposition of impurities and silt in each single-section water intercepting ditch is obviously reduced, most of impurities and turbid matters contained in water are concentrated in the water collecting tank and the energy dissipation clarification tank for sedimentation and sedimentation, and the dredging work of the water intercepting ditch can be basically avoided. In addition, the sludge in the water collecting tank and the energy dissipation clarification tank can be reclaimed for nearby slopes after being mixed with grass seeds and fertilizers for simple pulping, thereby skillfully playing the roles of reducing water and soil loss, stabilizing the slopes and beautifying the environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a general schematic of a surface mine zoned bench energy dissipation relay drainage system;
FIG. 2 shows a partial schematic view of a surface mine zoned bench energy dissipation relay drainage system;
in the figure, the water intercepting ditch comprises a 1-single section, a 2-water collecting tank, a 3-bench relay drain pipe, a 4-energy dissipation clarification tank, a 5-drain pipe, a 6-classification pump station, a 7-energy dissipation partition wall and an 8-clarification overflow partition screen.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
preferred embodiments of the present invention will be further described below, for example:
FIG. 1 shows a section 1A of a water interception ditch, which is a pump station of a 1 st stage;
FIG. 1 shows a section 3C of a water interception ditch, which is a pump station of a 3 rd stage;
in FIG. 1, a section 1B of a water intercepting ditch, a section 2A of the water intercepting ditch and broken lines in the diagram form a regional catchment unit, and the whole strip mine catchment consists of each regional catchment unit;
an open mine zoned bench energy dissipation relay drainage system comprising: the layered partition is provided with a plurality of single-section intercepting ditches 1 which are arranged on the mining platform in a stepped relay mode; the single-section intercepting ditch 1 is used for intercepting surface runoffs above the intercepting ditch, orderly and quickly collecting the surface runoffs to a pump pool of a pump station of the present stage, and finally discharging the surface runoffs to a sewage treatment station or other receiving facilities outside the pit through a drain pipe 5 and a classification pump station 6; the front end of the single-section intercepting ditch 1 is provided with an energy dissipation clarification tank 4 for buffering potential energy of water flow and clarifying muddy impurities in the water; the tail end of the single-section intercepting ditch 1 is provided with a water collecting tank 2 for collecting water collected by the intercepting ditch of the section, two adjacent single-section intercepting ditches 1 are connected through a bench relay drain pipe 3 and the transfer of running water, and two ends of the bench relay drain pipe 3 are respectively connected with the water collecting tank 2 of the intercepting ditch of the upper section and the energy dissipation clarification tank 4 of the intercepting ditch of the lower section; the bench relay drain pipe 3 is obliquely arranged along the side slope; overflow connectors which are respectively arranged at the two ends of the top of the water collecting tank 2 and are connected with the single-section water intercepting ditch 1 and the bench relay drain pipe 3; and two ends of the energy dissipation clarification tank 4 are provided with connectors for the relay drainage pipe 3 and the single-section intercepting ditch 1.
The single-section intercepting ditch 1 can ensure that the water conservancy gradient is more than 3 per mill, is designed based on the water conservancy gradient, and the length and the section size of the single-section intercepting ditch 1 are designed, so that the water collecting quantity of the intercepting ditch is considered, and the engineering quantity of the intercepting ditch is optimized according to the factors such as the length, the engineering quantity and the water collecting quantity of other intercepting ditches of the stage. In addition, the inner wall of the single-section intercepting ditch 1 is preferably lined and protected by one or more of grout rubble, plain concrete, plastic impermeable cloth and the like.
The bench relay drain pipe 3 adopts an energy dissipation drain pipe with an energy dissipation function to be matched with the energy dissipation clarification tank 4 so as to further play a role in buffering potential energy and clarifying muddy impurities in water; the energy dissipation clarifier 4 can be designed in a sinking mode or an overground mode.
The energy dissipation partition wall 7 and the clarification overflow partition screen 8 are arranged in the middle part in the energy dissipation clarification tank and used for buffering potential energy generated by flowing water in the bench relay drainage pipe from top to bottom and separating sundries in water and clarifying water quality.
Referring specifically to fig. 1-2, a typical class 4 relay drainage for large strip mines is illustrated. The following are provided:
during rainfall, firstly, each single-section intercepting ditch 1 in a mining pit is used for intercepting catchments in respective catchment areas, secondly, each single-section intercepting ditch 1 orderly flows towards each grading pump station 6, catchments in the single-section intercepting ditches 1 are collected and clarified in a concentrated mode through a catchment pool 2 of the platform, the catchment pool 2 flows to a bench relay drain pipe 3 in an overflow mode, flowing water in the bench relay drain pipe 3 flows to a lower platform energy dissipation clarification tank 4 by potential energy, the bench relay drain pipe 3 can be an energy dissipation drain pipe, an energy dissipation isolation wall 7 arranged in the middle part in the energy dissipation clarification tank 4 is used for buffering potential energy generated by flowing water in the bench relay drain pipe 3 from top to bottom, besides, the energy dissipation isolation wall 7 clarifies the overflow isolation sieve 8 together to play a role in clarifying muddy sundries in water, and then flows to the next single-section intercepting ditch in an overflow mode after clarification, and is repeated in such a manner until the grading pump station 6 is finally pumped to a sewage treatment station or other water receiving facilities outside the pit by pumping equipment.
