CN107178541B - The submissive loading control method in hydraulic loading test machine initial load domain - Google Patents
The submissive loading control method in hydraulic loading test machine initial load domain Download PDFInfo
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- CN107178541B CN107178541B CN201710601041.XA CN201710601041A CN107178541B CN 107178541 B CN107178541 B CN 107178541B CN 201710601041 A CN201710601041 A CN 201710601041A CN 107178541 B CN107178541 B CN 107178541B
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B19/00—Testing; Calibrating; Fault detection or monitoring; Simulation or modelling of fluid-pressure systems or apparatus not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of starting loaded segment load flexibility loading control methods of hydraulic loading test machine, comprising: load start secure displacement point determines method, the initial segment load region calculation method, the proportional pressure control valve typical case value calculating method in the initial segment region, the proportional flow control valve typical case value calculating method in the initial segment region, the initial segment displacement-loading force composite control method and the initial segment-submissive method for handover control of almost linear loaded segment.The present invention solves the problems, such as to originate segment hopping, step load in the loading procedure of full load domain, meets laboratory or industrial scientific produces the needs of accurately loading to load.The initial segment load Shared control method of the invention is applied in actual operation, realizes the Shared control of load the initial segment, and meeting material can requirement of the load on power measurement with the assessment of other mechanical properties to large-tonnage, accurate testing machine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of control methods, and in particular to a kind of submissive load control in hydraulic loading test machine initial load domain
Method processed, belongs to field of intelligent control technology.
Background technique
Material can bearing load intensity be material property assessment and an important parameter of Material mechanics test, direct relation
To the mechanical structure performance of material.In military industry, some functional materials be not only used as the energetic element of warhead, but also as weapon
The supporting structure of system, mechanical property are directly related to the reliability and security of weapon system.The existing mechanics of materials
Intensity of load measurement is general to borrow Material Testing Machine, industrially generally based on electron servo formula Material Testing Machine.Electronic type material
Material testing machine has many advantages, such as that apparatus structure is simple, it is clean to carry out Bit andits control, operational process, environmental protection, but loaded load power
Small, loading force control accuracy difference.Compared to electron servo formula Material Testing Machine, type hydraulic actuator load equipment it is big for loading force,
The advantages that loading accuracy is high, loading procedure flexibility is good, particularly suitable for heavy load power, accurate control load, explosion-proof peace
Congruent demand.A kind of new material need to evaluate the bearing load intensity of material, the breaking load of high-acruracy survey to material, and want
Ask entire loading and unloading process submissive.The Material Testing Machine for investigating existing import type or domestic type, exist tonnage it is lower,
It is unable to reach the testing of materials requirement of 500KN equivalent, control precision is low, cannot achieve the submissive load in full load domain, and not
Safe handling function after having material fracture detection function and being broken.
For this purpose, on the basis of investigating current material loading device, passing through to meet the assessment of the mechanical property of new material
Computer sim- ulation analysis, structure Strength optimization design, fluid power system calculate and design, control system and software design etc.
Research cooperation, innovation have developed multi-functional, a big load, high-precision loading device.The hydraulic-driven of general industry application
The movement of system requirements hydraulic system is fast, pressure controling precision is not high, and strength of materials test equipment requires loading procedure slow, complete
The submissive load of process, the prior art can not be applied to the testing machine development.It is non-linear due to proportioning valve overflow valve components, only exist
Centre has approximately linear characteristic at both ends there are dead zone, and there are load in load the initial segment for loaded segment almost linear control method
Kick rises to the problem of 20KN, need to invent the starting loaded segment control method that a kind of process is submissive, speed is controllable, realizes load
The accurate control of process, meets the requirement of strength of materials precise measurement.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of Shared control method of the load the initial segment of hydraulic-driven loading tester, it is therefore an objective to solve
The initial segment load kick, discontinuous problem are loaded, realizes that starting loading procedure is continuous, speed is controllable, it is negative to meet material carrying
Lotus measures the requirement to full load domain loading procedure Shared control.
