CN107228804B - A kind of impact hammer for vertical mechanical impact testing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of jump bit for vertical mechanical shock test machine, which is made of shell, magnetisable material, rear cover；The impact portion of shell be divided into it is solid, rear portion be it is hollow, hollow parts fill magnetisable material, then magnetisable material is enclosed in shell with rear cover.When by impact endurance test shock, powdered magnetisable material can be avoided fracture, and can adjust the position of itself according to the effect of magnetic force, keep magnetic force maximum.

Description

A kind of impact hammer for vertical mechanical impact testing machine

technical field

The invention relates to a component for impact contact with a product test piece, in particular to an impact hammer used in mechanical impact testing equipment.

Background technique

Before the products produced by the factory are delivered for use, many performance tests of the products are required to verify whether the products meet the requirements for use. Among these tests, the product's mechanical shock resistance test is an important one. The quality of the impact hammer directly determines the effect of the mechanical impact test of this product. Existing vertical mechanical impact testing machines have the following types, all of which include impact hammers.

Fig. 1 is a steel ball self-returning impact resistance test machine, including a test stand 1 and a test frame installed on the test stand 1. The test frame includes a lead screw 3, two guide columns 2, a slide table 4, a beam 5, and a motor 9. Lead screw and guide post 2 are all vertically installed on the test bench 1, and lead screw 3 is positioned at the center of two guide posts 2, and lead screw 3 can rotate, and guide post 2 is fixed. A crossbeam 5 for fixing the motor 9 is installed on the tops of the two guide posts 2 , and the upper end of the leading screw 3 is connected with the main shaft of the motor 9 . The slide table 4 cooperates with the lead screw 3 through the screw pair, and cooperates with the guide post 2 through the moving pair. A horizontal support 10 is installed on the slide table 4, and a downward magnetic base 6 and a laser range finder 11 are installed on the support 10; the bottom end surface of the magnetic base 6 is at the same height as the emitting end of the laser range finder. Two pairs of positioning blocks 7 are slidably installed on the test bench, and the two pairs of positioning blocks jointly enclose a square area; one pair of positioning blocks can move laterally on the test bench while the other pair of positioning blocks can move longitudinally on the test bench; The ends adjacent to the two positioning blocks are connected by an elastic band 12 . Since the surface of the object to be measured is flat and the test bench is placed horizontally, the steel ball can remain in a static state. When the magnetic force of the magnetic base acts on the steel ball, the steel ball will move to the magnetic base along the direction of the force to achieve automatic return. Bit picking. The upper edge of the elastic band is no lower than the top of the positioning block. The positioning block 7 is a quadrangular platform whose cross section is a right-angled trapezoid, and the upper bottom surface is larger than the lower bottom surface. The side for positioning on the positioning block 7 is an inclined surface, and the included angle between the side and the horizontal plane is 45° to 80°. This structure can completely fix the object 8 to be tested, thereby preventing displacement during the test from affecting the test result. A rubber sheet is provided on the side of the positioning block 7 for positioning, so as to protect the edge of the object 8 from being damaged. The positioning block 7 is fixed on the test bench 1 by fastening bolts.

Fig. 2 is an electrical conduit impact testing machine, including a bottom plate 1 and a top plate 2, columns 3 are respectively arranged on both sides between the bottom plate 1 and the top plate 2, and guide rods 4 are also arranged between the bottom plate 1 and the top plate 2 , the guide rod 4 is located between the two columns 3, a lifting beam 5 is provided between the bottom plate 1 and the top plate 2, and the lifting beam 5 is provided with a longitudinal through hole socketed on the guide rod 4 and the column 3 , the upper end of the bottom plate 1 is provided with a connecting plate 6, the upper end of the connecting plate 6 is provided with test clamps 7 on both sides, the guide rod 4 is covered with an impact hammer 8, and the upper end of the impact hammer 8 is radially provided with a boss , the front and rear sides of the lifting beam 5 are respectively provided with a hook 9, the lower end of the hook 9 cooperates with the lower edge of the boss of the impact hammer 8; the two hooks 9 and the guide rod 4 are in the same vertical plane; The two ends of the lifting beam 5 are provided with locking bolts I10, and the front ends of the locking bolts I10 pass through the lifting beam 5 against the column 3; Locking bolt II11, the front end of the locking bolt II11 passes through the top plate 2 against the guide rod 4; Orientation see altitude.

