CN107199304A - SiCp/2A50 creeper tread Part Produced by Rheological Die Forging forming technologies - Google Patents
SiCp/2A50 creeper tread Part Produced by Rheological Die Forging forming technologies Download PDFInfo
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- CN107199304A CN107199304A CN201710312491.7A CN201710312491A CN107199304A CN 107199304 A CN107199304 A CN 107199304A CN 201710312491 A CN201710312491 A CN 201710312491A CN 107199304 A CN107199304 A CN 107199304A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
- B21J5/025—Closed die forging
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/003—Selecting material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J3/00—Lubricating during forging or pressing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of SiCp/2A50 creeper treads Part Produced by Rheological Die Forging forming technology, including：Before pressurization die forging, the pretension amount of disc spring is adjusted, inside and outside punch-pin is produced difference in height, that is feeding amount S, the descending pressurization of hydraulic press, interior punch-pin, which first contacts aluminum matrix composite, during pressurization makes it be full of die cavity, continue to pressure, interior punch-pin tends to be static, outer punch-pin have continue to move to apart from S, local load and feeding are imposed to the material for having tended to solidification, plastic deformation is brought it about, pressurize is for a period of time, die sinking, push rod ejection product is promoted by liftout tank, wherein, the feeding amount S is 6.5mm；Forming parameters：300 DEG C~350 DEG C of mold preheating temperature；Than pressure 108MPa；Pressing speed 15mm/s；Dwell time 10s~20s；Lubricant：From grease stone mill as lubricant, when mold temperature is preheating between 120 DEG C~200 DEG C, sprays and graphite on mould.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of SiCp/2A50 creeper treads Part Produced by Rheological Die Forging forming technology.
Background technology
Creeper tread is the key component of tracked construction equipment, is consumable accessory again.Past is added again using quenched plus mid frequency induction hardening
The Technology for Heating Processing of lonneal, once occurring ftractureing at fillet, hardness is higher and the disadvantage such as frangibility.
In view of above-mentioned defect, the design people is actively subject to research and innovation, to found a kind of SiCp/2A50 crawler belts
Plate Part Produced by Rheological Die Forging forming technology, makes it with more the value in industry.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of combination property good product of preparing
SiCp/2A50 creeper tread Part Produced by Rheological Die Forging forming technologies.
SiCp/2A50 creeper treads Part Produced by Rheological Die Forging forming technology of the present invention, described creeper tread utilizes rheoforging die forging system
System is processed, and described creeper tread moulding process includes：
Prepare aluminum matrix composite；
Aluminum matrix composite quantitative pouring prepared by mechanical mixing method is in creeper tread forming cavity, using Combined Loading side
Method carries out die-forging forming, and the Combined Loading die-forging forming is specifically included, and before pressurization die forging, adjusts the pretension amount of disc spring, makes
Inside and outside punch-pin generation difference in height, i.e. feeding amount S, the descending pressurization of hydraulic press, interior punch-pin first contacts aluminum matrix composite and made during pressurization
It is full of die cavity, continues to pressure, interior punch-pin tends to be static, outer punch-pin have continue to move to apart from S, to having tended to solidification
Material imposes local load and feeding, brings it about plastic deformation, for a period of time, die sinking promotes push rod top by liftout tank for pressurize
Go out product, wherein, the feeding amount S is 6.5mm；Forming parameters：300 DEG C~350 DEG C of mold preheating temperature；Than pressure
108MPa；Pressing speed 15mm/s；Dwell time 10s~20s；Lubricant：From grease stone mill as lubricant, in mould temperature
When spending between being preheating to 120 DEG C~200 DEG C, spray and graphite on mould；
The preparation method of described aluminum matrix composite includes：
Material is selected：Matrix material is 2A50 forging aluminium alloys, and reinforcement material is SiCp particles, and SiCp grains degree is
7 μm, volume fraction 10%；
SiCp particles are pre-processed, standby reinforcement particle is obtained；
Melting 2A50 aluminium alloys：With crucible for smelting aluminium alloy to 640 DEG C~660 DEG C, refining agent is added, after refining 5 minutes
Slagging-off, is stirred, and move up and down during slagging-off to aluminum alloy melt；
1.5wt%~2wt% pure Mg is added in aluminum alloy melt；
SiCp particles are preheated：SiCp particles are wrapped up with 10g aluminium foils, 600 are heated in the crucible for being put into heating furnace
DEG C, and 30min is incubated to 60min；
First the SiCp particles after preheating are added in stirring crucible, aluminum alloy melt is then added, is heated, whipping temp
610 DEG C~615 DEG C mixing speed 875r/min；Mixing time 40min~60min, during stirring, according to the material content in crucible
The upper-lower position of stirring rod is adjusted, stirring rod direction of rotation is changed after often stirring 3 to 8 minutes；
Described rheoforging die forging system includes：The preparation facilities of aluminum matrix composite, crawler belt board forming die, is used for
The hydraulic press of crawler belt board forming die punch pressure is provided；Wherein, the crawler belt board forming die at least includes：Lower template, if
Put and core is provided between the cavity plate in the lower template, cavity plate, core both sides are provided with push rod, and cope plate, are connected to institute
State and be provided with interior punch-pin in the middle of the outer punch-pin on cope plate, the outer punch-pin, interior punch-pin is bolted on cope plate, described
Bolt is above-mentioned to be provided with butterfly spring, and the butterfly spring is arranged between cope plate and interior punch-pin, cavity plate, outer punch-pin, interior punch-pin,
Outer punch-pin, push rod formation creeper tread forming cavity.
