CN107258394B - Intelligent plant growth experimental device and temperature regulation and control method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent plant growth experiment device, comprising a first cultivation room, a second cultivation room, a water-cooled LED surface light source, a control system, a cover plate, a public air-conditioned room, a _CO2 fertilization device, a compressor, and a fertilizer barrel , water tank, etc. The device adopts compressor cooling and PTC heating, and recycles the heat generated by the LED light source to control the temperature of the public air-conditioned room. The temperature is controlled by controlling the public air-conditioning room. The temperature of the room is regulated by the flow and speed of the fan in the cultivation room, which can realize the independent management of the temperature of the cultivation room. The invention also discloses the temperature control method of the above-mentioned intelligent plant growth experimental device, which is reasonable in design, convenient in use, and effectively realizes the temperature control of the device.

Description

Intelligent plant growth experimental device and its temperature control method

technical field

The invention belongs to the fields of intelligent agricultural equipment and energy-saving management, and particularly relates to an intelligent plant growth experiment device and a temperature control method thereof.

Background technique

Cultivating new varieties is an important means for human beings to improve existing varieties, adapt to environmental changes, and improve species resistance. Appropriate artificial experimental devices for plant growth experiments can speed up the growth process. Exploring an artificial environment suitable for plant growth requires a lot of scientific experiments, and it is necessary to have artificial facilities to precisely control environmental factors such as light and temperature. Therefore, there is a large demand market and potential demand space for intelligent plant growth devices. With the development of aerospace technology, people on earth are exploring outer space more and more frequently, and astronauts' food supply system in outer space also needs such a planting device. Likewise, home planting demand is also a potential market for smart plant growth experimental devices.

Light and temperature are the two most important environmental factors in the process of plant life, and the two have a coupling relationship, and affect the growth and development of plants by mutual stimulation, complementarity or mutual inhibition. At the same time, light and temperature are also the main energy consumption factors of the artificial light experimental device. Rational use of the thermal management of the light source can effectively reduce the electrical energy consumption of the plant growth experimental device. Compared with other traditional light sources, based on the advantages of low energy consumption, LEDs have become the mainstream light sources for plant growth experimental devices. However, many plant growth experimental devices still have the problem that the spectrum and light quantity cannot meet the needs of plants, and the flexibility of light regulation is insufficient. The traditional plant growth experimental device generally has only one cultivation room, which has shortcomings such as low equipment utilization rate and poor temperature stability, which affects the regulation accuracy of environmental factors, and affects the accuracy of the experiment and equipment utilization rate. Energy-saving plant growth experimental devices need to be roll out.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Purpose of the invention: In view of the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, the present application provides an intelligent plant growth based on light-temperature coupling management, equipped with light, temperature, water, gas, and fertilizer control systems, with high equipment utilization efficiency and energy saving The experimental device also provides a temperature control method for the above-mentioned intelligent plant growth experimental device.

Technical solution: The intelligent plant growth experimental device described in this application includes:

Bracket, play the role of installation support;

The box body is placed in the front part of the bracket, and the box body is provided with a first cultivation room and a second cultivation room. The configuration of the first cultivation room and the second cultivation room is exactly the same, and a cultivation rack is placed inside, and the cultivation rack is placed on the cultivation rack. There is a cultivation tank for planting plants, and a water-cooled LED surface light source is provided above the cultivation tank;

The control system is placed on the top of the box;

Cover plate, placed above the box;

The public air-conditioned room includes an air supply chamber formed between the first cultivation chamber and the second cultivation chamber, and between the cultivation chamber and the box body, and a return air chamber formed between the cover plate and the box body, An air inlet and an air outlet, wherein a transducer is arranged between the return air chamber and the air supply chamber, and the air supply chamber is provided with a PTC heater and a radiator connected with a water-cooled LED light source cooling water circuit, the air inlet The air outlet and the air outlet are provided with fans;

The CO ₂ fertilizing device, compressor, fertilizer bucket and water tank are arranged at the rear of the bracket; the CO ₂ fertilizing device, compressor, fertilizer bucket and water tank are directly connected with the two cultivation chambers through pipes, and directly through the control system. regulation;

The water cooling system of the LED surface light source is connected to the water tank through pipes, and the pipes between the water cooling system of the LED surface light source and the water tank are also connected in parallel with branch pipes of the radiator.