Both of the above-mentioned vertical mechanical impact testing machines convert the gravitational potential energy of the impact hammer of the impact testing machine into the required kinetic energy, that is, the impact energy. If the required mechanical impact energy is relatively large, it can only be carried out in two ways: one is to increase the mass of the impact hammer, and the other is to increase the height of the impact hammer relative to the product test piece to increase the gravitational potential energy. However, when the mass of the impact hammer of the mechanical impact testing machine is too large, the equipment will be bulky and inconvenient for the operation of the impact test; when the height of the impact hammer relative to the product test piece increases, it will inevitably lead to an increase in the height of the mechanical impact testing machine. However, due to the limitations of the laboratory site and other factors, the required more impact energy cannot be increased by increasing the height.

On the other hand, the above two vertical mechanical impact testing machines are inconvenient to operate when the height of the impact hammer relative to the product test piece needs to be adjusted.

In view of the above-mentioned defects of the current vertical mechanical impact testing machine and the deficiency of the impact hammer, it is urgent to provide a different vertical mechanical impact testing machine and impact hammer to meet the impact energy of the mechanical impact test of the product on the testing machine. , size and impact hammer quality are increasingly demanding.

Contents of the invention

In view of the fact that the impact hammer of the existing vertical mechanical impact testing machine cannot meet the requirements of products for mechanical impact testing, in order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a different impact hammer for the vertical mechanical impact testing machine.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

An impact hammer for a vertical mechanical impact testing machine, the vertical mechanical impact testing machine consists of a vertical arm 1, a cross arm 2, a guide rod 3, an impact hammer 4, an impact hammer holder 5, and an impact table 6. The product holder 7 is composed of other parts; the vertical arm 1 is in the shape of a round rod with threads at both ends; the cross arm 2 is also in the shape of a round rod with threaded holes at both ends. Two, one end of the two vertical arms 1 are respectively screwed into the two threaded holes of the cross arm 2; two threaded holes are provided on the impact table 6, and the other ends of the two vertical arms 1 are respectively screwed into the two threaded holes on the impact table. In a threaded hole; the guide rod 3 is a round rod, connected to the middle part of the cross arm 2, and arranged parallel to the vertical wall 1; the guide rod 3 can be welded on the middle part of the cross arm 2, and can also be fixed on the cross arm by fasteners 2; when it is necessary to adjust the height of the impact hammer 4 relative to the product test piece, screw the two vertical arms 1 to raise the two vertical arms 1, and at the same time ensure that the cross arm 2 remains horizontal; the impact hammer 4 There is a through hole 41, the guide rod 3 passes through the through hole 41, and the impact hammer 4 can slide along the vertical direction of the guide rod 3; the impact hammer 4 is fixed on the guide rod 3 through the impact hammer holder 5; the product holder 7 is located on the impact table 6 and is used to fix the product test piece for impact test; the lower end of the guide rod 3 is located above the product holder 7, and the two are not in contact.

Further, the impact hammer holder 5 is a screw, and a threaded hole is opened on one side of the impact hammer 4 , and the screw is screwed into the threaded hole of the impact hammer 4 .

Further, the impact hammer 4 is composed of a housing 42, a magnetic substance 43, and a rear cover 44; the impact part of the housing is solid, the rear part is hollow, and the hollow part is filled with a magnetic substance 43, and then the magnetic substance is filled with the rear cover 44. 43 is enclosed in the housing 42.

Further, the magnetic substance 43 is a rare-earth magnetic substance, and the rare-earth magnetic substance is in powder form. When the impact hammer impacts the product test piece, both the impact hammer and the product test piece are subjected to relatively large vibrations. Ordinary magnetic material is a whole, the material is brittle and not resistant to impact. In order to prevent the integrity of the magnetic substance from breaking when being impacted and affecting the magnetism, the present invention uses a powdery magnetic substance. When subjected to shock and vibration, the powdery magnetic substance can avoid breaking, and can adjust its position according to the magnetic force to maximize the magnetic force. Meanwhile, in order to further increase the magnetic force of the magnetic substance, the magnetic substance is preferably a rare earth magnetic substance.

Further, the impact surface of the impact hammer 4 in contact with the product test piece is a convex surface or a flat surface, preferably a convex surface. When the impact surface is convex, the product test piece can receive a greater impact effect under the same conditions due to the smaller contact surface.