Further, in addition to by thixotropic forging creeper tread product T6 heat treatments are carried out, its Technology for Heating Processing is：500
DEG C solution treatment 3 hours, is put into quenching-in water 20min, then in 160 DEG C of Ageing Treatments 10 hours, takes out creeper tread and is air-cooled to
Room temperature.
Further, pretreatment is carried out to SiCp particles to specifically include：
Pickling：Pickling is carried out with 10% HF solution immersion SiCp particles 24h；
Cleaning：SiCp suspensions after pickling 24h are cleaned multiple times with a large amount of distilled water, single flash are changed within every 1~2 hour
Water, until solution reaches neutrality；
Drying：The clear water of SiCp liquid surfaces is removed, dried in drying baker under conditions of 140 DEG C~160 DEG C 24h~
28h；
Grinding：There is caking phenomenon in SiCp after drying, is ground with mortar, become it is powdered, after grinding
Sealing preserve；
Sintering：The SiCp handled by said process needs to sinter 2~3 hours under 800 DEG C of ± 5 DEG C of high temperature.
Further, described sintering process is specially：Crucible is put into heating furnace and is preheating to 100 DEG C~150 with stove
DEG C, SiCp particles are put into crucible with stove heat to 300 DEG C~400 DEG C, insulation 30min or so, and be stirred continuously；Heating
It is sintered to 800 DEG C, needs to be stirred continuously in sintering process；Cool to room temperature with the furnace.
Further, the preparation system of the aluminum matrix composite includes：Heating furnace, material in heating furnace is stirred
Agitating device and temperature controlled temperature control box is carried out to heating furnace, the agitating device includes stirring rod, stirred described in driving
Mix the power set of rod circumference rotation, wherein, the one end of the stirring rod connects the power set, the stirring rod it is another
One end is provided with stirring vane, and the blade is two rows along the upper and lower arrangement of stirring rod axis, circle of each row's blade along stirring rod
Circumferential direction arranges that the blade is in rectangular configuration, the blade with the horizontal 15 ° of angles, the blade arranged in stirring rod and under
The blade stagger of row is set；
The power set include radial drilling machine and the stirring motor being arranged on the radial drilling machine, the stirring electricity
The power end of machine is connected with the stirring rod, and the stirring rod surface scribbles high-temperature resistant anti-corrosive ceramic material.
Further, the temperature control box obtains the temperature of heating furnace, the heating furnace sidewall centre position by thermocouple
The side wall of bottom is provided with survey hole of thermocouple, and the thermocouple is arranged on the survey hole of thermocouple.
Further, the heating furnace includes shell, heating furnace closure and the crucible being arranged in the shell, its
Described in heating furnace closure be two semicircle enclosing covers for mutually spelling, mobile ear is covered with outside, centre opens one and is used as stirring rod
The circular hole of passage.
Further, the crucible is cylindric, and top is provided with flange outer ring, and two length are welded with not in outer flange
More than the short cylindrical of stove enclosing cover internal diameter.
By such scheme, the present invention at least has advantages below：
It is good that the SiCp2A50 aluminum matrix composites shaping creeper tread prepared using mechanical mixing method can obtain combination property
Product, after being handled through T6, its tensile strength sigma b ＞ 352MPa, elongation percentage δ ＞ 6.1 (%), hardness HV ＞ 113.What it optimized
Forming parameters：200 DEG C~300 DEG C of mold preheating temperature；Than 100~108MPa of pressure；Pressing speed 15mm/s；During pressurize
Between 30s~40s；Lubricant：Aquadag.
