CN107187020A - A kind of fibre reinforced composites 3D printing assistant formation method - Google Patents
A kind of fibre reinforced composites 3D printing assistant formation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107187020A CN107187020A CN201710420899.6A CN201710420899A CN107187020A CN 107187020 A CN107187020 A CN 107187020A CN 201710420899 A CN201710420899 A CN 201710420899A CN 107187020 A CN107187020 A CN 107187020A
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- printing
- prepreg
- fibre reinforced
- reinforced composites
- formation method
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
- B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
- B29C70/342—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation using isostatic pressure
Abstract
A kind of fibre reinforced composites 3D printing assistant formation method, FDM 3D printings shaping is combined with continuous fiber composite material forming method, shaping mould is used as using FDM 3D forming parts, composite molding mode is pressed in the laying of the laying and auxiliary material of above-mentioned piece surface completion prepreg by pre-preg vacuum bag, and the solidification of prepreg is completed in the presence of certain temperature and pressure, remove backing material and clean, dry.By flexibility, high accuracy and the high-strength advantage of composite material light for cooperateing with FDM 3D printings to be molded, the shortcoming that the former intensity is small, the latter is stripped difficulty after being molded is solved, the fiber reinforcement compound material piece shaping of labyrinth is completed.
Description
Technical field
A kind of fibre reinforced composites forming field of the present invention, and in particular to fibre reinforced composites 3D printing auxiliary
Forming method.
Background technology
Fiber Reinforced Composite Materials are a kind of using macromolecule resin as matrix, and what is formed by reinforcement of fiber is more
Phase composite materials, because it has high specific strength, high ratio modulus, the designability material of laying, shaping and shaping structures synchronous
Many advantages, such as completion and integration are molded needs lightweight field to obtain increasingly in Aeronautics and Astronautics, military hardware, automobile etc.
It is widely applied.Prepreg-vacuum flexible bag moulding is one of important molding mode of Fiber Reinforced Composite Materials, into
Mould is needed in type mode to ensure consistency, external dimensions precision and the surface quality inside product, but for complexity knot
The product of structure, the demoulding of composite product is difficult, it is often necessary to by external force, and certain damage will necessarily be produced to product,
The mechanical property of product is reduced, shortens its service life.
3D printing technique belongs to rapid shaping technique, with flexible design freedom, realizes complicated shape part
Quickly and critically manufacture, solve shaping for the parts with complex structures that many use traditional handicrafts are difficult to manufacture, reduce
Frock, simplifies manufacturing procedure, shortens the process-cycle, and integrated molding manufacture and the high-end Aero-Space essence of product are promoted significantly
The close development become more meticulous.FDM (fusion sediment printing) 3D printing shaping is the important molding mode of a class in increasing material manufacturing, specifically
Melted for thread heat-fusible materials are heated, then squeeze out by the shower nozzle of minute nozzle the cross-sectional profiles of workpiece, foundation
The generation path profile that slice computer software is drawn, the reciprocating motion of shower nozzle on the table successively forms thin slice, repeats this mistake
Journey, just can produce final products.
For the fiber reinforcement compound material piece shaping of labyrinth, FDM 3D printings are molded and continuous fine by the present invention
Tie up composite material forming method to combine, using FDM 3D forming parts as shaping mould, composite is pressed by prepreg-vacuum bag
Molding mode, the laying of the laying and auxiliary material of prepreg is completed in above-mentioned piece surface, and in certain temperature and pressure
The lower solidification for completing prepreg of effect.It is high by the flexibility, high accuracy and the composite material light that cooperate with FDM 3D printings to be molded
Strong advantage, realizes being manufactured without mold for fibre reinforced composites, it is to avoid composite product performance caused by the demoulding
Decline.