Further, in order to ensure that the impact hammer 4 avoids damage when impacting the product test piece, the material of the impact hammer 4 is metal, preferably steel or copper, and its tensile strength is 370MPa-550MPa, Rockwell The hardness is 58-62, and the relationship between the tensile strength and Rockwell hardness of the shell material satisfies: the value of tensile strength×Rockwell hardness is greater than or equal to 21500 and less than or equal to 34000, preferably greater than or equal to 28000 and less than or equal to 32000. When the product of the tensile strength and Rockwell hardness of the shell material is less than 21500, the strength of the shell cannot meet the requirements of impact; when the product of the tensile strength and Rockwell hardness of the shell material is greater than 34000, the shell will become Brittleness is also not conducive to the improvement of its strength, and cannot meet the requirements of impact.

Further, the vertical mechanical impact testing machine further includes an accelerating coil assembly 8 , and the accelerating coil assembly 8 includes a plurality of accelerating coils 81 . After the acceleration coil is energized, an electromagnetic field is generated, which generates a magnetic force on the magnetic impact hammer, drives the impact hammer to do work, and generates greater impact energy on the basis of converting the gravitational potential energy of the impact hammer into kinetic energy, which meets the requirements of the product test piece for greater impact energy. demand.

Further, the vertical mechanical impact testing machine also includes a computer 10 , a display device 11 , a proximity switch 12 and a speed detector 13 . The speed detector 13 is installed on the impact table 6, detects the speed before the impact hammer 4 contacts the product test piece, and transmits the speed data to the computer 10, and the computer 10 converts the speed data into energy data, and converts the speed data to the energy data. The energy data is transmitted to the display device 11 and displayed.

Further, the vertical mechanical impact testing machine also includes a power supply 9, which provides electric energy for each acceleration coil 81, computer 10, display device 11, proximity switch 12, speed detector 13 and other components that require electric energy. .

Further, each of the accelerating coils 81 is connected to an independent proximity switch 12. When the impact hammer 4 passes through each accelerating coil 81, the proximity switch 12 connected to each accelerating coil 81 is disconnected, and the power supply 9 Stop supplying power to the acceleration coil 81 to save power.

Compared with the prior art, the height adjustment of the vertical mechanical impact testing machine of the present invention is convenient, and while utilizing the gravitational potential energy to convert into impact energy, the electromagnetic force is used to do work, so that the impact hammer can obtain greater impact energy and overcome It overcomes the shortcomings of the existing vertical mechanical impact testing machine and meets the requirements of products for high-energy impact testing.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a vertical mechanical impact testing machine comprising an impact hammer in the prior art;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of another vertical mechanical impact testing machine including an impact hammer in the prior art;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of vertical mechanical impact testing machine of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the sectional view of impact hammer among the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the accelerating coil assembly in the vertical mechanical shock testing machine of the present invention;

Reference signs: 1-vertical arm, 2-cross arm, 3-guide rod, 4-impact hammer, 41-through hole, 42-housing, 43-magnetic material, 44-back cover, 5-impact hammer holder , 6-impact table, 7-product holder, 8-acceleration coil assembly, 81-acceleration coil, 9-power supply, 10-computer, 11-display device, 12-proximity switch, 13-speed detector.

Detailed ways

The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly, completely and detailedly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are only some of the many embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the protection scope of the present invention, any technical solution of any modification to the present invention made by those skilled in the art without creative work falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 3, a kind of impact hammer for vertical mechanical impact testing machine, described vertical mechanical impact testing machine is composed of vertical arm 1, a cross arm 2, guide bar 3, impact hammer 4, impact hammer Fixer 5, impact table 6, product fixer 7 and other parts; the vertical arm 1 is in the shape of a round rod with threads at both ends; the cross arm 2 is also in the shape of a round rod with threads at both ends There are two vertical arms 1, and one end of the two vertical arms 1 is respectively screwed into the two threaded holes of the cross arm 2; two threaded holes are provided on the impact table 6, and the other ends of the two vertical arms 1 are screwed respectively into the two threaded holes on the impact table; the guide rod 3 is in the shape of a round rod, connected to the middle part of the cross arm 2, and arranged parallel to the vertical wall 1; the guide rod 3 can be welded on the middle part of the cross arm 2, or can be The firmware is fixed in the middle of the cross arm 2; when it is necessary to adjust the height of the impact hammer 4 relative to the product test piece, screw the two vertical arms 1 to raise the two vertical arms 1, and at the same time ensure that the cross arm 2 remains horizontal The impact hammer 4 has a through hole 41, the guide rod 3 passes through the through hole 41, and the impact hammer 4 can slide along the vertical direction of the guide rod 3; the impact hammer 4 is fixed on the guide rod 3 by the impact hammer holder 5 ; The product holder 7 is located on the impact table 6 and is used to fix the product test piece for the impact test; the lower end of the guide rod 3 is located above the product holder 7, and the two do not touch.