Under identical friction condition, the relatively matrix material wears amount of 10vol%SiCp/2A50 composites is reduced
57%~69%, also less than steel material 38CrSi wear extent.
Described above is only the general introduction of technical solution of the present invention, in order to better understand the technological means of the present invention,
And can be practiced according to the content of specification, below with presently preferred embodiments of the present invention and coordinate accompanying drawing describe in detail as after.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is SiCp/2A50 creeper treads Part Produced by Rheological Die Forging forming technology flow chart of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is tensile sample size of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the sample position of tension test of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is creeper tread heat treatment cycle curve；
Fig. 5 is pin disc type sliding frictional wear testing machine schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is crawler belt plate forming mold；
Mould under punch-pin 5- liquid forging 6- cavity plate 7- die sleeve 8- push rods 9- in the outer punch-pin 4- of 1- bolt 2- cope plates 3-
Plate 10- core 11- bottoming hole 12- alignment pin 13- disk spring 14- alignment pin 15- bolts.
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, the embodiment to the present invention is described in further detail.Implement below
Example is used to illustrate the present invention, but is not limited to the scope of the present invention.
The most preferred embodiment of SiCp/2A50 creeper treads Part Produced by Rheological Die Forging forming technology of the present invention：Described creeper tread utilizes stream
Become shaping mould forging system to process, described creeper tread moulding process includes：
Prepare aluminum matrix composite；
Aluminum matrix composite quantitative pouring prepared by mechanical mixing method is in creeper tread forming cavity, using Combined Loading side
Method carries out die-forging forming, and the Combined Loading die-forging forming is specifically included, and before pressurization die forging, adjusts the pretension amount of disc spring, makes
Inside and outside punch-pin generation difference in height, i.e. feeding amount S, the descending pressurization of hydraulic press, interior punch-pin first contacts aluminum matrix composite and made during pressurization
It is full of die cavity, continues to pressure, interior punch-pin tends to be static, outer punch-pin have continue to move to apart from S, to having tended to solidification
Material imposes local load and feeding, brings it about plastic deformation, for a period of time, die sinking promotes push rod top by liftout tank for pressurize
Go out product, wherein, the feeding amount S is 6.5mm；Forming parameters：300 DEG C~350 DEG C of mold preheating temperature；Than pressure
108MPa；Pressing speed 15mm/s；Dwell time 10s~20s；Lubricant：From grease stone mill as lubricant, in mould temperature
When spending between being preheating to 120 DEG C~200 DEG C, spray and graphite on mould；
The preparation method of described aluminum matrix composite includes：
Material is selected：Matrix material is 2A50 forging aluminium alloys, and reinforcement material is SiCp particles, and SiCp grains degree is
7 μm, volume fraction 10%；
SiCp particles are pre-processed, standby reinforcement particle is obtained；
Melting 2A50 aluminium alloys：With crucible for smelting aluminium alloy to 640 DEG C~660 DEG C, refining agent is added, after refining 5 minutes
Slagging-off, is stirred, and move up and down during slagging-off to aluminum alloy melt；
1.5wt%~2wt% pure Mg is added in aluminum alloy melt；
SiCp particles are preheated：SiCp particles are wrapped up with 10g aluminium foils, 600 are heated in the crucible for being put into heating furnace
DEG C, and 30min is incubated to 60min；
First the SiCp particles after preheating are added in stirring crucible, aluminum alloy melt is then added, is heated, whipping temp
610 DEG C~615 DEG C mixing speed 875r/min；Mixing time 40min~60min, during stirring, according to the material content in crucible
The upper-lower position of stirring rod is adjusted, stirring rod direction of rotation is changed after often stirring 3 to 8 minutes；
Described rheoforging die forging system includes：The preparation facilities of aluminum matrix composite, crawler belt board forming die, is used for
The hydraulic press of crawler belt board forming die punch pressure is provided；Wherein, the crawler belt board forming die at least includes：Lower template, if
Put and core is provided between the cavity plate in the lower template, cavity plate, core both sides are provided with push rod, and cope plate, are connected to institute
State and be provided with interior punch-pin in the middle of the outer punch-pin on cope plate, the outer punch-pin, interior punch-pin is bolted on cope plate, described
Bolt is above-mentioned to be provided with butterfly spring, and the butterfly spring is arranged between cope plate and interior punch-pin, cavity plate, outer punch-pin, interior punch-pin,
Outer punch-pin, push rod formation creeper tread forming cavity.