Install heat sources such as PTC heaters and radiators in the air supply room of the public air-conditioned room, and carry out comprehensive management of multiple heat sources, which can make the temperature distribution of the cultivation room more uniform. Further preferably, the PTC heater and the radiator are arranged in the air supply chamber formed between the first cultivation chamber and the second cultivation chamber, so that the heat source is located at the beginning of the air circulation, so as to achieve efficient comprehensive utilization.

As another preference, in order to independently manage the temperature of the first cultivation room and the second cultivation room, a partition is provided between the first cultivation room and the second cultivation room, and the left and right sides of the partition are respectively provided Inlet.

The cover plate is detachably placed on the top of the box to achieve isolation from the external environment and play a role of dust isolation and protection.

The fan is an axial flow fan, and a pulse width modulation (PWM) mode is used to control the wind speed of the fan. The fan adopts the PWM control mode, and the working state of the fan and the PTC heater is regulated according to the temperature control difference between the real-time temperature and the set temperature. Rotating speed. Such a control method can avoid problems such as large fluctuations in temperature control and affect the service life of the equipment, and can reduce the emergency response of plants to temperature.

The water-cooled LED surface light source is a multi-color high-power LED, which consists of five spectrums of red, blue, yellow, green and white, wherein the LEDs are arranged in array units, and the light source can be configured with a suitable LED array according to the cultivation area of the cultivation room. It can realize flexible adjustment of spectrum, light energy and illumination time, and the heat generated by the LED chip can be recycled as needed.

The bottom surface of the bracket is provided with rollers, which can facilitate the movement of the entire device.

The intelligent plant growth experiment device further includes a man-machine dialogue panel, through which the user can set parameters or obtain real-time and historical data.

Working principle: The above-mentioned intelligent plant growth experimental device is a top-send side-return circulation air supply mode, as shown in Figure 3. The transducer sends the fresh air into the air supply room of the public air-conditioning room, and there are multiple heat sources in the air supply room. After the comprehensive management, the fan of the corresponding cultivation room is turned on or off according to the demand, the air is pumped into the corresponding cultivation room, and returned to the return air room after circulation; Replacement, and then configure them according to the temperature management requirements. When the air in the public air-conditioned room needs to be heated, open the pipeline connecting the radiator, and lead the hot water after the heat replacement through the pipeline to the radiator of the public air-conditioned room, and then into the water tank. ; Otherwise, lead directly to the water tank to reduce the energy consumption for temperature control in the public air-conditioning room.

The temperature control method of the above-mentioned intelligent plant growth experimental device, comprising the following steps:

Step 1, set control deviations α, β, θ; wherein, α and β are the control deviations of the set temperature of the first cultivation room and the second cultivation room respectively, and θ is the real-time temperature regulation of the public air-conditioned room and the cultivation room Deviation, users can set according to their needs;

Step 2, collect the outdoor real-time temperature T ₀ , the first cultivation room real-time temperature T _1i , the second cultivation room real-time temperature T _2i and the public air-conditioned room real-time temperature T _Gi , set the first cultivation room set temperature T _1S and the second The set temperature T _2S of the cultivation room;

Step 3, compare the set temperatures of the two cultivation rooms, when T _1S ≥ T _2S , compare T _Gi with the set temperatures of the two cultivation rooms:

When T _2S ≤ T _Gi ≤ T _1S , the temperature of the cultivation room with the small absolute value of the temperature difference is firstly adjusted, and then the temperature of the other cultivation room is adjusted. When heating is required, PTC heating is used and the heat generated by the LED light source is used. Compressor cooling is used when cooling is required;

When T _Gi < T _2S < T _1S , the PTC heater is preferentially used and the heat generated by the LED light source is used to heat and control the temperature of the second cultivation room. When the temperature of the second cultivation room reaches the set temperature, continue to heat and adjust The temperature of the first cultivation room is until the set temperature is reached;

When T _2S < T _1S < T _Gi , the temperature of the first cultivation room is preferably regulated by compressor refrigeration, and then continues to be refrigerated, and then the temperature of the second cultivation room is regulated;

Or, when T _1S < T _2S , the control strategy is the same as the above steps, only the order of regulating the temperature of the first cultivation room and the second cultivation room has changed, so the relevant control steps are omitted.