The impact hammer holder 5 is a screw, and one side of the impact hammer 4 is provided with a threaded hole, and the screw is screwed into the threaded hole of the impact hammer 4 to fix the impact hammer 4 on the top of the guide rod 3 .

The impact hammer 4 is composed of a housing 42, a magnetic substance 43, and a back cover 44; the impact part of the housing is solid, the rear part is hollow, and the hollow part is filled with a magnetic substance 43, and then the magnetic substance 43 is sealed into the shell with the back cover 44. Inside the body 42.

The magnetic substance 43 is a rare earth magnetic substance, and the rare earth magnetic substance is in powder form. When the impact hammer impacts the product test piece, both the impact hammer and the product test piece are subjected to relatively large vibrations. Ordinary magnetic material is a whole, the material is brittle and not resistant to impact. In order to prevent the integrity of the magnetic substance from breaking when being impacted and affecting the magnetism, the present invention uses a powdery magnetic substance. When subjected to shock and vibration, the powdery magnetic substance can avoid breaking, and can adjust its position according to the magnetic force to maximize the magnetic force. Meanwhile, in order to further increase the magnetic force of the magnetic substance, the magnetic substance is preferably a rare earth magnetic substance.

The impact surface of the impact hammer 4 in contact with the product test piece is a convex surface or a plane, preferably a convex surface. When the impact surface is convex, the product test piece can receive a greater impact effect under the same conditions due to the smaller contact surface.

In order to ensure that the impact hammer 4 avoids damage when it impacts with the product test piece, the material of the shell 42 of the impact hammer 4 is metal, preferably steel or copper, with a tensile strength of 370MPa-550MPa and a Rockwell hardness of 58. -62, the relationship between the tensile strength and Rockwell hardness of the shell material satisfies: the value of tensile strength×Rockwell hardness is greater than or equal to 21,500 and less than or equal to 34,000, preferably greater than or equal to 28,000 and less than or equal to 32,000. When the product of the tensile strength and Rockwell hardness of the shell material is less than 21500, the strength of the shell cannot meet the requirements of impact; when the product of the tensile strength and Rockwell hardness of the shell material is greater than 34000, the shell will become Brittleness is also not conducive to the improvement of its strength, and cannot meet the requirements of impact.

The vertical mechanical impact testing machine also includes an accelerating coil assembly 8 , and the accelerating coil assembly 8 includes a plurality of accelerating coils 81 . After the acceleration coil is energized, an electromagnetic field is generated, which generates a magnetic force on the magnetic impact hammer, drives the impact hammer to do work, and generates greater impact energy on the basis of converting the gravitational potential energy of the impact hammer into kinetic energy, which meets the requirements of the product test piece for greater impact energy. demand. A plurality of accelerating coils 81 are in a ring shape and are sequentially connected together to form the accelerating coil assembly 8 . Insert the accelerating coil assembly 8 into the guide rod 3 and the impact hammer 4 fixed on the guide rod 3 , and fix it on the cross arm 2 .

The vertical mechanical impact testing machine also includes a computer 10 , a display device 11 , a proximity switch 12 and a speed detector 13 . The speed detector 13 is installed on the impact table 6, detects the speed before the impact hammer 4 contacts the product test piece, and transmits the speed data to the computer 10, and the computer 10 converts the speed data into energy data, and converts the speed data to the energy data. The energy data is transmitted to the display device 11 and displayed. The display device 11 may be an LCD display, an LED display, or a CRT display.

The vertical mechanical impact testing machine also includes a power supply 9, which provides electric energy for components requiring electric energy such as the accelerating coil 81, the computer 10, the display device 11, the proximity switch 12, the speed detector 13, and the like.

Each of the accelerating coils 81 is connected with an independent proximity switch 12. When the impact hammer 4 passes through each accelerating coil 81, the proximity switch 12 connected with each accelerating coil 81 is disconnected, and the power supply 9 stops supplying to the accelerating coil 81. The acceleration coil 81 is powered to save power.