The pretension amount of disc spring 13 is adjusted by stay-bolt, makes inside and outside convex generation difference in height, i.e. feeding amount S.In experiment,
The aluminum matrix composite for heating completion is put in female die for forming 6 first, the then descending pressurization of press, interior punch-pin 4 is first during pressurization
Contact blank makes it be full of die cavity, continues to pressure, interior punch-pin tends to be static, outer punch-pin 3 is continued to move to apart from S, to having become
Local load and feeding are imposed in the semi-solid blank of solidification, plastic deformation is brought it about, pressurize for a period of time, is molded, by pushing up
Go out cylinder and promote the ejection product of push rod 8.Feeding amount S is taken as 6.5mm.
The preparation technology parameter of SiCp/2A50 aluminum matrix composites is：SiCp is with 600 DEG C of stove preheating temperature；Aluminium liquid melts
640 DEG C~660 DEG C of temperature；610 DEG C~615 DEG C of whipping temp (is less than its liquidus temperature)；Mixing speed 875r/min；Stirring
Time 40min~60min.
Further, pretreatment is carried out to SiCp particles to specifically include：
Pickling：Pickling is carried out with 10% HF solution immersion SiCp particles 24h；
Cleaning：SiCp suspensions after pickling 24h are cleaned multiple times with a large amount of distilled water, single flash are changed within every 1~2 hour
Water, until solution reaches neutrality；
Drying：The clear water of SiCp liquid surfaces is removed, dried in drying baker under conditions of 140 DEG C~160 DEG C 24h~
28h；
Grinding：There is caking phenomenon in SiCp after drying, is ground with mortar, become it is powdered, after grinding
Sealing preserve；
Sintering：The SiCp handled by said process needs to sinter 2~3 hours under 800 DEG C of ± 5 DEG C of high temperature.
Described sintering process is specially：Crucible is put into heating furnace and is preheating to 100 DEG C~150 DEG C with stove, by SiCp
Particle is put into crucible with stove heat to 300 DEG C~400 DEG C, insulation 30min or so, and is stirred continuously；It is heated to 800 DEG C of progress
Need to be stirred continuously in sintering, sintering process；Cool to room temperature with the furnace.
The preparation system of the aluminum matrix composite includes：Heating furnace, the stirring being stirred to material in heating furnace dress
Put and temperature controlled temperature control box is carried out to heating furnace, the agitating device includes stirring rod, drives the stirring rod circumference
The power set of rotation, wherein, the one end of the stirring rod connects the power set, and the other end of the stirring rod is set
There is stirring vane, the blade is two rows along the upper and lower arrangement of stirring rod axis, circumferencial direction cloth of each row's blade along stirring rod
Put, the blade is in rectangular configuration, the blade is with the horizontal 15 ° of angles, the blade and the blade of lower row arranged in stirring rod
It is staggered；
The power set include radial drilling machine and the stirring motor being arranged on the radial drilling machine, the stirring electricity
The power end of machine is connected with the stirring rod, and the stirring rod surface scribbles high-temperature resistant anti-corrosive ceramic material.
The temperature control box obtains the temperature of heating furnace, the side wall of the heating furnace sidewall centre position bottom by thermocouple
Survey hole of thermocouple is provided with, the thermocouple is arranged on the survey hole of thermocouple.
The heating furnace includes shell, heating furnace closure and the crucible being arranged in the shell, wherein described add
Hot stove closure is two semicircle enclosing covers mutually spelled, and mobile ear is covered with outside, and a circle for being used as stirring rod passage is opened in centre
Hole.
The crucible is cylindric, and top is provided with flange outer ring, and two of length no more than stoves are welded with outer flange
The short cylindrical of enclosing cover internal diameter.
The microstructure observation of creeper tread
The microstructure of creeper tread：The even tissue of composite material creeper tread is tiny, SiC thereinpEven particle distribution,
Without segregation phenomenon, without obvious stomata, it is mingled with, the defect such as aoxidizes, crystal boundary is well combined, no SiCpParticle piles up phenomenon.