The catchment pool 2 and the energy dissipation clarifier 4 arranged by the single-section intercepting ditches 1 have repeated clarification effects on catchments, the sedimentation of the muddy impurities contained in the flowing water of the single-section intercepting ditches is obviously reduced, and on the contrary, the sludge formed by the muddy impurities is collected in the catchment pool 2 and the energy dissipation clarifier 4 in a concentrated manner. On one hand, complex and heavy ditch cleaning workload is solved, on the other hand, after mud in the pool is made into slurry by mixing seeds and fertilizers, the nearby side slope can be reclaimed, and the effects of reducing water and soil loss, stabilizing the side slope and beautifying the environment are skillfully achieved.
The foregoing is merely a preferred and non-limiting example of the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and it is intended that the invention encompass such changes and modifications as fall within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a surface mine subregion bench energy dissipation relay drainage system which characterized in that includes:
the system comprises a plurality of single-section intercepting ditches which are arranged on a mining platform in a stepped relay mode, wherein the single-section intercepting ditches are used for intercepting surface runoffs above the intercepting ditches, orderly and quickly converging the surface runoffs to a pump pool of a drainage pump station of the present stage, and finally draining the surface runoffs to a sewage treatment station or other receiving facilities outside a pit through drainage equipment;
the front end of the single-section intercepting ditch is provided with an energy dissipation clarification tank for buffering potential energy of water flow and clarifying muddy impurities in the water;
a water collecting tank is arranged at the tail end of the single-section water intercepting ditch and is used for collecting water collected by the water intercepting ditch of the section;
two adjacent single-section water intercepting ditches are connected through a bench relay drain pipe and the transfer of running water, and two ends of the bench relay drain pipe are respectively connected with a water collecting tank of an upper-section water intercepting ditch and an energy dissipation clarification tank of a lower-section water intercepting ditch; the bench relay drain pipe is obliquely arranged along the side slope;
overflow connectors which are respectively connected with the single-section intercepting ditch and the bench relay drain pipe are reserved at two ends of the top of the water collecting tank;
two ends of the energy dissipation clarification tank are provided with connectors of a relay drain pipe with a bench and a single-section water intercepting ditch;
the water conservancy gradient of the single-section water interception ditch is more than 3 per mill, and the inner wall of the single-section water interception ditch is lined and protected by one or more of grout rubble, plain concrete and plastic impermeable cloth;
the bench relay drain pipe adopts an energy dissipation drain pipe with an energy dissipation function.
2. The surface mine zoned bench energy dissipation relay drainage system of claim 1, wherein the energy dissipation clarifier is designed to be either submerged or above ground.
3. The surface mine zoned bench energy dissipation relay drainage system of claim 1, wherein the energy dissipation separation wall and the clarification overflow separation screen are arranged in the middle part in the energy dissipation clarification tank.
4. A method for draining energy dissipation relay of a zoned bench of a surface mine, which adopts the drainage system of any one of claims 1-3, and is characterized in that each single-section intercepting ditch in a mining pit is used for intercepting catchments of respective catchments, secondly, each single-section intercepting ditch orderly flows towards each grading pump station, the catchments in the single-section intercepting ditches flow to a bench relay drain pipe in an overflow mode after being collected and clarified by a collecting pond, the bench relay drain pipe flowing water flows to a lower platform energy dissipation clarification tank by potential energy sequence, and flows to the next single-section intercepting ditch in an overflow mode after being clarified, and the steps are repeated until the grading pump station collecting pond is finally pumped to an out-pit sewage treatment station or other water receiving facilities by pumping equipment.
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| CN201710673509.6A CN107268761B (en) | 2017-08-09 | 2017-08-09 | Surface mine partition type bench energy dissipation relay drainage system and method |
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| CN201710673509.6A CN107268761B (en) | 2017-08-09 | 2017-08-09 | Surface mine partition type bench energy dissipation relay drainage system and method |
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| CN109882178B (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2021-06-29 | 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究总院股份有限公司 | Strip mine sectional drainage method |
| MY198797A (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2023-09-27 | Kim Wone Tai | Method for covering open mine area in the mitigation of abandoned mine drainage formation and system thereof |
| CN111963177B (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2025-08-15 | 中国冶金科工股份有限公司 | Open pit filled by multiple areas with high fall and filling method |
| CN114232766A (en) * | 2022-01-06 | 2022-03-25 | 国家能源集团国源电力有限公司 | Open-pit mine field |
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