The specific process is shown in Figure 4, wherein the cultivation room 1 is the first cultivation room, and the cultivation room 2 is the second cultivation room.

The invention determines the temperature control method according to the difference between the set temperature of the public air-conditioning room and the two cultivation rooms, and selects the temperature of the cultivation room with the smaller temperature difference between the set temperature and the public air-conditioning room firstly, based on the principle of minimum energy consumption, Then, the temperature of another cultivation room is regulated to achieve the purpose of energy-saving control. In addition, a public air-conditioned room is used to reduce energy consumption for temperature control. When the set temperatures of the two cultivation chambers are both lower than or higher than the outdoor temperature, the energy consumption of temperature regulation is less than the energy consumption of two one-chamber intelligent plant growth experimental devices that achieve the same control requirements. If the set temperatures of the two cultivation chambers are T _1S and T _2S respectively, the energy consumption of the plant growth experimental device in cultivation chamber 1 is ΔE ₁ when the temperature is adjusted to the set temperature T _1S , and the energy consumption when the temperature is adjusted to the set temperature T _2S is ΔE ₂ , the energy consumption for temperature regulation of the two chambers is only ΔE ₂ . When the outdoor temperature is between the set temperatures of the two cultivation rooms, theoretically, the energy consumption for temperature regulation of this experimental device should be slightly larger, which should be equal to ΔE ₁ +ΔE ₂ +ΔE, and the increment is ΔE, which is set to The heat generated when the temperature of the training room with a small temperature difference between the fixed temperature and the public air conditioning is adjusted to the set temperature. However, compared with the one-room plant growth experimental device, the control temperature difference of the present invention is small, because the traditional one-room plant growth experimental device controls the temperature difference to be the difference between the outdoor temperature and the set temperature of the cultivation room, and the present invention controls the temperature difference value. It is the temperature difference between the public air-conditioned room and the cultivation room. In addition, due to the buffering effect of the public air-conditioning room, the overall heat dissipation of the device is greatly reduced, the heat preservation of the cultivation room is improved, and the number of heating or cooling is less, so the total operating energy consumption is substantially reduced.

The parts not involved in the present invention are the same as the prior art or can be implemented by using the prior art.

Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the intelligent plant growth experimental device described in this application includes the following advantages: (1) By designing a public air-conditioned room and installing the heat source in the air supply room, the comprehensive management of multiple heat sources is realized, By managing the temperature of the air-conditioned room and the speed of the fan, the temperature of the cultivation room can be independently managed, and the air flow and flow rate entering each cultivation room can be precisely controlled, realizing an energy-saving temperature control method; (2) Using a water-cooled LED surface light source, and recycle its heat energy, evenly mix the hot and cold air flow, make the temperature and humidity of the air entering the cultivation room more uniform, reduce the temperature emergency response of plants; (3) set up two cultivation rooms, share most of the equipment, improve the Comprehensive utilization efficiency of equipment. The temperature control method of the intelligent plant growth experimental device described in the present application is designed based on the energy saving target, which not only effectively realizes the temperature control of the device, but also reduces the energy consumption for temperature control. In general, this device is based on light-temperature coupling management, equipped with light, temperature, water, gas, and fertilizer control systems, and has many advantages such as equipment saving, low energy consumption, and good temperature stability. This experimental device can be used for environmental changes. The research of growth and development effects or the cultivation of breeding can also become the plant cultivation of the outer space food supply system for astronauts, and can also be used for home cultivation.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent plant growth experiment device (wherein A is a front view, and B is a side view);

Fig. 2 is the LED lamp arrangement diagram of the water-cooled LED surface light source;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of airflow circulation of intelligent plant growth experiment device;

FIG. 4 is a partial example flow chart of a temperature control method in a cultivation room.