The Mechanics Performance Testing of creeper tread
According to the job requirement at accessory size and each position, four different parts of creeper tread are sampled and are processed into
Tensile sample as shown in Figure 2.Sampling point is as shown in Figure 3
Wherein the position of the pickup of tensile sample 1 is the creeper tread bottom of diagram corresponding position, and sample 2 is the outer of creeper tread
Punch-pin shaping, the pressure suffered by it is small compared with position 3 (convex contour forming position), and the position of the pickup of sample 4 is creeper tread
Lead tooth (70mm is high).
Hardness test is carried out first, and sample position is identical with tensile sample.Tester is surveyed for MICRO-586HV hardness
Instrument is tried, the load of selection is 200g, dwell time 15s.Hardness specimens will ensure that tested surface is smooth seamless, and flat with placed side
OK, to ensure that measurement is accurate, repeatedly measurement, which is averaged, is calculated[50].Due to SiCpParticle enhanced aluminum-based composite material
SiC is distributed with creeper treadpParticle, hardness can be very high if test position is on reinforcement material, on matrix material then
It is relatively low, therefore select SiC when being tested in this experimentpThe equally distributed point of particle, each sample is surveyed 5~7 points and carried out
Calculate, tension test and hardness test result are as shown in Table 6-1.
The mechanical experimental results of table 6-1 creeper treads
Table 6-1 Mechanical properties test results of creeper tread
SiCpThe hardness of particle is very high, and preferably soft or hard cooperation, composite are formd after being mixed with softer aluminium alloy
Hardness is very high, and SiC during material stresspParticle hinders the dislocation motion of matrix material, and grain sliding is obstructed, thus composite wood
Material has higher specific strength.Test result indicates that, using SiCpParticle enhanced aluminum-based composite material prepare creeper tread it is strong
Degree, hardness performance are higher, meet design requirement.
SiCp/2A50 composite-material abrasive Journal of Sex Research
Creeper tread is vehicle to run parts, and its wear resistance is one of main performance index, using aluminum-base composite material
The main purpose one of material is loss of weight, and two be exactly to improve abrasion resistance properties.Therefore to SiCp/ 2A50 composite-material abrasives performance and its
The research of influence factor is particularly important.
Testing equipment and principle
Machine used in friction-wear test is the YTN-TB-100 fretting wears that low-temperature physics research institute of Ukraine produces
Testing machine, the testing machine is pin disc type sliding frictional wear testing machine, and experiment is carried out at normal temperatures, and sliding speed can be adjusted.
That used is GCr15 to mill material, and hardness is 63HRC, and sample and mill are plane contact sliding frictions, are tested in unlubricated friction rub piece
Carried out under part.
Fig. 5 is pin disc type sliding friction schematic diagram, and it is that sample is fixed in the above, and sample is static, mill rotation
Sliding relative movement is produced between sample.Certain pressure can be applied during experiment to sample makes it produce friction with rotating circular disk
Power, frictional force is exported by sensor, for evaluating and calculating the polishing machine of various friction pairs and sample material.
Fretting wear sample makes 6 × 6 × 18mm cuboid, surfacing no marking.During wear test, per 10s~
15s records a frictional force, to analyze the coefficient of friction changing rule of product；Sample is removed to weighing from testing machine per 5min
Quality, to analyze the matter damage amount of sample with the changing rule of different materials proportioning and preparation technology.
Testing program
Experiment is divided into two groups, and first group is pressure 40N, sliding speed in identical friction condition：0.4m/s, sliding distance：
500m, time：1250s.
Influence of the material preparation parameter to wear extent, preparation parameter is divided into：
(1) influence of the different mixing speeds to product wearability.
(2) influence of the different mixings time to product wearability.
(3) influence of the different whipping temps to product wearability.
(4) different SiCpInfluence of the volume fraction to product wearability.
Second group is the material prepared under selecting first group of optimal conditions, with matrix alloy 2A50 under identical friction condition
With the anti-wear performance contrast test of steel.
Test results and analysis
Because the abrasion of material is a kind of sufficiently complex dynamic physics and chemical process, the wearability of material is one
The property of system, it is affected by many factors, therefore wear extent data are more scattered, wear extent and fraction time, payload, profit
Sliding condition is relevant, is analyzed here using unitary variant experiment, to study shadow of the different technological parameters to product wearability
Ring.