The content of the invention
When the present invention is in order to solve to make the product of labyrinth using composite, the demoulding is difficult, by external force meeting again
Certain damage is produced to product, reduction product mechanical property, the defect of reduction of service life are multiple there is provided a kind of fiber reinforcement
Condensation material 3D printing assistant formation method.The present invention is by by FDM 3D printings shaping and continuous fiber composite material forming method
With reference to using FDM 3D forming parts as shaping mould, by prepreg-vacuum bag pressure composite molding mode, above-mentioned zero
Part surface completes the laying of the laying and auxiliary material of prepreg, and the completion prepreg in the presence of certain temperature and pressure
Solidification.By flexibility, high accuracy and the high-strength advantage of composite material light for cooperateing with FDM 3D printings to be molded, realize that fiber increases
Strong composite without mold manufacture, it is to avoid the decline of composite product performance caused by the demoulding.The present invention be by with
What lower technical scheme was realized：
(1) FDM 3D printings are molded
According to the graphics of final product, the generation path profile of final product is obtained by Slice Software, 3D printing is set
The print parameters of machine, and according to structure choice backing material, the supporting form of final product, 3D printer is opened, start printing
Program, 3D printer operation, obtains the 3D printing part combined with backing material；
(2) piece surface roughening is handled
3D printing accessory inner surface or the backing material of outer surface are removed to the 3D printing part obtained in step (1),
Then outer surface or inner surface are roughened by sand-blasting machine, and the surface debris after processing is cleared up；
(3) paving of prepreg and auxiliary material
The 3D printing part coarse surface obtained in step (2), by design ply stacking-sequence, laying includes successively paving successively
Glued membrane, prepreg, release cloth, barrier film, airfelt, vacuum bag film, sealing laying layer periphery simultaneously reserved vacuum introducing port, and
Move into baking oven；
(4) prepreg-vacuum flexible bag moulding
The laying layer of the 3D printing part obtained to step (3) carries out vacuumizing pre-compacted, and vacuum pressure is 0.090~
0.098Mpa, and 1~2h of heat-insulation pressure keeping under the conditions of 50~60 DEG C, afterwards under not higher than 3 DEG C/min heating rates, are warming up to
130 DEG C, and 2h is incubated, after the prepreg is fully cured, start cooling, in temperature-fall period, keep vacuum pressure to temperature
Less than 60 DEG C are down to, vacuum bag film, airfelt, barrier film, release cloth are removed successively；
(5) backing material is removed
The 3D printing part that step (4) is obtained, which is put into the supersonic cleaning machine equipped with NaOH solution, to be cleaned by ultrasonic,
Until removing the backing material of 3D printing part completely；
(6) cleaning is with drying
3D printing part in step (5) is cleaned up with water, and dries the final product of acquisition naturally.
Beneficial effects of the present invention include：
1st, is improved by its surface roughness, strengthens itself and glue for the processing of 3D printing piece surface roughening by physical method
Film mechanical snap power, while increasing the faying face of itself and glued membrane, realizes the significantly enhancing of its adhesive strength between prepreg.
2nd, by application of the water-soluble material as supporting construction, fiber prepreg material is met in certain temperature and pressure
Dimensional stability during solidification.
3rd, lead to FDM 3D forming parts as shaping mould, completed with reference to prepreg-vacuum bag pressure composite molding mode
Product after prepreg solidification need not remove mould, it is to avoid the demoulding causes the mechanical properties decrease of product, while also shorten
Manufacturing cycle.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is technical solution of the present invention flow chart.
Fig. 2 is the rib graphics of unmanned plane aileron in embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is the rib that the 3D printing that the backing material of embodiment 1 is combined comes out, wherein the part of white is 3D printing part body
Material, black is backing material；.
Fig. 4 is the rib that embodiment 1 removes exterior surface backing material.
Fig. 5 is the 3D printing rib product of the glass fiber reinforcement of embodiment 1.
Fig. 6 is the 3D printing rib product of the fibre reinforced of embodiment 2.
Fig. 7 is the 3D printing rib product of the fibre reinforced of embodiment 3.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, it is right below in conjunction with drawings and Examples
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that embodiment described herein is only to explain the present invention,
It is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1：
The present embodiment provides a kind of fibre reinforced composites 3D printing assistant formation method example, and its structural representation is as schemed
Shown in 2.
Specific technical solution is as follows：
(1) FDM 3D printings are molded
According to the graphics of unmanned plane aileron rib, the generation path profile of part is drawn by Cura Slice Softwares, setting is beaten
Parameter (thickness 0.1, speed 35mm/s, 195 ° of nozzle temperature, 60 ° of hott bed) is printed, and ABS silk materials are selected according to design of part selection
As material of main part, polyvinyl alcohol silk material is as backing material, using real cored structure as supporting form, opens 3D printer,
Start print routine, 3D printer operation obtains the 3D printing part combined with backing material, as shown in Figure 3.Pass through polyethylene
Alcohol silk material meets dimensionally stable of the fiber prepreg material in certain temperature and pressure solidification as the application of backing material
Property.
(2) piece surface roughening is handled
As shown in figure 4, being roughened to the rib obtained in step (1) using the method for physics, rib is removed first
The backing material of outer surface, is roughened by sand-blasting machine to outer surface, the surface debris after cleaning processing, is finally led to
Cross alcohol solvent and carry out surface clean.Roughening processing, improves rib surface roughness, strengthens itself and the mechanical snap-in force of glued membrane,
Increase the faying face of itself and glued membrane simultaneously, realize the significantly enhancing of its adhesive strength between prepreg.
(3) paving of prepreg and auxiliary material
The rib outer surface obtained in step (2), by design sequence successively one layer of epoxy resin glued membrane, threeply of paving successively
Degree 0.2mm glass-epoxy prepreg, release cloth, barrier film, airfelt, are finally capped one layer of vacuum bag film, close
Periphery and reserved vacuum introducing port are sealed, and is moved into baking oven.