To those skilled in the art, it can clearly know, in order to smoothly implement the present invention, need at least to have
Standby following technical conditions:
Firstly, it is necessary to can be used in the material loading device of hydraulic loading test machine of the invention, the material loading device
It include necessarily fluid power system, in addition, the material loading device at least should include:
1. electricity liquid ratio relief valve or the variable pump with electricity liquid ratio relief valve, it is desirable that:
1) electricity liquid ratio relief valve meets system crest requirement, can control hydraulic coupling according to control signal almost linear;
2) electricity liquid ratio relief valve is connected in parallel on high-pressure medium oil return line.
2. electro-hydraulic proportional flow valve, it is desirable that:
1) electro-hydraulic proportional flow valve meets load most load requirement slowly, meets the velocity of displacement control of high-pressure pump driving circuit
Demand, control signal and flow have monotonicity;
2) electro-hydraulic proportional flow valve is connected on high-pressure medium oil return line.
3. the hydraulic systems attachment such as high-pressure pump, high-pressure oil pipe, electro-hydraulic reversing valve, it is desirable that:
Electro-hydraulic reversing valve has the function of turning on or off high-pressure oil passage, and high-pressure oil pipe, which meets system maximum pressure, to be wanted
It asks, the hydraulic services such as electro-hydraulic reversing valve meet the basic function demand of hydraulic system.
4. oil cylinder, it is desirable that:
Oil cylinder has linear convergent rate loading functionality, and oil cylinder bore size need to be matched with output maximum load, the medium of oil cylinder
Oil pressure has linear relationship with loading force by force.
Secondly, also needing the hardware platform of a control and detection system, which at least should include:
1) control program runs processor, it is desirable that: it is a kind of often that the processor can carry out assembler language, C language, ladder diagram etc.
See language programming, meet operation control algolithm requirement of programming, meets requirement of the algorithm operation to the speed of service;
2) the electrical systems accessory such as breaker, contactor, air switch, push-botton operation case, it is desirable that: what the accessory was set up returns
Road can meet the requirement of the safe and reliable start and stop of high-pressure pump;
3) load measurement sensor, it is desirable that: the sensor measurement range is not less than system maximum pressure range, measurement accuracy
Not less than material mechanical performance testing lowest accuracy;
4) control software programming machine and operating platform or software, it is desirable that: control algolithm programming, operating platform or soft can be carried out
Part can on demand in Correction and Control algorithm control parameter.
On the basis of aforementioned condition, the present invention provides a kind of starting loaded segment load of hydraulic loading test machine is flexible
Loading control method, comprising: load start secure displacement point determines method, the initial segment load region calculation method, the initial segment area
The proportional pressure control valve typical case value calculating method in domain, the proportional flow control valve typical case value calculating method in the initial segment region, the initial segment displacement-
Loading force composite control method and the initial segment-submissive method for handover control of almost linear loaded segment.
Further scheme is:
1) load start secure displacement point determines method, specifically:
A) fast offset speed is adjusted to proper level;
B) before testing, the shift value H on pressure-bearing material top is measured1, it is arranged apart from pressure-bearing material displacement safe displacement, is set as
H2, targeted security displacement point is H3;
H3=H1-H2
C) fast offset displacement of targets point is set on software;
D) start fast offset motion process, when reaching fast offset displacement of targets point, fast offset stops.
2) the initial segment load region calculation method, it is desirable that:
A) hydraulic dynamometer carries out fast offset movement, measures the load value of formed punch and pressure part Contact;
B) measurement three times, takes its average value F1, is the initial segment load region lower than F1 pressure stage.