Influence of the different mixing speeds to creeper tread wearability
Contrast of the material in wear test result is prepared under different mixing speeds.The other preparation parameter SiC of materialpGranularity
7 μm, volume fraction 7.5vol%, 660 DEG C of whipping temp, mixing time 50min.It can be seen that mixing speed is bigger, matter damage amount is smaller,
The performance of product friction resistant abrasion is better.Because mixing speed is higher, stirred in same time evenly, SiCpParticle
Dispersed precipitate effect in aluminium liquid is more preferable.But preventing that speed is excessive again when being stirred, aluminium liquid is splashed, whipping temp control
System is more suitable in 1000r/min or so, in this paper research, will according to the speed of agitator and the requirement of suitable wearability
Speed control is in 875r/min.
Influence of the different mixings time to creeper tread wearability
Composite material creeper tread wear extent curve prepared by different mixings time.Other parameters prepared by sample： SiCp
7 μm of granularity, volume fraction 7.5vol%, 620 DEG C of whipping temp (semisolid), mixing speed 875r/min.Mixing time is distinguished
For 10min, 30min, 60min, 100min.As seen from the experiment：The wear extent of product is first with the increase of mixing time
Reduce, but upon agitation between increase on the contrary more than its wear extent after 60min, wearability decrease.Mixing time increase, SiCp
Grain being more evenly distributed in aluminium liquid, reinforcement material will play more preferable supporting role, the enhancing of product wearability.Mixing time
Long, having the impurity such as gas, moisture and being involved in makes matrix material oxidation to make SiC on the contrarypThe combination of particle and aluminium liquid weakens, system
Part wear resistance decrease.From the point of view of result of the test, it is more suitable in 40min~60min that mixing time is controlled.Difference stirring temperature
Spend the influence to creeper tread wearability
Composite material creeper tread prepared by three groups of different whipping temps and time.Technological parameter during preparation is shown in Table 6-2.
As a result show, the size order of wear extent is：△Ma2>△Ma3>△Ma4>△Ma5>△Ma1>△Ma6.As a result show：With stirring
Temperature increases, and mixing time increase, the wear extent of product reduces, abrasion resistance enhancing.Product a2Temperature it is low, be in semisolid
At a temperature of stir composite formed, its matter damage amount is maximum, and increasingly faster phenomenon is presented in its quality rate of wear, that is, weares and teares
Amount increases increasing with the time.Product a3~a6Temperature is raised successively, and its wear extent is less and less.Temperature be 660 DEG C and
Product wear extent under the conditions of 680 DEG C obtained by stirring is more or less the same, i.e., this interval temperature changes
The preparation parameter of table 6-2 difference whipping temp samples
Table 6-2 Preparation parameters of different mixing temperature
It is little on wearability influence.And the wear extent of product is obvious much when whipping temp reaches 700 DEG C of stirring 60min
Less than the wear extent of other products, wearability is best.Because temperature is raised, aluminium liquid mobility is more preferable, with mixing time
Increase, the rise of whipping temp, liquid viscosity reduces the enhancing of mobility, and the flow resistances of SiCp particles reduces in the base
The state of uniform Dispersed precipitate is just presented, enhancing effect is more preferable, therefore the wearability of product is most strong.Product a1In temperature 600
DEG C semisolid under the conditions of be stirred, but its anti-wear performance is also preferable.Because preparing product a1Material, make use of
Prepare a6A stove material, be stirred continuously during material is reduced to semi-solid temperature from liquid temperature, treat that it is reduced to
It is stirred for carrying out castable in 10 minutes after 600 DEG C of semi-solid temperature, stirring rod blade is to material during temperature is reduced
Shearing force is generated, the dendrite of material under liquid has been smashed, and its mixing time is longer, and SiCp distribution of particles can be more equal
It is even, therefore its wearability is also preferable.This group is test result indicates that the composite stirred under the conditions of 660 DEG C~700 DEG C liquid
Anti-wear performance is best.
Influence of the SiCp grain volume fractions to creeper tread wearability
SiCp reinforced particulate fractions are to influence one of key factor of product wearability, with SiCpThe increasing of content
Plus, the wear extent of product is substantially reduced, and wearability is significantly increased.Compared with matrix alloy, 10% SiC is addedpWear extent afterwards
Reduce 57vol%~69vol%.
SiCp/ 2A50 composites and matrix alloy, No. 45 steel, 38CrSi wear extenies are compared.