(4) prepreg-vacuum flexible bag moulding
Above-mentioned laying layer is carried out vacuumizing pre-compacted, vacuum pressure 0.095Mpa, and the heat-insulation pressure keeping under the conditions of 55 DEG C
2h, afterwards under 2 DEG C/min heating rates, is warming up to 130 DEG C, and is incubated 2h, after prepreg is fully cured, and starts cooling, in drop
During temperature, keep vacuum pressure to temperature to be down to 40 DEG C, vacuum bag film, airfelt, barrier film, release cloth are removed successively.
(5) backing material is removed
The fiber reinforcement 3D printing rib that step (4) is obtained is put into the excusing from death cleaning machine equipped with 0.5mol/L NaOH solutions,
Excusing from death cleaning 2h is carried out, until internal backing material can be removed completely.
(6) cleaning is with drying
Fiber reinforcement 3D printing rib in step (5) is cleaned up with water, and dries acquisition final product (figure naturally
5)。
Embodiment 2：
The present embodiment provides a kind of fibre reinforced composites 3D printing assistant formation method example, specific technology solution party
Case is as follows：
(1) FDM 3D printings are molded
According to the graphics of unmanned plane aileron rib, the generation path profile of part is drawn by Slice Software Maker, setting is beaten
Parameter, thickness 0.2, speed 50mm/s, 195 ° of nozzle temperature, 60 ° of hott bed are printed, and ABS silk materials are selected according to design of part selection
As material of main part, polyvinyl alcohol silk material is as backing material, using coil structure as form, opens 3D printer, starts
Print routine, 3D printer operation, obtains the 3D printing part combined with backing material.
(2) piece surface roughening is handled
The rib obtained in step (1) is roughened using the method for physics, the fid of rib inner surface is removed
Material, is roughened by sand-blasting machine inner surface, the surface debris after cleaning processing, is carried out finally by alcohol solvent
Surface clean.
(3) paving of prepreg and auxiliary material
The rib outer surface obtained in step (2), by design sequence successively one layer of epoxy resin glued membrane, threeply of paving successively
Degree 0.2mm carbon fiber epoxy prepreg, release cloth, barrier film, airfelt, are finally capped one layer of vacuum bag film, sealing
Periphery and reserved vacuum introducing port, and move into baking oven.
(4) prepreg-vacuum flexible bag moulding
Above-mentioned laying layer is carried out vacuumizing pre-compacted, vacuum pressure 0.090Mpa, and the heat-insulation pressure keeping under the conditions of 60 DEG C
2h, afterwards under 1 DEG C/min heating rates, is warming up to 130 DEG C, and is incubated 2h, after prepreg is fully cured, and starts cooling, in drop
During temperature, keep vacuum pressure to temperature to be down to 30 DEG C, vacuum bag film, airfelt, barrier film, release cloth are removed successively.
(5) backing material is removed
The fiber reinforcement 3D printing rib that step (4) is obtained is put into the excusing from death cleaning machine equipped with 1mol/L NaOH solutions, enters
Row excusing from death cleaning 2h, until internal backing material can be removed completely.
(6) cleaning is with drying
Fiber reinforcement 3D printing rib in step (5) is cleaned up with water, and dries the final product of acquisition naturally, is such as schemed
Shown in 6.
Embodiment 3：
The present embodiment provides a kind of fibre reinforced composites 3D printing assistant formation method example, specific technology solution party
Case is as follows：
(1) FDM 3D printings are molded
According to the graphics of unmanned plane aileron rib, the generation path profile of part is drawn by Slice Software Slic3r, is set
Print parameters, thickness 0.1, speed 35mm/s, 195 ° of nozzle temperature, 60 ° of hott bed, and select ABS according to design of part selection
Material is as material of main part, and polyvinyl alcohol silk material is as backing material, using coil structure as form, opens 3D printer, opens
Dynamic print routine, 3D printer operation, obtains the 3D printing part combined with backing material.
(2) piece surface roughening is handled
The rib obtained in step (1) is roughened using the method for physics, the fid of rib inner surface is removed
Material, is roughened by sand-blasting machine inner surface, the surface debris after cleaning processing, is carried out finally by alcohol solvent
Surface clean.
(3) paving of prepreg and auxiliary material
The rib outer surface obtained in step (2), by design sequence successively one layer of epoxy resin glued membrane, threeply of paving successively
Degree 0.2mm carbon fiber epoxy prepreg, release cloth, barrier film, airfelt, are finally capped one layer of vacuum bag film, sealing
Periphery and reserved vacuum introducing port, and move into baking oven.