Among them, the bracket 1, the box body 2, the first cultivation chamber 3, the second cultivation chamber 4, the cultivation rack 5, the cultivation tank 6, the water-cooled LED surface light source 7, the control system 8, the cover plate 9, the air supply chamber 10, Return air chamber 11, air inlet 12, air outlet 13, transducer 14, PTC heater 15, radiator 16, _CO2 fertilization device 17, compressor 18, fertilizer bucket 19, water tank 20, partition 21, roller 22 , the man-machine dialogue panel 23.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

Example 1

The intelligent plant growth experiment device shown in FIG. 1 includes a bracket 1 for installation and support, a box body 2 placed in front of the bracket 1, and a first cultivation room 3 and a second cultivation room 3 are arranged in the box body 2 Room 4, wherein the configuration of the first cultivation room 3 and the second cultivation room 4 is exactly the same, a cultivation rack 5 is placed inside, the cultivation rack 5 is provided with a cultivation groove 6 for planting plants, and a water-cooled LED surface light source 7 is arranged above the cultivation groove 6 The top of the box body 2 is provided with a control system 8; the top of the box body 2 is provided with a cover plate 9; also includes a public air-conditioned room, including between the first cultivation room 3 and the second cultivation room 4, between the cultivation room and the box body 2 The air supply chamber 10 formed between them, and the return air chamber 11 formed between the cover plate 9 and the box body 2, the air inlet 12 and the air outlet 13, and a partition plate is provided between the first cultivation chamber 3 and the second cultivation chamber 4 21, the air inlets 12 are respectively set on the left and right sides of the partition plate 21, wherein, the transducer 14 is provided in the middle of the return air chamber 11 and the air supply chamber 10, and the first cultivation chamber 3 and the second cultivation chamber 4 are formed. The air supply chamber 10 is provided with a PTC heater 15 and a radiator 16 connected to the water-cooled LED surface light source cooling water circuit, and the air inlet 12 and the air outlet 13 are both provided with axial flow fans, and the fan speed is controlled by a pulse width modulation mode; The rear of the bracket 1 is also provided with a CO ₂ fertilizing device 17, a compressor 18, a fertilizer bucket 19 and a water tank 20; wherein, the water cooling system of the water-cooled LED surface light source 7 is connected to the water tank 20 through pipes, and the water-cooled LED surface The pipes between the water cooling system of the light source 7 and the water tank 20 are also connected in parallel with branch pipes of the radiator 16 . The bottom surface of the bracket 1 is also provided with rollers 22 and also includes a man-machine dialogue panel 23 .

The water-cooled LED surface light source 7 is a multi-color high-power LED composed of five spectrums: red, blue, yellow, green, and white. The LEDs are arranged in array units, and the LED lamp arrangement is shown in Figure 2. The light source can be An appropriate number of LED arrays is arranged according to the cultivation area of the cultivation room.

The above-mentioned intelligent plant growth experimental device is in the top-sending side-return circulation air supply mode, as shown in the schematic diagram of the airflow cycle in Figure 3. The transducer sends the fresh air into the air supply room of the public air-conditioning room, and through the comprehensive management of multiple heat sources in the air supply room Then, turn on or off the fan of the corresponding cultivation room according to the demand, pump the air into the corresponding cultivation room, and return to the air return room after circulation; the heat generated by the LED chip in the water-cooled LED surface light source is replaced by the water of the water-cooling system, and They are configured according to the temperature management requirements. When the air in the public air-conditioned room needs to be heated, the pipeline connecting the radiator is opened, and the hot water after the heat exchange is led to the radiator of the public air-conditioned room through the pipeline, and then into the water tank; otherwise, the Directly lead to the water tank to reduce the energy consumption of temperature control in the public air-conditioning room.

Example 2

The temperature control method of the intelligent plant growth experimental device described in embodiment 1, comprises the following steps:

Step 1, set the control deviation α, β, θ; wherein, α and β are the control deviation of the set temperature of the first cultivation room and the second cultivation room respectively, θ is the real-time temperature regulation deviation between the public air-conditioned room and the cultivation room, Users can set according to their own needs;

Step 2, collect the outdoor real-time temperature T ₀ , the first cultivation room real-time temperature T _1i , the second cultivation room real-time temperature T _2i and the public air-conditioned room real-time temperature T _Gi , set the first cultivation room set temperature T _1S and the second The set temperature T _2S of the cultivation room;

