CN107235610A - 一种污泥减量的污水处理工艺 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及污水处理领域,具体的说是一种污泥减量的污水处理工艺。包括调节池,厌氧池,缺氧池,氧化池,沉淀池,ABR污泥消化池,其特征在于包括如下步骤:1)污水进入调节池,经过调节池调节后通过泵将污水送入厌氧池;2)在厌氧池中添加硅藻土和厌氧菌,污水经过厌氧池厌氧处理后送入缺氧池;3)污水在缺氧池中进行缺氧处理,随后送入氧化池;4)污水在氧化池中进行氧化处理,随后将污水送入沉淀池;5)经过氧化池处理的污水进入沉淀池进行沉淀,经过沉淀后的污水经过检测打标后,排放。本发明同现有技术相比,在缺氧和好氧段同时存在厌氧生化处理过程,从而相对增加了厌氧时间,使得有机物通过厌氧水解,更容易被好氧菌进行生化分解。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及污水处理领域,具体的说是一种污泥减量的污水处理工艺。
背景技术
在污水生化处理过程中,污染物主要靠厌氧、兼氧和好氧微生物的联合作用进行降解,最终分解为二氧化碳、氮气和水及其它无机盐类。常规的生化处理设施占地面积大,停留时间长,而且在生化处理过程中随着处理负荷的增大,剩余污泥多,并且剩余污泥作为固体废弃物需要专业的机构进行处置,特别对于化工制药等企业产生的剩余污泥一般作为危险废弃物进行处置,处理成本高,成为企业生产运营的一项重要负担。虽然现在有相关技术进行污泥减量,例如:通过剩余污泥回流到厌氧池进行厌氧消化或者通过增加生化处理时间等方法实现污泥减量的目的,但是这些方法需要增加污水处理设备的容积,增大占地面积,对于现今土地成本越来越高的现实情况下,这些方法不为大部分企业所接受。因此找到一种势在必行。
发明内容
本发明为克服现有技术的不足,设计一种投资少,运行成本低,切可以有效提高污水处理效果的污泥减量的污水处理工艺。
为实现上述目的,设计一种污泥减量的污水处理工艺,包括调节池,厌氧池,缺氧池,氧化池,沉淀池,ABR污泥消化池,其特征在于包括如下步骤:1)S1,污水进入调节池,经过调节池调节后通过泵将污水送入厌氧池;2)S2,在厌氧池中添加硅藻土和厌氧菌,污水经过厌氧池厌氧处理后送入缺氧池;3)S3,污水在缺氧池中进行缺氧处理,随后送入氧化池;4)S4,污水在氧化池中进行氧化处理,随后将污水送入沉淀池;5)S5,经过氧化池处理的污水进入沉淀池进行沉淀,经过沉淀后的污水经过检测打标后,排放。
所述步骤4中还包括如下步骤:氧化池将污水氧化过程中产生的混合液,通过另一台泵送到缺氧池中。
所述步骤5中还包括如下步骤:沉淀池沉淀处理中得到的污泥,分三份,其中两份污泥分别送入缺氧池和厌氧池中,另一份污泥送入ABR污泥消化池进行ABR污泥消化处理,经过ABR消化处理后得到的消化液回流到缺氧池中。
本发明同现有技术相比,通过添加硅藻土作为生化填料能有效增加生物菌群的数量和种类,在缺氧和好氧段同时存在厌氧生化处理过程,从而相对增加了厌氧时间,使得有机物通过厌氧水解,更容易被好氧菌进行生化分解,通过填料的添加,细菌数量的增加,大大增加了处理效率。从而降低了生化处理负荷,减少了生化系统剩余污泥的产生。
附图说明
图1为本发明工艺流程图。
具体实施方式
下面根据附图对本发明做进一步的说明。
如图1所示,本发明的污水处理流程包括如下步骤:1)S1,污水进入调节池,经过调节池调节后通过泵将污水送入厌氧池;2)S2,在厌氧池中添加硅藻土和厌氧菌,污水经过厌氧池厌氧处理后送入缺氧池;3)S3,污水在缺氧池中进行缺氧处理,随后送入氧化池;4)S4,污水在氧化池中进行氧化处理,随后将污水送入沉淀池;5)S5,经过氧化池处理的污水进入沉淀池进行沉淀,经过沉淀后的污水经过检测打标后,排放。
所述步骤4中还包括如下步骤:氧化池将污水氧化过程中产生的混合液,通过另一台泵送到缺氧池中。
所述步骤5中还包括如下步骤:沉淀池沉淀处理中得到的污泥,分三份,其中两份污泥分别送入缺氧池和厌氧池中,另一份污泥送入ABR污泥消化池进行ABR污泥消化处理,经过ABR消化处理后得到的消化液回流到缺氧池中。
本发明使用时,选择一种微孔结构,且比表面积大的载体是实现多种细菌共生和提高微生物数量的技术核心。活性炭和硅藻土都具有这样的结构,但是活性炭的比重较小,不易实现泥水分离,且一旦发生污泥膨胀,会造成出水发黑等问题,因此不宜选用。硅藻土的化学成分主要是SiO2,含有少量的Al2O3、Fe2O3、CaO、MgO等和有机质。硅藻土的密度1.9—2.3g/cm3,堆密度0.34—0.65g/cm3,比表面积40—65㎡/g,孔体积0.45—0.98m³/g,吸水率是自身体积的2—4倍,熔点1650℃—1750℃,在电子显微镜下可以观察到特殊多孔的构造。硅藻土是一种具有生物结构的岩石。主要由80~90%,有的达90%以上的硅藻壳组成。海水、湖水中的氧化硅的主要消耗者就是硅藻,构成硅藻软泥。在成岩过程中经石化阶段形成硅藻土。硅藻壳由蛋白石组成,硅藻在生长繁衍过程中,吸取水中胶态二氧化硅,并逐步转变为蛋白石。硅藻的是单细胞微生物,形体极为微小,一般只有几微米至几十微米,因此由硅藻壳形成的硅藻土的孔径也大多处于几微米至几十微米之间。因此经实验确定硅藻土为比较理想的填料。