3) proportional pressure control valve typical case's value calculating method in the initial segment region, specifically:
A) pressure characteristic of proportional pressure control valve, fixed proportion flow valve opening value BL0, when experiment can reach F1 are studied
The minimum aperture BY1 of proportional pressure control valve;
B) a lower value BY0 is rule of thumb chosen, a loading experiment is carried out, if pressure is after contact far more than F1,
BY0 is reduced, experiment is re-started;
C) after testing, if pressure reduces BY1 and re-starts experiment, until contact force is just got to still above F1 after contact
F1, corresponding to proportional overflow valve opening at this time is domain proportional overflow valve opening representative value BY1.
4) proportional flow control valve typical case's value calculating method in the initial segment region, specifically:
A) rating curve of proportional pressure control valve is studied, fixed proportion overflow valve opening value BY1 can in loading experiment
Control reaches idle running velocity of displacement in the proportional flow valve opening and loading procedure of F1 value and meets the requirements, as proportional flow control valve
Typical aperture;
B) rule of thumb choose a lower value BL0, carry out a loading experiment, if contact after pressure moment reach F1,
BL0 is then reduced, experiment is re-started;
C) test after, if contact after pressure still moment reach F1, reduce BL0, experiment re-started, until loading procedure
It is submissive when being loaded into F1;
If pressure is constant or loading velocity is excessively slow, then improves BL0, re-starts experiment after d) contacting;
E) after testing, if pressure is still constant after contact or power loading velocity is excessively slow, BL0 is improved, experiment is re-started,
Proportional flow valve opening when loading procedure is submissive is loaded into F1 is to load proportional flow valve opening characteristic value BL1 at a slow speed;
F) proportional flow valve opening BL2 (initial value BL1), proportional overflow valve opening BY1 in displacement process at a slow speed are set, into
Capable shift assays at a slow speed properly increase BL2 if being displaced at a slow speed too slowly;Wherein, due to the non-linear behavior of proportional flow control valve,
BL2 should not be more much larger than BL1.
5) the initial segment displacement-loading force composite control method, specifically:
A) Set scale overflow valve the initial segment opening value BY1, proportional flow control valve Bit andits control aperture BL1, proportional flow control valve
Loading force controls aperture BL2, and the initial segment loads Ending Load F1;
B) loading procedure starts, and system carries out Bit andits control at a slow speed according to the flow that BL1 is arranged;
C) when detecting that loading force has the variation of 2KN, system carries out load at a slow speed according to the flow that BL2 is arranged and controls;
D) it is loaded into F1, initiation region loading procedure terminates.
6) the submissive method for handover control of the initial segment-almost linear loaded segment, specifically:
A) it tests and determines proportional flow control valve representative value BL3 in almost linear loading procedure;
B) when being loaded into F1, the initial segment loading procedure terminates;
C) using BL1 as proportional pressure control valve initial value, the overflow valve section determined according to linear loading process is away from value, real-time update
Proportional pressure control valve opening value;
D) Set scale flow valve opening is BL3.
Through the invention, a kind of initial load Shared control method of hydraulic loading test machine is provided, solves full load
The problem of segment hopping, step load are originated in the loading procedure of lotus domain, meets laboratory or industrial scientific production is accurate to load
The demand of load.The initial segment load Shared control method of the invention is applied in actual operation, realizes load
The Shared control of the initial segment, meet material can the measurement of load on power assess with other mechanical properties to large-tonnage, accurate
The requirement of testing machine.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is overall flow schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is fluid power system simplified basic diagram.
Fig. 3 is that load start secure displacement point determines method flow diagram.
Fig. 4 is the proportional pressure control valve and proportional flow control valve typical case value calculating method flow chart in the initial segment region.
Fig. 5 is the submissive method for handover control control flow chart of the initial segment-almost linear loaded segment.
Fig. 6 is the submissive method for handover control flow chart of the initial segment-almost linear loaded segment.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings.