Step 3, compare the set temperatures of the two cultivation rooms, when T _1S ≥ T _2S , compare T _Gi with the set temperatures of the two cultivation rooms:

When T _2S ≤ T _Gi ≤ T _1S , the temperature of the cultivation room with the small absolute value of the temperature difference is firstly adjusted, and then the temperature of the other cultivation room is adjusted. When heating is required, PTC heating is used and the heat generated by the LED light source is used. Compressor cooling is used when cooling is required;

When T _Gi < T _2S < T _1S , the PTC heater is preferentially used and the heat generated by the LED light source is used to heat and control the temperature of the second cultivation room. When the temperature of the second cultivation room reaches the set temperature, continue to heat and adjust The temperature of the first cultivation room is until the set temperature is reached;

When T _2S < T _1S < T _Gi , the temperature of the first cultivation room is preferably regulated by compressor refrigeration, and then continues to be refrigerated, and then the temperature of the second cultivation room is regulated;

Or, when T _1S < T _2S , the control strategy is the same as the above steps, only the order of regulating the temperature of the first cultivation room and the second cultivation room has changed, so the relevant control steps are omitted.

Figure 4 shows a partial flow chart of a temperature control method in a cultivation room, that is, a part of the adjustment method when T _1S ≥ T _2S , wherein cultivation room 1 is the first cultivation room, and cultivation room 2 is the second cultivation room. As can be seen from FIG. 4 , the temperature control method of the above-mentioned intelligent plant growth experimental device includes the following steps: first, set input control deviations α, β, θ, wherein α and β are the first cultivation room and the second cultivation room respectively. The control deviation of the fixed temperature, θ is the real-time temperature control deviation between the public air-conditioned room and the cultivation room, and the user can set it according to their needs; then, collect the outdoor real-time temperature _{TO, the real-time temperature T1i of} the first cultivation room, and the second cultivation room. The real-time temperature T _2i and the real-time temperature T _Gi in the public air-conditioning room are set to set the set temperature T _1S of the first cultivation room and the set temperature T _2S of the second cultivation room; secondly, compare the set temperatures of the two cultivation rooms. The case of T _1S ≥ T _2S is shown, and T _Gi is compared with the set temperature of the two cultivation chambers. Next, two cases of T _2S ≤ T _Gi ≤ T _1S and T _Gi < T _2S are listed: when T _2S ≤ T _Gi When ≤T _1S , compare T _Gi with T _2S and T _1S respectively, and then preferentially adjust the temperature of the cultivation room with a small absolute value of the temperature difference. As shown in the figure, when |T _Gi -T _1S |≥|T _Gi -T _2S When |T _Gi -T _1S |<|T _Gi -T _2S |, the temperature of the first cultivation room is preferentially regulated, and the PTC system is used when heating is required during the regulation process. Heat and use the heat generated by the LED light source. When cooling is required, the compressor is used for cooling; when T _Gi < T _2S , the PTC heater is preferentially used and the heat generated by the LED light source is used to control the temperature of the second cultivation room. When the temperature of the second cultivation room reaches the set temperature, continue heating, and adjust the temperature of the first cultivation room until it reaches the set temperature. Otherwise, the compressor will be used first to control the temperature of the first cultivation room, and then continue to cool, and then the second cultivation room will be regulated. room temperature.

Claims (5)

1. An intelligence vegetation experimental apparatus which characterized in that includes:

a bracket (1);

the box body (2) is arranged at the front part of the bracket (1), a first cultivation chamber (3) and a second cultivation chamber (4) are arranged in the box body (2), the first cultivation chamber (3) and the second cultivation chamber (4) are completely configured in the same way, a cultivation frame (5) is arranged in the box body, a cultivation groove (6) for planting plants is formed in the cultivation frame (5), and a water-cooled LED surface light source (7) is arranged above the cultivation groove (6);

the control system (8) is arranged at the top of the box body (2);

the cover plate (9) is arranged above the box body (2);

the public controlled atmosphere room comprises an air supply room (10) formed between the first cultivation room (3) and the second cultivation room (4) and between the two cultivation rooms and the box body (2), an air return room (11) formed between the cover plate (9) and the box body (2), an air inlet (12) and an air outlet (13), wherein an energy converter (14) is arranged between the air return room (11) and the air supply room (10), the air supply room (10) is provided with a PTC heater (15) and a radiator (16) connected with a water-cooled LED surface light source heat dissipation water path, and fans are arranged at the air inlet (12) and the air outlet (13);