(4) prepreg-vacuum flexible bag moulding
Above-mentioned laying layer is carried out vacuumizing pre-compacted, vacuum pressure 0.098Mpa, and the heat-insulation pressure keeping under the conditions of 50 DEG C
2h, afterwards under 3 DEG C/min heating rates, is warming up to 130 DEG C, and is incubated 2h, after prepreg is fully cured, and starts cooling, in drop
During temperature, keep vacuum pressure to temperature to be down to 60 DEG C, vacuum bag film, airfelt, barrier film, release cloth are removed successively.
(5) backing material is removed
The fiber reinforcement 3D printing rib that step (4) is obtained is put into the excusing from death cleaning machine equipped with 0.1mol/L NaOH solutions,
Excusing from death cleaning 2h is carried out, until internal backing material can be removed completely.
(6) cleaning is with drying
Fiber reinforcement 3D printing rib in step (5) is cleaned up with water, and dries the final product of acquisition naturally, is such as schemed
Shown in 7.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that prepreg is not limited to glass-epoxy and carbon fiber ring oxygen tree
Fat, or Kafra fiber epoxy resin etc. and other thermosets；It the foregoing is only the preferable implementation of the present invention
Example, is not intended to limit the invention, any modification for being made within the spirit and principles of the invention, equivalent substitution and
Improve etc., it should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of fibre reinforced composites 3D printing assistant formation method, it is characterised in that specific step is as follows：
(1) FDM 3D printings are molded
According to the graphics of final product, the generation path profile of final product is obtained by Slice Software, 3D printer is set
Print parameters, and according to structure choice backing material, the supporting form of final product, 3D printer is opened, start print routine,
3D printer is run, and obtains the 3D printing part combined with backing material；
(2) piece surface roughening is handled
The 3D printing part obtained in step (1) is roughened using physical method；
(3) paving of prepreg and auxiliary material
The 3D printing part coarse surface obtained in step (2), by design ply stacking-sequence, laying includes successively the glue of paving successively
Film, prepreg, release cloth, barrier film, airfelt, vacuum bag film, sealing laying layer periphery and reserved vacuum introducing port, and move into
In baking oven；
(4) prepreg-vacuum flexible bag moulding
The laying layer of the 3D printing part obtained to step (3) carries out vacuumizing pre-compacted, and vacuum pressure is 0.090~
0.098Mpa, and 1~2h of heat-insulation pressure keeping under the conditions of 50~60 DEG C, afterwards under not higher than 3 DEG C/min heating rates, are warming up to
130 DEG C, and 2h is incubated, after the prepreg is fully cured, start cooling, in temperature-fall period, keep vacuum pressure to temperature
Less than 60 DEG C are down to, vacuum bag film, airfelt, barrier film, release cloth are removed successively；
(5) backing material is removed
The 3D printing part that step (4) is obtained is put into equipped with concentration as in the supersonic cleaning machine of 0.1~1mol/L NaOH solutions
It is cleaned by ultrasonic, until removing the backing material outside 3D printing part completely；
(6) cleaning is with drying
3D printing part in step (5) is cleaned up with water, and dries the final product of acquisition naturally.
2. a kind of fibre reinforced composites 3D printing assistant formation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
Suddenly the backing material described in (1) is water miscible high polymer material.
3. a kind of fibre reinforced composites 3D printing assistant formation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
Suddenly the supporting form described in (1) is one kind in coil structure, real cored structure form.
4. a kind of fibre reinforced composites 3D printing assistant formation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
The processing of roughening described in step (2) is stated, 3D printing accessory inner surface or the backing material of outer surface, Ran Houtong are removed first
Cross sand-blasting machine inner surface or outer surface is roughened, and the surface debris after processing is cleared up.
5. a kind of fibre reinforced composites 3D printing assistant formation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
It is thermosetting resin prepreg to state the prepreg described in step (3).
6. a kind of fibre reinforced composites 3D printing assistant formation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
State in step (4), the laying of the 3D printing part obtained to the step (3) carries out vacuumizing pre-compacted, vacuum pressure 0.095
~0.098Mpa, and the heat-insulation pressure keeping 2h under the conditions of 55~60 DEG C, afterwards under 1~2 DEG C/min heating rates, are warming up to 130
DEG C, and 2h is incubated, after the prepreg is fully cured, start cooling, in temperature-fall period, keep vacuum pressure to temperature to be down to
Less than 30~40 DEG C, vacuum bag film, airfelt, barrier film, release cloth are removed successively.
7. a kind of fibre reinforced composites 3D printing assistant formation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
It is 0.5~1mol/L to state NaOH solution concentration in step (5).
8. according to a kind of any described fibre reinforced composites 3D printing assistant formation methods of claim 1-7, its feature
It is, the fibre reinforced composites are one kind in carbon fiber, Kafra fiber, glass fibre.
9. according to a kind of any described fibre reinforced composites 3D printing assistant formation method of claim 8, its feature exists
In the backing material is polyvinyl alcohol silk material.
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