The wear extent of creeper tread prepared by different materials compares.Four groups of creeper treads are respectively：Aluminum matrix alloy liquid forging
Shaping, aluminum matrix alloy shape under as cast condition, containing 5vol%SiCpAnd contain 10vol%SiCpThe aluminum matrix composite liquid of particle
State die-forging forming.It is apparent that wear extent size order is：△MAs cast condition>△MFine aluminium>△M5%SiCp> △M10%SiCpSame fricting strip
SiC under partpParticle enhanced aluminum-based composite material prepare creeper tread wear extent well below creeper tread prepared by other materials, plus
Enter 10vol%SiCpThe composite of particle is good to the enhancing effect of matrix, and the average abrasion amount of unit interval is reduced to 7.5 ×
10-7G/s, with not adding SiCpThe pure aluminum alloy product of particle is compared, and wearability improves 57%~69%.
The coefficient of friction of SiCp/2A50 creeper treads
Determine SiCpCoefficient of friction when particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material friction velocity is 0.4m/s, friction coefficient μ
Calculation formula：
μ=F/P (6-1)
F in formula --- frictional force (N)；
P --- added load is 40N on sample.
When friction velocity is 0.4m/s, the coefficient of friction of composite is between 0.565~0.578, SiCp content
Coefficient of friction influence on composite is little.
Wear shape and abrasion mechanism
For study creeper tread wear out failure mechanism, observed with SEM whipping temp for 600 DEG C, 700
DEG C prepare 10vol%SiCpThe wear morphology of composite friction sample under 0.4m/s friction velocities, comes from wear morphology
See, the abrasion of material based on abrasive wear, and or have a certain degree of adhesive wear, but the degree of abrasive wear has
Bigger difference, adhesive wear and any mechanism of abrasive wear account for leading relevant with material composition and preparation technology.
Preparation temperature is 600 DEG C under the conditions of semisolid, there is more serious adhesive wear.Preparation temperature is 700 DEG C, material
Anti-wear performance strengthens, and wearability is typical abrasive wear from the point of view of its wear morphology preferably, and there are some adhesions a small number of parts
Occur.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is noted that for this skill
For the those of ordinary skill in art field, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, can also make it is some improvement and
Modification, these improvement and modification also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of SiCp/2A50 creeper treads Part Produced by Rheological Die Forging forming technology, it is characterised in that described creeper tread utilizes rheoforging
Die forging system is processed, and described creeper tread moulding process includes：
Prepare aluminum matrix composite；
Aluminum matrix composite quantitative pouring prepared by mechanical mixing method is entered in creeper tread forming cavity using Combined Loading method
Row die-forging forming, the Combined Loading die-forging forming is specifically included, and before pressurization die forging, is adjusted the pretension amount of disc spring, is made inside and outside
Punch-pin generation difference in height, i.e. feeding amount S, the descending pressurization of hydraulic press, interior punch-pin, which first contacts aluminum matrix composite, during pressurization fills it
Full die cavity, continues to pressure, interior punch-pin tends to be static, outer punch-pin have continue to move to apart from S, the material to having tended to solidification
Local load and feeding are imposed, plastic deformation is brought it about, for a period of time, die sinking promotes push rod ejection to make by liftout tank for pressurize
Part, wherein, the feeding amount S is 6.5mm；Forming parameters：300 DEG C~350 DEG C of mold preheating temperature；Than pressure 108MPa；
Pressing speed 15mm/s；Dwell time 10s~20s；Lubricant：From grease stone mill as lubricant, in mold temperature preheating
When between to 120 DEG C~200 DEG C, spray and graphite on mould；
The preparation method of described aluminum matrix composite includes：
Material is selected：Matrix material is 2A50 forging aluminium alloys, and reinforcement material is SiCp particles, and SiCp grains degree is 7 μm,
Volume fraction 10%；
SiCp particles are pre-processed, standby reinforcement particle is obtained；
Melting 2A50 aluminium alloys：With crucible for smelting aluminium alloy to 640 DEG C~660 DEG C, refining agent is added, refining removes the gred after 5 minutes,
Aluminum alloy melt is stirred during slagging-off, and moved up and down；
1.5wt%~2wt% pure Mg is added in aluminum alloy melt；
SiCp particles are preheated：SiCp particles are wrapped up with 10g aluminium foils, 600 DEG C are heated in the crucible for being put into heating furnace, and
It is incubated 30min to 60min；
First the SiCp particles after preheating are added in stirring crucible, aluminum alloy melt is then added, is heated, whipping temp 610
DEG C~615 DEG C of mixing speed 875r/min；Mixing time 40min~60min, during stirring, is adjusted according to the material content in crucible
The upper-lower position of stirring rod is saved, stirring rod direction of rotation is changed after often stirring 3 to 8 minutes；
Described rheoforging die forging system includes：The preparation facilities of aluminum matrix composite, crawler belt board forming die, for providing
The hydraulic press of crawler belt board forming die punch pressure；Wherein, the crawler belt board forming die at least includes：Lower template, is arranged on
Core is provided between cavity plate in the lower template, cavity plate, core both sides are provided with push rod, and cope plate, are connected on described
Interior punch-pin is provided with the middle of outer punch-pin in template, the outer punch-pin, interior punch-pin is bolted on cope plate, the bolt
Above-mentioned to be provided with butterfly spring, the butterfly spring is arranged between cope plate and interior punch-pin, cavity plate, outer punch-pin, interior punch-pin, evagination
Mould, push rod formation creeper tread forming cavity.