CO₂a fertilizing device (17), a compressor (18), a fertilizer barrel (19) and a water tank (20), the CO₂The fertilizing device (17), the compressor (18), the fertilizer barrel (19) and the water tank (20) are all arranged at the rear part of the bracket (1);

the water cooling system of the water-cooled LED surface light source (7) is connected with the water tank (20) through a pipeline, and a branch pipeline of the radiator (16) is connected in parallel with the pipeline between the water cooling system of the water-cooled LED surface light source (7) and the water tank (20);

the PTC heater (15) and the radiator (16) are arranged in an air supply chamber (10) formed between the first cultivation chamber (3) and the second cultivation chamber (4);

a partition plate (21) is arranged between the first cultivation room (3) and the second cultivation room (4), and air inlets (12) are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the partition plate (21);

the water-cooled LED surface light source (7) is a multicolor high-power LED and consists of five spectrums of red, blue, yellow, green and white, wherein the LEDs are arranged by adopting array units, and the light source can be configured with proper LED array number according to the cultivation area of the cultivation room.

2. The intelligent plant growth experiment device of claim 1, wherein the fan is an axial flow fan, and a pulse width modulation mode is adopted to control the fan wind speed.

3. An intelligent plant growth experiment device according to claim 1, wherein the bottom surface of the bracket (1) is provided with a roller (22).

4. The intelligent plant growth experiment device of claim 1, further comprising a man-machine dialog panel (23).

5. The temperature control method of the intelligent plant growth experimental facility as claimed in claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:

step one, setting control deviations alpha, beta and theta; the temperature control deviation of the first cultivation room and the second cultivation room is alpha and beta, and the temperature control deviation of the public controlled atmosphere room and the cultivation room is theta, so that a user can set the temperature control deviation according to the requirement;

step two, acquiring outdoor real-time temperature T_OThe real-time temperature T of the first cultivation room_1iThe real-time temperature T of the second cultivation room_2iAnd real-time temperature T of public controlled atmosphere room_GiSetting a set temperature T of the first cultivation room_1SAnd a set temperature T of the second cultivation room_2S；

Step three, comparing the set temperatures of the two cultivation rooms when the temperature is T_1S≥T_2SWhile comparing T_GiSetting the temperature of two cultivation rooms:

when T is_2S≤T_Gi≤T_1SWhen the temperature of the cultivation room is required to be heated, PTC heating is adopted, heat generated by an LED light source is utilized, and when the temperature is required to be cooled, a compressor is adopted for cooling;

when T is_Gi<T_2S<T_1SWhen the temperature of the second cultivation room reaches the set temperature, the heating is continued, and the temperature of the first cultivation room is regulated until the set temperature is reached;

when T is_2S<T_1S<T_GiWhen the cultivation method is used, a compressor is adopted for refrigerating and regulating the temperature of the first cultivation room, then the refrigeration is continued, and then the temperature of the second cultivation room is regulated and controlled;

when T is_1S<T_2SWhile comparing T_GiSetting the temperature of two cultivation rooms:

when T is_1S≤T_Gi≤T_2SWhen in use, the temperature of the cultivation room with small absolute value of temperature difference is firstly regulated and controlled, and then the temperature of the other cultivation room is regulated and controlledThe temperature of each cultivation room is controlled by adopting a PTC (positive temperature coefficient) for heating when heating is needed and utilizing heat generated by an LED (light-emitting diode) light source, and a compressor for refrigerating when refrigerating is needed;

when T is_Gi<T_1S<T_2SWhen the temperature of the first cultivation room reaches the set temperature, the heating is continued, and the temperature of the second cultivation room is regulated until the set temperature is reached;

when T is_1S<T_2S<T_GiAnd then, the compressor is adopted to refrigerate and regulate the temperature of the second cultivation room, and then the compressor continues to refrigerate and regulate the temperature of the first cultivation room.

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