As shown in figures 1-6, the starting loaded segment load flexibility loading control method of a kind of hydraulic loading test machine, packet
Include: load start secure displacement point determines method, the initial segment load region calculation method, the proportional pressure control valve allusion quotation in the initial segment region
Offset calculation method, the proportional flow control valve typical case value calculating method in the initial segment region, the initial segment displacement-loading force complex controll side
Method and the initial segment-submissive method for handover control of almost linear loaded segment.
Further scheme is:
1) load start secure displacement point determines method, specifically:
A) fast offset speed is adjusted to proper level;
B) before testing, the shift value H on pressure-bearing material top is measured1, it is arranged apart from pressure-bearing material displacement safe displacement, is set as
H2, targeted security displacement point is H3;
H3=H1-H2
C) fast offset displacement of targets point is set on software;
D) start fast offset motion process, when reaching fast offset displacement of targets point, fast offset stops.
2) the initial segment load region calculation method, it is desirable that:
A) hydraulic dynamometer carries out fast offset movement, measures the load value of formed punch and pressure part Contact;
B) measurement three times, takes its average value F1, is the initial segment load region lower than F1 pressure stage.
3) proportional pressure control valve typical case's value calculating method in the initial segment region, specifically:
A) pressure characteristic of proportional pressure control valve, fixed proportion flow valve opening value BL0, when experiment can reach F1 are studied
The minimum aperture BY1 of proportional pressure control valve;
B) a lower value BY0 is rule of thumb chosen, a loading experiment is carried out, if pressure is after contact far more than F1,
BY0 is reduced, experiment is re-started;
C) after testing, if pressure reduces BY1 and re-starts experiment, until contact force is just got to still above F1 after contact
F1, corresponding to proportional overflow valve opening at this time is domain proportional overflow valve opening representative value BY1.
4) proportional flow control valve typical case's value calculating method in the initial segment region, specifically:
A) rating curve of proportional pressure control valve is studied, fixed proportion overflow valve opening value BY1 can in loading experiment
Control reaches idle running velocity of displacement in the proportional flow valve opening and loading procedure of F1 value and meets the requirements, as proportional flow control valve
Typical aperture;
B) rule of thumb choose a lower value BL0, carry out a loading experiment, if contact after pressure moment reach F1,
BL0 is then reduced, experiment is re-started;
C) test after, if contact after pressure still moment reach F1, reduce BL0, experiment re-started, until loading procedure
It is submissive when being loaded into F1;
If pressure is constant or loading velocity is excessively slow, then improves BL0, re-starts experiment after d) contacting;
E) after testing, if pressure is still constant after contact or power loading velocity is excessively slow, BL0 is improved, experiment is re-started,
Proportional flow valve opening when loading procedure is submissive is loaded into F1 is to load proportional flow valve opening characteristic value BL1 at a slow speed;
F) proportional flow valve opening BL2 (initial value BL1), proportional overflow valve opening BY1 in displacement process at a slow speed are set, into
Capable shift assays at a slow speed properly increase BL2 if being displaced at a slow speed too slowly;Wherein, due to the non-linear behavior of proportional flow control valve,
BL2 should not be more much larger than BL1.
5) the initial segment displacement-loading force composite control method, specifically:
A) Set scale overflow valve the initial segment opening value BY1, proportional flow control valve Bit andits control aperture BL1, proportional flow control valve
Loading force controls aperture BL2, and the initial segment loads Ending Load F1;
B) loading procedure starts, and system carries out Bit andits control at a slow speed according to the flow that BL1 is arranged;
C) when detecting that loading force has the variation of 2KN, system carries out load at a slow speed according to the flow that BL2 is arranged and controls;
D) it is loaded into F1, initiation region loading procedure terminates.
6) the submissive method for handover control of the initial segment-almost linear loaded segment, specifically:
A) it tests and determines proportional flow control valve representative value BL3 in almost linear loading procedure;
B) when being loaded into F1, the initial segment loading procedure terminates;
C) using BL1 as proportional pressure control valve initial value, the overflow valve section determined according to linear loading process is away from value, real-time update
Proportional pressure control valve opening value;
D) Set scale flow valve opening is BL3.