2. SiCp/2A50 creeper treads Part Produced by Rheological Die Forging forming technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also including inciting somebody to action
Thixotropic forging creeper tread product carries out T6 heat treatments, and its Technology for Heating Processing is：In 500 DEG C of solution treatment 3 hours, it is put into water and quenches
Fiery 20min, then in 160 DEG C of Ageing Treatments 10 hours, takes out creeper tread and is air-cooled to room temperature.
3. SiCp/2A50 creeper treads Part Produced by Rheological Die Forging forming technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that to SiCp
Grain carries out pretreatment and specifically included：
Pickling：Pickling is carried out with 10% HF solution immersion SiCp particles 24h；
Cleaning：SiCp suspensions after pickling 24h are cleaned multiple times with a large amount of distilled water, first water are changed within every 1~2 hour,
Until solution reaches neutrality；
Drying：The clear water of SiCp liquid surfaces is removed, 24h~28h is dried under conditions of 140 DEG C~160 DEG C in drying baker；
Grinding：There is caking phenomenon in SiCp after drying, is ground with mortar, becomes powdered, sealing after grinding
Preserve；
Sintering：The SiCp handled by said process needs to sinter 2~3 hours under 800 DEG C of ± 5 DEG C of high temperature.
4. SiCp/2A50 creeper treads Part Produced by Rheological Die Forging forming technology according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described burning
Knot process is specially：Crucible is put into heating furnace and is preheating to 100 DEG C~150 DEG C with stove, by SiCp particles be put into crucible with
Stove heat is to 300 DEG C~400 DEG C, insulation 30min or so, and is stirred continuously；It is heated to 800 DEG C to be sintered, in sintering process
Need to be stirred continuously；Cool to room temperature with the furnace.
5. mechanical mixing method according to claim 1 prepares the device of aluminum matrix composite, it is characterised in that the aluminium base
The preparation system of composite includes：Heating furnace, the agitating device being stirred to material in heating furnace and heating furnace is entered
The temperature control box of trip temperature control, the agitating device includes stirring rod, the power set of the driving stirring rod circumference rotation, its
In, the one end of the stirring rod connects the power set, and the other end of the stirring rod is provided with stirring vane, the leaf
Piece is two rows along the upper and lower arrangement of stirring rod axis, and circumferential directions of each row's blade along stirring rod, the blade is rectangular
Structure, the blade is with the horizontal 15 ° of angles, and the blade and the blade stagger of lower row arranged in stirring rod are set；
The power set include radial drilling machine and the stirring motor being arranged on the radial drilling machine, the stirring motor
Power end is connected with the stirring rod, and the stirring rod surface scribbles high-temperature resistant anti-corrosive ceramic material.
6. mechanical mixing method according to claim 1 prepares the device of aluminum matrix composite, it is characterised in that the temperature control
Case obtains the temperature of heating furnace by thermocouple, and the side wall of the heating furnace sidewall centre position bottom is provided with thermocouple temperature measurement
Hole, the thermocouple is arranged on the survey hole of thermocouple.
7. mechanical mixing method according to claim 1 prepares the device of aluminum matrix composite, it is characterised in that the heating
Stove includes shell, heating furnace closure and the crucible being arranged in the shell, wherein the heating furnace closure is two
The semicircle enclosing cover mutually spelled, is covered with mobile ear outside, and a circular hole for being used as stirring rod passage is opened in centre.
8. mechanical mixing method according to claim 2 prepares the device of aluminum matrix composite, it is characterised in that the crucible
To be cylindric, top is provided with flange outer ring, and the short cylindrical of two of length no more than stove enclosing cover internal diameters is welded with outer flange.
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Cited By (1)
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