When performing a mechanical impact test on a product test piece, first use the product holder 7 to fix the product test piece that needs to be subjected to a mechanical impact test on the impact table 6; secondly, adjust the height of the two vertical arms 1, and make the cross arm 2 in the position of Horizontal state; Then this vertical mechanical shock testing machine is switched on power supply, and each accelerating coil 81 in the accelerating coil assembly 8 produces electromagnetic field; Unscrew the screw that impact hammer 4 is fixed on the guide bar 3, impact hammer 4 is in Under the action of gravity, it moves downwards with increasing speed; after the impact hammer 4 enters the acceleration coil assembly, under the action of gravity and electromagnetic force, the speed becomes greater and greater. After each impact hammer 4 passes through an acceleration coil , the proximity switch 12 disconnects the connection between the passed acceleration coil and the power supply; finally the impact hammer 4 reaches the impact table 6 to impact the product test piece to complete the impact test. Before the impact hammer 4 impacts the product test piece, the speed detector 13 detects the speed of the impact hammer 4, and transmits the speed data to the computer 10, and the computer 10 converts the speed data into energy data, and transmits the energy data to the display device 11 and displayed.

The height of the vertical mechanical impact testing machine of the present invention is convenient to adjust, and while utilizing the gravitational potential energy into impact energy, it uses electromagnetic force to do work, so that the impact hammer can obtain greater impact energy, which overcomes the existing vertical mechanical impact testing machine. The lack of impact testing machine meets the product's requirements for high-energy impact testing.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of jump bit for vertical mechanical shock test machine, vertical mechanical shock test machine by vertical arm (1), The parts groups such as transverse arm (2), guide rod (3), jump bit (4), jump bit fixator (5), shock testing machine (6), product fixator (7) At；

The vertical arm (1) is round bar shape, and both ends all have screw thread；The transverse arm (2) is round bar shape, and both ends offer Threaded hole, one end of two vertical arm (1) are screwed into respectively in two threaded holes of transverse arm (2)；Spiral shell there are two being opened up on shock testing machine (6) Pit, the other end of two vertical arm (1) are screwed into respectively in two threaded holes on shock testing machine；

Guide rod (3) is round bar shape, is connected to the middle part of transverse arm (2), is arranged in parallel with perpendicular wall (1)；

The product fixator (7) is located on shock testing machine (6), for the fixed product testing part for doing impact test；Guide rod (3) lower end is located at the top of product fixator (7), and the two does not contact；

The jump bit (4) has through-hole (41), and guide rod (3) passes through through-hole (41), and jump bit (4) can be along guide rod (3) vertical direction sliding；Jump bit (4) is fixed on guide rod (3) by jump bit fixator (5)；The wherein impact Hammer (4) is made of shell (42), magnetisable material (43), rear cover (44)；The impact portion of shell be divided into it is solid, rear portion be it is hollow, it is empty The heart is partially filled with magnetisable material (43), is then enclosed magnetisable material (43) in shell (42) with rear cover (44)；The magnetic material Matter (43) is rare-earth magnetic substance, and the rare-earth magnetic substance is in powdered；The tensile strength of case material and the pass of Rockwell hardness System meets: tensile strength × Rockwell hardness value is more than or equal to 21500 and is less than or equal to 34000.

2. a kind of jump bit for vertical mechanical shock test machine according to claim 1, wherein the jump bit Fixator (5) is a screw, and jump bit (4) side offers threaded hole, and the screw is screwed into the threaded hole of jump bit (4).

3. a kind of jump bit for vertical mechanical shock test machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the impact The shock surface that hammer (4) is contacted with product testing part is convex surface or plane.

4. a kind of jump bit for vertical mechanical shock test machine according to claim 1, wherein the jump bit It (4) is metal by the material of shell (42).

5. a kind of jump bit for vertical mechanical shock test machine according to claim 1 or 2, the vertical machine Tool shock machine further includes accelerating coil component (8), and the accelerating coil component (8) includes multiple accelerating coils (81).

6. a kind of jump bit for vertical mechanical shock test machine according to claim 1 or 2, the vertical machine Tool shock machine further includes power supply (9), and the power supply (9) is that each accelerating coil (81) provide electric energy.

7. a kind of jump bit for vertical mechanical shock test machine according to claim 1 or 2, the vertical machine Tool shock machine further includes computer (10), display device (11), close to switch (12), speed detector (13).

8. a kind of jump bit for vertical mechanical shock test machine according to claim 5, each acceleration line Circle (81) is connect with an independent close switch (12), every with this when jump bit (4) pass through each accelerating coil (81) A accelerating coil (81) connection is disconnected close to switch (12), and power supply (9) stops powering to the accelerating coil (81).