Although reference be made herein to invention has been described for explanatory embodiment of the invention, and above-described embodiment is only this hair
Bright preferable embodiment, embodiment of the present invention are not limited by the above embodiments, it should be appreciated that those skilled in the art
Member can be designed that a lot of other modification and implementations, these modifications and implementations will fall in principle disclosed in the present application
Within scope and spirit.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of starting loaded segment load flexibility loading control method of hydraulic loading test machine, characterized by comprising: load
Start secure displacement point determine method, the initial segment load region calculation method, the initial segment region proportional pressure control valve representative value meter
Calculation method, the proportional flow control valve typical case value calculating method in the initial segment region, the initial segment displacement-loading force composite control method and
The initial segment-submissive the method for handover control of almost linear loaded segment;
The load start secure displacement point determines method, specifically:
A) fast offset speed is adjusted to proper level;
B) before testing, the shift value H on pressure-bearing material top is measured1, the safe displacement apart from pressure-bearing material is set, H is set as2, target
Safe displacement point is H3;
H3=H1-H2
C) fast offset displacement of targets point is set on software;
D) start fast offset motion process, real-time displacement H is measured, as H > H3When, reach load start secure displacement point, quickly
Displacement stops;
The initial segment load region calculation method, comprising:
A) hydraulic dynamometer carries out fast offset movement, measures the load value of formed punch and pressure-bearing material moment;
B) measurement three times, takes its average value F1, is the initial segment load region lower than F1 pressure stage;
Proportional pressure control valve typical case's value calculating method in the initial segment region, specifically:
A) pressure characteristic of proportional pressure control valve, fixed proportion flow valve opening value BL0, ratio when experiment can reach F1 are studied
The minimum aperture BY1 of overflow valve;
B) a lower value BY0 is rule of thumb chosen, a loading experiment is carried out, if pressure reduces after contact far more than F1
BY0 re-starts experiment;
C) after testing, if pressure reduces BY0 and re-starts experiment still above F1 after contact, until contact force just reaches F1, this
When correspond to proportional overflow valve opening be the initial segment regional percentage overflow valve opening representative value BY11;
Proportional flow control valve typical case's value calculating method in the initial segment region, specifically:
A) rating curve of proportional flow control valve is studied, fixed proportion overflow valve opening value BY12 can be controllable in loading experiment
Reach idle running velocity of displacement in the proportional flow valve opening and loading procedure of F1 value to meet the requirements, as the allusion quotation of proportional flow control valve
Type aperture;
B) rule of thumb choose a lower value BL0, carry out a loading experiment, if contact after pressure moment reach F1, drop
Low BL0 re-starts experiment;
C) test after, if contact after pressure still moment reach F1, reduce BL0, re-start experiment, until loading procedure is submissive
When being loaded into F1;
If pressure is constant or loading velocity is excessively slow, then improves BL0, re-starts experiment after d) contacting;
E) after testing, if pressure is still constant after contact or power loading velocity is excessively slow, BL0 is improved, experiment is re-started, until
The proportional flow valve opening that loading procedure is submissive when being loaded into F1 is to load proportional flow valve opening characteristic value BL11 at a slow speed;
Shift assays control method at a slow speed, specifically:
Proportional flow valve opening BL21, proportional overflow valve opening BY13 in displacement process at a slow speed are set, shift assays at a slow speed are carried out,
If being displaced at a slow speed too slowly, BL21 is properly increased;Wherein, due to the non-linear behavior of proportional flow control valve, BL21 should not compare BL11
It is much larger;
The initial segment displacement-loading force composite control method, specifically:
A) Set scale overflow valve the initial segment opening value BY14, proportional flow control valve Bit andits control aperture BL12, proportional flow control valve add
It carries power and controls aperture BL22, the initial segment loads Ending Load F1;
B) loading procedure starts, and system carries out Bit andits control at a slow speed according to the flow that BL12 is arranged;
C) when detecting that loading force has the variation of 2KN, system carries out load at a slow speed according to the flow that BL22 is arranged and controls;
D) it is loaded into F1, initiation region loading procedure terminates;
The submissive method for handover control of the initial segment-almost linear loaded segment, specifically:
A) it tests and determines proportional flow control valve representative value BL31 in almost linear loading procedure;
B) when being loaded into F1, the initial segment loading procedure terminates;
C) using BY12 as proportional pressure control valve initial value, the overflow valve section determined according to linear loading process is away from value, real-time update ratio
Example overflow valve opening value;
D) Set scale flow valve opening is BL32.