在厌氧池,污染物和厌氧菌被硅藻土的微孔所吸附,大大增加了厌氧菌与污染物的接触面积,从而大大提高了厌氧处理效率,根据我们的实验研究,发现厌氧池添加硅藻土后,能够提高厌氧池处理效率约30%。在缺氧池添加硅藻土后,创造了一个厌氧与缺氧菌共生的环境,在硅藻土微孔内部处于厌氧状态,吸附的有机物能够被厌氧菌所降解。在氧化池菌胶团吸附硅藻土颗粒的表面,硅藻土的微孔结构为厌氧菌和缺氧菌提供生存环境,菌胶团为好氧微生物的丛生集团。这样就在氧化池内同时存在厌氧、缺氧、好氧等过程。通过硅藻土的添加,相当于大大提高了厌氧水解时间,同时由于兼氧菌的存在,可以在好氧池内进行反硝化脱氮以及短程反硝化脱氮,不仅大大提高了反应效率,还大大降低了处理成本。
在细菌培养阶段,可以将硅藻土投放到氧化池,在氧化池内硅藻土充分润湿,并吸附有机物和细菌,从而提高细菌的数量。通过回流到厌氧池和缺氧池,达到培养细菌的作用。
在沉淀池进行泥水分离,剩余的污泥排入ABR污泥消化池,因为硅藻土填料内部有厌氧菌的存在,会很快将老化的剩余污泥进行分解从而实现污泥消化的功能。ABR池遵循先进先出的原则,通过计算停留时间,来确定消化池的容积。消化后的消化液和填料回流到缺氧池继续发挥填料的作用。
因此通过添加硅藻土作为生化填料能有效增加生物菌群的数量和种类,在缺氧和好氧段同时存在厌氧生化处理过程,从而相对增加了厌氧时间,使得有机物通过厌氧水解,更容易被好氧菌进行生化分解,通过填料的添加,细菌数量的增加,大大增加了处理效率。从而降低了生化处理负荷,减少了生化系统剩余污泥的产生。
Claims (3)
1.一种污泥减量的污水处理工艺,包括调节池,厌氧池,缺氧池,氧化池,沉淀池,ABR污泥消化池,其特征在于包括如下步骤:1)S1,污水进入调节池,经过调节池调节后通过泵将污水送入厌氧池;2)S2,污水经过厌氧池厌氧处理后送入缺氧池;3)S3,污水在缺氧池中进行缺氧处理,随后送入氧化池;4)S4,污水在氧化池中进行氧化处理,随后将污水送入沉淀池;5)S5,在氧化池中投入硅藻土,经过氧化池处理的污水进入沉淀池进行沉淀,经过沉淀后的污水经过检测打标后,排放。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种污泥减量的污水处理工艺,其特征在于所述步骤4中还包括如下步骤:氧化池将污水氧化过程中产生的混合液,通过另一台泵送到缺氧池中。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种污泥减量的污水处理工艺,其特征在于所述步骤5中还包括如下步骤:沉淀池沉淀处理中得到的污泥,分三份,其中两份污泥分别送入缺氧池和厌氧池中,另一份污泥送入ABR污泥消化池进行ABR污泥消化处理,经过ABR消化处理后得到的消化液回流到缺氧池中。
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| CN111099722A (zh) * | 2018-10-26 | 2020-05-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种促进反硝化脱氮的组合物及其应用 |
| CN111847773A (zh) * | 2020-07-10 | 2020-10-30 | 珠海九通水务股份有限公司 | 一种基于多功能池的污水处理工艺 |
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| CN101486501A (zh) * | 2008-01-17 | 2009-07-22 | 金波 | 猪场硅藻土生物膜污水处理工艺 |
| CN202415260U (zh) * | 2011-12-22 | 2012-09-05 | 河南中清环保工程设备有限公司 | 新型固定床复合生物反应系统 |
| CN103755096A (zh) * | 2014-01-17 | 2014-04-30 | 上海交通大学 | 用于剩余污泥处理的耦合Fenton氧化和厌氧消化的反应装置 |
| CN204198547U (zh) * | 2014-08-27 | 2015-03-11 | 浙江源态环保科技服务有限公司 | 一体化污水处理系统 |
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| CN111099722A (zh) * | 2018-10-26 | 2020-05-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种促进反硝化脱氮的组合物及其应用 |
| CN111847773A (zh) * | 2020-07-10 | 2020-10-30 | 珠海九通水务股份有限公司 | 一种基于多功能池的污水处理工艺 |
| CN111847773B (zh) * | 2020-07-10 | 2022-07-19 | 珠海九通水务股份有限公司 | 一种基于多功能池的污水处理工艺 |
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