2. the starting loaded segment load flexibility loading control method of hydraulic loading test machine according to claim 1, feature
It is:
The hydraulic loading test machine includes material loading device, and the material loading device includes fluid power system, described
Material loading device also includes at least:
The electricity liquid ratio relief valve or the variable pump with electricity liquid ratio relief valve, electro-hydraulic proportional flow being connect with high-pressure pump
Valve, high-pressure oil pipe, electro-hydraulic reversing valve hydraulic system attachment and oil cylinder,
The electricity liquid ratio relief valve being connect with high-pressure pump or the variable pump with electricity liquid ratio relief valve, it is desirable that:
1) electricity liquid ratio relief valve meets system crest requirement, can control hydraulic coupling according to control signal almost linear;
2) electricity liquid ratio relief valve is connected in parallel on high-pressure medium oil return line;
The electro-hydraulic proportional flow valve, it is desirable that:
1) electro-hydraulic proportional flow valve meets load most load requirement slowly, meets the velocity of displacement control need of high-pressure pump driving circuit
It asks, control signal and flow have monotonicity;
2) electro-hydraulic proportional flow valve is connected on high-pressure medium oil return line;
The high-pressure pump, high-pressure oil pipe, electro-hydraulic reversing valve, it is desirable that:
Electro-hydraulic reversing valve has the function of turning on or off high-pressure oil passage, and high-pressure oil pipe meets system maximum pressure requirement, electricity
Liquid reversal valve meets the basic function demand of hydraulic system;
The oil cylinder, it is desirable that:
Oil cylinder has linear convergent rate loading functionality, and oil cylinder bore size need to be matched with output maximum load, the medium oil pressure of oil cylinder
Has linear relationship with loading force by force.
3. the starting loaded segment load flexibility loading control method of hydraulic loading test machine according to claim 1, feature
It is:
The hydraulic loading test machine includes the hardware platform of a control and detection system, which at least should include:
1) control program runs processor, it is desirable that: the processor can carry out assembler language, C language or trapezoidal pattern programming, meet fortune
Row control algolithm requirement of programming meets requirement of the algorithm operation to the speed of service;
It 2) include the electrical system accessory of breaker, contactor, air switch, push-botton operation case, it is desirable that: what the accessory was set up returns
Road can meet the requirement of the safe and reliable start and stop of high-pressure pump;
3) load measurement sensor, it is desirable that: the sensor measurement range is not less than system maximum pressure range, and measurement accuracy is not low
In material mechanical performance testing lowest accuracy;
4) control software programming machine and operating platform or software, it is desirable that: control algolithm programming can be carried out, operating platform or software can
Control parameter in on-demand Correction and Control algorithm.
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CN109342208B (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2021-04-06 | 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 | Large-tonnage safe type material static force accurate loading simulation equipment |
CN109596437B (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2021-04-02 | 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 | Design method of loading force control system of static force accurate loading simulation device |
CN109596436B (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2021-04-06 | 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 | Static force accurate driving method of large-tonnage safety static force accurate loading simulation device |
CN111411998B (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2021-09-03 | 神华神东煤炭集团有限责任公司 | Processing method, storage medium and equipment for load jump value of hydraulic support upright column |
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